JP6368175B2 - Metal parts, metal parts manufacturing apparatus, and metal parts manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a metal part, a metal part manufacturing apparatus, and a metal part manufacturing method.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the shock absorber 100 is a hydraulic shock absorber that absorbs shocks and vibrations of a moving part of the machine and reduces noise and damage. The shock absorber 100 is disposed on the bottomed tube 113 and the bottomed tube 113. The inner cylinder 12, the piston 13 that is movable back and forth in the inner space (compression chamber) of the inner cylinder 12, the piston rod 14 that is connected to the piston 13, the seal member 15 that closes the opening of the bottomed cylinder 113, and the bottomed cylinder And a spring engaging flange 114 which is provided on a side surface of 113 and engages with the spring S. When the shock or vibration of the operating part is transmitted to the piston rod 14, the piston 13 moves in the compression chamber. During the movement of the piston 13, the oil Z filled in the inner cylinder 12 passes through the orifice 12 </ b> X formed in the inner cylinder 12. In this way, the resistance of the oil Z at the orifice 12X cushions the impact and the like transmitted to the piston rod 14. Many of such shock absorbers 100 are obtained by welding a spring engagement flange 114 to a bottomed tube 113 (for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-11-294513

  In Patent Document 1, a metal part composed of the bottomed tube 113 and the spring engaging flange 114 is made of aluminum and is lightweight, but has a welded portion, so there are problems of strength and manufacturing cost due to the welding process. Remains. In order to solve such a problem, it is necessary to omit the welding process, but an alternative manufacturing method has not yet been established.

  The present invention provides a metal part that omits the welding process, has high strength, and is inexpensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the present invention provides a metal part manufacturing apparatus and a metal part manufacturing method.

The present invention is a metal part manufacturing apparatus for producing a metal part from a workpiece, the punch for pushing the workpiece from a first side, and receiving the workpiece from a second side opposite to the first side. A die for receiving the workpiece from a third side intersecting the first side, and the side receiving die is pressed against the workpiece supported by the receiving die. A protrusion-forming mold mechanism for forming a protrusion on the workpiece, the protrusion-forming mold mechanism including a first mold that forms the first side of the protrusion and the protrusion of the protrusion A second mold that forms the second side, a space surrounded by the first mold and the second mold, and a projection setup space in which the projection is formed by deformation of the workpiece, have a, the first mold before the protrusions are formed The second mold is in contact with the peripheral surface on the first side of the workpiece, and the second mold is in contact with the peripheral surface on the second side of the workpiece before the projection is formed. The protrusion is formed in the middle of the workpiece in the axial direction when the punch is pushed into the workpiece held in the radial direction by the die and the second die .

The present invention further comprises a receiving actuator for driving the receiving mold, a punch actuator for driving the punch, and an actuator control mechanism for controlling the receiving actuator and the punch actuator, and the actuator control mechanism The receiving mold preferably moves to the second side while supporting the workpiece following the pressing of the punch into the workpiece.

  The movement of the receiving mold to the second side is preferably performed before or in a state where the punch cannot be pushed into the workpiece. The movement of the receiving mold to the second side is preferably performed when the punch is positioned on the second side of the protrusion. Furthermore, it is preferable that the movement of the receiving mold toward the second side is performed after the formation of the protrusion.

The punch actuator according to the present invention stops the pressing of the punch against the workpiece before the punch cannot be pushed into the workpiece or temporarily stops in the state, and the punch is again applied to the workpiece. The pressing is performed after the projection forming mold mechanism is retracted.

  The present invention provides a punch that pushes into a workpiece from a first side, a receiving mold that receives the workpiece from a second side opposite to the first side, and a workpiece from a third side that intersects the first side. A side receiving mold, and the side receiving mold includes a protrusion forming mold mechanism for forming a protrusion on the work by pressing the punch against the work supported by the receiving mold. A support mechanism disposed on the second side of the protrusion-forming mold mechanism and supporting the workpiece from the third side using a side support surface, and a space formed by the side support surface The width is equal from the first side toward the second side.

