JP6341356B2 - Musical sound generating apparatus, musical sound generating method and program - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a musical sound generating apparatus, a musical sound generating method, and a program for reproducing a musical sound change similar to a natural musical instrument or a musical sound change that cannot be expressed by a natural musical instrument.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique for giving various changes to a musical tone mute instruction operation, that is, a musical tone after a key release has been known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a musical sound waveform that detects a touch position when a key is released based on a touch sensor provided on the surface of a key and silences the sound according to the detected touch position and the current sound generation state. A technique is disclosed in which a musical tone waveform sample (waveform data) and an envelope of a release part are designated, respectively, and a musical sound after key-off is formed using the designated musical tone waveform sample (waveform data) and envelope of the designated release part.

  In recent years, electronic musical instruments that simulate a decay mechanism of a natural musical instrument that causes a certain volume increase or timbre change when a musical sound muting instruction operation such as a key release is performed are also known. This type of electronic musical instrument allows the user to set the level and rate of the breakpoint of the envelope at the release stage after a musical sound muting instruction operation such as key release, thereby simulating the release characteristics of a natural instrument and instructing the musical sound muting. The volume and tone of the musical tone (attenuating sound) after operation are modified.

JP 2008-216871 A

  By the way, when the user can set the release level and the release rate as the target values in the release stage after the musical sound mute instruction operation, as in the electronic musical instrument simulating the attenuation mechanism described above, for example, as shown in FIG. In addition, depending on the timing of the musical sound mute instruction operation, there is a possibility that release control different from that intended by the user is performed.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 19, when the sound mute instruction is performed at the second timing when the volume envelope waveform is smaller than the release level of the target value set by the user, the volume envelope is temporarily set to the release level of the target value. It is possible to simulate an attenuation mechanism of a natural musical instrument that causes an increase in sound volume or a change in timbre during a musical tone mute instruction operation by a release characteristic that is attenuated according to a release rate set by the user.

  On the other hand, if the musical sound mute instruction is operated at the first timing that is greater than the release level of the target value set by the user, the volume envelope waveform is forced to the release level of the target value set by the user. After attenuating automatically, there is a negative effect that the release control is a two-stage attenuation that attenuates according to the release rate set by the user from the release level, that is, a release control different from the one intended by the user.

  Therefore, in other words, depending on the timing of the musical sound mute instruction operation, it is not possible to reproduce the same musical sound change as a natural instrument or a musical sound change that cannot be expressed with a natural musical instrument as intended by the user. There is a problem.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, regardless of the timing of the musical sound mute instruction operation, the musical sound change similar to the natural musical instrument as the user intended, or the musical sound change that cannot be expressed by the natural musical instrument It is an object to provide a musical sound generating apparatus, a musical sound generating method, and a program that can reproduce the above.

In order to achieve the above object, a musical tone generating apparatus according to the present invention includes an envelope generating means for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical sound generation instruction operation, a detecting means for detecting a velocity during a musical sound muting instruction operation, and the detected musical sound. Release target level setting means for setting the release target level by adding the offset value corresponding to the velocity at the time of mute instruction operation to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation, and for the set release target level certain rising and falling characteristics of the release waveform, and release corrugator means the envelope generating means is applied to the envelope waveform generated, the tone generation instructing according envelope waveform release waveform imparted by the release corrugator means Easy to control musical sounds that are instructed by operation Characterized by comprising a control means.

In the musical sound generating method of the present invention, an envelope waveform is generated in response to the musical sound generation instruction operation, and the detected offset value corresponding to the velocity at the musical sound muting instruction operation is set to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the musical sound muting instruction operation. certain rising and falling characteristics of the release waveform applied to the envelope waveform to the addition to the set release target level, and wherein the controller controls the musical tone in accordance with the envelope waveform which the release waveform is applied To do.

Further, in the program of the present invention, an envelope generating step for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical tone sounding instruction operation, a detecting step for detecting a velocity during a musical sound muting instruction operation, and the detected musical sound muting instruction operation time. A release target level setting step for setting a release target level by adding an offset value corresponding to velocity to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation, and a constant rise and rise with respect to the set release target level the edge characteristics of release waveform, and release corrugator step of applying the envelope waveform generated by the envelope generator step, the indicated tone of the generator according to the envelope waveform release waveform is applied at the release corrugator step Tone control to control Characterized in that to execute the steps.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to reproduce a musical sound change similar to a natural musical instrument or a musical sound change that cannot be expressed by a natural musical instrument as intended by the user, regardless of the timing of the musical sound muting instruction operation.

