JP6385166B2 - Protective sheet unfolding device and method of using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a deployment device for a protective sheet used for protecting a person in a building from radiation, flame, and the like, and a method for using the same.

Devices and inventions for shielding means such as sheets, curtains, mats, and hanging curtains for blocking radiation are known (Patent Documents 1 to 5).
However, these various shielding means are all used in the unfolded state.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-84597 JP-A-61-70490 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-62300 JP-A-5-27037 JP-A-8-21897

  It is an object of the present invention to provide a protective sheet unfolding device and a method of using the same, which can unfold the protective sheet from the housing instantly to cover the outer wall of the building and protect people in the building in the event of a disaster. Let it be an issue.

The present invention
A protective sheet unfolding device comprising: a freely openable / closable housing; a protective sheet accommodated in the housing; and an opening means for opening the housing in operation.
The openable and closable housing,
A box-shaped first housing having an opening and a box-shaped second housing having an opening are combined so that the respective openings are closed, thereby forming an elongated accommodating space inside. ,
The first housing and the second housing are:
It is closed before operation and temporarily fixed by temporary fixing means so that it can be opened at the time of operation.
The elongate accommodation space accommodates the protective sheet and the opening means for releasing the temporary fastening means to open the housing, and the first end side of the protective sheet is fixed to the housing. The second end side is the tip,
The opening means is an actuator having an electric igniter and a piston;
The actuator is actuated to project the piston, the temporary fastening means is released, and the first housing and the second housing are opened, so that the protective sheet housed in the internal space is at the second end. A deployment device for a protective sheet that is dropped from the side and deployed in the vertical direction, and a method for using the deployment device.

  The apparatus for deploying a protective sheet according to the present invention can instantaneously unfold the protective sheet and cover the building from the outside in a disaster or the like, and protect people in the building.

(A) is the side view of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet, The figure which removed the wall of the one side surface, (b) is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the state after the action | operation of (a). It is the front view of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet, and is the figure which removed the part wall of the front side. The perspective view of the temporary fixing means used in FIG. 1, FIG. The figure which shows another embodiment of the protection sheet accommodated in the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. The figure which shows another embodiment of the protection sheet accommodated in the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. Sectional drawing (before an action | operation) of the opening means (actuator) accommodated in the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. Sectional drawing (after an action | operation) of the opening means (actuator) accommodated in the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. Explanatory drawing of the usage method of a deployment device of a protection sheet (before operation). Explanatory drawing of the usage method of a deployment device of a protection sheet (after operation). Explanatory drawing (before an action | operation) of the usage method which is another embodiment of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. Explanatory drawing of the usage method which is another embodiment of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet (after operation | movement). Explanatory drawing of the usage method which is a modification of embodiment of FIG. 10, FIG. 11 (before operation | movement). Explanatory drawing of the usage method which is a modification of embodiment of FIG. 10, FIG. 11 (after an action | operation). Explanatory drawing (before an action | operation) of the usage method which is another embodiment of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet. Explanatory drawing of the usage method which is another embodiment of the expansion | deployment apparatus of a protection sheet (after operation | movement).

<Protection sheet deployment device>
This will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 (a), the deployment apparatus 1 protective sheet shown in FIG. 2, the housing 10 of the openable and protective sheet 40 housed in the housing 10, the opening hands stage for opening the housing 10 during operation the has.

The openable / closable housing 10 is a combination of a first housing 11 and a second housing 21.
The first housing 11 has a box-like shape whose outer shape is a rectangular parallelepiped with only one surface opened (first opening 12).
The second housing 21 has a box-like shape whose outer shape is a rectangular parallelepiped with only one surface opened (second opening 22).
The first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are closed by a combination of the first opening 12 of the first housing 11 and the second opening 22 of the second housing 21, and the housing space 50 is elongated and closed inside. Is formed.
The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are preferably the same shape, but the sizes may be the same or different.
The outer shape of the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 is a rectangular parallelepiped shape in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the outer shape is similar to a cylinder by combining the first housing 11 and the second housing 12. May be.
The first housing 11 and the second housing 12 can be made of metal, synthetic resin, a combination thereof, or the like.

