JP6367439B1 - Dehumidifying and drying equipment - Google Patents

Dehumidifying and drying equipment Download PDF

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JP6367439B1
JP6367439B1 JP2017143351A JP2017143351A JP6367439B1 JP 6367439 B1 JP6367439 B1 JP 6367439B1 JP 2017143351 A JP2017143351 A JP 2017143351A JP 2017143351 A JP2017143351 A JP 2017143351A JP 6367439 B1 JP6367439 B1 JP 6367439B1
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dried
drying
endless net
dehumidifying
cutting
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JP2019027599A (en
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豊康 西川
豊康 西川
雄一郎 信澤
雄一郎 信澤
佐藤 稔
稔 佐藤
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株式会社西原環境
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/13Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B1/00Preliminary treatment of solid materials or objects to facilitate drying, e.g. mixing or backmixing the materials to be dried with predominantly dry solids
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/18Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by endless belts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/001Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/06Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
    • F26B21/08Humidity
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/02Odour removal or prevention of malodour
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26DRYING
    • F26BDRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/18Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】被乾燥物の変質や臭気発生を抑制するために低温で乾燥する場合においても、被乾燥物を効率よく乾燥し、かつ安定した品質の乾燥物を得ることのできる除湿乾燥機の提供。【解決手段】被乾燥物Kを筒状に整形する整形器21および筒状に整形された被乾燥物Kを切り離す切断機22を有する成形部2と、無端ネット311を備え、成形部2から被乾燥物Kを受入れて水平方向へ移送する無端ネットコンベア31、空気の湿度を除去する除湿器32、除湿器32で除湿された空気を温水で昇温する加熱器33および無端ネットコンベア311を覆う覆蓋34、を有する乾燥部3と、を備えた除湿乾燥装置。【選択図】図1[Problem] To provide a dehumidifying dryer capable of efficiently drying a material to be dried and obtaining a dry product of stable quality even when drying at a low temperature in order to suppress deterioration of the material to be dried and generation of odor. . SOLUTION: A molding unit 21 having a shaping device 21 for shaping a material K to be dried and a cutting machine 22 for cutting the material K to be dried, and an endless net 311 are provided. An endless net conveyor 31 for receiving the material to be dried K and transferring it in the horizontal direction, a dehumidifier 32 for removing the humidity of the air, a heater 33 for raising the temperature of the air dehumidified by the dehumidifier 32 with hot water, and an endless net conveyor 311 A dehumidifying and drying apparatus comprising: a drying unit 3 having a cover lid 34 for covering. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、下水処理施設等で発生する活性汚泥を脱水して得られる脱水汚泥等の乾燥に関するものである。   The present invention relates to drying dewatered sludge obtained by dewatering activated sludge generated in a sewage treatment facility or the like.

下水処理施設等で発生する脱水汚泥を資源として再利用することが一般的となっている。再利用先は様々であるが、脱水汚泥を直接利用することはまれであり、再利用先の用途に合わせて水分量の調整が行われている。   It is common to reuse dewatered sludge generated in sewage treatment facilities as resources. Although there are various reuse destinations, it is rare to use dehydrated sludge directly, and the amount of water is adjusted according to the intended use of the reuse destination.

水分量の調整は脱水汚泥中の水を蒸発させる(脱水汚泥を乾燥させる)ことが一般的に行なわれている。この場合、脱水汚泥の水分が気体側に移動し易くなるように脱水汚泥側の温度、気体側(多くは空気)の温度、湿度および気圧を操作することが一般的に行われている。   Adjustment of the amount of water is generally performed by evaporating water in the dewatered sludge (drying the dehydrated sludge). In this case, it is common practice to manipulate the temperature on the dewatered sludge side, the temperature on the gas side (mostly air), the humidity, and the atmospheric pressure so that the moisture of the dewatered sludge easily moves to the gas side.

機械による乾燥方式には、直接加熱乾燥と間接加熱乾燥がある。
直接加熱乾燥とは、脱水汚泥が加熱媒体と直接接して伝熱される乾燥方式であり、加熱媒体として脱水汚泥よりも温度の高い乾燥した熱風や加熱水蒸気などがあげられる。
間接加熱乾燥とは、脱水汚泥が伝熱体の伝熱面と接することで加熱媒体から間接的に伝熱される乾燥方式であり、伝熱体として金属板など、耐熱性および熱伝導性の高いものがあげられる。また加熱媒体としては蒸気を用いるのが一般的である。
何れの乾燥方式においても、乾燥効率を上げるため撹拌によって加熱媒体や伝熱面との接触機会を増やしたり、乾燥前の脱水汚泥を成形して単位重量当たりの表面積を増やしたりする。
There are direct heating drying and indirect heating drying as a drying method using a machine.
Direct heating drying is a drying method in which dehydrated sludge is transferred in direct contact with a heating medium, and examples of the heating medium include dry hot air and heated steam that are higher in temperature than dehydrated sludge.
Indirect heating drying is a drying method in which dehydrated sludge is indirectly transferred from the heating medium by contacting the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer body. The heat transfer body has high heat resistance and heat conductivity, such as a metal plate. Things can be raised. Further, steam is generally used as the heating medium.
In any drying method, in order to increase the drying efficiency, the contact with the heating medium or the heat transfer surface is increased by stirring, or the dehydrated sludge before drying is formed to increase the surface area per unit weight.

ここで脱水汚泥中の水を早く蒸発させ得るため温度を高温に上昇させた場合、脱水汚泥中に含まれる臭気成分が気体側に移動して異臭が生じたり、気体側に移動した水分に吸収されて分離した水分に異臭が生じたりする。
従来の直接加熱方式による乾燥技術は、高温(100℃以上)の熱風を用いて汚泥を乾燥していた。そのため、硫化水素、アンモニアなどの臭気成分を含む乾燥排ガスは、例えば800℃程度で数秒滞留させ、高温熱分解により脱臭されていた。
しかし、この方式の場合、与えた熱量のうち汚泥乾燥に使われる熱量(蒸発水分量×水の潜熱)の割合が低く乾燥エネルギー効率が低い。もしくは、乾燥に必要な水分の蒸発潜熱に加えて、脱臭に要する多くの熱量を顕熱として与える必要があり、乾燥エネルギー効率が低い。
Here, when the temperature is raised to a high temperature so that the water in the dewatered sludge can be evaporated quickly, the odor component contained in the dewatered sludge moves to the gas side and a strange odor is generated, or it is absorbed by the moisture moved to the gas side. Odor is generated in the separated water.
The conventional direct heating drying technology dries sludge using hot air (over 100 ° C). Therefore, dry exhaust gas containing odor components such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia has been deodorized by high-temperature thermal decomposition, for example, by staying at about 800 ° C. for several seconds.
However, in this method, the ratio of the amount of heat used for sludge drying (evaporated water amount x latent heat of water) out of the applied heat amount is low, and the drying energy efficiency is low. Alternatively, in addition to the latent heat of vaporization of water necessary for drying, it is necessary to provide a large amount of heat required for deodorization as sensible heat, and the drying energy efficiency is low.

