JP6360790B2 - Plane structure of wooden construction and its construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface structure of a wooden building employing a so-called Itakura structure and a method for constructing the same.

Conventionally, as a surface structure that constitutes a wooden structure in the conventional construction method, a construction method called Itakura construction in which a plate is sandwiched between a pair of pillars is used. In this construction method, grooves in which both side edges of the plate are fitted are formed on opposite surfaces of a pair of columns, and a necessary number of pieces are sequentially dropped from the end portions of the columns to seal between the two columns.
The surface structure formed by such a method is independent even after each member constituting it is assembled, and there is a problem that the strength as an integral surface structure is not given.

  Therefore, as shown in Patent Document 1, the inventor of the present application has proposed a structure in which the shape retention strength and the integrity of the structure are improved by integrating the members with fastening members.

JP 2012-172432 A

  However, in the conventional method shown in Patent Document 1, the upper and lower sliding plates of the closing plate are integrally fastened, but the upper and lower sliding plates are separated by the closing plate. It was. Therefore, there is a room for further increasing the strength by integrally fastening the upper and lower sliding plates of the closing plate.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, Comprising: It aims at provision of the surface structure of the wooden building provided with higher intensity | strength as a surface structure integrated which adopted the itakura structure, and its construction method.

  The surface structure of the wooden building according to the present invention to solve the above problems includes a pair of horizontal frame members arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other as a frame structure, and a pair of vertical frame members arranged in parallel and adjacent to the horizontal frame members. , And a plurality of sliding plates for sealing between the vertical frame members, a closing plate for closing the sliding plates in place, a fastening member for fastening the sliding plate and the closing plate to the horizontal frame member, and the sliding plate and the closing plate It consists of a reinforcing plate that is fixed to the surface of the plate, and both vertical frame members are provided with grooves for holding both sides of the sliding plate on opposite surfaces, and both sides of the sliding plate in the middle of both vertical frame members Each sliding plate is provided with a tenon that joins the grooves of both vertical frame members on each side, and has a through hole that penetrates each vertical dimension at a common position. The both ends are fitted in the notches of both vertical frame members to move and remove the sliding plate. A through hole penetrating the vertical dimension, the through hole of the sliding plate and the through hole of the closing plate communicate with each other, and the sliding plate and / or the closing plate are connected to the through hole. The fastening member inserted is fastened to one horizontal frame member and the other horizontal frame member, and the fastening member fastened to one horizontal frame member and the fastening member fastened to the other horizontal frame member are The horizontal plate overlaps in the horizontal direction between the two horizontal frame members, and the reinforcing plate is substantially equal in size to the inner dimensions of the horizontal frame member and the vertical frame member, and all the sliding plates and closing plates are found. It is a thing fixed to.

In addition, the closing surface which consists of a horizontal frame material, a closing board, and the sliding board pinched | interposed into the horizontal frame material between them may provide two upper and lower sides about a pair of vertical frame material arrange | positioned adjacently in parallel. .
The fastening member may be a member that can integrate a sliding plate or the like, such as a bolt, an iron core, or a wire.

  The construction method of the surface structure of a wooden building according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above problems, includes a pair of horizontal frame members arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other as a frame structure, and a pair of adjacent frame members arranged in parallel in combination with the horizontal frame material Vertical frame member, a plurality of sliding plates for sealing between the vertical frame members, a closing plate for closing the sliding plate in a fixed position, a fastening member for fastening the sliding plate and the closing plate to the horizontal frame member, and sliding It consists of a reinforcing plate that is fixed to the locating surface of the plate and the closing plate, and both vertical frame members are provided with grooves for holding both sides of the sliding plate on opposite surfaces, and a sliding plate in the middle part of both vertical frame members The sliding plates are provided with notches that guide the both sides of the frame to the groove, and each sliding plate has a tenon that joins the grooves of both vertical frame members on both sides and a through hole that penetrates each vertical dimension at a common position. The closing plate has both ends fitted into the notches of both vertical frame members, A through hole penetrating the vertical dimension, the through hole of the sliding plate and the through hole of the closing plate communicate with each other, and the sliding plate and / or the closing plate are A fastening member inserted through a through hole, which is fastened to one horizontal frame member and the other horizontal frame member, and fastened to one horizontal frame member and the other horizontal frame member. The fastening member is overlapped in the horizontal direction at the middle part of both horizontal frame members, and the reinforcing plate is substantially the same size as the inner dimensions of the horizontal frame member and the vertical frame member, and all the sliding plates and closing plates are It is a construction method of a surface structure of a wooden building that is fixed to a facing surface, and a step of introducing a sliding plate from the notch into the grooves of both vertical frame members and attaching the sliding plates to both vertical frame members; A closing process in which both ends of the closing plate are fitted and fixed in the notches of both vertical frame members to make the sliding plate impossible to escape, and the sliding plate and the closing plate are A fastening step for fastening the horizontal frame member via imaging member, characterized in that through the reinforcement process of fixing the reinforcing plate to locate surface of the sliding plate and a closed plate.