In the first housing 11 and the second housing 21, the first rear surface 14 of the first housing 11 and the second rear surface 24 of the second housing 21 are connected by a hinge 30.
A first protrusion 16 is formed on the outer side of the first front surface 15 of the first housing 11, and a second protrusion 26 is formed on the outer side of the second front surface 25 of the second housing 21.
A cap 35 serving as a temporary fastening means is fitted over both the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26 at an intermediate position in the length direction of the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26 that are in contact with each other. Yes.
A part of the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26 (intermediate portion in the length direction of the cap 35) into which the cap 35 is fitted is detached from the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 during operation. It is preferable that the means 19 for making it easy to open is formed.
As the means 19 for facilitating the opening, for example, a fragile portion consisting of any one of a notch, a dotted cut, and a thin portion can be formed, and a through-hole penetrating in the thickness direction is formed, The first piston body 114 may directly hit the cap 35.

As shown in FIG. 3, the cap 35 has a groove 36 continuous in the length direction on the inner side, and is preferably made of a synthetic resin or metal having elasticity.
The width W2 of the groove 36 is adjusted to be slightly smaller than the total width W1 of the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26 that are in contact with each other (W1> W2). It is press-fitted into both the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26.
Thus, since it press-fits with respect to both the 1st protrusion 16 and the 2nd protrusion 26, the cap 35 can function as a temporary fixing means.
The temporary fastening means prevents the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 from opening before the operation, and is easily detached (or destroyed) during the operation to open the first housing 11 and the second housing 21. It functions as follows.
The combination of the first protrusion 16, the second protrusion 26, and the cap 35 is an example of a temporary fixing means, and other temporary fixing means having the same function can be used.

A protective sheet 40 is accommodated in the accommodating space 50 in the housing 10.
The protective sheet 40 is for protecting a person in the building from radiation, flame, and the like, and the width, length, shape, and the like are adjusted according to the size and shape of the building.
As a radiation sheet (a sheet capable of blocking radiation), a sheet containing a thermoplastic elastomer and an inorganic material sold by Rengo Co., Ltd., a radiation shielding material described in JP2013-181793A, and sold by Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. A tungsten sheet made of a composite material of tungsten and elastomer, a high-density composite material described in JP2013-127021, and the like can be used.
Flameproof sheets include “silica cloth fireproof sheets” sold by Kikuchi Sheet Industry Co., Ltd., various flameproof sheets sold by Trusco Nakayama Co., Ltd. Flame sheet ", a flameproof sheet described in JP-A-10-1000029, and the like can be used.

The protective sheet 40 is fixed to the first bottom surface 13 of the first housing 11 on the first end 41 side by an adhesive, a combination of a bolt and a nut, or the like, and the second end 42 side is the tip.
A spherical weight 43 is attached to the side of the second end portion 42 of the protective sheet 40 in order to assist deployment during operation.
The protective sheet 40 may be accommodated in a folded form as shown in FIG. 1, or may be accommodated in a wound form as shown in FIG.

The protection sheet 40 can be used by combining two or more protection sheets having different functions.
In FIG. 5, the radiation protection sheet 40a and the flameproof sheet 40b are overlapped, and in operation, the flameproof sheet 40b is on the outside and the radiation protection sheet 40a is on the inside (building side). It is the form accommodated.
The radiation protection sheet 40a and the flameproof sheet 40b may be formed into one sheet by a method such as adhesion, or may be two separated sheets.

An opening means 50 is further accommodated in the accommodating space 50 in the housing 10.
It is an open hand stage, it is possible to use a known actuator with an electric igniter and the piston.
Opening hand stage is connected like a power source and sensors (not shown).

Known actuators that can be used as an open hand stage, Figure of Japanese Patent No. 4307946 4, which has two piston shown in FIG. 5 (bidirectional actuator), JP One having the one piston shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 of 2008-163971, and one piston shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-64219 One having the one piston shown in FIG. 4 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-333044, One piston shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-256396 (One-way actuator) etc. can be used.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as the opening hand stage, using an actuator 6, FIG. Patent No. 4,307,946 Publication 7 4 has two piston shown in Figure 5 doing. However, in order to avoid duplication of numbers with other drawings, in FIGS. 6 and 7, 10, 11, 12,..., 21, 22, 23, etc. shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 of Japanese Patent No. 4307946 are disclosed. These two-digit numbers are corrected to numbers in the 100s such as 100, 111, 112... 121, 122, 123.

