JP6361475B2 - Pin coupling device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pin coupling device for detachably coupling two members by a coupling pin driven by a cylinder.

  The background art will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, taking as an example a connecting portion between a car body and a crawler frame of a crawler type traveling device used as a lower traveling body of a large excavator.

  A crawler type traveling device for a large excavator is hung around a car body 1 on which an upper swing body (not shown) is rotatably mounted, left and right crawler frames 2 and 2, and outer peripheries of the crawler frames 2 and 2. It is comprised by the crawler (crawler belt) which is not shown in figure.

  The crawler frame 2 is provided with a pin hole 3, and the car body 1 is provided with a connecting pin 4 and a detaching cylinder 5 for driving the connecting pin 4, and the connecting pin 4 is mounted in a contracted state of the detaching cylinder 5 as shown in FIG. When the cylinder 5 is extended, the connecting pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole 3 as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the car body 1 and the left and right crawler frames 2 are connected at the time of excavator assembly to form a lower traveling body, and both are separated and transported when moving to the site.

  Also, a lock pin hole 6 is provided at the tip of the connection pin 4, and after the connection pin is inserted, the lock pin 7 is manually inserted into the lock pin hole 6 as shown in FIG. 4 is locked in the inserted state (a state in which the car body 1 and the crawler frame 2 are coupled).

  The above configuration is shown in Patent Document 1, for example.

JP 2010-216084 A

  As described above, the connecting pin 4 is inserted into the pin hole 3 to connect the two members, and in this connected state, the locking member such as the lock pin 7 is engaged with the insertion end of the connecting pin 4 and locked. In a pin coupling device with a lock structure, a configuration in which the coupling pin 4 is automatically inserted into and removed from the pin hole 3 by a cylinder 5 is known as disclosed in Patent Document 1.

  On the other hand, the locking operation for locking the connecting pin 4 in the inserted state and the unlocking operation for releasing the locking are conventionally performed by manual operation.

  For this reason, this lock / unlock operation is troublesome, and there are problems such as forgetting to put in and out of the lock member, and troublesome construction and storage for the removed lock member.

  Here, for the locking operation, a tapered surface (guide surface) is provided on at least one of the connecting pin and the locking member, such as a door latch mechanism, and a spring is provided on the locking member. It is considered that automation is possible by applying a known locking technique for automatically engaging the two.

  However, there has never been a technique for automatically performing the unlocking operation and the subsequent operation of removing the connecting pin, and this is the reason why the connection / separation is not fully automated in the pin connecting device with the lock structure. It was.

  Electronic control such as moving the lock pin to the unlock position with the lock cylinder, detecting this with a sensor, inputting it to the controller, and operating the valve in response to a command from the controller to operate the detachable cylinder toward the pin release side. Thus, it is considered possible to automatically perform the two-member separating operation of unlocking → detaching the connecting pin.

  However, this electronic control method is not practical in that a controller and a sensor are required, the structure is large and complicated, and the equipment cost is increased.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a pin coupling device that can realize the automation of the two-member separating operation with a simple configuration that does not use a controller or a sensor.

As means for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the present invention, one of the two members to be connected is provided with a pin hole, and the other member is provided with a connection pin and a desorption cylinder. In a pin coupling device for connecting / separating the two members by moving between an insertion position to be inserted into the pin hole and a separation position to be detached from the pin hole, the coupling pin is inserted by engaging with the coupling pin. A lock member that displaces between a lock position that locks in position, a lock release position that releases from the connecting pin and releases the lock, a lock cylinder that displaces the lock member between both the lock and unlock positions, and A cylinder drive circuit for driving both the detachable and lock cylinders is provided.
(i) a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to both the desorption and lock cylinders, a switching valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from both the desorption and lock cylinders, and the pressure oil via the switching valve. A first oil passage for supplying the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder; a second oil passage for supplying the pressure oil to the pin release side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder via the switching valve; and the pressure oil for the pressure oil. A third oil passage is provided to supply to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder;
(ii) A pin release sequence valve is provided in the second oil passage,
(iii) When the switching valve for separating the two members is operated, pressure oil is supplied to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder through the third oil passage to operate the lock cylinder to the lock release side. The lock release is performed, and the pin release sequence valve is operated by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump caused by the operation of the lock cylinder to operate the desorption cylinder in the pin release direction.