  According to the surface structure of the wooden building according to the present invention, the sliding plate and the closing plate are respectively fastened to the both lateral frame members by the fastening members, and the fastening member fastened to one of the horizontal frame members and the other horizontal frame material. Since the fastening members fastened to each other overlap in the horizontal direction at the middle part of both lateral frame members, both the lateral frame members, all the sliding plates and the closing plate are fastened together, and the structure as a whole has high strength. ing. And since the reinforcement board is being fixed to all the sliding boards and the closing board, intensity | strength is raised further.

It is a front view of the surface structure of wooden construction. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the process example of the construction method of the surface structure of wooden construction. It is the elements on larger scale of a siding board (sliding board). It is a cross-sectional view which shows the example of application of the surface structure of wooden construction.

Hereinafter, a surface structure of a wooden building and a construction method thereof according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Depending on which of the frame structures in wooden construction is set to the horizontal frame material 1a, 1b or the vertical frame material 2, the use of the surface structure and its components (wall, floor, ceiling, etc.) and the properties required for them differ. come.

1 and 2 show an embodiment constructed as a wall structure.
In this example, a beam 1a and a sill 1b (a pair of horizontal frame members) arranged adjacent to each other in parallel as a skeleton frame, a pair of columns (vertical frame members) 2 arranged adjacent to each other in parallel at right angles, and both columns 2 A plurality of siding plates (sliding plates) 3 for sealing between them, a closing plate 8 for closing the siding plate 3 from the groove 4 of the column 2 in a fixed position, and a siding plate above and below the beam 1a, the closing plate 8 and the closing plate 8 3 is composed of fastening members 9a and 9b that integrally fasten 3 and a reinforcing plate 15 that is fixed to the siding surface of the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 (FIG. 1 is shown through the reinforcing plate 15).

  The pair of pillars 2 of the present embodiment have the same length, and both ends of each pillar 2 are provided with a pair of protrusions X protruding from the end surfaces. A combination of the pillars 2 of the pillars 2 is combined with a hollow hole Y provided at equal intervals on the lower surface of the beam 1a and the upper surface of the sill 1b, respectively, and is provided with a frame (horizontal frame material 1a, 1b) having a rectangular opening. And the vertical frame member 2). In this example, the bolt 10 is further used for reinforcement.

Both pillars 2 are provided with grooves 4 for holding both side portions of the siding plate 3 on the opposite side surfaces, and with notches 5 as left and right pairs at the same position in the middle of the pillars 2 to guide the both side portions of the siding plate 3 to the groove 4. . The pair of left and right cutouts 5 serve as an entrance / exit Z for mounting the siding plate 3 to both pillars 2.
On the other hand, each siding plate 3 that seals between the two pillars 2 is provided with a tenon 6 that joins the grooves 4 of the two pillars 2 on both sides, and a through hole 7 that penetrates the entire longitudinal dimension at a common position. . Thirteen through holes 7 are formed at equal intervals.
Here, the groove 4 is a dovetail groove in which the groove width on the opening side is set narrower than the back side, and the tenon 6 is an anthozo in which the width on the front end side that fits in the dovetail groove is set wider than the width on the base side. As a result, the groove 4 and the ridge 6 are joined together to form an ant joint.
The closer the joint between the tenon 6 and the groove 4 is, the more difficult the slip of the tenon 6 in the groove 4 is. Therefore, if necessary, the entrance / exit Z may be appropriately scattered. .