The present invention is a metal part manufacturing method for producing a metal part from the workpiece using the metal part manufacturing apparatus described above , wherein the first mold is a peripheral surface on the first side of the workpiece. The workpiece is set so that the second die comes into contact with the peripheral surface on the second side of the workpiece, and the workpiece comes into contact with the first die and the second die from the radial direction. A workpiece setting step for holding the workpiece, and a projection forming step in which the projection is formed in the axial direction of the workpiece by being pushed into the set workpiece. And

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while omitting a welding process, the intensity | strength is high and the metal parts which manufacture is cheap can be provided.

(A) is a top view of metal parts. (B) is a sectional view of a metal part taken along line Ia-Ia. (A) is sectional drawing of a shock absorber. (B) It is sectional drawing to which the bottom part of the shock absorber was expanded. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing of the manufacturing apparatus of the metal components corresponded to the comparative example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the modification of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the modification of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of the modification of the manufacturing apparatus of metal components. (A) is sectional drawing of the conventional shock absorber. (B) is sectional drawing to which the bottom part of the conventional shock absorber was expanded.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the metal part 2 includes a bottomed tube 3 that is open on one side and closed on the other side, and a protrusion 4 formed on a side surface of the bottomed tube 3. The protrusion 4 is located between the bottom 3 </ b> B and the opening 3 </ b> X in the length direction of the bottomed tube 3. The bottomed tube 3 and the protrusion 4 are not joined to each other by welding or the like, but are integrated. The metal part 2 is made of non-ferrous metal (aluminum alloy or the like) in addition to iron, steel, alloy steel.

  The bottomed cylinder 3 is formed straight. That is, the outer diameter R1 and the inner diameter R2 of the bottomed tube 3 are substantially constant in the length direction of the bottomed tube 3. The accuracy of the inner diameter R2 is preferably 0.1 mm or less. Furthermore, it is preferable that an inner diameter gradually decreasing portion 3 </ b> C is formed on the bottom portion 3 </ b> B of the bottomed tube 3. By forming the inner diameter gradually decreasing portion 3C, the inner diameter R2 in the vicinity of the bottom portion 3B decreases from one side to the other side.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the shock absorber 10 absorbs shocks and vibrations of the moving part of the machine and reduces noise and damage. The shock absorber 10 is formed on the metal part 2 and the bottomed cylinder 3 of the metal part 2. An inner cylinder 12 arranged, a piston 13 that can move forward and backward in the inner space (compression chamber) of the inner cylinder 12, a piston rod 14 that is connected to the piston 13, a seal member 15 that closes the opening 3X of the bottomed cylinder 3, Have The protrusion 4 of the metal part 2 functions as a spring engagement flange that engages with the spring S.

  When the shock or vibration of the operating part is transmitted to the piston rod 14, the piston 13 moves in the compression chamber. During the movement of the piston 13, the oil Z filled in the inner cylinder 12 passes through the orifice 12 </ b> X formed on the other side of the inner cylinder 12. In this way, the resistance of the oil Z at the orifice 12X cushions the impact and the like transmitted to the piston rod 14. As described above, since the shock absorbing performance of the shock absorber 10 strongly depends on the shape and position of the orifice 12X, the accuracy of the shape of the bottom 3B with which the inner cylinder 12 abuts is very important. Further, if there is a backlash of the bottom 3 in the inner cylinder 12, a problem such as noise will occur. For this reason, it is preferable that the bottom portion 3B of the bottomed tube 3 is provided with the aforementioned inner diameter gradually decreasing portion 3C. Since the inner diameter gradually decreasing portion 3C stabilizes the contact of the inner cylinder 12B with the bottom portion 3B, the expected performance as the shock absorber 10 can be achieved, and problems (noise, etc.) due to rattling can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the metal part manufacturing apparatus 20 obtains a metal part by performing predetermined forging on the work W, and pushes the work W from the lower side (first side). The punch 30 to perform, the upper receiving metal mold | die 40 which receives the workpiece | work W from an upper side (2nd side), and the side receiving metal mold | die 50 which receives the workpiece | work W from a side (3rd side) are provided. A space surrounded by the punch 30, the upper receiving mold 40, and the side receiving mold 50 serves as a work W accommodating space.