  According to this configuration, after the lock cylinder is operated to the unlocking side, the sequence valve is operated based on the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump due to the cylinder operation, and the desorption cylinder is operated to the pin release side by the operation of the sequence valve. It is possible to automatically perform a continuous operation of unlocking → removing the connecting pin by a hydraulic sequence operation based on the configuration, that is, using only the hydraulic configuration of the cylinder drive circuit without using a controller or a sensor.

  In the present invention, the fourth oil passage is branched from the first oil passage and connected to the lock-side oil chamber of the lock cylinder, and a lock sequence valve is provided in the fourth oil passage to connect the two members. When operating the switching valve, the pressure oil is supplied to the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder through the first oil passage to operate the desorption cylinder to the pin insertion side, and the hydraulic pressure by the operation of the desorption cylinder It is desirable that the lock sequence valve is operated to the lock side by operating the lock sequence valve when the pump pressure rises (Claim 2).

  According to this configuration, when the two members are connected, the lock operation after the connection pin is inserted and the locked state can be automatically and reliably performed by the lock cylinder.

  In the present invention, the desorption cylinder and the lock cylinder are provided in an orthogonal arrangement, and the connecting pin is provided at the rod end of the desorption cylinder, while the lock plate as the lock member is provided at the tip of the piston rod of the lock cylinder. One end is a fulcrum, the other end is engaged and fixed to the connecting pin, the connection point with the piston rod is a force point, and is provided so as to be swingable between a lock position and a lock release position. It is desirable that an engagement groove for engaging the lock plate at the locked position is provided in the vicinity of the tip of the connecting pin.

  Thus, by using a lock plate that performs a swinging motion as the lock member, and locking / unlocking the plate by engaging and disengaging the engagement groove of the connecting pin from a right angle direction, The operation can be performed more reliably and stably.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the lock member is locked to the lock pin when the connection pin is inserted into at least one of the tip of the connection pin and a portion of the lock member that contacts the connection pin tip when the connection pin is inserted. It is desirable to provide a tapered surface that is automatically displaced to the release position.

  According to this configuration, when the two members are connected, the operation of retracting the lock member in the process of inserting the connecting pin into the pin hole can be automatically performed by the tapered surface. This eliminates the need for extra control for the above operation, which is advantageous in terms of cost and simplification of the structure.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize the automation of the two-member separating operation with a simple configuration that does not use a controller or a sensor, thereby enabling complete automation including the two-member connecting operation.

1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is an enlarged front view of the lock mechanism in the embodiment. (a)-(c) is a whole block diagram which shows two member connection operation | movement by embodiment sequentially. (a)-(c) is a front view which shows the locking operation by embodiment sequentially. (a) and (b) are the whole block diagrams which show two member separation operation by an embodiment in order. (a) (b) is a front view which shows the unlocking operation by embodiment sequentially. (a) (b) is a partially expanded view which shows the two-member connection operation | movement by another embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of a crawler type traveling device which is an example of application of the present invention. (a) (b) is a whole block diagram which shows the two-member connection operation | movement by the conventional pin connection apparatus in order.

    An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The embodiment is applied to a connection portion between the car body 11 and the left and right crawler frames 12 of a crawler type traveling device used as a lower traveling body of an excavator in accordance with the description of the background art.

In an embodiment,
(I) The crawler frame 12 is provided with a pin hole 13, the car body 11 is provided with a connecting pin 14 and a demounting cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 15 for driving the pin,
(II) As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 (a), the connecting pin 14 is detached from the pin hole 13 in the contracted state of the detachable cylinder 15, and connected when the cylinder 15 is extended as shown in FIG. 3 (c). The point that the pin 14 is inserted into the pin hole 13 is the same as the prior art shown in FIG.

  In the embodiment, a lock cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 16 is provided on the car body 11 so as to be orthogonal to the detachable cylinder 15, and a lock member that locks the connecting pin 14 in a pin hole insertion state at the rod end of the lock cylinder 16. A lock plate 17 is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, the lock plate 17 has one end portion as a fulcrum, the other end portion is engaged with the connecting pin 14, and the connection point with the rod end portion serves as a force point. It is attached to the rod end so that it can swing between unlocked positions.

  In FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, 18 is a rocking central axis of the lock plate 17, and 19 is an attachment pin for attaching the lock plate 17 to the rod end.

