JP6360742B2 - Antenna device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna device that transmits and receives radio waves in a predetermined frequency band.

  Conventionally, when broadcasting a news program or a sports program, video data shot by a TV camera at a coverage point is transmitted from a broadcast relay vehicle via a carrier wave (radio wave) such as a microwave or a quasi-microwave. For example, a transmission system is used that constitutes a broadcasting business radio station (FPU: Field Pickup Unit) that receives the transmission wave at a base station installed at a high place and transmits it to the head office for recording or broadcasting. .

  Here, in a transmission system of a broadcasting business radio station, for example, from a transmission wave from a mobile relay vehicle equipped with a TV camera, a transmission wave from a TV camera installed at a coverage point, or from a TV camera moved by a cameraman An FPU antenna device is used to receive the transmitted wave.

  Various techniques related to an FPU antenna device have been proposed (Patent Document 1 and the like).

JP-A-11-195913

  As a conventional antenna device for FPU, a parabolic antenna, a Yagi type antenna (Yagi-Uda antenna), or the like is used.

  By the way, in order to efficiently receive a transmission wave from a mobile relay vehicle, a TV camera, or the like by an FPU antenna device, the reception surface is manually or mechanically directed toward the direction in which the mobile relay vehicle or the like is located. It is necessary to move it to adjust.

  However, conventional parabolic antennas and Yagi type antennas have a disadvantage that it is difficult to accurately track the position of a mobile relay vehicle or a television camera because the half-value angle, which is a kind of antenna characteristic, is relatively narrow.

  In addition, since the conventional antenna device has a relatively narrow half-value angle as described above, the received electric field strength is greatly reduced due to a deviation in the direction with respect to the mobile relay vehicle or the television camera that is the reception target, and a sufficient gain is obtained. There was also a problem that sometimes it was not possible.

  Furthermore, the conventional antenna device often has a shape in which a large number of antenna elements protrude to the outside, resulting in poor aesthetics and poor portability.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention can make the half-value angle relatively wide, can suppress a decrease in electric field strength with respect to a direction deviation, and has excellent aesthetics and can improve portability. The object is to provide a device.

In order to solve the above-described problem, a first feature of an antenna device according to the present invention includes a radiator connected to a power feeding unit, and a waveguide disposed closer to a radio wave transmission / reception surface than the radiator. And a plurality of antenna units that are arranged on the side farther from the radio wave transmission / reception surface than the radiator, and a cylindrical housing that accommodates each antenna unit, In the unit, the director and the radiator are configured by a rod-shaped antenna element that extends in a longitudinal direction of the casing at a predetermined length, and the reflector is the antenna element that configures the radiator And the antenna units are attached at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction in the casing.

  A second feature of the antenna device according to the present invention is related to the first feature, wherein the reflectors are located at predetermined intervals on the arc and extend in the longitudinal direction so as to penetrate the antenna units. The gist of the invention is that it is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped antenna elements.

  A third feature of the antenna device according to the present invention is related to the first feature, wherein the reflector is located on the arc and has a conductive property extending in the longitudinal direction so as to penetrate the antenna units. The gist is that it is composed of a reflector.

  A fourth feature of the antenna device according to the present invention is related to the first to third features, and in each of the antenna units, a gap connecting to the feeding portion is formed in the middle of the antenna element constituting the radiator. It is a summary.

  A fifth feature of the antenna device according to the present invention relates to the first to fourth features. In each of the antenna units, the director, the radiator, and the reflector are arranged in parallel to each other. This is the gist.

  A sixth feature of the antenna device according to the present invention relates to the first to fifth features, and in each of the antenna units, a distance L1 between the director and the radiator, the radiator and the reflector. The relationship with the distance L2 is summarized as L1 <L2.

  A seventh feature of the antenna device according to the present invention relates to the first to sixth features, wherein the predetermined interval when the antenna units are attached in the longitudinal direction of the housing is a gain of the whole device. The gist is that the distance is the maximum.

  An eighth feature of the antenna device according to the present invention is related to the first to seventh features, and is summarized in that the cylindrical housing has a cylindrical shape including an upper lid member and a bottom lid member.

  According to the present invention, there is provided an antenna device capable of making a half-value angle relatively wide, suppressing a decrease in electric field strength with respect to a direction deviation, having excellent aesthetics, and improving portability. can do.