  Further, the side receiving mold 50 includes a punch advance / retract mold 51 in which a hole through which the punch 30 can advance and retreat, and a protrusion forming mold for forming a protrusion on the workpiece W, which is disposed above the punch advance / retract mold 51. The mold 52 includes a side support mold 53 that is disposed above the projection forming mold 52 and supports the workpiece W from the lateral side using the side support surface 53A. The projection forming mold 52 includes a lower projection forming mold 52L, a lateral projection forming mold 52C, and an upper projection forming mold 52U. The lower protrusion forming mold 52L is connected to the punch advance / retreat mold 51 and the lateral protrusion forming mold 52C, and the upper protrusion forming mold 52U is connected to the side support mold 53 by a connection mechanism (not shown).

  The metal part manufacturing apparatus 20 further includes a punch actuator 61 for moving the punch 30, a receiving mold actuator 62 for moving the upper receiving mold 40, and a side for moving the side receiving mold 50. It has a receiving mold actuator 63 and a drive controller 80 for driving each of the actuators 61 to 63. According to the drive controller 80, each mold 61-63 can move independently in the up-down direction. More specifically, the upper projection forming mold 52U is separated from the lateral projection forming mold 52C by the side receiving mold actuator 63 (FIG. 3, hereinafter referred to as a separated state), and the lateral projection. It is freely movable between the state in contact with the forming mold 52C (FIG. 4, hereinafter referred to as a contact state). In the contact state, a projection setup space SK surrounded by the projection forming mold 52 and the workpiece W is formed. Further, the punch 30 is moved up and down independently by the punch actuator 61 and the upper receiving mold 40 is independently moved by the receiving mold actuator 62 (FIGS. 3 to 7).

  Next, a method for manufacturing a metal part will be described.

  3 to 5, the side receiving mold actuator 63 urges the upper projection forming mold 52 </ b> U to a contact state. The punch actuator 61 pushes the punch 30 into the work W, and the receiving mold actuator 62 urges the upper receiving mold 40 toward the work W so that the position of the upper receiving mold 40 does not fluctuate in the vertical direction. Yes. That is, the pressure by the punch actuator 61 is equal to the pressure by the receiving mold actuator 62.

  The upper protrusion-forming mold 52U changes from the separated state (FIG. 3) away from the lateral-side protrusion forming mold 52C (FIG. 4). Since the protrusion setup space SK faces the workpiece W in the contact state, the semi-sealed installation is performed by pushing the punch 30 from below and receiving it from the upper side by the upper receiving mold 40 (FIG. 4). ~ 6). The bottomed cylinder 3 (FIG. 1) formed by the penetration of the punch 30 from the workpiece W and the projection 4 (FIG. 1) in which a part of the workpiece W is filled in the projection installation space SK by the semi-sealed upsetting. ) Can be obtained.

  In FIG. 6, even if the pressing from the lower side by the punch 30 and the receiving from the upper side by the upper receiving die 40 are continuously performed, the workpiece W cannot be deformed (hereinafter referred to as an undeformable state). ) Here, when the upper receiving die 40 is moved upward and the gap Y is formed between the workpiece W and the upper receiving die 40 (FIG. 8), the punch 30 pushes in from the lower side. Then, the protrusion 4 (particularly the root portion) is damaged. Therefore, when the upper receiving mold 40 is moved upward while being in contact with the workpiece W when the punch 30 is pressed from the lower side, the protrusion 4 is not damaged, and the punch 30 can be pressed. The hole of the bottomed tube 3 (FIG. 1) can be made deeper by the penetration of the punch 30 (FIG. 7).

  In order to move the upper receiving mold 40 to the upper side while being in contact with the workpiece W when the punch 30 is pushed from the lower side, for example, the following is performed. The side receiving mold actuator 63 biases the upper projection forming mold 52U so as to maintain the contact state. The punch actuator 61 pushes the punch 30 into the workpiece W. The receiving mold actuator 62 urges the upper receiving mold 40 toward the workpiece W while the upper receiving mold 40 moves upward. That is, the pressure applied to the workpiece W by the punch actuator 61 is larger than the pressure by the receiving mold actuator 62.