It is a block diagram which shows the whole structure of the musical sound generator 100 by one Embodiment of this invention. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sound source 16. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the parameter which forms an oscillator envelope waveform. It is a figure for demonstrating the parameter which forms a filter envelope waveform. It is a figure for demonstrating the parameter which forms an amplifier envelope waveform. It is a figure which shows an example of a filter envelope waveform. It is a figure which shows the filter envelope waveform which has a release area | region respectively corresponding to the 1st-3rd key release timing shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of an amplifier envelope waveform. It is a figure which shows the amplifier envelope waveform which has a release area | region respectively corresponding to the 1st-3rd key release timing shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a key press envelope process. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of an envelope steady process. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of an envelope steady process subroutine. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of an envelope steady process subroutine. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of an envelope steady process subroutine. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a key release envelope parameter calculation process. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a key release envelope process. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a key release envelope process. It is a flowchart which shows the operation | movement of a key release envelope process. It is a figure for demonstrating a prior art.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
A. Configuration FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of a musical sound generating apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this figure, the keyboard 10 generates keyboard information including a key-on / key-off signal, a key number, a velocity, and the like corresponding to the key release / release operation. The keyboard information generated by the keyboard 10 is supplied to the sound source 16 via the CPU 13.

  The operation unit 11 includes various switches such as a timbre selection switch for selecting a tone color of a generated musical tone in addition to a power switch for powering on / off the apparatus power supply, and generates a switch event of a type corresponding to the switch operation. To do. Based on the display control signal supplied from the CPU 13, the display unit 12 displays the parameter setting state, operation state, and the like of each part of the apparatus on the screen.

  The CPU 13 sets the operation state of each part of the apparatus based on various switch events supplied from the operation unit 11, and instructs the sound source 16 to generate musical sounds based on the keyboard information supplied from the keyboard 10. The characteristic processing operation of the CPU 13 according to the present invention will be described in detail later. The ROM 14 stores various control programs loaded on the CPU 13. The various control programs include a key-pressing envelope process, an envelope steady process, an envelope steady process subroutine, a key release envelope parameter calculation process, and a key release envelope process which will be described later.

  The RAM 15 includes a work area WE and a data area DE. In the work area WE of the RAM 15, various register / flag data used for the processing of the CPU 13 are temporarily stored. In the data area DE of the RAM 15, various parameters for forming, for example, a filter envelope waveform, an amplifier envelope waveform, and a filter envelope waveform are stored. The contents of various parameters forming the envelope waveform will be described later.

  The tone generator 16 is configured by a well-known waveform memory reading method, and generates tone data W of tone color, pitch and volume specified by keyboard information and tone parameters supplied from the CPU 13. A specific configuration of the sound source 16 will be described later. The waveform ROM 17 stores waveform data of various timbres. The sound system 18 converts the musical tone data W output from the sound source 16 into an analog musical tone signal, performs filtering such as removing unnecessary noise from the musical tone signal, and then amplifies this to generate sound from the speaker. .

B. Next, the configuration of the sound source 16 will be described with reference to FIG. The sound source 16 is composed of a known DSP. Therefore, the configuration illustrated in FIG. 2 corresponds to a functional block in which each function of the microprogram executed in the DSP is regarded as a hardware image.

  The sound source 16 shown in FIG. 2 mixes the tone generators 16-1 to 16-64 respectively corresponding to 64 simultaneous sound generation channels and the outputs of these tone generators 16-1 to 16-64. And a mixer 16g for generating musical sound data W.

  A tone generator 16-n provided corresponding to one tone generation channel includes a digital control oscillator (hereinafter referred to as DCO) 16a, a DCO envelope generator (hereinafter referred to as DCO EG) 16b, a digital control filter (hereinafter referred to as DCO EG). A DCF envelope generator (hereinafter referred to as DCF EG) 16d, a digital control amplifier (hereinafter referred to as DCA) 16e, and a DCA envelope generator (hereinafter referred to as DCA EG) 16f.

  The DCO 16a reads the tone color waveform data specified by the musical tone parameter supplied from the CPU 13 from the waveform ROM 17 at a reading speed corresponding to an oscillator envelope waveform (described later) output from the DCO EG 16b. As a result, the waveform data of the timbre specified by the musical tone parameter is reproduced at a pitch corresponding to the key number of the pressed key. The DCO EG 16b generates an oscillator envelope waveform having a shape specified by a musical tone parameter supplied from the CPU 13 in accordance with the keyboard information.

  An example of an oscillator envelope waveform is illustrated in FIG. In the DCO EG 16b, musical tone parameters supplied from the CPU 13, that is, initial level IL, attack rate AR, attack level AL, decay rate DR, sustain level SL, release rate RR1, release rate RR2, release level offset RLO shown in FIG. In addition, according to the final level FL, an oscillator envelope waveform is formed for each ADSR region from when the key is pressed (key-on) to when the key is released (key-off).