In order to allow the tenon 6 of the siding plate 3 to be introduced into the grooves 4 of both the pillars 2 through the notches 5 of both pillars 2 without conflicting, the longitudinal width of the notched parts 5 is a siding plate to be attached to both pillars 2. 3 is set to be substantially equal to the vertical dimension of the siding plate 3, starting from the end of the slab 3. The depth and width are determined from the front or back surface of both columns (both vertical frame members) 2 on the side where the siding plate 3 is introduced. The depth at which the siding plate 3 is accommodated at least at a position where it is introduced into the groove 4 provided in each column 2 (a position where the hoses 6 of the siding plate 3 are present on the sliding track of the grooves 4 of the two columns 2 or its extension line); Set to width.
In addition, in order to introduce the ridge 6 of the siding plate 3 into the grooves 4 of the two pillars 2 without any delay, it is desirable that the size is slightly larger than the size in which the siding plate 3 fits tightly in any of the above dimensions.

In the present embodiment, one siding plate 3 is arranged above the entrance / exit Z, and four siding plates 3 are arranged below the entrance / exit Z. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the siding plate 3 is fitted from the entrance / exit Z, and the tenon 6 of the siding plate 3 is inserted into the groove 4 of each column 2 and slid up and down. When all the siding plates 3 are attached, as shown in FIG. 3B, a closing plate 8 having substantially the same shape as the siding plate 3 is fitted into the entrance / exit Z, and the siding plate 3 is closed so that it cannot escape. At this time, the same processing as that of the siding plate 3 may be performed on both ends and the surface of the closing plate 8 so that the existence of the entrance / exit Z is not conspicuous.
The closing plate 8 is provided with through holes 16 penetrating in the vertical dimension, and the thirteen through holes 16 are formed side by side at equal intervals and communicate with the through holes 7 of the siding plate 3. Further, the closing plate 8 may have the same shape as the siding plate 3 itself or the siding plate 3, or may have, for example, a thick and different shape that functions as an upper and lower stile.

The beam 1a and the sill 1b are provided with through holes 11a and 11b, respectively, on the extension lines of the through hole 7 of the siding plate 3 and the through hole 16 of the closing plate 8 that seal between the two columns 2. However, in the beam 1a, six through holes 11a are formed alternately for the through-holes 7 and 16 of the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8, and the sill 1b has the through holes 11a of the beam 1a. The seven through holes 11b are formed alternately with respect to the through holes 7 and 16 of the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 by being shifted.
And as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.3 (c), the volt | bolt 91a is inserted as the fastening member 9a from each through-hole 11a of the beam 1a. The bolt 91a passes through the through-hole 7 of the siding plate 3 on the upper side of the closing plate 8, the through-hole 16 of the closing plate 8, and the through-holes 7 of the three siding plates 3 on the lower side of the closing plate 8, and from the bottom 2 The lower end of the first panel 3 is reached. As shown in FIG. 4, a locking groove 19 for locking the nut 92a is formed at the lower end of the siding plate 3. The locking groove 19 has a U-shaped cross section penetrating in the expected direction, and six locking grooves 19 are provided in accordance with the position of the bolt 91a. Nuts 92a are inserted into the respective locking grooves 19 and screwed into the respective bolts 91a, whereby the beam 1a, the siding plate 3 above the closing plate 8, the closing plate 8 and the three siding plates below the closing plate 8 3 is fastened together.
Moreover, the bolt 91b is inserted as the fastening member 9b from each through-hole 11b of the sill 1b. The bolt 91 b passes through the through holes 7 of the four siding plates 3 on the lower side of the closing plate 8 and reaches the upper end of the fourth siding plate 3 from the bottom. A locking groove 19 is formed at the upper end of the siding plate 3 in the same manner as the lower end of the second siding plate 3 from the bottom. Seven locking grooves 19 are provided in accordance with the position of the bolt 91b. The nuts 92b are inserted into the respective locking grooves 19 and screwed into the respective bolts 91b, thereby fastening the sill 1b and the four siding plates 3 below the closing plate 8 together.
In this way, the fastening members 9a and 9b are inserted from the upper side and the lower side, respectively, and the fastening member 9a inserted from the upper side and the fastening member 9b inserted from the lower side are horizontal at the intermediate portion between the beam 1a and the sill 1b. Since they overlap in the direction, the beam 1a and the sill 1b and the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 between them are integrated.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 (d), the reinforcing plates 15 are respectively fixed to both the front and back finding surfaces of the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 fastened together as described above. The reinforcing plate 15 has a rectangular plate shape substantially equal to the inner dimensions of the upper and lower beams 1 a and the sill 1 b and the left and right pillars 2. The siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 are sandwiched between the two reinforcing plates 15, and the bolt 20 To all the siding plates 3 and closing plates 8.

