JP6359804B2 - 音響機器 - Google Patents
音響機器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6359804B2 JP6359804B2 JP2013093770A JP2013093770A JP6359804B2 JP 6359804 B2 JP6359804 B2 JP 6359804B2 JP 2013093770 A JP2013093770 A JP 2013093770A JP 2013093770 A JP2013093770 A JP 2013093770A JP 6359804 B2 JP6359804 B2 JP 6359804B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- user
- acoustic device
- ear
- panel
- vibration
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 241000746998 Tragus Species 0.000 claims description 34
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 claims description 15
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MOVRNJGDXREIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N aid-1 Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1C1OC(COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)COP(O)(=O)OC2C(OC(C2)N2C3=C(C(NC(N)=N3)=O)N=C2)CO)C(O)C1 MOVRNJGDXREIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000860 cochlear nerve Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead zirconate titanate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Zr+4].[Pb+2] HFGPZNIAWCZYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052451 lead zirconate titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000883 ear external Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nobelium Chemical compound [No] ORQBXQOJMQIAOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
- H04R25/604—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of acoustic or vibrational transducers
- H04R25/606—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of acoustic or vibrational transducers acting directly on the eardrum, the ossicles or the skull, e.g. mastoid, tooth, maxillary or mandibular bone, or mechanically stimulating the cochlea, e.g. at the oval window
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
- H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
- H04R17/005—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers using a piezoelectric polymer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2225/00—Details of deaf aids covered by H04R25/00, not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2225/025—In the ear hearing aids [ITE] hearing aids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2430/01—Aspects of volume control, not necessarily automatic, in sound systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2460/09—Non-occlusive ear tips, i.e. leaving the ear canal open, for both custom and non-custom tips
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/02—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception adapted to be supported entirely by ear
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
- Piezo-Electric Transducers For Audible Bands (AREA)
Description
(実施の形態)
図1は本発明の一実施形態に係る音響機器1のブロック図である。音響機器1は、例えば補聴器1であって、振動部10と、マイク部20と、制御部30と、音量調整インタフェース部40と、記憶部50とを備える。
10 音発生部(振動部)
20 マイク部
30 制御部
31 アナログデジタル変換部
32 信号処理部
33 デジタルアナログ変換部
34 圧電アンプ
40 音量調整インタフェース部
50 記憶部
101 圧電素子
102 パネル
103 保持部
Claims (17)
- ユーザの耳の耳輪脚よりも上方か或は対耳輪よりも上方に位置する対耳輪下脚の内側に一端部が当接し、且つ、前記ユーザの耳の耳珠と対耳珠との間の空間よりも下方の窪みに他端部が当接する保持部と、
前記保持部によって保持されるとともに、音声信号に応じて前記ユーザに対して音を聞かせる振動部とを備える、
音響機器。 - 前記振動部が、圧電素子と該圧電素子によって湾曲するパネルとを備え、
前記パネルからユーザの耳に振動を伝達させる、
請求項1に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記ユーザの耳の内側から、前記ユーザの耳珠に当接して、前記振動を耳珠に伝達させることにより、音をユーザに聞かせる
請求項2に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記ユーザの耳の内側から、前記ユーザの対耳珠に当接して、前記振動を対耳珠に伝達させることにより、音をユーザに聞かせる
請求項2に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部のパネルが湾曲する方向と、前記保持部がユーザの耳に装着されたときに生じる保持部の湾曲の方向とは異なる
請求項2乃至4のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 当該音響機器によって、前記ユーザの外耳道が密閉されない請求項1乃至5のいずれかに記載の音響機器。
- 前記パネルは、当該パネルの中央を腹、該腹の両側を節として振動し、
前記パネルの中央近傍が前記耳珠に当接する
請求項3に記載の音響機器。 - 前記パネルは、当該パネルの中央を腹、該腹の両側を節として振動し、
前記パネルの中央近傍が前記対耳珠に当接する
請求項4に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記ユーザの耳の外側から、前記ユーザの耳珠に当接して、前記振動を耳珠に伝達させることにより、音をユーザに聞かせる
請求項2に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記ユーザの耳の外側から、前記ユーザの対耳珠に当接して、前記振動を対耳珠に伝達させることにより、音をユーザに聞かせる
請求項2に記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部により、前記ユーザの耳の内部で、外耳道放射音を発生させる
請求項2乃至10のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記ユーザの耳に、0.1Nから3Nの力で押圧されている
請求項2乃至11のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 前記圧電素子は、板状をなし、
前記パネルは、前記圧電素子の主面の面積の、0.8倍から10倍の面積を有する
請求項2乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - さらにマイク部を備える
請求項1乃至13のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記保持部の前記一端部と前記他端部とを結ぶ第1の方向において、前記保持部よりも長さが短い
請求項1乃至14のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 前記振動部は、前記保持部の前記一端部と前記他端部とを結ぶ第1の方向における前記保持部の前記一端部と前記他端部との間の領域で、当該保持部に保持されている
請求項1乃至15のいずれかに記載の音響機器。 - 前記保持部は、前記ユーザの耳輪脚に対向する部位が湾曲している
請求項1乃至16のいずれかに記載の音響機器。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013093770A JP6359804B2 (ja) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | 音響機器 |
PCT/JP2014/002318 WO2014174850A1 (ja) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-24 | 音響機器 |
US14/786,803 US9591414B2 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-24 | Acoustic device |
DK14788459.7T DK2991369T3 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-24 | Acoustic decor |
EP14788459.7A EP2991369B1 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-04-24 | Acoustic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013093770A JP6359804B2 (ja) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | 音響機器 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2014216902A JP2014216902A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