  On the other hand, the connecting pin 14 is provided with an engaging groove 20 that engages with the lock plate 17 as a concave groove over the entire circumference in the vicinity of the tip, and a tapered surface 21 in the constriction direction is formed at the tip. ing.

  Due to the tapered surface 21, when the connecting pin is inserted into the pin hole 13, the lock plate 17 is pushed up and automatically displaced to the unlocking position as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) and 3 (c). The lock plate 17 is returned to the lock position by the force of 19 and is automatically engaged with the engagement groove 20 of the connecting pin 14.

  A cylinder drive circuit for driving both the detachable and lock cylinders 15 and 16 will be described.

  The cylinder driving circuit includes a hydraulic pump 22 that supplies pressure oil to both the demounting and locking cylinders 15 and 16, a switching valve 23 that is manually operated to control the supply and discharge of the pressure oil to both cylinders 15 and 16, and the switching valve. The first oil passage 24 for supplying the pressure oil to the pin insertion side oil chamber (head side oil chamber and extension side oil chamber) 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 through the switching valve 23 and the pressure oil is desorbed through the switching valve 23 A lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder 16 is supplied with pressure oil via a second oil passage 25 for supplying to a pin release side oil chamber (rod side oil chamber and contraction side oil chamber) 15 b of the cylinder 15 and a switching valve 23. A third oil passage 26 to be supplied to 16 a and a fourth oil passage 27 branched from the first oil passage 24 and connected to the lock side oil chamber 16 b of the lock cylinder 16 are provided.

  The second oil passage 25 is provided with a first sequence valve 28 for pin detachment, and the fourth oil passage 27 is provided with a second sequence valve 29 for locking.

  Both of the sequence valves 28 and 29 are composed of a check valve 30 that allows only oil to be removed or discharged from the lock cylinder side, and a pilot relief valve 31 connected in parallel to the check valve 30. When the pressure in the pressure pumps 25 and 27 (hydraulic pump 22) exceeds a set value, the pilot relief valve 31 opens and pressure oil is sent to the cylinder (the detaching cylinder 15 or the lock cylinder 16).

  The change-over valve 23 is a neutral position a for shutting off the hydraulic pump 22 and the tank T from both cylinders 15 and 16, and the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 is connected to the pin insertion side oil of the desorption cylinder 15 via the first oil passage 24. The pin insertion position b to be supplied to the chamber 15a and the pressure oil are supplied to the lock release side oil chamber (extension side oil chamber) 16a of the lock cylinder 16 via the third oil passage 26, or desorbed via the second oil passage 25. Switching operation is performed between the pin release positions C supplied to the pin release side oil chamber 15b of the cylinder 15.

  The lock side oil chamber 16b of the lock cylinder 16 is connected to the tank T.

  3 and 5, in order to avoid complication of the drawings, part of the reference numerals for the components of the detachable and lock cylinders 15 and 16, the connecting pin 14, and the sequence valves 28 and 29 are omitted. Shall refer to the symbols in FIG.

  The operation of the cylinder drive circuit will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows a state where the car body 11 and the crawler frame 2 are separated.

  At this time, the switching valve 23 is in the neutral position (a), and both the detachable and lock cylinders 15 and 16 are disconnected from the hydraulic pump 22 and the tank T.

  Further, the lock cylinder 16 is in the extended state, and the lock plate 17 is in the unlocked state.

At the time of connection When connecting the car body 11 and the crawler frame 12 from this state, the switching valve 23 is switched to the pin insertion position B as shown in FIG.

  In this way, the lock release side oil chamber 16a of the lock cylinder 16 communicates with the tank T via the third oil passage 26 and the switching valve 23, so that the oil in the oil chamber 16a is pushed out by the weight of the lock plate 17 and the tank. Flows into T.

  As a result, the lock cylinder 16 operates toward the lock side (reduction operation), so that the lock plate 17 swings and displaces from the lock release position in FIG. 2 to the lock position in FIG.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3B, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the pin insertion side oil chamber 15a of the desorption cylinder 15 through the first oil passage 24, so that the desorption cylinder 15 moves to the pin insertion side. The stroke is activated, and the connecting pin 14 is inserted into the pin hole 13.

  At this time, due to the action of the tapered surface 21, as shown in FIGS. 3 (b) (c) and 4 (b) (c), the connection pin 14 pushes the lock plate 17 and inserts the pin hole 13 therethrough.