  Thus, according to the present invention, in order to obtain the metal part 2 in which the bottomed tube 3 and the protrusion 4 are integrally molded by forging, the welding process of the bottomed tube 3 and the protrusion 4 can be omitted. it can. Furthermore, since there is no joint trace such as a welded portion, it is possible to provide a metal part that has high strength and is inexpensive to manufacture.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the bottomed tube 3 and the shape of the inner diameter gradually decreasing portion 3 </ b> C are determined by the shape of the punch 30. Therefore, the metal part 2 is suitable as a component part of the shock absorber 10.

  By the way, in order to form the hole of the bottomed cylinder 3 from the workpiece W, if the pressing process of the punch 30 is performed in two steps, a slight step is formed in the hole due to an error during the pressing process. According to the present invention, in order to form the hole of the bottomed cylinder 3 from the workpiece W, the pressing process of the punch 30 (particularly, FIGS. 5 to 7) can be continuously performed. The accuracy of the inner wall surface can be increased. Therefore, the metal part 2 is suitable as a component part of the shock absorber 10.

  In the above-described embodiment, the control of the upper receiving mold 40 by the receiving mold actuator 62 is performed when it is in a non-deformable state, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, this switching may be performed before reaching the non-deformable state. Here, as the non-deformable state, for example, a state in which the amount of change in the relative position between the upper receiving mold 40 and the punch 30 is smaller than a predetermined threshold, or a state in which the resistance to pushing of the punch 30 is larger than a predetermined threshold. It is good.

  Moreover, the metal component manufacturing apparatus 20 may include a displacement meter and a pressure sensor. Then, the drive controller 80 reads the sensing signal from the displacement sensor or the pressure sensor, determines whether or not it is in a non-deformable state based on the measurement value from each sensor and a predetermined threshold, and in the non-deformable state If it is determined that there is, the control of the upper receiving mold 40 by the receiving mold actuator 62 may be switched.

  Further, the timing for switching the control of the upper receiving mold 40 by the receiving mold actuator 62 is when the punch 40 is positioned above the protrusion or the precursor of the protrusion, or after the protrusion or the precursor thereof is formed. It is good. Here, “the punch 40 is located above the protrusion or its precursor” means that the upper end of the punch 40 is located above the protrusion or its precursor, or the upper end of the punch 40 is formed as a lower protrusion. The case where it is located above the upper end of the mold 52L is included. In addition, “after the protrusions or their precursors are formed” means that the entire part of the upsetting space SK is filled with the deformed part of the work W or the part of the upsetting space SK is filled with the deformed part of the work W. Including after.

  In the present invention, priority may be given to either the molding of the precursor of the protrusion or the molding of the opening, but the molding of the precursor of the protrusion is preferred to the molding of the opening ( See FIGS.

  In the above embodiment, the bottomed cylinder 3 has a circular cross section, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be a bottomed cylinder having an elliptical or polygonal cross section.

  In the above embodiment, the lateral protrusion forming mold 52C is used, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the side protrusion forming mold 52C may be omitted. In this case, the upper projection forming mold 52U is separated by the side receiving mold actuator 63 (FIG. 3) and in a state close to the lateral projection forming mold 52C (hereinafter referred to as a proximity state). And can be moved freely between. Further, the distance between the lateral projection forming mold 52C and the upper projection forming mold 52U in the proximity state may be set according to the shape of the projection to be molded.

  In addition, you may manufacture metal parts as follows.

  As illustrated in FIGS. 9A to 9B, the metal part manufacturing apparatus 22 includes a punch 30, an upper receiving mold 40, a side receiving mold 50, a punch actuator 61, and a drive controller 80. The upper receiving die 40 is formed with an accommodation hole 40X for accommodating the workpiece W, and the upper receiving die 40, the upper protrusion forming die 52U and the side support die 53 in FIG. Has the same function. Further, the upper receiving mold 40 is fixed to the wall or floor of the manufacturing room so as to resist the pressing of the punch 30. The side receiving mold 50 includes a punch advance / retreat mold 51 and a protrusion forming mold 52. The projection forming mold 52 includes a lateral projection forming mold 52C and a lower projection forming mold 52L.