臭気成分の脱水汚泥側から外部への移動を抑えるために低温で脱水汚泥を乾燥する技術がある。この場合、水分の蒸発が遅くなり乾燥時間が長くなるため、大量の脱水汚泥を処理するには装置の大型化か複数台の設置が必要となる。   There is a technique for drying dehydrated sludge at a low temperature in order to suppress the transfer of odor components from the dehydrated sludge side to the outside. In this case, the evaporation of moisture is slowed down and the drying time is lengthened. Therefore, in order to process a large amount of dewatered sludge, it is necessary to enlarge the apparatus or to install a plurality of devices.

低温であっても脱水汚泥の乾燥時間を短縮する方策として、脱水汚泥の単位重量当たりの表面積(比表面積)を増やして乾燥効率を高めることは有用である。再利用目的の場合、乾燥品の水分量は一定の範囲である事が求められるため、粘性の高い脱水汚泥を均一に成形する成形機が必要となる。   As a measure for shortening the drying time of the dewatered sludge even at low temperatures, it is useful to increase the drying efficiency by increasing the surface area (specific surface area) per unit weight of the dewatered sludge. In the case of reuse, since the moisture content of the dried product is required to be within a certain range, a molding machine for uniformly molding dehydrated sludge with high viscosity is required.

この様な脱水汚泥の乾燥に伴う課題について、乾燥に用いる空気を、乾燥直後の汚泥の温度より5℃低い温度以下に冷却・除湿する冷却工程と、前記冷却工程により冷却された空気を40℃以上に加熱して乾燥用空気とする加熱工程と、この乾燥用空気と乾燥する汚泥とを直接接触させて、乾燥直後の汚泥の温度が25℃〜60℃になる範囲で、前記汚泥の乾燥を行うための乾燥工程と、を有し、前記乾燥工程により温度が低下し増湿した空気を前記冷却工程で冷却・除湿することにより、加熱媒体を循環使用し汚泥を乾燥させる技術が提案されている(特許文献1)。比較的低温で汚泥を乾燥させることによって、悪臭を放つガスの発生を低減するものである。   Regarding the problems associated with drying such dewatered sludge, the cooling step of cooling and dehumidifying the air used for drying to a temperature lower than 5 ° C. below the temperature of the sludge immediately after drying, and the air cooled by the cooling step at 40 ° C. Drying of the sludge is performed in such a range that the heating step of heating to dry air and the drying air and the sludge to be dried are brought into direct contact with each other so that the temperature of the sludge immediately after drying becomes 25 ° C to 60 ° C. A technique for drying sludge using a heating medium in a circulating manner by cooling and dehumidifying the air whose temperature has been decreased and increased in the drying process in the cooling process. (Patent Document 1). By drying sludge at a relatively low temperature, the generation of odorous gases is reduced.

また、脱水汚泥の粘性に影響されにくく、汚泥の付着問題もなく、さらには圧縮ローラーで生じる異物の噛み込みという問題もないとされる脱水汚泥成形器が提案されている(特許文献2)。   In addition, a dewatered sludge molding machine has been proposed that is not easily affected by the viscosity of the dewatered sludge, has no problem with sludge adhesion, and does not have the problem of foreign matter biting caused by a compression roller (Patent Document 2).

さらに、大きな処理能力を確保して効率よく低コストで乾燥処理でき、保全に要する手間と時間を低減できる汚泥の乾燥処理装置が提案されている(特許文献3)。   Furthermore, a sludge drying treatment apparatus has been proposed that can ensure a large treatment capacity, can be efficiently dried at low cost, and can reduce the labor and time required for maintenance (Patent Document 3).

特開2001−70995号公報JP 2001-70995 A 特開2012−179591号公報JP 2012-179591 A 特開2007−105565号公報JP 2007-105565 A

本願発明者らは、本願発明に想到するに際して、少なくとも以下に記載する課題を認識していた。
特許文献1による汚泥の乾燥方法は、乾燥直後の汚泥の温度が25℃〜60℃になる範囲と比較的低温で行うため、乾燥時間が長くなる。また、乾燥する汚泥を成形して均一化するなどして乾燥品質を安定させるための方策が必要であり、設備が大型化する、汚泥成形品質の安定化が必須となる、という課題があった。
The inventors of the present application have recognized at least the following problems when conceiving the present invention.
Since the sludge drying method according to Patent Document 1 is performed at a relatively low temperature in a range where the temperature of the sludge immediately after drying is 25 ° C. to 60 ° C., the drying time becomes long. In addition, there is a problem that measures to stabilize the drying quality by shaping and homogenizing the sludge to be dried are necessary, the equipment becomes larger, and the stabilization of the sludge molding quality is essential. .

特許文献2による脱水汚泥成形器を低温乾燥に用いる場合、脱水汚泥を低温乾燥に適した小径に成形するため多孔板の孔の数を増加させる必要があり、これによって多孔板の幅が拡がる事となり、それに合わせてコンベアの幅も広げなければならなくなるという課題があった。
逆にコンベアに合わせて孔の径を決定した場合、紐状の脱水汚泥は大径となり、これを低温乾燥するためには乾燥時間を延ばす必要があり装置が大型化するという課題があった。
多孔板の幅が拡がることを抑止するために、例えば多孔板の孔をジョウロのように配設した場合や、コンベアの移送方向に向かって2段、3段に配設した場合、あるいはコンベアの幅に出口を狭めたシュートでコンベアに敷設されるようにした場合の何れにおいても、紐状の脱水汚泥はコンベア上で積み重なって配置されてしまい、加熱媒体との接触機会が不均一となり、部分的な乾燥効率の低下が生じ、これを補うため加熱媒体の循環量を増やしたり、乾燥時間を延ばしたりして脱水汚泥との接触機会を増やすなどの方策が必要となるという課題があった。この方策のため、動力の増加が生じたり装置の大型化が必要となるという課題があった。
また、孔の数が増えれば、紐状に脱水汚泥を押し出す孔に異物が絡まったり詰まったりして閉塞を起こす頻度を増大させてしまい、清掃の頻度や時間が増大し乾燥処理量が低下するという課題があった。
When the dewatered sludge molding machine according to Patent Document 2 is used for low temperature drying, it is necessary to increase the number of holes in the perforated plate in order to form the dehydrated sludge into a small diameter suitable for low temperature drying, which increases the width of the perforated plate. Therefore, there was a problem that the width of the conveyor had to be increased accordingly.
Conversely, when the diameter of the hole is determined according to the conveyor, the string-like dewatered sludge has a large diameter, and in order to dry it at a low temperature, there is a problem that the drying time needs to be extended and the apparatus becomes large.
In order to prevent the width of the perforated plate from expanding, for example, when the holes of the perforated plate are arranged like watering, when arranged in two or three steps toward the transfer direction of the conveyor, In any case where the chute with the outlet narrowed is laid on the conveyor, the string-like dewatered sludge is stacked and arranged on the conveyor, resulting in uneven contact with the heating medium, In order to compensate for this, there has been a problem that measures such as increasing the circulation amount of the heating medium or extending the drying time to increase the chance of contact with dehydrated sludge are necessary. Due to this measure, there has been a problem that an increase in power occurs or an increase in the size of the apparatus is required.
Moreover, if the number of holes increases, the frequency of causing foreign matter to get tangled or clogged in the hole that pushes the dewatered sludge in a string shape increases the frequency of cleaning and increases the frequency and time of cleaning, and the amount of drying processing decreases. There was a problem.