  The DCF 16c modulates the cut-off frequency according to the filter envelope waveform output from the DCF EG 16d to change the low-pass characteristic, thereby controlling the tone color of the waveform data output from the preceding DCO 16a. The DCF EG 16d generates a filter envelope waveform having a shape specified by a musical tone parameter supplied from the CPU 13 in accordance with the keyboard information.

  An example of the filter envelope waveform is shown in FIG. In the DCF EG 16d, musical tone parameters supplied from the CPU 13, that is, initial level IL, attack rate AR, attack level AL, decay rate DR, sustain level SL, release rate RR1, release rate RR2, release level offset RLO shown in FIG. In addition, according to the final level FL, a filter envelope waveform is formed in each ADSR region from when the key is pressed (key-on) to when the key is released (key-off).

  The DCA 16e variably controls the amplification factor according to the amplifier envelope waveform supplied from the DCA EG 16f to control the volume (amplitude) of the waveform data output from the previous DCF 16c. The DCA EG 16f generates an amplifier envelope waveform having a shape specified by a musical tone parameter supplied from the CPU 13 in accordance with keyboard information.

  An example of the amplifier envelope waveform is shown in FIG. In the DCA EG 16f, the musical tone parameters supplied from the CPU 13, that is, the initial level IL, attack rate AR, attack level AL, decay rate DR, sustain level SL, release rate RR1, release rate RR2, release level Ratio shown in FIG. According to the final level FL, an envelope waveform in each waveform area of ADSR from key depression (key-on) to key release (key-off) is formed and output.

  In such a configuration, a characteristic technical matter relating to the gist of the present invention is that an amplifier envelope generated by the DCA EG 16f is provided by providing a release level offset RLO in the oscillator envelope waveform generated by the DCO EG 16b and the filter envelope waveform generated by the DCF EG 16d. The release level Ratio is provided in the envelope waveform.

The release level offset RLO defined in the oscillator envelope waveform and the filter envelope waveform is an offset value to be added to the envelope value at the time of key release, and is calculated by the following equation (1).
A + (Velocity at key release / 127) × (B−A) (1)
In the above equation (1), the minimum offset value A and the maximum offset value B are values set in advance by the user, and the minimum offset value A is the offset value when the key release velocity is minimum, and the maximum offset value B. Is the offset value when the velocity at the time of key release is maximum.

  That is, the release level offset RLO calculated by the above equation (1) is linearly interpolated between the minimum offset value A and the maximum offset value B according to the velocity value when the key is actually released (interpolation interpolation). ) To obtain the offset value. The release level offset RLO calculated in this way is added to the envelope value at the time of key release to become the target level (release level) of the release waveform area.

  Here, a change example of the filter envelope waveform in which the release level offset RLO is defined will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 collectively shows envelope waveforms of release areas that change at different key release timings (first to third key release timings) when the key release velocity is constant. (A)-(c) shows the whole filter envelope waveform divided according to the 1st-3rd key release timing.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A, when the first key release is performed when the filter envelope waveform is in the decay region, the envelope value at the time of the first key release timing is The target level of the release waveform area is set by adding the release level offset RLO acquired by the above equation (1).

  The release value RR1 increases from the envelope value at the time of the first key release timing to the target level. In this case, since the target level of the release waveform area to which the release level offset RLO is added exceeds the maximum value of the filter envelope waveform, the release waveform of the release area is limited to the maximum value, and then the release rate RR2 up to the final level FL. Decrease.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7B, when the second key release is performed when the filter envelope waveform reaches the zero level, the second key release timing point is displayed. The target level of the release waveform area is set by adding the release level offset RLO obtained by the above equation (1) to the envelope value. The value increases from the envelope value at the time of the second key release timing to the target level at the release rate RR1, and decreases from the target level to the final level FL at the release rate RR2.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7C, when the third key release is performed when the filter envelope waveform is in the sustain region, the envelope value at the third key release timing point In addition, the release level offset RLO acquired by the above equation (1) is added to set the target level of the release waveform area. It increases from the envelope value at the time of the third key release timing to the target level at the release rate RR1, and decreases from the target level to the final level FL at the release rate RR2.

  As described above, in the filter envelope waveform in which the release level offset RLO is defined, the target level obtained by adding the release level offset RLO calculated by the above equation (1) to the envelope value at the time of key release is set, and Since it increases at the release rate RR1 up to the target level and decreases at the release rate RR2 from the target level, a release region having a constant rising / falling characteristic is always formed regardless of the key release timing. In addition, although it demonstrated using the filter envelope waveform here, it is the same also about an oscillator envelope waveform.