It is a perspective view showing a schematic structure of an antenna device concerning an embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the antenna device which concerns on embodiment. It is the BB sectional drawing of FIG. 2 which shows the structural example of the antenna unit applied to the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the directivity pattern in the transmission / reception surface of the antenna device which concerns on embodiment. It is a front view which shows the example of installation of the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the antenna unit applied to the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the antenna unit applied to the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the transmission system to which the antenna apparatus which concerns on embodiment is applied.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment as an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Here, in the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are given to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted. In addition, since description here is the best form by which this invention is implemented, this invention is not limited to the said form.

[Configuration example of antenna device]
The antenna device A1a according to the embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

  Note that the antenna device A1a according to the present embodiment can be applied to either transmission of radio waves or reception of radio waves, for example, in a transmission system constituting a broadcast business radio station (FPU: Field Pickup Unit). is there.

  Further, examples of usable frequency bands include a 1.2 GHz band and a 2.3 GHz band.

  The antenna device A1a according to the present embodiment is configured to receive vertically polarized waves (V polarized waves).

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating a schematic configuration of an antenna device A1a according to the embodiment, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration example of an antenna unit AU (AU1 to AU4) applied to the antenna device A1a, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

  In the configuration example shown in FIG. 1, an input / output terminal 13 is provided on the surface side of a cylindrical casing 10 formed of a resin including an upper lid member 11 and a bottom lid member 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2, four antenna units AU (AU1 to AU4) are attached to the antenna device A1a according to the present embodiment at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction in the housing 10.

  Each of the antenna units AU1 to AU4 includes a radiator 1 (1a, 1b) connected to a power feeding unit (not shown), and a radio wave transmission / reception surface (as shown in FIG. 2 and the like) from the radiator 1 (1a, 1b). And a reflector 2 disposed on the side closer to the surface D) which is perpendicular to the radio wave transmission / reception direction C, and a reflection disposed on the side farther from the radio wave transmission / reception surface D than the radiator 1 (1a, 1b). And 3.

  2 and 3, in each of the antenna units AU1 to AU4, the waveguide 2 and the radiator 1 (1a, 1b) have a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the housing 10 (for a specific example, (Which will be described later).

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the reflector 3 is provided on the circular arc 500 centering on the antenna element which comprises the radiator 1 (1a, 1b).

  In the configuration example shown in FIG. 3, the reflector 3 is positioned on the arc 500 at a predetermined interval (45 degrees) and extends in the longitudinal direction so as to penetrate the antenna units AU1 to AU4. The antenna elements 3a to 3e are configured.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the waveguide 2, the radiators 1 (1a, 1b), and the reflectors 3 constituting the antenna units AU1 to AU4 are made of an insulating support member 20 made of foamed resin or the like. Is held by.

  In each of the antenna units AU1 to AU4, a gap G that is connected to a power feeding unit (not shown) is formed in the middle of the antenna element constituting the radiator 1. Note that the gap interval is, for example, about 1 mm. As shown in FIG. 2, in each of the antenna units AU1 to AU4, the waveguide 2, the radiator 1 (1a, 1b), and the reflector 3 are arranged in parallel to each other.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in each antenna unit AU1 to AU4, the distance L1 between the waveguide 2 and the radiator 1 (1a, 1b), the radiator 1 (1a, 1b), and the reflector 3 (3a). To 3e) are configured such that L1 <L2.

  Furthermore, the predetermined interval d when the antenna units AU1 to AU4 are attached in the longitudinal direction of the housing 10 is a distance that maximizes the gain of the entire apparatus.

  Specifically, when designed for a frequency of 1.27 GHz, L1 = 35 mm and L2 = 59 mm. The interval d is preferably 189 mm.

  In this case, the dimensions of the parts a, b, c, and g shown in FIG. 2 are preferably a = 87 mm, b = 108 mm, c = 675 mm, and g = 140 mm.

  Further, when designed for a frequency of 2.35 GHz, L1 = 19 mm and L2 = 32 mm. The interval d is preferably 102 mm.

  In this case, the dimensions of the portions a, b, c, and g shown in FIG. 2 are preferably a = 46 mm, b = 59 mm, c = 365 mm, and g = 140 mm.

  Further, when a power supply line (not shown) having an impedance of 50Ω is connected in parallel to the gap G included in the radiator 1 (1a, 1b) via the power supply unit, the impedance is 12.5Ω. Then, it is connected to an impedance converter that converts 12.5Ω to 50Ω and adjusted to have an impedance of 50Ω.