引用文献3による汚泥の乾燥処理装置及び乾燥処理方法は、含水汚泥を加熱ドラムの表面に付着させ、含水率が低下した汚泥をスクレーパによって加熱ドラム表面から掻き落とすように設定されており、加熱ドラム表面に接している含水汚泥は高温にさらされることから、熱による汚泥の部分的な変質および臭気の発生を抑えることができないという課題があった。   The sludge drying treatment apparatus and the drying treatment method according to the cited document 3 are set so that the water-containing sludge adheres to the surface of the heating drum, and the sludge having a reduced water content is scraped off from the surface of the heating drum by a scraper. Since the water-containing sludge in contact with the surface is exposed to a high temperature, there has been a problem that partial alteration of the sludge due to heat and generation of odor cannot be suppressed.

本発明は、上述のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、汚泥の変質や臭気発生を抑制するために低温で乾燥する場合においても、汚泥を効率よく乾燥し、かつ安定した品質の乾燥物を得ることのできる除湿乾燥機を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. Even when drying at a low temperature in order to suppress sludge alteration and odor generation, the sludge is efficiently dried and stable quality is achieved. An object of the present invention is to provide a dehumidifying dryer capable of obtaining a dried product.

(構成1)
被乾燥物を筒状に整形する整形器および前記筒状に整形された被乾燥物を切離す切断機を有する成形部と、無端ネットを備え、前記成形部から被乾燥物を受入れて水平方向へ移送する無端ネットコンベア、空気の湿度を除去する除湿器、前記除湿器で除湿された空気を温水で昇温する加熱器および前記無端ネットコンベアを覆う覆蓋、を有する乾燥部と、を備えた除湿乾燥装置。
(Configuration 1)
A molding part having a shaping device for shaping the object to be dried into a cylinder and a cutting machine for separating the object to be dried shaped into the cylinder, and an endless net, and receiving the object to be dried from the molding part in the horizontal direction An endless net conveyor for transporting to the air, a dehumidifier for removing the humidity of the air, a heater for raising the temperature of the air dehumidified by the dehumidifier with hot water, and a cover for covering the endless net conveyor. Dehumidifying and drying equipment.

(構成2)
前記整形器は、受入口と、該受入口より大径の送出口を有する筒状の外胴と、前記外胴の内部に、頂点を前記受入口側に底面を前記送出口側に向けて配設された錐体と、を備え、
前記切断機は、前記整形器から押し出された被乾燥物を切離す切断部、および前記切離された被乾燥物を前記整形器から押し出された被乾燥物から剥離させる案内面を備えた一つ以上の切断刃と、前記切断刃を前記送出口に沿って移動させる駆動装置と、を備えることを特徴とする構成1に記載の除湿乾燥装置。
(Configuration 2)
The shaper includes a receiving port, a cylindrical outer cylinder having a delivery port larger in diameter than the receiving port, the inside of the outer cylinder, with the apex facing the receiving port side and the bottom surface facing the sending port side. Arranged cones, and
The cutting machine is provided with a cutting section for separating the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device, and a guide surface for separating the object to be separated separated from the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device. The dehumidifying and drying apparatus according to Configuration 1, comprising at least one cutting blade and a driving device that moves the cutting blade along the delivery port.

(構成3)
前記成形部が、前記成形された被乾燥物を散布する散布機を備えることを特徴とする構成1又は2に記載の除湿乾燥装置。
(Configuration 3)
The dehumidifying and drying apparatus according to Configuration 1 or 2, wherein the molding unit includes a spreader that sprays the molded object to be dried.

本発明の除湿乾燥装置によれば、被乾燥物の変質や臭気発生を抑制するために低温で乾燥する場合においても、被乾燥物を効率よく乾燥し、かつ安定した品質の乾燥物を得ることができる。   According to the dehumidifying and drying apparatus of the present invention, even when drying at a low temperature in order to suppress deterioration and odor generation of the object to be dried, the object to be dried can be efficiently dried and a stable quality dried object can be obtained. Can do.

本発明に係る実施形態の除湿乾燥装置を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the dehumidification drying apparatus of embodiment which concerns on this invention. 実施形態の除湿乾燥装置における成形機を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the molding machine in the dehumidification drying apparatus of embodiment. 実施形態の除湿乾燥装置における散布機を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the spreader in the dehumidification drying apparatus of embodiment. 実施形態の除湿乾燥装置の概略全体構成図である。It is a schematic whole block diagram of the dehumidification drying apparatus of embodiment. 乾燥の基本機構原理を示したものである。The basic mechanism principle of drying is shown. 含水率と乾燥の速度の関係と三期間を示したものである。The relationship between the moisture content and the drying speed and the three periods are shown.

以下、本発明の実施態様について、図面を参照しながら具体的に説明する。なお、以下の実施態様は、本発明を具体化する際の一形態であって、本発明をその範囲内に限定するものではない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the following embodiment is one form at the time of actualizing this invention, Comprising: This invention is not limited within the range.

図1は、図4に示す本発明に係る実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1を示す部分断面図である。
本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1は、被乾燥物Kを略円筒状に整形する整形器21および略円筒状に整形された被乾燥物Kを切離す切断機22からなる成形部2と、無端ネット311を備え、成形部2から被乾燥物Kを受入れて水平方向へ移送する無端ネットコンベア31、空気の湿度を除去する除湿器32、除湿器32で除湿された空気を温水で昇温する加熱器33並びに、無端ネットコンベア31、除湿器32および加熱器33を覆う覆蓋34、からなる乾燥部3で構成されている。
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
The dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a shaping unit 2 that includes a shaper 21 that shapes an object to be dried K into a substantially cylindrical shape, and a cutting machine 22 that separates the object to be dried K that is shaped into a substantially cylindrical shape. An endless net conveyor 31 that includes a net 311 and receives the material to be dried K from the molding unit 2 and transports it in the horizontal direction, a dehumidifier 32 that removes the humidity of the air, and warms the air dehumidified by the dehumidifier 32 with hot water The drying unit 3 includes a heater 33 and an endless net conveyor 31, a dehumidifier 32, and a cover 34 that covers the heater 33.

まず、被乾燥物Kの動きについて説明する。本実施形態によれば、被乾燥物Kは成形部2の整形器21に、例えば圧送ポンプにより供給されて略円筒状に整形される。整形器21によって略円筒状に整形された被乾燥物Kは、切断機22によって切断され、均一な厚さに成形されて無端ネットコンベア31に配設された最上段の無端ネット311aの受入側311ac上に敷き詰められる。   First, the movement of the material to be dried K will be described. According to this embodiment, the to-be-dried object K is supplied to the shaping device 21 of the shaping | molding part 2, for example with a pressure pump, and is shaped in a substantially cylindrical shape. The to-be-dried object K shaped into a substantially cylindrical shape by the shaper 21 is cut by the cutting machine 22, formed into a uniform thickness, and received on the endless net conveyor 311 a at the uppermost stage disposed on the endless net conveyor 31. It is spread on 311ac.