  In this case, since only the own weight acts on the lock plate 17, the plate 17 does not reach the engagement groove 20 of the connecting pin 14, or even if engaged, it is in an uncertain or unstable state. Become.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3C, when the detachable cylinder 15 extends to the stroke end on the pin insertion side, the pressure of the hydraulic pump 22 rises, and this increases the pilot relief valve of the second sequence valve 29 through the fourth oil passage 27. By being added to 31, the relief valve 31 is opened.

  As a result, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the lock-side oil chamber 16 b of the lock cylinder 16, so that the cylinder 16 operates to the lock side and the lock plate 17 engages with the engagement groove 20. That is, the locked state is surely and stably.

  Then, when the worker who confirms the completion of the coupling operation returns the switching valve 23 to the neutral position (a), the oil flow stops and is detached, and the lock cylinders 15 and 16 become inoperable.

At the time of separation At the time of separation, the switching valve 23 is switched to the pin disengagement position C as shown in FIG.

  As a result, the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 22 flows into the lock release side oil chamber 16a of the lock cylinder 16 through the third oil passage 26, and the cylinder 16 operates to the lock release side. As shown, the lock plate 17 is pivotally displaced to the unlock position to be unlocked.

  At this time, the oil in the lock side oil chamber 16 b of the lock cylinder 16 returns to the tank T through the check valve 30 of the second sequence valve 29, the fourth oil passage 27 and the switching valve 23.

  When the lock cylinder 16 is operated to the unlocking side to the stroke end in this way, the pressure of the hydraulic pump 22 increases, so that the first sequence valve 28 is opened and the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic pump 23 is opened as shown in FIG. Is supplied to the pin release side oil chamber 15b of the detachable cylinder 15.

  As a result, the cylinder 15 is operated to the pin release side, the connecting pin 14 is extracted from the pin hole 13, and the car body 1 and the crawler frame 2 are separated.

In this case, the oil in the pin insertion side oil chamber 15 a of the desorption cylinder 15 returns to the tank T through the first oil passage 24 and the switching valve 23.

  When the worker confirms that the connecting pin has been detached and operates the switching valve 23 to return to neutral, the circuit state of FIG. 1 is restored.

  According to this configuration, the following effects can be obtained.

  (I) After the unlocking operation of the lock cylinder 16, the first sequence valve 28 is operated based on the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump 22 due to this cylinder operation, and the detachable cylinder 15 is operated to the pin release side, that is, a controller or sensor By using a hydraulic sequence operation based only on the hydraulic configuration of the cylinder drive circuit without using a lock, it is possible to perform a continuous operation of automatic unlocking → detaching the connecting pin.

  Thereby, complete automation of connection / separation of the car body 11 and the crawler frame 2 can be realized at a low cost with a simple configuration.

  (II) The second sequence valve 29 is provided in the fourth oil passage 27 branched from the first oil passage 24, and the pin of the demounting cylinder 15 is operated when the switching valve 23 for connecting the car body 11 and the crawler frame 12 is operated. Since the second sequence valve 29 is operated by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump 23 by the insertion side operation and the lock cylinder 16 is operated to the lock side, the lock operation after the connection pin is inserted and the lock state is maintained. 16 can be performed automatically and reliably.

  (III) Since the lock plate 17 that performs the swinging motion is used as the lock member, the plate 17 is engaged / disengaged from the engagement groove 20 of the connecting pin 14 from the right angle direction to lock / unlock the lock member. The release operation can be performed more reliably and stably.

  (IV) When the car body 11 and the crawler frame 12 are connected, the operation of retracting the lock plate 17 in the process of inserting the connecting pin 14 into the pin hole 13 can be automatically performed by the tapered surface 21. This eliminates the need for extra control for the above operation, which is advantageous in terms of cost and simplification of the structure.

Other embodiments
(1) In the above-described embodiment, the tapered surface 21 for automatic locking is provided only at the distal end portion of the connecting pin 14. However, in order to perform the automatic locking operation more reliably, FIGS. As shown, a tapered surface 21a may also be formed on the surface of the connecting pin 14 where the engaging groove 20 is formed.

  Or you may form the taper surface 21b in the double-sided or single side | surface of the part which contacts the connecting pin 14 of the lock plate 17 like illustration.