Next, the release level Ratio defined by the amplifier envelope waveform will be described. The release level Ratio is a coefficient by which the envelope value at the time of key release is multiplied and is calculated by the following equation (2).
A + (Velocity at key release / 127) × (B−A) (2)
In the above equation (2), the ratio minimum value A and the ratio maximum value B are values set in advance by the user. The ratio minimum value A is a coefficient when the key release velocity is minimum, and the ratio maximum value B is This is the coefficient when the velocity at the time of key release is maximum.

  That is, the release level Ratio calculated by the above equation (2) is linearly interpolated between the minimum ratio value A and the maximum ratio value B according to the velocity value when the key is actually released (interpolation interpolation). This is the coefficient obtained. The release level Ratio thus calculated is multiplied by the envelope value at the time of key release to become the target level of the release waveform area.

  Next, with reference to FIGS. 8 to 9, a description will be given of examples of changes in the amplifier envelope waveform in which the release level Ratio is defined. FIG. 8 collectively shows the envelope waveforms of the release areas that change at different key release timings (first to third key release timings) when the key release velocity is constant. (A)-(c) shows the whole amplifier envelope waveform divided according to the 1st-3rd key release timing.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9A, when the first key release is performed when the amplifier envelope waveform is in the decay region, the envelope value at the time of the first key release timing is The target level of the release waveform area is set by multiplying the release level Ratio acquired by the above equation (2).

  The release value RR1 increases from the envelope value at the time of the first key release timing to the target level. In this case, since the target level of the release waveform area multiplied by the release level Ratio exceeds the maximum value of the amplifier envelope waveform, the envelope waveform in the release area is limited to the maximum value, and then the release level RR2 until the final level FL. Decrease.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9B, when the key is released at the second key release timing, the release value obtained by the above equation (2) is used as the envelope value at the time of the key release. The target level of the release waveform area is set by multiplying the level Ratio. The value increases from the envelope value at the time of the second key release timing to the target level at the release rate RR1, and decreases from the target level to the final level FL at the release rate RR2.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9C, when the key is released at the third key release timing, the release level obtained by the above equation (2) is added to the envelope value at the time of the key release. The target level of the release waveform area is set by multiplying Ratio. Then, the value increases from the envelope value at the time of the third key release timing to the target level at the release rate RR1, and decreases from the target level to the final level FL at the release rate RR2.

  Thus, in the amplifier envelope waveform in which the release level Ratio is defined, the target level of the release waveform area is set by multiplying the envelope value at the time of key release by the release level Ratio calculated by the above equation (2), Since it increases at the release rate RR1 up to the target level and decreases at the release rate RR2 from the target level, a release region having a constant rising / falling characteristic is always formed regardless of the key release timing.

Therefore, if we summarize the contents explained above,
(A) The DCO EG 16b sets the target level of the release waveform area by adding the release level offset RLO corresponding to the key release velocity to the envelope value at the time of key release, and increases to the target level at the release rate RR1. Since a release waveform that decreases from the target level at the release rate RR2 is generated, a release waveform having a constant rising / falling characteristic is always formed regardless of the timing at which the key is released. As a result, it is possible to reproduce a pitch change similar to that of a natural musical instrument or a pitch change that cannot be expressed by a natural musical instrument as intended by the user, regardless of the timing of key release.

(B) The DCF EG 16d sets the target level of the release waveform area by adding the release level offset RLO corresponding to the velocity at the time of key release to the envelope value at the time of key release, and increases to the target level at the release rate RR1. Since a release waveform that decreases from the target level at the release rate RR2 is generated, a release waveform having a constant rising / falling characteristic is always formed regardless of the timing at which the key is released. As a result, it is possible to reproduce a timbre change similar to that of a natural musical instrument or a timbre change that cannot be expressed by a natural musical instrument as intended by the user, regardless of the timing of key release.

(C) The DCA EG 16f multiplies the release level Ratio according to the key release velocity by the envelope value at the time of key release to set the target level of the release waveform area, and increases to the target level at the release rate RR1. Since a release waveform that decreases from the target level at the release rate RR2 is generated, a release waveform having a constant rising / falling characteristic is always formed regardless of the timing at which the key is released. As a result, regardless of the key release timing, it is possible to reproduce a volume change similar to that of a natural instrument or a volume change that cannot be expressed by a natural instrument as intended by the user.

B. Operation Next, with reference to FIGS. 10 to 18, the key depression envelope process, the envelope steady process, the envelope steady process subroutine, the key release envelope parameter calculation process and the key release envelope which are executed by the CPU 13 of the tone generator 100 having the above-described configuration. Each operation of the processing will be described.