無端ネット311aの受入側311ac上に敷き詰められた被乾燥物Kは、無端ネット311aの受渡側311af方向に移送され、無端ネット311bの受入側311bcに敷き詰められる。無端ネット311bの受入側311bcに敷き詰められた被乾燥物Kは無端ネット311bの受渡側311bf方向に移送され、無端ネット311cの受入側311ccに敷き詰められる。無端ネット311cの受入側311ccに敷き詰められた被乾燥物Kは無端ネット311cの受渡側311cf方向に移送され、受渡側311cfより落下して排出口346より排出されて乾燥物Pが得られる。   The material to be dried K spread on the receiving side 311ac of the endless net 311a is transferred in the direction of the delivery side 311af of the endless net 311a, and is spread on the receiving side 311bc of the endless net 311b. The material to be dried K spread on the receiving side 311bc of the endless net 311b is transferred in the direction of the delivery side 311bf of the endless net 311b and spread on the receiving side 311cc of the endless net 311c. The to-be-dried material K laid on the receiving side 311cc of the endless net 311c is transferred in the direction of the delivery side 311cf of the endless net 311c, falls from the delivery side 311cf, and is discharged from the discharge port 346 to obtain a dry matter P.

無端ネット311(各無端ネット311a〜c)は、成形された被乾燥物Kが通り抜けない寸法の網からできており、少なくとも1対の円筒状の回転体312によって、いわゆるベルトコンベア状で水平に配設されている。少なくとも1つの回転体312は、駆動機(図示せず)によって回転し、無端ネット311を一定の速度で一方向に移送する。   The endless nets 311 (each endless net 311a to c) are made of a net having a size that does not allow the molded object K to pass through. The endless nets 311a to c are horizontally arranged in a so-called belt conveyor shape by at least one pair of cylindrical rotating bodies 312. It is arranged. The at least one rotating body 312 is rotated by a driving machine (not shown), and transports the endless net 311 in one direction at a constant speed.

次に、被乾燥物Kの乾燥について説明する。
図5は乾燥の基本機構原理を示したものである。乾燥にはA:材料予熱期間、B:定率乾燥期間およびC:減率乾燥期間の三期間がある。A:材料予熱期間は、材料が加熱される期間であり、乾燥は少し進行する。B:定率乾燥期間は、材料温度が一定のまま、材料に流入する熱量のすべてが水分蒸発に費やされる。この期間は表面に自由水が存在し、蒸発する限り存続する。C:減率乾燥期間は、水分の蒸発割合が小さくなり、含水率が平衡に達するまでの期間である。
Next, the drying of the material to be dried K will be described.
FIG. 5 shows the basic mechanism principle of drying. There are three periods of drying: A: material preheating period, B: constant rate drying period, and C: reduced rate drying period. A: The material preheating period is a period during which the material is heated, and drying proceeds slightly. B: During the constant rate drying period, all of the amount of heat flowing into the material is spent on moisture evaporation while the material temperature remains constant. This period lasts as long as free water exists on the surface and evaporates. C: The decreasing rate drying period is a period until the water evaporation rate decreases and the water content reaches equilibrium.

図6は含水率と乾燥の速度の関係と三期間(A:材料予熱期間、B:定率乾燥期間、C:減率乾燥期間)を示したものである。材料予熱期間から定率乾燥期間までは乾燥速度が速い状態で保たれている一方、減率乾燥期間では含水率が低下するにしたがって乾燥速度も低下することがわかる。   FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the moisture content and the drying speed and three periods (A: material preheating period, B: constant rate drying period, C: reduced rate drying period). It can be seen that from the material preheating period to the constant rate drying period, the drying rate is kept high, while in the reduced rate drying period, the drying rate decreases as the moisture content decreases.

除湿乾燥装置1において、無端ネット311a上の被乾燥物Kは、循環機341a,bによって循環送風される空気(被乾燥物Kを加熱・乾燥させる加熱媒体)と接触する。当該循環送風される空気は、除湿器32によって除湿され、温水を熱源とする加熱器33によって加熱され、送風機331によって乾燥部3に送り込まれ、乾燥部3内の空気を循環させる循環機341a,bによって循環撹拌されて乾燥部3内で均一に保たれる。   In the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1, the material to be dried K on the endless net 311a is in contact with the air circulated by the circulators 341a and 341b (a heating medium for heating and drying the material to be dried K). The circulating air is dehumidified by the dehumidifier 32, heated by the heater 33 using hot water as a heat source, sent to the drying unit 3 by the blower 331, and a circulator 341a for circulating the air in the drying unit 3. It is circulated and stirred by b and kept uniform in the drying section 3.

成形部2で成形され、無端ネット311a上に敷き詰められた直後の被乾燥物Kは、品温が低く含水率が高い状態にあり、乾燥部3内の空気との温度差が大きくなっている。被乾燥物Kは乾燥部3内の空気と接触することで加熱されるが、厚みが均一に成形された被乾燥物Kの温度が均一に加熱され、一定になるまで乾燥はあまり進まない(材料予熱期間)。   Immediately after being molded by the molding unit 2 and laid on the endless net 311a, the material to be dried K has a low product temperature and a high moisture content, and the temperature difference from the air in the drying unit 3 is large. . The object to be dried K is heated by contact with the air in the drying unit 3, but the temperature of the object to be dried K having a uniform thickness is heated uniformly, and drying does not proceed so much until it becomes constant ( Material preheating period).

この様に材料予熱期間では、被乾燥物Kは少なくとも表面が乾燥するまで無端ネット311a上に留めておくことが望ましい。   Thus, in the material preheating period, it is desirable to keep the material K to be dried on the endless net 311a until at least the surface is dried.

品温が一定となり、被乾燥物Kに流入する熱がすべて水分蒸発に費やされるようになると、乾燥速度、つまり被乾燥物Kから水分が放散する速度が最も早くなる。この際、本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1では、後に説明するように、成形部2によって被乾燥物Kの厚みが均一に成形されており、従って、被乾燥物Kの水分蒸発(乾燥)も均一に、効率よく進んでいく。従って、低温乾燥においても、良好な乾燥物Pを得ることができる。
なお、乾燥速度は、加熱媒体である空気の温度や流速のコントロールや加熱時間のコントロールの他、被乾燥物Kの敷設間隔によってもコントロールすることができる。乾燥速度を高める場合には、被乾燥物Kの敷設間隔をより広くするとよい。具体的な条件は、被乾燥物Kの状態や、得るべき乾燥物Pの条件(目的とする水分量)などに応じて適宜設定される。なお、被乾燥物Kの敷設間隔のコントロールは、被乾燥物Kの供給量や無端ネットコンベア31の移送速度等によってコントロールすることができる。
When the product temperature becomes constant and all the heat flowing into the object to be dried K is consumed for moisture evaporation, the drying speed, that is, the speed at which moisture is dissipated from the object to be dried K becomes the fastest. At this time, in the dehumidifying / drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, as will be described later, the thickness of the object to be dried K is uniformly formed by the forming unit 2, and therefore, moisture evaporation (drying) of the object to be dried K is also performed. Progress evenly and efficiently. Therefore, a good dried product P can be obtained even at low temperature drying.
The drying speed can be controlled not only by controlling the temperature and flow rate of air as a heating medium, and by controlling the heating time, but also by the laying interval of the material to be dried K. In order to increase the drying speed, the laying interval of the material to be dried K should be wider. Specific conditions are appropriately set according to the state of the material to be dried K, the conditions of the dried material P to be obtained (target moisture content), and the like. The laying interval of the material to be dried K can be controlled by the supply amount of the material to be dried K, the transfer speed of the endless net conveyor 31, and the like.

被乾燥物Kは、成形部2によって厚みが均一に成形されることにより無端ネット上に平置きで敷き詰めることが容易となり、定率乾燥期間以降、乾燥速度の低下を被乾燥物Kの比表面積を広げることで補う必要が無くなり、減率乾燥期間にある状態でも効率よく乾燥されるため、乾燥品質が均一化されるように乾燥時間を長く取る必要がなくなる。乾燥が完了した被乾燥物Kは、排出口346によって外部に排出される。   The to-be-dried object K can be easily laid flat on the endless net by being uniformly formed by the molding unit 2, and the specific surface area of the to-be-dried object K is reduced after the constant rate drying period. There is no need to compensate by spreading, and it is efficiently dried even in a reduced-rate drying period, so there is no need to take a long drying time so that the drying quality is uniform. The object to be dried K that has been dried is discharged to the outside through the discharge port 346.

次に成形部2による被乾燥物Kの成形について説明する。
図2は図4に示す本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1における成形部2を示す図である。
成形部2は、整形器21と切断機22から構成されている。
整形器21は、受入口213と、受入口213より大径の送出口214を有する筒状の外胴211と、外胴211の内部に、頂点を受入口213側に底面を送出口214側に向けて配設された円錐体212とを備えている。円錐体212の底面は送出口214側の外胴211の縁と同一面か送出側に突出する様に配設され、かつ円錐体212の頂点から底面までの垂線は外胴211の送出方向に対して垂直の断面の中心軸と同様になるよう配設されている。
切断機22は、整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物を切り離す切断部221aおよび切断部221aによって切り離された被乾燥物を整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物から剥離させる案内面221bを備えた切断刃221と、切断刃221を駆動装置222の回転軸223に連結する切断刃固定部材224と、送出口214の中心を軸として回転軸223を回転させる駆動装置222とを備えている。
なお、本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1では、円錐体212の軸は、回転軸223と同軸上に配されており、円錐体212は、回転軸223に対して回転自在に取り付けられている。円錐体212が回転軸223に対して回転自在であることにより、運転時に円錐体212は停止した状態となるものであるが、円錐体212が回転するもの(円錐体212が回転軸223に固定的に取り付けられるもの)であっても構わない。また、後述のように、被乾燥物Kの厚さを調節させるための機構として、円錐体212を切断機22の回転軸223の方向に移動させるための機構を備えさせるものであってもよい。
Next, the shaping | molding of the to-be-dried material K by the shaping | molding part 2 is demonstrated.
FIG. 2 is a view showing the molding unit 2 in the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG.
The molding unit 2 includes a shaper 21 and a cutting machine 22.
The shaping device 21 includes a receiving port 213, a cylindrical outer body 211 having a delivery port 214 having a diameter larger than that of the receiving port 213, and an inside of the outer body 211, with a vertex on the receiving port 213 side and a bottom surface on the sending port 214 side And a conical body 212 disposed toward the head. The bottom surface of the cone body 212 is disposed so as to protrude from the same surface as the edge of the outer cylinder 211 on the delivery port 214 side or to the delivery side, and the perpendicular line from the apex to the bottom surface of the cone body 212 extends in the delivery direction of the outer cylinder 211. On the other hand, it is arranged so as to be the same as the central axis of the vertical section.
The cutting machine 22 includes a cutting unit 221 a that cuts off the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device 21, and a guide surface 221 b that peels off the material to be dried cut off by the cutting unit 221 a from the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device 21. The cutting blade 221, the cutting blade fixing member 224 that connects the cutting blade 221 to the rotating shaft 223 of the driving device 222, and the driving device 222 that rotates the rotating shaft 223 around the center of the delivery port 214.
In the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 of this embodiment, the shaft of the cone 212 is arranged coaxially with the rotation shaft 223, and the cone 212 is rotatably attached to the rotation shaft 223. Since the cone 212 is rotatable with respect to the rotation shaft 223, the cone 212 is stopped during operation, but the cone 212 is rotated (the cone 212 is fixed to the rotation shaft 223). May be attached). Further, as will be described later, a mechanism for moving the cone 212 in the direction of the rotating shaft 223 of the cutting machine 22 may be provided as a mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the material to be dried K. .

被乾燥物Kが受入口213から外胴211内に圧入されると円錐体212の頂点から側面および外胴の内壁部分に挟まれる形で送出口214方向に移送される。このように受入口213では移送方向に対して垂直の断面が円形で移送された被乾燥物Kは、円錐体212によって整形器21内において断面が輪環状となり、徐々にその幅(厚さ)が狭められる。被乾燥物Kが送出口214より送出されると、その形状は厚さの均一な略円筒状となる。これを輪環状の送出口214に沿って切断刃221を移動させて切断部221aで切断する。本実施形態では切断刃221四枚を円形の切断刃固定部材224に90度間隔で固定し、これを駆動装置222の回転軸223に連結して回転させることで切断刃221を送出口214に沿って移動させている。
なお、実施形態では切断刃221を4枚設けているが、切断刃221の枚数は、送出口214の大きさや、被乾燥物Kの厚さ(送出口214と円錐体212の隙間)、被乾燥物Kの状態や供給量等に応じて適宜設定すればよい(少なくとも1つ以上備えられればよい)。
When the material to be dried K is press-fitted into the outer cylinder 211 from the receiving port 213, it is transferred in the direction from the apex of the cone 212 to the side surface and the inner wall portion of the outer cylinder toward the delivery port 214. As described above, the material to be dried K transferred in a circular shape in the cross section perpendicular to the transfer direction at the receiving port 213 becomes an annular shape in the shaper 21 by the cone 212, and gradually its width (thickness). Is narrowed. When the material to be dried K is delivered from the delivery port 214, the shape thereof becomes a substantially cylindrical shape with a uniform thickness. The cutting blade 221 is moved along the annular delivery port 214 and cut by the cutting portion 221a. In this embodiment, four cutting blades 221 are fixed to a circular cutting blade fixing member 224 at intervals of 90 degrees, and this is connected to the rotation shaft 223 of the driving device 222 to rotate, thereby cutting the cutting blade 221 to the delivery port 214. Is moving along.
In the embodiment, four cutting blades 221 are provided. However, the number of cutting blades 221 depends on the size of the outlet 214, the thickness of the material K to be dried (the gap between the outlet 214 and the cone 212), What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the state of the dry matter K, supply amount, etc. (at least 1 or more should just be provided).

切断刃221の切断部221aで切断された被乾燥物Kは、送出口214から連続して押し出されてくる被乾燥物Kと接触しないよう配設された案内面221bに沿って押し出され、厚さの均一な被乾燥物Kに成形される。即ち、切断部221aは、被乾燥物Kの厚さ(送出口214と円錐体212の隙間)に対応した寸法の刃部を有しており、案内面221bは、切断部221aから連続的に湾曲(送出口214から離れるように湾曲)するように形成され、これにより、被乾燥物Kの剥離が促進され、均一な厚さの被乾燥物Kが剥がれ落ちていくものである。   The to-be-dried object K cut | disconnected by the cutting part 221a of the cutting blade 221 is extruded along the guide surface 221b arrange | positioned so that it may not contact with the to-be-dried object K continuously extruded from the delivery port 214, and thickness It is formed into a uniform dried material K. That is, the cutting portion 221a has a blade portion having a size corresponding to the thickness of the object K to be dried (the gap between the delivery port 214 and the cone 212), and the guide surface 221b is continuously formed from the cutting portion 221a. It is formed so as to be curved (curved away from the delivery port 214), whereby the peeling of the material to be dried K is promoted, and the material to be dried K having a uniform thickness is peeled off.

被乾燥物Kの厚さは、円錐体212を切断機22の回転軸223上を移動させることにより調整することができる。円錐体212を切断機22方向に移動させると、外胴211と円錐体212との間隔が広くなり、厚みの増した略円筒状の被乾燥物Kを得ることができる。逆に円錐体212を受入口213方向に移動させると、外胴211と円錐体212との間隔が狭くなり、厚みの減じた略円筒状の被乾燥物Kを得ることができる。   The thickness of the material to be dried K can be adjusted by moving the cone 212 on the rotating shaft 223 of the cutting machine 22. When the cone 212 is moved in the direction of the cutting machine 22, the space between the outer body 211 and the cone 212 is widened, and a substantially cylindrical object to be dried K having an increased thickness can be obtained. On the contrary, when the cone 212 is moved in the direction of the receiving port 213, the interval between the outer body 211 and the cone 212 is narrowed, and a substantially cylindrical object to be dried K having a reduced thickness can be obtained.

次に、成形部2が成形された被乾燥物Kを無端ネット311aの幅方向に散布するための、散布機23について説明する。
図3は図4に示す本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1における散布機23を示す図である。
散布機23は成形部2と被乾燥物K移送管4を繋ぐ供給管230と、供給管230に水平方向の動きを伝える連接棒231と、連接棒231の一端に円運動を伝える卵形カム232と、卵形カム232を回転させる卵形カム駆動装置233から構成されている。
Next, the spreader 23 for spreading the to-be-dried object K in which the shaping | molding part 2 was shape | molded to the width direction of the endless net 311a is demonstrated.
FIG. 3 is a view showing the spreader 23 in the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG.
The spreader 23 includes a supply pipe 230 that connects the molding unit 2 and the material to be dried K transfer pipe 4, a connecting rod 231 that transmits horizontal movement to the supply pipe 230, and an egg-shaped cam that transmits circular motion to one end of the connecting rod 231. 232 and an egg-shaped cam driving device 233 that rotates the egg-shaped cam 232.

供給管230はL字型をした管であり、一端は成形部2が取り付けられ、もう一端は回転継手234を介して被乾燥物K移送管4に接続されている。連接棒231は一端が水平方向に運動可能な形で供給管230に回転可能に取り付けられ、もう一端が水平方向に回転するよう配設された卵形カムの尖端に水平方向に運動可能な形で回転可能に取り付けられている。   The supply pipe 230 is an L-shaped pipe. One end of the supply pipe 230 is attached to the molding unit 2, and the other end is connected to the dry matter K transfer pipe 4 via the rotary joint 234. One end of the connecting rod 231 is rotatably attached to the supply pipe 230 in such a manner that it can move in the horizontal direction, and the other end of the connecting rod 231 can be moved in the horizontal direction at the tip of an egg-shaped cam arranged to rotate in the horizontal direction. It is attached to be rotatable.

成形部2は、連接棒231から供給管230に伝わる卵形カム232の水平方向の円運動によって生じる水平方向の往復運動により、無端ネット311aの短手方向に往復運動する。このため成形した被乾燥物Kを無端ネット311a上に万遍なく散布でき、被乾燥物Kを均一な状態で乾燥することができるようになる。散布機23による散布は、特に無端ネット311の幅が広い場合において効果的である。   The molding unit 2 reciprocates in the short direction of the endless net 311a by the horizontal reciprocation of the oval cam 232 transmitted from the connecting rod 231 to the supply pipe 230 in the horizontal direction. For this reason, the to-be-dried material K can be uniformly distributed on the endless net 311a, and the to-be-dried material K can be dried in a uniform state. Spreading by the spreader 23 is particularly effective when the endless net 311 is wide.

以上のごとく、本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1によれば、被乾燥物Kを略円筒状に整形する整形器21および略円筒状に整形された被乾燥物Kを切離す切断機22からなる成形部2と、無端ネット311を備え、成形部2から被乾燥物Kを受入れて水平方向へ移動する無端ネットコンベア31、空気の湿度を除去する除湿器32、除湿器32で除湿された空気を温水で昇温する加熱器33、並びに、無端ネットコンベア31、除湿器32および加熱器33を覆う覆蓋34、からなる乾燥部3と、を備えたことにより、以下のような優れた効果を奏することができる。
整形器21と切断機22からなる成形部2によって被乾燥物Kを成形することにより、成形された被乾燥物Kの厚みが均一となる。また、無端ネットコンベア31上に重なることなく敷設される。このため温水で昇温された比較的低温な空気による乾燥においても被乾燥物Kの乾燥が均一に行なえるようになり、目的とする水分量の乾燥物Pが設定した乾燥時間内で安定して得られるようになる。
As described above, according to the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the shaping device 21 that shapes the material to be dried K into a substantially cylindrical shape and the cutting machine 22 that separates the material K to be dried shaped into a substantially cylindrical shape. An endless net conveyor 31 that includes a molding unit 2 and an endless net 311 and receives the material to be dried K from the molding unit 2 and moves in the horizontal direction, a dehumidifier 32 that removes air humidity, and air that has been dehumidified by the dehumidifier 32 Provided with the heater 33 for raising the temperature with hot water, and the drying section 3 comprising the endless net conveyor 31, the dehumidifier 32 and the cover 34 covering the heater 33, the following excellent effects are provided: Can play.
By molding the article to be dried K by the molding unit 2 including the shaping device 21 and the cutting machine 22, the thickness of the molded article K to be dried becomes uniform. Moreover, it is laid without overlapping on the endless net conveyor 31. For this reason, even when drying with relatively low temperature air heated by warm water, the material to be dried K can be uniformly dried, and the dry matter P having the target moisture content is stable within the set drying time. Will be obtained.

無端ネットコンベア31によって被乾燥物Kを水平方向へ移送することにより、成形部2で厚みが均一に成形された被乾燥物Kに対してかかる外力を低減し、成形された被乾燥物Kの解砕が抑えられるようになる。このため、被乾燥物Kの解砕に伴い発生する被乾燥物Kの小片が乾燥して粉じんとなり、除湿器32や加熱器33への付着による効率低下を防止できる。   By transferring the material to be dried K in the horizontal direction by the endless net conveyor 31, the external force applied to the material to be dried K having a uniform thickness formed by the molding unit 2 is reduced. Crushing can be suppressed. For this reason, the small piece of the to-be-dried material K which generate | occur | produces with the crushing of the to-be-dried material K dries and becomes dust, and the efficiency fall by adhesion to the dehumidifier 32 or the heater 33 can be prevented.