  As described above, the surface structure of the wooden building according to the present invention includes a joining step of introducing the tenon 6 of the siding plate 3 into the groove 4 of the two pillars 2 from the notch 5 and mounting the siding plate 3 between the two pillars 2, and the siding plate. A closing process for fitting and fixing the closing plate 8 to the entrance / exit Z, which is the remaining opening portion to which 3 is mounted, and a plurality of siding plates 3 and closing plates 8 joined to both pillars 2 and the beam 1a or the sill 1b. The bolts 91a and 91b and the fastening members 9a and 9b composed of the nuts 92a and 92b are sequentially followed by the fastening step, and the reinforcing plate 15 and the closing plate 8 are fixed through the reinforcing step. To construct. In order to obtain higher integration, the joining process may be performed while supplying an adhesive between the groove 4 and the side 6.

According to the surface structure of the wooden structure of the present invention thus configured, the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 are fastened to the upper and lower beams 1a and 1b by the fastening members 9a and 9b, respectively, and fastened to the beam 1a. Since the fastening member 9b fastened to the sill 1b overlaps in the horizontal direction at the intermediate portion between the beam 1a and the sill 1b, the beam 1a and sill 1b, all the siding plates 3 and the closing plate 8 are integrated. The structure as a whole has high strength. Since the siding plate 3 and the closing plate 8 are sandwiched between the two reinforcing plates 15 and the reinforcing plate 15 is fixed to all the siding plates 3 and the closing plate 8, the strength is further increased.
Moreover, since the general dovetail process is employ | adopted for the groove | channel 4 of the pillar 2, and the tenon 6 of the siding board 3, the shape retention strength and integrity of a structure will improve, and a seismic strength will also increase. The ant processing is a shape having a deeper side (bottom side) than the opening side, so that it is a processing having strong proof strength against the siding of the siding plate 3 and is also high in terms of maintaining the dimensions between the columns 2. It is a processing method having strength. Due to the strength obtained by the construction method, even if the warp 3 starts to warp, it is retained from both sides where the dovetail is formed, so that it is possible to obtain a good-looking surface structure without warping. Then, by combining the members with the fastening members 9a and 9b together with such a side joint, the various strengths are further increased, and the effectiveness is also enhanced in terms of maintaining the appearance.
Furthermore, on the construction surface, by setting the notch portion 5 that can introduce the tenon 6 of the siding plate 3 into the groove 4 of the pillar 2 in the middle portion of the pillar 2, the distance over which the teno 6 slides in the groove 4 can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to connect the pillar 2 and the siding plate 3 by ant joints while maintaining a tightness that does not wobble. Moreover, even if it exists in a maintenance surface, replacement | exchange etc. of the siding board 3 can be performed without removing the pillar 2, and there exists an effect that favorable intensity | strength can be maintained over a long term.

  Note that FIG. 5 is based on these surface structures, and the sliding plate 3 is used as a core material, and a heat insulating material 12 is interposed between the front and back surfaces of the wooden house. It is the example which comprised the wall.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the joining structure of the horizontal frame material and the vertical frame material is an example, and any structure may be used. Further, three or more horizontal frame members and vertical frame members may be provided, and this surface structure may be provided continuously in the vertical and horizontal directions. Further, the number of sliding plates and the number of fastening members can be appropriately changed. Further, a plurality of notches (entrances / exits) may be provided, and a closing plate may be fitted into each. Further, the reinforcing plate may be attached to only one of the sliding plate and the closing plate.