  The antenna device A1a according to the embodiment having such a configuration has a directivity pattern as shown in FIG.

  And at the frequencies of 1.27 GHz and 2.35 GHz, the antenna gain was 12 dBi, the half-value angle was horizontal: 90 degrees, and the elevation angle: 15 degrees.

  As described above, according to the antenna device A1a according to the present embodiment, the half-value angle can be made relatively wide, and a decrease in electric field strength with respect to the direction deviation can be suppressed.

[Example of antenna device installation]
The antenna device A1a according to the embodiment can be attached to a tripod 200 via a fixture 201, for example, as shown in FIG.

  Then, the direction of the horizontal direction or the vertical direction is adjusted by operating the handle 202 provided in the tripod 200.

  Thereby, according to the position of a mobile relay vehicle, a television camera, etc., the direction of the transmission / reception surface of antenna apparatus A1a can be adjusted, and a radio wave can be received or radiated efficiently.

  Note that the antenna device A1a is not limited to being installed using the tripod 200, but may be connected to the TV camera 401 or the like and carried by an operator or the like.

  Moreover, you may make it fix antenna apparatus A1a to the wall surface etc. of a building using a mounting bracket etc.

[Another configuration example of the antenna unit]
With reference to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, another configuration example of the antenna unit that can be applied to the antenna device A1a according to the present embodiment will be described.

  In the configuration example (antenna unit AU11) shown in FIG. 6, the reflectors 30 are positioned on the arc 500 at predetermined intervals (30 degrees each), and are seven rod-shaped antenna elements extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing. It is comprised by 30a-30g.

  In the configuration example (antenna unit AU12) shown in FIG. 7, the reflector 40 is formed of a conductive reflector that is positioned on the arc 500 and extends in the longitudinal direction so as to penetrate each antenna unit. Yes.

  The antenna device A1a using the antenna units AU11 and AU12 including the reflectors 30 and 40 can achieve the same effects as the case where the reflector 3 is provided.

[Another configuration example of the antenna device]
In the antenna device A1a described above, the configuration example in which the four antenna units AU1 to AU4 are provided has been described, but the antenna device A1 according to the embodiment is not limited to this.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, two antenna units AU1 and AU2 may be attached in the longitudinal direction in the housing 10 at a predetermined interval.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, it is good also as a structure which attaches three antenna units AU1-AU3 in the longitudinal direction in the housing | casing 10 at predetermined intervals.

  Further, although not shown, eight antenna units AU may be attached at a predetermined interval, or any other number of antenna units AU may be attached.

  Further, the antenna units AU11 and AU12 described above may be used.

[Application example to transmission system]
With reference to FIG. 10, an example in which the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the embodiment is applied to an FPU transmission system S1 will be described.

  In the transmission system S1 illustrated in FIG. 10, the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) is applied to the handy FPU 400.

  Note that an ordinary omnidirectional antenna device A3 is mounted on the mobile relay vehicle 301 constituting the in-vehicle FPU 300.

  In the handy type FPU 400, the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) is connected to the portable television camera 401, and the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) is fixed to a tripod, or an operator or the like carries the device. You can do that.

  Furthermore, the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the embodiment can be applied to a relay base TS1 for television broadcasting or the like constructed on the roof of a predetermined building 501 or the like. In this case, antenna device A1 (A1a-A1c) is installed so that the direction of a transmission / reception surface can be adjusted manually or mechanically.

  In the transmission system S1 shown in FIG. 10, a broadcasting studio 502 that performs recording and broadcasting is used.

  For example, when a mobile relay car 301 is used to broadcast a marathon or other outdoor game, a video of a competitor or the like is captured by the in-vehicle camera 302, and video data is transmitted from the mounted antenna device A3. Radiates as. Part of the radiated transmission wave W2a is transmitted as a transmission wave W3a to the broadcast studio 502 via the relay base TS1.

  At this time, the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) installed at the relay base TS1 is manually or so that the mobile relay vehicle 301 is positioned substantially on the normal line of the transmission / reception plane D in accordance with the movement of the mobile relay vehicle 301. The orientation is adjusted mechanically. Note that the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the first embodiment has a relatively wide half-value angle as described above, so that the mobile relay vehicle 301 is relatively close (for example, 2 km). Even in the case of moving, it is possible to align relatively easily as compared with the conventional case.