覆蓋34によって無端ネットコンベア31、除湿器32および加熱器33を覆うことにより、被乾燥物Kを外部から独立した環境下で乾燥することができる。このため乾燥部3内の温度、湿度および空気の流れを任意に制御することができるようになり、被乾燥物Kを目的の水分量まで所定の乾燥時間内で乾燥することができる。また、少なからず発生する被乾燥物Kからの臭気を外部に拡散することを防止できる。なお、本実施形態では、覆蓋34によって、無端ネットコンベア31、除湿器32および加熱器33が覆われているものと例としたが、本発明をこれに限るものではなく、それぞれ個別の覆蓋を備えるもの等であってよい(乾燥部を外部から独立した環境下とし得るものであればよい)。   By covering the endless net conveyor 31, the dehumidifier 32, and the heater 33 with the cover 34, the material K to be dried can be dried in an environment independent from the outside. For this reason, the temperature, humidity, and air flow in the drying unit 3 can be arbitrarily controlled, and the material to be dried K can be dried within a predetermined drying time up to the target moisture content. In addition, it is possible to prevent the odor from the material to be dried K that is generated in a considerable amount from being diffused outside. In the present embodiment, the endless net conveyor 31, the dehumidifier 32, and the heater 33 are covered with the cover 34, but the present invention is not limited to this. It may be provided, etc. (As long as the drying section can be in an environment independent from the outside).

除湿器32によって乾燥部3内の空気の湿度を除去することにより、湿度の低くなった空気を再度乾燥部3内に供給することができる。このため、乾燥部3内の空気の湿度が低下し、被乾燥物Kの水分が乾燥部3内の空気に移動しやすくなり、被乾燥物Kの乾燥が進むようになる。また、乾燥部3内の臭気の一部が除湿によって取り除かれるようになる。さらに、乾燥部3内の空気を循環利用することができるようになる事で、臭気を除去する目的で乾燥部3内から引抜く空気の量を任意にすることができるようになる。このため引抜く空気の量を脱臭施設の処理能力に合わせることができる。   By removing the humidity of the air in the drying unit 3 by the dehumidifier 32, the air having a low humidity can be supplied into the drying unit 3 again. For this reason, the humidity of the air in the drying part 3 falls, the water | moisture content of the to-be-dried material K becomes easy to move to the air in the drying part 3, and drying of the to-be-dried material K advances. Moreover, a part of odor in the drying part 3 comes to be removed by dehumidification. Furthermore, since the air in the drying unit 3 can be circulated and used, the amount of air drawn from the drying unit 3 can be made arbitrary for the purpose of removing odors. For this reason, the amount of air extracted can be matched with the processing capacity of the deodorizing facility.

除湿器32によって除湿された空気を、温水を熱源とする加熱器33で昇温することにより、乾燥に必要な熱量を乾燥部3内に供給することができる。このため、乾燥部3内の空気の温度が安定し、被乾燥物Kが加温されて被乾燥物Kの水分が乾燥部3内の空気に移動しやすくなり、被乾燥物Kの乾燥が進むようになる。   By raising the temperature of the air dehumidified by the dehumidifier 32 with a heater 33 using hot water as a heat source, the amount of heat necessary for drying can be supplied into the drying unit 3. For this reason, the temperature of the air in the drying part 3 is stabilized, the to-be-dried object K is heated, the water | moisture content of the to-be-dried object K becomes easy to move to the air in the drying part 3, and drying of the to-be-dried object K is carried out. Come on.

温水を熱源とするため、乾燥部3内の温度は被乾燥物Kの臭気成分を揮散させるほど高くならない。このため、脱臭施設への負荷を軽減できると共に腐食等設備の劣化を防止できる。   Since warm water is used as a heat source, the temperature in the drying section 3 does not become so high that the odor component of the material to be dried K is volatilized. For this reason, the load on the deodorizing facility can be reduced and the deterioration of the equipment such as corrosion can be prevented.

温水を熱源とするため、発電機、焼却炉や工場などの廃熱のほか、太陽熱温水器などの再生可能エネルギーを、温水を作る熱源として利用することができる。   Since hot water is used as a heat source, in addition to waste heat from generators, incinerators and factories, renewable energy such as solar water heaters can be used as a heat source for producing hot water.

本実施形態の成形部2によれば、整形器21を、受入口213と、該受入口より大径の送出口214を有する外胴211と、外胴211の内部に、頂点を受入口213側に底面を送出口214側に向けて配設された円錐体212とし、かつ切断機22を、整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物Kを切離す切断部221a、および切離された被乾燥物Kを整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物Kから回避させる案内面221bを備えた一つ以上の切断刃221と前記切断刃221を外胴211の送出方向に対して垂直の断面の中心を軸として回転させる駆動装置222としたことにより、次のような優れた作用効果を奏する。
外胴211と円錐体212との隙間が受入口213から送出口214に向かって徐々に狭まる構成としたため、被乾燥物Kが外胴211内に滞る領域、いわゆる死領域を生じることが無くなる。このため被乾燥物Kや被乾燥物K中に混入する異物の死領域付近への堆積に起因する整形器21の閉塞を防ぐことができる。従来の成型器(例えば特許文献2の脱水汚泥形成器)では、仕切り板やこれに設けた穴等によって汚泥(被乾燥物)を成型するものであるため、穴付きの仕切り板等によって生じる死領域により、汚泥の詰まり等が生じ易いものであったが、本実施形態の除湿乾燥装置1によれば、円錐体212が中心部に配された外胴211によって成形部2が構成され、仕切り板等の詰まりの原因となる箇所が可及的に排除されており、且つ、汚泥(被乾燥物)の整形時に圧力が均等にかかるため、詰まり等の問題が生じることが抑止されるものである。
According to the molding unit 2 of the present embodiment, the shaper 21 includes the receiving port 213, the outer body 211 having the delivery port 214 having a diameter larger than the receiving port, and the apex of the receiving port 213 inside the outer body 211. The cone 212 is disposed with the bottom surface facing the delivery port 214 side, and the cutting machine 22 includes a cutting portion 221a for cutting the material K to be dried pushed out from the shaper 21, and the cut object One or more cutting blades 221 provided with a guide surface 221b for avoiding the dried material K from the material to be dried K extruded from the shaping device 21 and the cutting blade 221 having a cross section perpendicular to the delivery direction of the outer drum 211. By using the driving device 222 that rotates around the center, the following excellent effects can be obtained.
Since the gap between the outer cylinder 211 and the cone 212 is gradually narrowed from the receiving port 213 toward the outlet port 214, a region in which the material to be dried K stays in the outer drum 211, that is, a so-called dead region is eliminated. For this reason, obstruction | occlusion of the shaping device 21 resulting from accumulation to the to-be-dried area | region vicinity of the to-be-dried material K and the to-be-dried material K can be prevented. In a conventional molding machine (for example, a dewatered sludge former of Patent Document 2), sludge (substance to be dried) is molded by a partition plate or a hole provided in the partition plate. Although sludge clogging is likely to occur depending on the region, according to the dehumidifying and drying apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the molded part 2 is constituted by the outer drum 211 in which the cone 212 is arranged at the center, and the partition The location that causes clogging of the plates, etc. is eliminated as much as possible, and the pressure is evenly applied when shaping the sludge (to-be-dried), so that problems such as clogging are prevented. is there.

送出口214は外胴211の内壁と円錐体212の底辺によって輪環状となるため、被乾燥物Kを厚みが均一な略円筒状に押し出すことができる。これを切断刃221で切り落とすことによって厚みが均一に成形された被乾燥物Kを容易に安定して得ることができる。   Since the delivery port 214 has an annular shape due to the inner wall of the outer body 211 and the bottom side of the cone 212, the material to be dried K can be extruded into a substantially cylindrical shape with a uniform thickness. By cutting this off with the cutting blade 221, the material to be dried K having a uniform thickness can be obtained easily and stably.