(1) Operation of Key Press Envelope Process FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of the key press envelope process. The key press envelope process is executed when the keyboard 10 generates key information (key-on signal, key number, and velocity) in response to a key press operation. When this process is executed, the CPU 13 proceeds to step SA1 shown in FIG. The sound assignment here refers to finding out a tone generation unit 16-n of an empty channel (a tone generation channel being muted) from the tone generation units 16-1 to 16-64 constituting the sound source 16, and corresponding tone generation units. This refers to the process of assigning pronunciations to 16-n. If all the sound channels are sounding, sound assignment is performed with priority on the last arrival, for example.

  Subsequently, in step SA2, a reference pitch is set in the DCO 16a of the tone generation unit 16-n assigned with pronunciation. The reference pitch corresponds to a key number included in keyboard information generated in response to a key press. Next, in step SA3, a waveform address is set in the DCO 16a of the tone generation unit 16-n to which sound generation is assigned. The waveform address refers to the read start address of the waveform data of the timbre selected by the timbre selection switch operation.

  In steps SA4 to SA5, an initial level IL and an attack rate AR are set in order to generate an oscillator envelope waveform in the attack area for the DCO EG 16b of the tone generator 16-n to which sound generation is assigned. Subsequently, in steps SA6 to SA8, a reference cut-off frequency is set in the DCF EG 16d of the tone generation unit 16-n to which sound generation is assigned, and an initial level IL and an attack rate AR are generated in order to generate a filter envelope waveform in the attack region. Set.

  Next, in steps SA9 to SA11, a reference volume is set in the DCA EG 16f of the tone generation unit 16-n to which sound generation is assigned, and an initial level IL and an attack rate AR are set in order to generate an amplifier envelope waveform in the attack area. . In step SA12, the DCO 16a is instructed to start reading waveform data, and the DCO EG 16b, DCF EG 16d, and DCA EG 16f are instructed to start generation of the oscillator envelope waveform, filter envelope waveform, and amplifier envelope waveform in the attack area, respectively. This process is finished.

(2) Operation of Envelope Steady Processing FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of envelope steady processing. The envelope steady process is interrupted at regular intervals regardless of the key press / release operation. At the execution timing of this process, the CPU 13 proceeds to step SB1 and executes an envelope steady process subroutine (described later) for the DCO EG 16b. Subsequently, in step SB2, an envelope steady process subroutine (described later) is executed for the DCF EG 16d. In step SB3, a steady envelope processing subroutine (described later) is executed for DCA EG 16f.

  Next, in step SB4, it is determined whether or not the state of the DCA EG 16f is “stopped”, that is, whether the sound is muted. If the sound is not muted, the determination result is “NO” and the process is terminated. On the other hand, if the sound is muted, the determination result in step SB4 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SB5, the DCO 16a is stopped from reading the waveform data, the DCO 16a is released, and the process is terminated.

(3) Operation of Envelope Steady Process Subroutine FIGS. 12 to 14 are flowcharts showing the operation of the envelope steady process subroutine. This processing is a routine common to each EG (DCO EG 16b that generates an oscillator envelope waveform, DCF EG 16d that generates a filter envelope waveform, and DCA EG 16f that generates an amplifier envelope waveform), and is called from the envelope steady state processing described above. .

  When this process is executed through the envelope steady process, the CPU 13 determines the state (waveform region) of the envelope waveform in steps SC1 to SC5 shown in FIG. In the following, the description of the operation will be divided into cases where the envelope waveform is “attack state”, “decay state”, “sustain state”, “release 1 state”, and “release 2 state”.

a. Attack State If the envelope waveform is in the attack state, the determination result in step SC1 is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SC6, and it is determined whether or not the current level has reached the attack level AL. If the current level does not reach the attack level AL, the determination result is “NO”, and the present process is temporarily terminated.

  On the other hand, if the current level has reached the attack level AL, the determination result in step SC6 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SC7. In steps SC7 to SC8, a sustain level SL and a decay rate DR are set in EG. Here, EG is a generic term for DCO EG 16b that generates an oscillator envelope waveform, DCF EG 16d that generates a filter envelope waveform, and DCA EG 16f that generates an amplifier envelope waveform. In step SC9, the state of the envelope waveform (waveform region) is changed to “decay” in response to the current level reaching the attack level AL, and this processing is completed.

b. Decay state If the envelope waveform is in the decay state, the determination result in step SC2 is "YES", and the process proceeds to step SC10 shown in FIG. In step SC10, it is determined whether or not the current level has reached the sustain level SL. If the current level does not reach the sustain level SL, the determination result is “NO”, and the present process is temporarily terminated.

  On the other hand, if the current level has reached the sustain level SL, the determination result in step SC10 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SC11. In steps SC11 to SC12, after the sustain level SL is set in the EG, the state of the envelope waveform (waveform region) is changed to “sustain” and the present process is completed.

c. Sustained state If the envelope waveform is in the sustained state, the determination result in step SC3 shown in FIG. 12 is “YES”, and the process is temporarily ended.

d. Release 1 State If the envelope waveform is in the release 1 state, the determination result in step SC4 shown in FIG. 12 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SC13 shown in FIG. In step SC13, it is determined whether or not the current level has reached the release level RL. If the current level does not reach the release level RL, the determination result is “NO”, and the present process is temporarily terminated.