  After the workpiece W is disposed in the accommodation hole 40X, the upper receiving mold 40 is fixed to the side receiving mold 50 (FIG. 9A). Thereafter, the punch 30 pushes the workpiece by driving the punch actuator 61 (FIG. 9B). Semi- hermetic upsetting is performed by pressing the punch 30 from the lower side and receiving the upper receiving mold 40 from the upper side. Thereafter, after the workpiece W, the upper receiving die 40 and the punch 30 are turned upside down while being integrated, that is, after the side receiving die 50 is retracted from the upper receiving die 40, the punch 30 is pushed again toward the workpiece W. (FIG. 10). In this way, a metal part can be manufactured.

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

2 Metal parts 3 Bottomed cylinder 3B Bottom 3C Inner diameter gradually decreasing part 4 Projection 10 Shock absorber 12 Inner cylinder 13 Piston 14 Piston rod 15 Seal member 20 Metal parts manufacturing apparatus 30 Punch 40 Upper receiving mold 50 Side receiving mold 51 Punch advancement / retraction mold 52 Protrusion formation mold 52C Horizontal protrusion formation mold 52L Lower protrusion formation mold 52U Upper protrusion formation mold 53 Side support mold 53A Side support surface 61 Punch actuator 62 Receiving mold actuator 63 side Receiving mold actuator 80 Drive controller 100 Shock absorber 113 Bottomed cylinder 114 Spring engagement flange R1 Outer diameter R2 Inner diameter S Spring SK Upright space W Work Z Oil

Claims (6)

A metal part manufacturing apparatus for making metal parts from a workpiece,
A punch for pushing the workpiece from the first side;
A receiving mold for receiving the workpiece from the second side opposite to the first side;
A side receiving mold for receiving the workpiece from a third side intersecting the first side,
The side receiving mold is
A protrusion-forming mold mechanism for forming protrusions on the work by pressing the punch against the work supported by the receiving mold;
The protrusion forming mold mechanism is
A first mold forming the first side of the protrusions;
A second mold for forming the second side of the protrusions;
A space surrounded by the second die and the first die, have a, a projection for swaging space in which the workpiece is the projection to deform is formed,
The first mold is in contact with the peripheral surface on the first side of the workpiece before the protrusion is formed,
The second mold is in contact with the peripheral surface on the second side of the workpiece before the protrusion is formed;
The protrusion is formed in the middle of the workpiece in the axial direction when the punch is pushed into the workpiece held in the radial direction by the first die and the second die. ,
Metal parts manufacturing equipment. A receiving actuator for driving the receiving mold;
A punch actuator for driving the punch;
An actuator control mechanism for controlling the receiving actuator and the punch actuator; and
By the actuator control mechanism, said BEARING mold, following the pressing of the said by the punch workpiece, metal according to claim 1, characterized in that to move to the second side while supporting the workpiece Equipment for manufacturing manufactured parts. 3. The metal part according to claim 2 , wherein the movement of the receiving mold to the second side is performed before or in a state where the punch cannot be pushed into the workpiece. 4. manufacturing device. The metal part manufacturing method according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the movement of the receiving mold to the second side is performed when the punch is positioned on the second side of the protrusion. apparatus. The punch actuator stops the pressing of the punch against the workpiece before the punch cannot be pushed into the workpiece, or temporarily stops in this state, and the pressing of the punch against the workpiece is performed again. The metal part manufacturing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the metal part manufacturing apparatus is performed after the projection forming mold mechanism is retracted. A preceding claims manufacturing method of a metal part to create a metal part from the workpiece using a metal part of the manufacturing apparatus according to any one of the five,
The work is set so that the first mold comes into contact with the first peripheral surface of the work, and the second mold comes into contact with the second peripheral surface of the work, A work setting step for allowing a work to be held in a radial direction by the first mold and the second mold;
A projection forming step in which the projection is formed in the middle of the workpiece in the axial direction by the punch being pushed into the set workpiece;
Characterized in that it comprises a
Manufacturing method of metal parts.

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