  (2) Instead of the structure of engaging the rocking lock plate 17 with the engaging groove 20 of the connecting pin 14 as described in the above embodiment as a lock member, a lock pin hole is provided at the tip of the connecting pin, A structure in which the lock pin is engaged with and disengaged from the lock pin hole may be employed.

  (3) The configuration may be such that the second sequence valve 29 for locking is omitted, and the locking member is automatically engaged with the connecting pin 14 by the tapered surface and the spring force to lock in the connected state.

  (4) The present invention is not limited to the connecting portion between the car body and the crawler frame, but is a lock that is pin-connected by the cylinder, such as a device that connects the counterweight of the excavator to the base machine (upper turning body) with a hydraulic cylinder. The present invention can be widely applied to the attached pin coupling device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Car body as one member to be connected 12 Crawler frame as the other member 13 Pin hole 14 Connection pin 15 Demounting cylinder 15a Pin insertion side oil chamber 15b of the demounting cylinder Same as above, Pin detachment side oil chamber 16 Lock cylinder 16a Lock Cylinder lock release side oil chamber 16b Same as above, lock side oil chamber 17 Lock plate as lock member 20 Engaging groove 21 Tapered surface 21a Tapered surface 21b Tapered surface 22 Hydraulic pump 23 Switching valve T tank 24 First oil passage 25 Second Oil passage 26 Third oil passage 27 Fourth oil passage 28 First sequence valve for pin detachment 29 Second sequence valve for locking 30 Check valve constituting the sequence valve 31 Pilot relief valve

Claims (4)

One of the two members to be connected is provided with a pin hole, the other member is provided with a connection pin and a desorption cylinder, and the insertion position and the pin hole are inserted into the pin hole by the expansion / contraction operation of the desorption cylinder. In a pin coupling device for connecting / separating the two members by moving between the separation positions where the connection pins are disengaged from the lock position, the lock position is engaged with the connection pins to lock the connection pins in the insertion position, and the pin is disengaged from the connection pins. A locking member that is displaced between unlocking positions for releasing the lock, a lock cylinder that displaces the locking member between both the locking and unlocking positions, and a cylinder drive circuit that drives both the demounting and locking cylinders. And this cylinder drive circuit
(i) a hydraulic pump that supplies pressure oil to both the desorption and lock cylinders, a switching valve that controls supply and discharge of the pressure oil to and from both the desorption and lock cylinders, and the pressure oil via the switching valve. A first oil passage for supplying the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder; a second oil passage for supplying the pressure oil to the pin release side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder via the switching valve; and the pressure oil for the pressure oil. A third oil passage is provided to supply to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder;
(ii) A pin release sequence valve is provided in the second oil passage,
(iii) When the switching valve for separating the two members is operated, pressure oil is supplied to the lock release side oil chamber of the lock cylinder through the third oil passage to operate the lock cylinder to the lock release side. The pin coupling device is configured to release the lock and to operate the pin release sequence valve in the pin release direction by operating the pin release sequence valve by the pressure increase of the hydraulic pump caused by the operation of the lock cylinder. .   The fourth oil passage is branched from the first oil passage and connected to the lock side oil chamber of the lock cylinder, and the switching for connecting the two members is provided in the fourth oil passage by providing a lock sequence valve. During operation of the valve, pressure oil is supplied to the pin insertion side oil chamber of the desorption cylinder through the first oil passage to operate the desorption cylinder to the pin insertion side, and the pressure of the hydraulic pump increases due to the operation of the desorption cylinder. 2. The pin coupling device according to claim 1, wherein the lock sequence valve is operated to operate the lock cylinder to the lock side.   The desorption cylinder and the lock cylinder are provided in an orthogonal arrangement, and the connection pin is provided at the rod end of the desorption cylinder, while the lock plate as the lock member is provided at the tip of the piston rod of the lock cylinder, and one end is a fulcrum, An operating point where the other end engages and fixes the connecting pin, and a connection point with the piston rod is provided as a force point so that it can swing between a locked position and an unlocked position, and is near the tip of the connecting pin. The pin coupling device according to claim 1, wherein an engagement groove for engaging the lock plate at the lock position is provided.   At least one of the tip of the connecting pin and the portion of the lock member that contacts the tip of the connecting pin when the connecting pin is inserted, the lock member is automatically moved to the unlocked position when the connecting pin is inserted. The pin coupling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a tapered surface to be displaced.

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