  On the other hand, if the current level has reached the release level RL, the determination result in step SC13 is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to step SC14. In steps SC14 to SC16, after the final level FL and the release rate RR2 are set in the EG, the state of the envelope waveform (waveform region) is changed to “release 2” and the process is finished.

e. Release 2 State If the envelope waveform is in the release 2 state, the determination result in step SC5 shown in FIG. 12 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SC17 shown in FIG. In step SC17, it is determined whether or not the current level has reached the final level FL. If the current level does not reach the final level FL, the determination result is “NO”, and the process is temporarily terminated.

  On the other hand, if the current level has reached the final level FL, the determination result in step SC17 is “YES”, and the flow advances to step SC18. Then, in steps SC18 to SC19, after the stop process for stopping the generation of the envelope waveform is performed on the EG, the process proceeds to the stop state and this process is finished.

(4) Operation of Key Release Envelope Parameter Calculation Process FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the operation of the key release envelope parameter calculation process. The key release envelope parameter calculation process is executed when the keyboard 10 generates key information (key-off signal, key number, and velocity) in response to a key release operation. When this process is executed, the CPU 13 proceeds to step SD1 shown in FIG. 15 and stores the key-off velocity included in the keyboard information in the register V. Hereinafter, the contents of the register V are referred to as key-off velocity V.

  Subsequently, in step SD2, the DCO release level offset minimum value preset by the user is stored in the register A, and the DCO release level offset maximum value preset by the user is stored in the register B. Next, in step SD3, the DCO release level is calculated from the above-described equation (1), that is, DCO release level offset minimum value A + (key-off velocity V / 127) × (DCO release level offset maximum value B−DCO release level offset minimum value A). An offset RLO is calculated. The DCO release level offset RLO is added to the amplitude value of the oscillator envelope waveform at the time of key release, and becomes the target level of the release waveform area in the oscillator envelope waveform.

  In the next steps SD4 to SD3, similarly to the above steps SD2 to SD3, the preset DCF release level offset minimum value is stored in the register A, and the preset DCF release level offset maximum value is stored in the register B. DCF release level offset RLO is calculated from DCF release level offset minimum value A + (key-off velocity V / 127) × (DCF release level offset maximum value B−DCF release level offset minimum value A). This DCF release level offset RLO is added to the amplitude value of the filter envelope waveform at the time of key release, and becomes the target level of the release waveform region in the filter envelope waveform.

  In step SD6, the DCA ratio minimum value preset by the user is stored in the register A and the DCA ratio maximum value preset by the user is stored in the register B. Subsequently, in step SD7, the DCA release level Ratio is calculated from the above-described equation (2), that is, the DCA ratio minimum value A + (key-off velocity V / 127) × (DCA ratio maximum value B−DCA ratio minimum value A). This process is finished. This DCA release level Ratio is multiplied by the amplitude value of the amplifier envelope waveform at the time of key release, and becomes the target level of the release waveform area in the amplifier envelope waveform.

(5) Operation of Key Release Envelope Process FIGS. 16 to 18 are flowcharts showing the operation of the key release envelope process. The key release envelope process is executed when the keyboard 10 generates keyboard information (key-off signal, key number, and velocity) in response to a key release operation. When this processing is executed, the CPU 13 proceeds to step SE1 shown in FIG. 16, and the current value of the oscillator envelope waveform generated by the DCO EG 16b is added to the DCO release level offset calculated by the key release envelope parameter calculation processing described above. DLO release level RL (target level) is calculated by adding RLO.

  Subsequently, in step SE2, it is determined whether or not the DCO release level RL calculated in step SE1 exceeds the maximum value “63”. If the DCO release level RL exceeds the maximum value “63”, the determination result is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SE3, the DCO release level RL is limited to the maximum value “63”, and then step SE6 described later is performed. Proceed with the process.

  On the other hand, if the DCO release level RL does not exceed the maximum value “63”, the determination result in step SE2 is “NO”, and the process proceeds to step SE4. In step SE4, it is determined whether or not the DCO release level RL set in step SE1 is smaller than the minimum value “−64”. If the DCO release level RL is greater than the minimum value “−64”, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to Step SE6 described later.

  On the other hand, if the DCO release level RL is smaller than the minimum value “−64”, the determination result in step SE4 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to step SE5 to limit the DCO release level RL to the minimum value “−64”. After that, the process proceeds to step SE6. In step SE6, the DCO release level RL is set in the DCO EG 16b, and in the subsequent step SE7, the DCO release rate RR1 is set in the DCO EG 16b. In step SE8, the state of the oscillator envelope waveform generated by the DCO EG 16b is set to “release 1”, and then the process proceeds to step SE9 shown in FIG.

  In step SE9, the DCF release level RL (target level) is calculated by adding the DCF release level offset RLO calculated in the key release envelope parameter calculation process to the current value of the filter envelope waveform generated by the DCF EG 16d. .

  Subsequently, in step SE10, it is determined whether or not the DCF release level RL calculated in step SE9 exceeds the maximum value “63”. If the DCF release level RL exceeds the maximum value “63”, the determination result is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SE11, the DCF release level RL is limited to the maximum value “63”, and step SE14 described later is performed. Proceed with the process.

  On the other hand, if the DCF release level RL does not exceed the maximum value “63”, the determination result in Step SE10 is “NO”, and the flow proceeds to Step SE12. In step SE12, it is determined whether or not the DCF release level RL calculated in step SE9 is smaller than the minimum value “−64”. If the DCF release level RL is greater than the minimum value “−64”, the determination result is “NO”, and the process proceeds to Step SE14 described later.

  On the other hand, if the DCF release level RL is smaller than the minimum value “−64”, the determination result in Step SE12 is “YES”, and the process proceeds to Step SE13 to limit the DCF release level RL to the minimum value “−64”. Then, the process proceeds to step SE14. In step SE14, the DCF release level RL is set in the DCF EG16d, and in the subsequent step SE15, the DCF release rate RR1 is set in the DCF EG16d. In step SE16, the state of the filter envelope waveform generated by the DCF EG 16d is set to “release 1”, and then the process proceeds to step SE17 shown in FIG.

  In step SE17, the DCA release level RL (target level) is calculated by adding the DCA release level Ratio calculated in the key release envelope parameter calculation process to the current value of the amplifier envelope waveform generated by the DCA EG 16f.

  Subsequently, in step SE18, it is determined whether or not the DCA release level RL calculated in step SE17 exceeds the maximum value “127”. If the DCA release level RL exceeds the maximum value “127”, the determination result is “YES”, the process proceeds to step SE19, the DCA release level RL is limited to the maximum value “127”, and then step SE20 described later is performed. Proceed with the process.

  On the other hand, if the DCA release level RL does not exceed the maximum value “127”, the determination result in Step SE18 is “NO”, and the flow proceeds to Step SE20. In step SE20, the DCA release level RL is set in the DCA EG 16f, and in the subsequent step SE21, the DCA release rate RR1 is set in the DCA EG 16f. In step SE22, the state of the amplifier envelope waveform generated by the DCA EG 16f is set to “Release 1”, and this processing is completed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, an envelope waveform is generated in response to a key press, and the release target level is set by adding the offset value corresponding to the velocity at the time of key release to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of key release. However, a musical tone is generated according to an envelope waveform having a release waveform area having a constant rising / falling characteristic with respect to the target release level, so that a natural instrument can be used as intended by the user regardless of the key release timing. It is possible to reproduce the same musical tone change and musical tone change that cannot be expressed with natural instruments.

  In this embodiment, an envelope waveform is generated in response to a key depression, and a release target level is set by multiplying a coefficient corresponding to the velocity at the time of key release by the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of key release. Since the tone is controlled according to the envelope waveform with a release waveform area with a constant rising / falling characteristic with respect to the level, the tone change similar to that of a natural instrument can be achieved as intended by the user, regardless of the key release timing. The sound changes that cannot be expressed with natural instruments can be reproduced.

  In the above-described embodiment, the release target level is set by adding the offset value corresponding to the velocity detected when the key is released to the amplitude of the envelope waveform when the key is released, or the velocity detected when the key is released. The release target level is set by multiplying the corresponding coefficient by the envelope waveform amplitude at the time of key release, but is not limited to this. For example, the user-set addition value is set to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of key release. In addition, the release target level may be set, or the release target level may be set by multiplying the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of key release by a constant preset by the user.

  As mentioned above, although one Embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to it, It is included in the invention described in the claim of this-application, and its equivalent range. Hereinafter, each invention described in the scope of claims at the beginning of the present application will be additionally described.

(Appendix)
[Claim 1]
Envelope generating means for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical sound generation instruction operation;
A detecting means for detecting velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation;
Release target level setting means for setting a release target level by adding an offset value corresponding to the detected velocity at the time of the sound mute instruction operation to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation, and the set release target A release waveform applying means for applying a release waveform having any one of rising and falling characteristics with respect to a level to an envelope waveform generated by the envelope generating means;
A musical tone generator comprising: a musical tone control unit that controls a musical tone that is instructed to be generated by the musical tone generation instruction operation according to an envelope waveform to which a release waveform is applied by the release waveform applying unit.

[Claim 2]
The envelope generating means generates a first envelope waveform representing a reading speed of a musical sound waveform,
2. The musical tone control means controls a pitch change of a musical sound waveform according to a reading speed modulated according to a first envelope waveform to which a release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. The musical tone generator described.

[Claim 3]
The envelope generating means generates a second envelope waveform for modulating a cutoff frequency;
The musical tone control means controls a timbre change of a generated musical tone by changing a low-pass characteristic in accordance with a cutoff frequency modulated according to a second envelope waveform to which a release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. The musical tone generator according to claim 1.

[Claim 4]
The release target level setting means sets the release level by multiplying the coefficient corresponding to the velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation detected by the detecting means by the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation. The musical tone generator according to claim 1.

[Claim 5]
The envelope generating means generates a third envelope waveform for modulating the volume output;
2. The tone generation according to claim 1, wherein the tone control means controls a change in volume of the generated tone according to a volume output modulated according to a third envelope waveform to which the release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. apparatus.

[Claim 6]
Musical sound generation instruction operation
The offset value corresponding to the detected velocity at the time of the sound mute instruction operation is added to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation, and any of the fixed rising and falling characteristics with respect to the set release target level Add a release waveform with some characteristics to the envelope waveform,
A musical tone generation method characterized by controlling the musical tone instructed to be generated according to an envelope waveform to which the release waveform is added.

[Claim 7]
On the computer,
An envelope generation step for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical sound generation instruction operation;
A detection step for detecting velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation;
Release target level setting step for setting the release target level by adding the offset value corresponding to the velocity at the time of the sound mute instruction operation detected in the detection step to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation, and the setting A release waveform applying step for applying a release waveform of any one of rising and falling characteristics with respect to the released release target level to the envelope waveform generated in the envelope generating step;
And a musical tone control step of controlling the musical tone instructed to be generated according to the envelope waveform to which the release waveform is imparted in the release waveform imparting step.

10 keyboard 11 operation unit 12 display unit 13 CPU
14 ROM
15 RAM
16 Sound source 17 Waveform ROM
18 Sound system 100 Sound source position display device

Claims (7)

Envelope generating means for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical sound generation instruction operation;
A detecting means for detecting velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation;
Release target level setting means for setting the release target level by adding an offset value corresponding to the detected velocity at the time of the sound mute instruction operation to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation;
Certain rising and falling characteristics of the release waveform relative to the set release target level, and the release corrugator means the envelope generating means is applied to the envelope waveform generated,
A musical tone generator comprising: a musical tone control unit that controls a musical tone that is instructed to be generated by the musical tone generation instruction operation according to an envelope waveform to which a release waveform is applied by the release waveform applying unit. The envelope generating means generates a first envelope waveform representing a reading speed of a musical sound waveform,
2. The musical tone control means controls a pitch change of a musical sound waveform according to a reading speed modulated according to a first envelope waveform to which a release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. The musical tone generator described. The envelope generating means generates a second envelope waveform for modulating a cutoff frequency;
The musical tone control means controls a timbre change of a generated musical tone by changing a low-pass characteristic according to a cutoff frequency modulated according to a second envelope waveform to which a release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. The musical tone generator according to claim 1.   The release target level setting means sets the release level by multiplying the coefficient corresponding to the velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation detected by the detecting means by the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation. The musical tone generator according to claim 1. The envelope generating means generates a third envelope waveform for modulating the volume output;
2. The tone generation according to claim 1, wherein the tone control means controls a change in volume of the generated tone according to a volume output modulated according to a third envelope waveform to which the release waveform is given by the release waveform giving means. apparatus. An envelope waveform is generated according to the musical sound generation instruction operation,
The offset value corresponding to the detected tone mute instruction operation upon velocity, the tone mute instruction operation at constant rise and fall characteristics releases the amplitude in addition to the set release target level of the envelope waveform Append waveform to envelope waveform,
A musical sound generating method characterized in that the musical sound instructed to be generated is controlled according to an envelope waveform to which the release waveform is added. On the computer,
An envelope generation step for generating an envelope waveform in response to a musical sound generation instruction operation;
A detection step for detecting velocity at the time of musical sound mute instruction operation;
A release target level setting step for setting a release target level by adding an offset value corresponding to the detected velocity at the time of the sound mute instruction operation to the amplitude of the envelope waveform at the time of the sound mute instruction operation;
Certain rising and falling characteristics of the release waveform relative to the set release target level, and the release corrugator step of applying the envelope waveform generated by the envelope generator step,
A musical sound control step for controlling the musical sound instructed to be generated according to the envelope waveform to which the release waveform is imparted in the release waveform imparting step.

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