Next, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the operation of the embodiment using the actuator 100 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 (the actuator 10 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 of Japanese Patent No. 4307946) as the opening means will be described. To do.
In addition, the actuator 100 of FIG. 1A and FIG. 2 is for showing an attachment position, and does not show an actual shape.
In FIG. 1A, in the actuator 100, the first piston body 114 faces the temporary fastening means 35 (the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26) from the inside, and the second piston body 124 is the second of the second housing 21. It is attached to the first bottom surface 13 side so as to face the bottom surface 23.

During operation, the electrode of the pyrotechnic cartridge (electric igniter) 131 shown in FIG. 6 is energized, and the high-pressure gas generated by the explosive combustion of the pyrotechnics is passed through the first cylinder hole 112 of the first cylinder body 111. The sealed space A below the first piston body 114 is filled.
As a result, the fixing pin P ₁ that fixes the communication hole closing portion 114c to the first cylinder body 111 is broken, and the first piston body 114 is suddenly protruded and is opposed as shown in FIG. The temporary fastening means 35 is pushed out from the inside by breaking through the boundary between the first front surface 15 and the second front surface 25 (the boundary between the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26) (FIG. 1B), and the piston portion 114b is The first piston body 111 is stopped by contacting the annular stopper 113. At this time, it is preferable that the means (fragile part or through-hole) 19 for facilitating opening is formed because the operation is performed more smoothly.

In parallel with the above operation, the communication hole blocking portion 114c rises and the communication hole 118 appears, so that high-pressure combustion gas flows from the sealed space A through the communication hole 118 into the second cylinder hole 122. As shown in FIG. 7, the cylindrical body 125 and the rod 128 are suddenly pushed out downward and violently collided with the second bottom surface 23 of the second housing 21.
In this way, the temporary fastening means 35 is released by the impact from the inside and the second bottom surface 23 is pushed, so that the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are opened at the first front surface 15 and the second front surface 25. The At this time, the first rear surface 14 and the second rear surface 24 are connected to each other by the hinge 30 so as to be freely opened and closed, so that they are not separated.

Due to the gas pressure flowing in, the fixing pin P ₂ fixing the cylinder 125 and the fixing pin P ₃ fixing the rod 128 are broken, so that the cylinder 125 follows the inner wall of the second cylinder body 121. The rear end side flange portion 126 comes into contact with the front end side flange portion 123 of the second cylinder body 121 and is stopped.
At the same time, the rod 128 is stopped when the flange portion 129 on the rear end side comes into contact with the flange portion 127 on the front end side of the cylindrical body 125.
Since the second piston body 124 of the second cylinder body 121 has a two-stage configuration of the cylindrical body 125 and the rod 128, the drive stroke is almost twice that of the first piston body 114 having a single-stage configuration. Since it has, it can be made to collide with the 2nd bottom face 23 reliably.

When the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are thus opened, the protective sheet 40 accommodated in the accommodation space 50 naturally falls from the second end portion 42 (weight 43) side, and the vertical direction Expanded to

  A known one-way actuator is used in place of the two-way actuator shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and the temporary fastening means 35 is removed by applying an impact from the inside so that the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are opened. can do. In addition, the temporary fastening means 35 is removed by applying a shock from the inside to the second bottom surface 23 of the second housing 21 using a known one-way actuator so that the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are opened. It can also be.

<How to use the protective sheet unfolding device>
(1) Method of using the protective sheet unfolding device 1 shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 FIGS. 8 and 9 are embodiments suitable for thin-walled buildings such as wooden houses, where the wall 201 and the window 202 are joined together. It is embodiment which covers.
In FIG. 8, the protective sheet unfolding device 1 is attached to the inner side surface 203 a of the eaves 203 of the building 200.
In the protective sheet unfolding device 1, the first bottom surface 13 of the first housing 11 is fixed to the flange 203 (inner surface 203 a), and there is a gap between the wall 201 and the window 202.
The control device 150 is attached to the flange 203 (inner side surface 203a) near the protective sheet deploying device 1. The control device 150 is a thermal sensor, a radiation sensor, a control means for operating the actuator 100 (not shown) of the protective sheet unfolding device 1 after detecting heat (flame) or radiation, and a power source as necessary. (Storage battery etc.) are accommodated.
In addition, in order to improve a protective effect, a protective sheet can be affixed also to the inner side or the outer side of the first housing 11 and the second housing 21.

When the abnormality is detected by the heat sensor or radiation sensor, the actuator 100 is actuated and the first piston body 114 is protruded (FIGS. 6 and 7), breaking through the portion including the first protrusion 16 and the second protrusion 26, and impact. As a result, the temporary fastening means 35 is released (see FIG. 1B).
Further, the second piston body 124 protrudes simultaneously with the first piston body 114 (FIGS. 6 and 7), and the first housing 11 is fixed by violently colliding with the second bottom surface 23 of the second housing 21 and pushing down. In this state, only the second housing 21 is opened by opening it toward the wall 201 with the hinge 30 as a base point.
Thereafter, the internal protective sheet 40 naturally falls from the second end portion 42 (weight 43) side, is deployed in the vertical direction, and covers and protects the wall 201 and the window 202 from the outside.
Further, in this embodiment, the second housing 21 may be removed from the first housing 11 and opened by dropping on the ground.
In addition, in order to ensure the certainty of operation | movement, the expansion | deployment apparatus 1 of a protection sheet can also be made to operate | move by operation from the inside of the building 200. FIG.

(2) Method of using the protective sheet unfolding apparatus 1 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 FIGS. 10 and 11 are embodiments suitable for a thick-walled concrete building and mainly cover the window 202. .
In FIG. 10, the protective sheet unfolding device 1 is attached to the support plate 140 protruding from the wall 201 of the building 200.
The support plate 140 replaces the fence 203 in the building without the fence 203 shown in FIG.
In the protective sheet deployment device 1, a portion including the hinge 30 is fixed to a plurality of support bars 145 extending from the support plate 140, and there is a gap between the wall 201 and the window 202.
A plurality of support rods 145 (for example, 3 to 10) are arranged at equal intervals to support the housing, and a protective sheet is stretched between the plurality of support rods 145 in order to enhance the protective effect. It is preferable.
The actuator 100 (not shown) is attached to the first housing 11 or the second housing 21.
The control device 150 is mounted on the support plate 140. The control device 150 accommodates a heat sensor, a radiation sensor, control means for operating the actuator 100 of the protective sheet unfolding device 1 after detecting heat (flame) or radiation, and a power source (storage battery, etc.) as necessary. Has been.
In addition, in order to improve a protective effect, a protective sheet can be affixed also to the inner side or the outer side of the first housing 11 and the second housing 21.

When the heat sensor or the radiation sensor detects an abnormality, the actuator 100 is activated, the temporary fastening means 35 is removed by impact, and the first bottom surface 13 of the first housing 11 is pushed outward by the impact, thereby the hinge 30. As a starting point, both the first housing 11 and the second housing 21 are opened to the left and right.
Thereafter, the internal protective sheet 40 naturally falls from the second end portion 42 (weight 43) side, is deployed in the vertical direction, and covers and protects the wall 201 and the window 202 from the outside.
In FIG. 11, the first end 41 of the protective sheet 40 is fixed to the second bottom surface 23 of the second housing 21, but may be fixed to the first housing 11 side.
In addition, in order to ensure the certainty of operation | movement, the expansion | deployment apparatus 1 of a protection sheet can also be made to operate | move by operation from the inside of the building 200. FIG.

(3) Method of using the protective sheet unfolding device 1 shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 FIGS. 12 and 13 are modifications of the protective sheet unfolding device 1 of FIGS. 10 and 11.
The embodiment shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 in that the support rod 145 is not used and the hinge 30 is directly embedded in the support plate 140.
In addition, since the hinge 30 embedded in the support plate 140 is used, the first rear surface 14 of the first housing 11 and the second rear surface 24 of the second housing 21 are inclined surfaces so that they can be opened during operation. ing.

(4) Method of using the protective sheet unfolding device 1 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 FIGS. 14 and 15 are embodiments in which the protective sheet unfolding device 1 is directly fixed to the wall. It can be applied regardless.
In FIG. 14, the first rear surface 14 of the first housing 11 is fixed to the wall 201 of the building 200 and the deployment device 1 for the protective sheet is attached.
The second housing 21 is smaller than the first housing 11, and the second rear surface 24 is an inclined surface.
The control device 150 is similarly attached to the wall 201. The control device 150 is a thermal sensor, a radiation sensor, a control means for operating the actuator 100 (not shown) of the protective sheet unfolding device 1 after detecting heat (flame) or radiation, and a power source as necessary. (Storage battery etc.) are accommodated.
In addition, in order to improve a protective effect, a protective sheet can be affixed also to the inner side or the outer side of the first housing 11 and the second housing 21.