1a Horizontal frame material (beam)
1b Horizontal frame material (sill)
2 Vertical frame material (pillar)
3 Sliding board
4 Groove 5 Notch 6 Hozo 7 Through-hole 8 Closing plate 9a, 9b Fastening member 15 Reinforcement plate 16 Through-hole

Claims (2)

A pair of horizontal frame members (1a, 1b) arranged adjacent in parallel as a frame structure, a pair of vertical frame members (2) arranged adjacent to each other in parallel with the horizontal frame members (1a, 1b), and the vertical frame A plurality of sliding plates (3) for sealing between the materials (2), a closing plate (8) for closing the sliding plates (3) into fixed positions, and a sliding plate (3) and a closing plate (8) A fastening member (9a, 9b) to be fastened to the frame material (1a, 1b), and a reinforcing plate (15) to be fixed to the locating surface of the sliding plate (3) and the closing plate (8);
Both vertical frame members (2) are provided with grooves (4) for holding both sides of the sliding plate (3) on opposite surfaces, and at the intermediate portion of both vertical frame members (2) of the sliding plate (3). The slide plate (3) has notches (5) that lead both sides to the groove (4), and each sliding plate (3) has a tenon (6) that joins the grooves (4) of both vertical frame members (2) on each side. And a through-hole (7) penetrating each vertical dimension at a common position. The closing plate (8) is slipped with both ends fitted into the notches (5) of both vertical frame members (2). The plate (3) cannot be moved and escaped, and is provided with a through hole (16) penetrating the vertical dimension. The through hole (7) of the sliding plate (3) and the through hole (7) of the closing plate (8) 16) communicates,
The sliding plate (3) and / or the closing plate (8) are fastening members (9a, 9b) inserted through the through holes (7, 16), and one horizontal frame member (1a) and the other horizontal frame member ( 1b), the fastening member (9a) fastened to one horizontal frame member (1a) and the fastening member (9b) fastened to the other horizontal frame member (1b) It overlaps in the horizontal direction at the middle part of the frame members (9a, 9b), and the reinforcing plate (15) has a size approximately equal to the inner dimensions of the horizontal frame members (1a, 1b) and the vertical frame members (2). And the surface structure of the wooden building characterized by fixing to the finding surface of all the sliding plates (3) and closing plates (8). A pair of horizontal frame members (1a, 1b) arranged adjacent in parallel as a frame structure, a pair of vertical frame members (2) arranged adjacent to each other in parallel with the horizontal frame members (1a, 1b), and the vertical frame A plurality of sliding plates (3) for sealing between the materials (2), a closing plate (8) for closing the sliding plates (3) into fixed positions, and a sliding plate (3) and a closing plate (8) A fastening member (9a, 9b) to be fastened to the frame material (1a, 1b), and a reinforcing plate (15) to be fixed to the locating surface of the sliding plate (3) and the closing plate (8);
Both vertical frame members (2) are provided with grooves (4) for holding both sides of the sliding plate (3) on opposite surfaces, and at the intermediate portion of both vertical frame members (2) of the sliding plate (3). The slide plate (3) has notches (5) that lead both sides to the groove (4), and each sliding plate (3) has a tenon (6) that joins the grooves (4) of both vertical frame members (2) on each side. And a through-hole (7) penetrating each vertical dimension at a common position. The closing plate (8) is slipped with both ends fitted into the notches (5) of both vertical frame members (2). The plate (3) cannot be moved and escaped, and is provided with a through hole (16) penetrating the vertical dimension. The through hole (7) of the sliding plate (3) and the through hole (7) of the closing plate (8) 16) communicates,
The sliding plate (3) and / or the closing plate (8) are fastening members (9a, 9b) inserted through the through holes (7, 16), and one horizontal frame member (1a) and the other horizontal frame member ( 1b), the fastening member (9a) fastened to one horizontal frame member (1a) and the fastening member (9b) fastened to the other horizontal frame member (1b) It overlaps in the horizontal direction at the middle part of the frame members (9a, 9b), and the reinforcing plate (15) has a size approximately equal to the inner dimensions of the horizontal frame members (1a, 1b) and the vertical frame members (2). A method for constructing the surface structure of a wooden building that is fixed to the finding surface of all sliding plates (3) and closing plates (8),
The joint (6) of the sliding plate (3) is introduced from the notch (5) into the groove (4) of both vertical frame members (2) and the sliding plate (3) is mounted on both vertical frame members (2). A process, a closing process in which both ends of the closing plate (8) are fitted and fixed in the notches (5) of both vertical frame members so that the sliding plate (3) cannot be escaped, and the sliding plate (3) is closed. A fastening step of fastening the plate (8) to the horizontal frame member (1a, 1b) by fastening members (9a, 9b), and a reinforcing plate (15) on the surface of the sliding plate (3) and the closing plate (8). A method for constructing a surface structure of a wooden structure, characterized by undergoing a fixing step of fixing.

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