被乾燥物Kを略円筒状に押し出すことにより、被乾燥物Kを、成形部2で成形した場合の被乾燥物Kの厚みと同様の厚みに成形する直線状のスリットを備えた成形装置の幅と比較して、成形部2の幅は1/3以下となり、成形装置の幅による無端ネットコンベア31幅の制限を低減することができる。
切断刃221に整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物Kを切離す切断部221a、および切離された被乾燥物Kを整形器21から押し出された被乾燥物Kから剥離させる案内面221bを備えたことによって、切断した被乾燥物Kが整形器21から押し出されてくる被乾燥物Kに接触して変形したり、被乾燥物K同士が付着して変形したり、あるいは無端ネット311a上で重なったりすることを防ぐことができる。無端ネット311a以降の無端ネット311上でも無端ネット311a上の被乾燥物Kの敷設とほぼ同様となるため厚みが均一に成形された被乾燥物Kを安定して無端ネットコンベア31上に敷設することができる。
A molding apparatus provided with a linear slit for molding the material to be dried K to a thickness similar to the thickness of the material to be dried K when the material to be dried K is molded by the molding unit 2 by extruding the material to be dried K into a substantially cylindrical shape. Compared with the width, the width of the molding part 2 is 1/3 or less, and the limitation of the width of the endless net conveyor 31 due to the width of the molding apparatus can be reduced.
A cutting portion 221a for separating the material to be dried K pushed out from the shaping device 21 by the cutting blade 221 and a guide surface 221b for separating the material to be dried K separated from the material to be dried K pushed out from the shaping device 21 are provided. By providing, the to-be-dried material K cut | disconnected by contacting with the to-be-dried material K extruded from the shaper 21, or the to-be-dried materials K adheres and deform | transforms, or on the endless net 311a. Can be prevented from overlapping. Even on the endless net 311 after the endless net 311a, it is almost the same as the laying of the material K to be dried on the endless net 311a. Therefore, the material K having a uniform thickness is stably laid on the endless net conveyor 31. be able to.

成形部2が、成形された被乾燥物Kを散布する散布機23を備えることによって、成形部2の幅が無端ネット311aより狭い場合でも、無端ネット311a上に被乾燥物Kを均一に敷設することができる。このため、幅の広い無端ネット311aの上面を余すことなく乾燥に利用でき、乾燥処理量を最適化することができる。また、無端ネットコンベア31上の被乾燥物Kは均一に乾燥部3内の空気に曝されるようになり、乾燥物Pの品質が安定する。   Since the molding unit 2 includes the spreader 23 that sprays the molded object K to be dried, even if the molding part 2 is narrower than the endless net 311a, the object K to be dried is uniformly laid on the endless net 311a. can do. For this reason, the upper surface of the wide endless net 311a can be used for drying without leaving an excess, and the amount of drying treatment can be optimized. Moreover, the to-be-dried material K on the endless net conveyor 31 comes to be exposed to the air in the drying unit 3 uniformly, and the quality of the dried material P is stabilized.

なお、本実施形態では、整形器として、被乾燥物を略円筒状に整形するものを例としたが、本発明をこれに限るものではなく、被乾燥物を筒状に整形するものであればよい。例えば、楕円形状の筒状や、多角形状の筒状に被乾燥物を整形するものなどであっても構わない。それぞれの形状に対応した外胴と、錐体を用いればよいものである。ただし、本実施形態のごとく、略円筒状とするものが、均一な厚みの被乾燥物を得る上では最も効率がよく、好適である。   In the present embodiment, the shaper is an example that shapes an object to be dried into a substantially cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be one that shapes an object to be dried into a cylindrical shape. That's fine. For example, the object to be dried may be shaped into an elliptical cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylindrical shape. It is only necessary to use outer cylinders and cones corresponding to the respective shapes. However, as in this embodiment, a substantially cylindrical shape is most efficient and suitable for obtaining an object to be dried having a uniform thickness.

本願発明に係る除湿乾燥装置は、低温の熱で乾燥が行えるため、例えば食品の加工過程で発生する残渣を対象とし、熱源として製品製造過程で使われた熱の排熱を利用して乾燥・減容化を行うことも可能である。   Since the dehumidifying and drying apparatus according to the present invention can be dried with low-temperature heat, for example, the residue generated in the food processing process is used as a heat source for drying and drying using the exhaust heat of the heat used in the product manufacturing process. It is also possible to reduce the volume.

1...除湿乾燥装置
2...成形部
21...整形器
211...外胴
212...円錐体(錐体)
213...受入口
214...送出口
22...切断機
221...切断刃
221a...切断部
221b...案内面
222...駆動装置
23...散布機
3...乾燥部
31...無端ネットコンベア
311...無端ネット
32...除湿器
33...加熱器
34...覆蓋
1. . . 1. Dehumidification drying device . . Molding part 21. . . Shaper 211. . . Outer trunk 212. . . Cone (cone)
213. . . Entrance 214. . . Outlet 22. . . Cutting machine 221. . . Cutting blade 221a. . . Cutting part 221b. . . Guide surface 222. . . Drive device 23. . . 2. Spreader . . Drying section 31. . . Endless net conveyor 311. . . Endless net 32. . . Dehumidifier 33. . . Heater 34. . . Cover

Claims (3)

被乾燥物を筒状に整形する整形器および
前記筒状に整形された被乾燥物を切離す切断機
を有する成形部と、
無端ネットを備え、前記成形部から被乾燥物を受入れて水平方向へ移送する無端ネットコンベア、
前記無端ネットコンベアを覆う覆蓋、
前記覆蓋内の空気の湿度を除去する除湿器および
前記除湿器で除湿された空気を温水で昇温する加熱器
を有する乾燥部と、
を備え、
前記整形器は、
受入口及び送出口と、
筒状の外胴と、
前記外胴の内部に、頂点を前記受入口側に底面を前記送出口側に向けて配設された錐体と、
を備え、
前記切断機は、
前記整形器から押し出された被乾燥物を切離す切断部、および前記切離された被乾燥物を前記整形器から押し出された被乾燥物から剥離させる案内面を備えた一つ以上の切断刃と、
前記切断刃を前記送出口に沿って移動させる駆動装置と、
を備えた除湿乾燥装置。
A shaping unit having a shaping device for shaping the object to be dried into a cylinder, and a cutting machine for separating the object to be dried shaped into the cylinder;
An endless net conveyor that includes an endless net and receives a material to be dried from the molding part and transports it in the horizontal direction;
A cover covering the endless net conveyor;
A drying unit having a dehumidifier that removes the humidity of the air in the cover and a heater that raises the temperature of the air dehumidified by the dehumidifier with hot water;
With
The shaper is
An entrance and an exit;
A cylindrical outer body,
Inside the outer body, a cone disposed with the apex facing the receiving port side and the bottom surface facing the sending port side,
With
The cutting machine is
One or more cutting blades provided with a cutting part for separating the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device, and a guide surface for separating the object to be dried separated from the object to be dried pushed out from the shaping device When,
A driving device for moving the cutting blade along the delivery port;
A dehumidifying and drying apparatus.
前記送出口は、前記受入口より大径である
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の除湿乾燥装置。
The delivery port, dehumidifying and drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that from said inlet opening is large.
前記成形部が、
前記成形された被乾燥物を散布する散布機
を備えることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の除湿乾燥装置。
The molded part is
The dehumidifying and drying apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a spreader that sprays the molded object to be dried.
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