When the heat sensor or the radiation sensor detects an abnormality, the actuator 100 is activated, and the temporary fixing means 35 is removed due to an impact. Further, the second bottom surface 23 of the second housing 21 is pushed down by an impact, so that only the second housing 21 is opened away from the wall 201 with the hinge 30 as a base point while the first housing 11 is fixed. Is done.
Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 15, the internal protection sheet 40 naturally falls from the second end portion 42 (weight 43) side and is deployed in the vertical direction to cover and protect the wall 201 and the window 202 from the outside.
Further, in this embodiment, the second housing 21 may be removed from the first housing 11 and opened by dropping on the ground.
In addition, in order to ensure the certainty of operation | movement, the expansion | deployment apparatus 1 of a protection sheet can also be made to operate | move by operation from the inside of the building 200. FIG.

  The protective sheet unfolding device of the present invention and the method of using the same are in an embodiment that covers the entire building, or in an embodiment that covers a window or an entrance when the building wall itself, such as a concrete building, has a shielding effect against radiation or flame. It can be applied, and is particularly suitable as an embodiment that covers the entire building such as a primary shelter in an emergency, windows, and doorways.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Deploying device of protective sheet 10 Housing 11 First housing 21 Second housing 35 Temporary fastening means 40 Protective sheet 100 Opening means (actuator)

Claims (9)

A protective sheet unfolding device comprising: a freely openable / closable housing; a protective sheet accommodated in the housing; and an opening means for opening the housing in operation.
The openable and closable housing,
A box-shaped first housing having an opening and a box-shaped second housing having an opening are combined so that the respective openings are closed, thereby forming an elongated accommodating space inside. ,
The first housing and the second housing are:
It is closed before operation and temporarily fixed by temporary fixing means so that it can be opened at the time of operation.
The elongate accommodation space accommodates the protective sheet and the opening means for releasing the temporary fastening means to open the housing, and the first end side of the protective sheet is fixed to the housing. The second end side is the tip,
The opening means is an actuator having an electric igniter and a piston;
The actuator is actuated to project the piston, the temporary fastening means is released, and the first housing and the second housing are opened, so that the protective sheet housed in the housing space is the second end portion. to fall from the side, it der those developed in the vertical direction,
The protective sheet, Ru der those blocking at least one of radiation and flame, deployment device protective sheet. The housing comprises:
The first housing is fixed to the building at the time of use, and the opening side of the first housing and the second housing at the time of operation is temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing means.
In operation, the temporary fastening means is released and only the second housing is opened to open the housing, and the protective sheet housed in the housing space falls from the second end side and is deployed in the vertical direction. The protective sheet unfolding device according to claim 1, wherein The housing comprises:
In use, the closed surface composed of the first housing and the second housing is fixed to the building, and the opening side of the first housing and the second housing in operation is temporarily fixed by the temporary fixing means.
In operation, the temporary fastening means is released, both the first housing and the second housing are opened, the housing is opened, and the protective sheet housed in the housing space falls from the second end side to cause a vertical direction. The deployment device of the protective sheet according to claim 1, which is deployed in the above. The first housing is fixed to the building side, and the second housing is temporarily fixed to the first housing by temporary fixing means,
In operation, the temporary fastening means is released and the second housing is dropped, so that the protective sheet housed in the housing space falls from the second end side and is deployed in the vertical direction. The deployment device of the protection sheet according to claim 1.   The deployment apparatus of the protection sheet of any one of Claims 1-4 by which the weight is attached to the 2nd edge part side of the said protection sheet.   The deployment device for a protective sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the protective sheet is at least one of a radiation protective sheet and a flameproof sheet. The protective sheet has a radiation protective sheet and a flameproof sheet stacked on top of each other, and is accommodated so that the flameproof sheet is on the outside and the radiation protective sheet is on the inside during operation. The apparatus for deploying a protective sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6.   The deployment device for a protective sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the protective sheet is accommodated in a folded form or a rolled-up form.   An apparatus for deploying a protective sheet, wherein the apparatus for deploying a protective sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is used by being attached to an outer wall or a fence of a building, and the building is covered with the deployed protective sheet from the outside during operation. how to use.

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