  In addition, for example, when a television relay such as golf is performed using the handy-type FPU 400, a video is shot by the TV camera 401, and the video data is radiated as a transmission wave from the connected antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c). . Part of the radiated transmission wave W1a is transmitted as a transmission wave W3a to the broadcast studio 502 via the relay base TS1.

  Further, as in this example, when relaying golf, a plurality of antenna devices A1 (A1a to A1c) are installed in the golf course, and the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) connected to the TV camera 401 is used. You may make it relay the transmission wave transmitted sequentially. At this time, the orientation is adjusted manually or mechanically so that the television camera 401 is positioned substantially on the normal line of the transmission / reception surface D in accordance with the movement or switching of the television camera 401. Note that the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the embodiment has a relatively wide half-value angle as described above, and therefore can be relatively easily aligned as compared with the conventional art.

  In addition, when adjusting the direction of antenna apparatus A1 (A1a-A1c), it is good to adjust to the direction where electric field strength is stronger using the measuring device of electric field strength.

  As described above, according to the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the present embodiment, the half-value angle can be made relatively wide, and a decrease in the electric field strength with respect to the direction deviation can be suppressed.

  In addition, unlike the conventional antenna device, the antenna element does not protrude to the outside, so that the aesthetics are excellent and the portability can be improved.

  Although the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiments, the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative in all respects and are not limited to the disclosed technology. Should not be considered. That is, the technical scope of the present invention should not be construed restrictively based on the description in the above embodiment, but should be construed according to the description of the scope of claims. All modifications that fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology are included.

  For example, although an FPU transmission system S1 as shown in FIG. 10 is shown as an application example of the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this.

  Specifically, for example, in a venue such as a theater, the antenna according to the present embodiment is used to transmit and receive audio data and the like to and from various wireless devices (wireless microphones, wireless headphones, etc.) worn or carried by performers. Apparatus A1 (A1a-A1c) can be used. At this time, the antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) can be installed at a predetermined position in the hall by being fixed to a tripod or the like or fixed to a wall or the like.

  The antenna device A1 (A1a to A1c) according to the present embodiment can also be applied to transmission / reception of radio waves in a wireless LAN or amateur radio.

A1 (A1a, A1b, A1c), A3 ... Antenna device AU (AU1 to AU4, AU11, AU12) ... Antenna unit 1 (1a, 1b) ... Radiator 2 ... Waveguide 3, 30, 40 ... Reflector 3a- 3e, 30a to 30g ... Antenna element 10 ... Housing 11 ... Upper lid member 12 ... Bottom lid member 13 ... Input / output terminal 20 ... Support member 200 ... Tripod 201 ... Fixture 202 ... Handle 300 ... In-vehicle FPU
301 ... mobile relay vehicle 302 ... in-vehicle camera 400 ... handy FPU
401 ... TV camera 501 ... Building 502 ... Broadcast studio D ... Transmission / reception surface G ... Gap S1 ... Transmission system TS1 ... Relay base

Claims (8)

A radiator connected to the power supply unit;
A waveguide disposed closer to the transmission / reception surface of radio waves than the radiator;
A plurality of antenna units composed of a reflector disposed on a side farther from the transmission / reception surface of radio waves than the radiator;
A cylindrical housing for accommodating each antenna unit,
In each of the antenna units, the director and the radiator are composed of rod-shaped antenna elements that are extended by a predetermined length in the longitudinal direction of the casing,
The reflector is provided on an arc set so as to be accommodated in the cylindrical casing around the antenna element constituting the radiator,
Each antenna unit is attached at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction in the casing.   2. The reflector is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped antenna elements that are positioned at predetermined intervals on the arc and extend in the longitudinal direction so as to penetrate the antenna units. The antenna device according to 1.   The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the reflector is configured by a conductive reflector that is positioned on the arc and extends in a longitudinal direction so as to penetrate the antenna units. .   The gap of connecting to the said electric power feeding part is formed in the middle of the antenna element which comprises the said radiator in each said antenna unit, The any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Antenna device.   5. The antenna device according to claim 1, wherein in each of the antenna units, the director, the radiator, and the reflector are arranged in parallel to each other.   In each of the antenna units, a relationship between a distance L1 between the director and the radiator and a distance L2 between the radiator and the reflector is L1 <L2. The antenna device according to claim 5.   The predetermined distance when each antenna unit is attached in the longitudinal direction of the casing is a distance that maximizes the gain of the entire apparatus. The antenna device according to item.   The antenna apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the cylindrical casing has a cylindrical shape including an upper lid member and a bottom lid member.

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