JP6359804B2 true JP6359804B2 (ja) | 2018-07-18 |
Family
ID=51791438
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013093770A Active JP6359804B2 (ja) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | 音響機器 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9591414B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2991369B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6359804B2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2991369T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014174850A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6048628B1 (ja) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-12-21 | 第一精工株式会社 | イヤホン |
JP7101030B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-12 | 2022-07-14 | リオン株式会社 | 電気音響変換器、アダプタ付き電気音響変換器及び音響機器 |
US10291253B1 (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2019-05-14 | Raul Barnett | Piezoelectric magnetic digital to analog converter |
US10531173B2 (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-01-07 | Facebook Technologies, Llc | Apparatus, system, and method for tragus conduction hearable device |
JP2022173664A (ja) * | 2021-05-10 | 2022-11-22 | ヤマハ株式会社 | イヤホン用の保持部材およびイヤホン |
Family Cites Families (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5588497A (en) * | 1978-12-25 | 1980-07-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Ear receiver |
NO312989B3 (no) * | 2000-11-01 | 2007-07-04 | Metafax As | Anordning ved tradlos overforing mellom en mikrofon/oretelefon og en mobiltelefon, telefon, sentralbord eller lignende |
US6643378B2 (en) * | 2001-03-02 | 2003-11-04 | Daniel R. Schumaier | Bone conduction hearing aid |
CA2817889C (en) * | 2002-05-10 | 2016-10-25 | Carl L. C. Kah, Jr. | External ear insert for hearing comprehension enhancement |
WO2004100508A1 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-18 | Cellpoint Connect Aps | Audio headset |
DE102005029514B4 (de) * | 2005-06-25 | 2017-06-29 | Deutsch-Französisches Forschungsinstitut Saint-Louis | Gehörschutzstöpsel |
JP4683635B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-30 | 2011-05-18 | Necトーキン株式会社 | 受話装置 |
JP2007165938A (ja) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-06-28 | Nec Tokin Corp | 受話装置 |
EP2033487B1 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2013-03-20 | GN Resound A/S | A hearing aid with an elongate member |
US8374367B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2013-02-12 | Gn Resound A/S | Hearing aid with a flexible elongated member |
US8249287B2 (en) * | 2010-08-16 | 2012-08-21 | Bose Corporation | Earpiece positioning and retaining |
AU2007292796A1 (en) | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-13 | Temco Japan Co., Ltd. | Bone conduction speaker |
US7856111B2 (en) * | 2006-10-04 | 2010-12-21 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Hearing aid with sound tube serving for retention in concha |
JP2009232443A (ja) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-10-08 | Nec Tokin Corp | 受話装置 |
DE102009014770A1 (de) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-09-30 | Cochlear Ltd., Lane Cove | Schwingungserzeuger |
JP5662254B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-08 | 2015-01-28 | 威雄 相野谷 | 音声出力装置 |
-
2013
- 2013-04-26 JP JP2013093770A patent/JP6359804B2/ja active Active
-
2014
- 2014-04-24 DK DK14788459.7T patent/DK2991369T3/en active
- 2014-04-24 EP EP14788459.7A patent/EP2991369B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-04-24 US US14/786,803 patent/US9591414B2/en active Active
- 2014-04-24 WO PCT/JP2014/002318 patent/WO2014174850A1/ja active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK2991369T3 (en) | 2018-10-22 |
EP2991369B1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
JP2014216902A (ja) | 2014-11-17 |
EP2991369A1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
WO2014174850A1 (ja) | 2014-10-30 |
US9591414B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
EP2991369A4 (en) | 2016-12-21 |
US20160182993A1 (en) | 2016-06-23 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6240401B2 (ja) | 音響再生機器及び集音型音響再生機器 | |
JP6359807B2 (ja) | 音響再生機器 | |
JP4683635B2 (ja) | 受話装置 | |
WO2013145738A1 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
JP2007165938A (ja) | 受話装置 | |
WO2013145758A1 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
WO2013179629A1 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
JP6359804B2 (ja) | 音響機器 | |
JP6022211B2 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
EP2991377B1 (en) | Acoustic apparatus | |
JP2019071525A (ja) | 音響装置及び当該音響装置が取り付けられる音響システム | |
JP6250950B2 (ja) | 音響機器 | |
JP6169881B2 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
JP2014216903A5 (ja) | ||
JP6282825B2 (ja) | 電子機器 | |
JP2014096739A (ja) | イヤホン |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160115 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170328 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170526 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20171024 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20171219 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20180522 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20180621 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6359804 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |