JP6340535B2 - Grating and grating unit - Google Patents

Grating and grating unit Download PDF

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JP6340535B2
JP6340535B2 JP2014043859A JP2014043859A JP6340535B2 JP 6340535 B2 JP6340535 B2 JP 6340535B2 JP 2014043859 A JP2014043859 A JP 2014043859A JP 2014043859 A JP2014043859 A JP 2014043859A JP 6340535 B2 JP6340535 B2 JP 6340535B2
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load receiving
receiving member
grating
connecting member
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JP2015168966A (en
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昭 沼尻
昭 沼尻
陽介 鳥越
陽介 鳥越
大樹 小川
大樹 小川
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Kajima Corp
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Description

本発明は厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材と、荷重受け部材を連結する連結部材から組み立てられる組立式のグレーチング、及びグレーチングとそれを支持する支持部材からなるグレーチングユニットに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a grating type unit comprising a plurality of load receiving members arranged in the thickness direction, an assembly type grating assembled from a connecting member for connecting the load receiving members, and a grating and a support member for supporting the grating. .

屋外等において溝蓋として使用されるグレーチングは2方向の金属製の構成材を格子状に組み立てた状態で溶接等により平板状に一体化した形に製作されることが多い。一方、解体自在に組み立てられる組立式のグレーチングは特定の部品の交換が可能で、解体時の処理が容易である等の利点を有する(特許文献1、2参照)。   A grating used as a groove lid outdoors is often manufactured in a flat plate shape by welding or the like in a state in which two-way metal components are assembled in a lattice shape. On the other hand, assembly-type gratings that can be disassembled can be replaced with specific parts and have advantages such as easy processing during disassembly (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).

組立式のグレーチングの中でも、グレーチングの組み立てに際し、厚さ方向に隣接する荷重受け部材間の間隔を一定に保持しながら、グレーチングの長さ方向に配列する複数本の全荷重受け部材を連結する形式として、隣接する荷重受け部材間にスペーサを介在させ、全荷重受け部材とスペーサを荷重受け部材の厚さ方向に貫通する連結部材で連結する方法がある(特許文献3〜6参照)。   Among assembly-type gratings, when assembling the grating, a type in which a plurality of load receiving members arranged in the length direction of the grating are connected while maintaining a constant spacing between the load receiving members adjacent in the thickness direction. There is a method in which a spacer is interposed between adjacent load receiving members and the entire load receiving member and the spacer are connected by a connecting member penetrating in the thickness direction of the load receiving member (see Patent Documents 3 to 6).

この方法は全荷重受け部材とスペーサに連結部材を挿通させることで、荷重受け部材間の間隔を確実に保持した状態で、グレーチングの組み立てが完了するため、組み立て作業性がよい利点がある。反面、この形式は隣接する荷重受け部材間にスペーサを介在させることで、グレーチングの構成要素として少なくとも3種類の部品を必要とする。   This method has an advantage that assembly workability is good because the assembly of the grating is completed in a state where the interval between the load receiving members is securely held by inserting the connecting members through the entire load receiving members and the spacers. On the other hand, this type requires at least three kinds of components as components of the grating by interposing a spacer between adjacent load receiving members.

特許文献6ではこの点に着目し、組立式グレーチングにおいて部品の種類を削減する目的で、連結部材の内、隣接する荷重受け部材間に位置する部分を膨張させることによりスペーサを不在にし、部品の種類を削減している(請求項1、段落0007)。   Patent Document 6 pays attention to this point, and for the purpose of reducing the types of parts in the assembly type grating, the spacer is made absent by inflating a portion located between adjacent load receiving members among the connecting members. The number of types is reduced (claim 1, paragraph 0007).

実開昭57−8887号公報(第4図)Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-8887 (Fig. 4) 特開2001−227051号公報(図1〜図4)Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-227051 (FIGS. 1 to 4) 特開平5−209432号公報(請求項1、段落0021〜0027、図1、図2)JP-A-5-209432 (Claim 1, paragraphs 0021 to 0027, FIGS. 1 and 2) 特開2001−193217号公報(請求項1、段落0006〜0008、図1〜図5)JP 2001-193217 A (Claim 1, paragraphs 0006 to 0008, FIGS. 1 to 5) 特開2001−288806号公報(請求項1、段落0007、0008、図4〜図6)JP 2001-288806 A (Claim 1, paragraphs 0007, 0008, FIGS. 4 to 6) 特開2002−70138号公報(請求項1、段落0007、0008、図1〜図8)Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2002-70138 (Claim 1, paragraphs 0007 and 0008, FIGS. 1 to 8)

特許文献6ではスペーサを不在にできることで、グレーチングの構成部品の種類を削減できる利点を得るものの、全荷重受け部材に連結部材を挿通した後に特殊な加工(バルジ加工)により膨張部を形成することから、全荷重受け部材に連結部材を挿通した状態で隣接する荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持しておかなければならないため、スペーサを用いる場合より作業性が向上することにはならない。寧ろ膨張部を形成するための煩雑な作業が付加されることで、グレーチングを完成させるための作業効率は低下すると考えられる。   In Patent Document 6, the advantage of being able to reduce the number of components of the grating is obtained by eliminating the spacer, but after the connecting member is inserted through the entire load receiving member, the inflatable portion is formed by special processing (bulge processing). Therefore, since the interval between the adjacent load receiving members must be maintained in a state where the connecting member is inserted through all the load receiving members, the workability is not improved as compared with the case where the spacer is used. On the contrary, it is considered that the work efficiency for completing the grating is reduced by adding a troublesome work for forming the inflating portion.

本発明は上記背景より、特許文献6の手法に依らずにスペーサを不在にし、グレーチングの構成部品数を削減できるグレーチングとそれを用いたグレーチングユニットを提案するものである。   From the above background, the present invention proposes a grating that can eliminate the spacer and reduce the number of components of the grating, and a grating unit using the same, without relying on the method of Patent Document 6.

請求項1に記載の発明のグレーチングは、厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材と、この全荷重受け部材の少なくとも長さ方向両側を厚さ方向に貫通し、前記全荷重受け部材を互いに連結する複数本の連結部材とを備え、
前記荷重受け部材の、前記連結部材が貫通する部分の厚さ方向一方側の面に凸部が形成され、この凸部の範囲内に前記連結部材が貫通する挿通孔が形成され、
前記全荷重受け部材の前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面側から、前記連結部材の一方の端部が納まる表面側溝部が形成され、前記凸部が形成された面の反対側の面から、前記連結部材の他方側の端部が納まる背面側溝部が形成されており、
前記凸部の表面側の面積は前記背面側溝部の、前記荷重受け部材の厚さ方向への投影面積より大きく、
前記全荷重受け部材は前記凸部の形成面を同一側に向けて配列し、前記連結部材が前記全荷重受け部材の前記挿通孔を貫通し、前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面がその側に隣接する前記荷重受け部材に接触した状態で厚さ方向に連結されていることを構成要件とする。
The grating according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of load receiving members arranged in the thickness direction and at least both sides in the length direction of the total load receiving member in the thickness direction. A plurality of connecting members connected to each other;
A convex portion is formed on the surface of the load receiving member on one side in the thickness direction of the portion through which the connecting member passes, and an insertion hole through which the connecting member passes is formed within the range of the convex portion,
From the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion of the total load receiving member, a surface side groove portion in which one end portion of the connecting member is accommodated is formed, and from the surface opposite to the surface on which the convex portion is formed, A back side groove portion is formed in which the other end of the connecting member is housed;
The area on the surface side of the convex part is larger than the projected area of the back side groove part in the thickness direction of the load receiving member,
The total load receiving member is arranged toward the forming surface of the convex portion on the same side, the connecting member passes through the through hole of the total load receiving member, the thickness direction of the surface that side of the convex portion And being connected in the thickness direction in a state of being in contact with the load receiving member adjacent to the structure.

荷重受け部材の凸部を除く本体部は基本的には板状等、厚さ寸法より幅寸法が大きい立体形状をし、グレーチングとしての使用状態では幅方向が鉛直方向を向く。本体部が板状の場合、本体部の材軸に直交する断面の形状は長方形状になるが、幅寸法が厚さ寸法より大きければ、長方形状である必要はなく、任意の断面形状に形成される。グレーチングが屋外に設置されるか、屋内に設置されるかに拘わらず、接触により上載荷重を受ける荷重受け部材の上面が、上載物を損傷させないか、荷重受け部材自体が損傷しない程度の幅を持つ形状であれば、荷重受け部材の断面形状は問われない。上載物は主に屋外での車両や人、屋内での人の足等である。   The main body portion excluding the convex portion of the load receiving member basically has a three-dimensional shape having a width dimension larger than the thickness dimension, such as a plate shape, and the width direction faces the vertical direction when used as a grating. When the main body is plate-shaped, the shape of the cross section perpendicular to the material axis of the main body is rectangular, but if the width dimension is larger than the thickness dimension, it does not need to be rectangular and can be formed into an arbitrary cross-sectional shape. Is done. Regardless of whether the grating is installed outdoors or indoors, the upper surface of the load receiving member that receives the upper load by contact has a width that does not damage the upper load or the load receiving member itself. The cross-sectional shape of the load receiving member is not limited as long as it has a shape. The listed items are mainly vehicles and people outdoors, and feet of people indoors.

「荷重受け部材の少なくとも長さ方向両側」とは、荷重受け部材の長さ方向両側以外の、例えば中間部の1箇所、もしくは複数箇所にも連結部材が貫通することがあることを言い、その場合には荷重受け部材の長さ方向中間部にも凸部が形成される。連結部材の本数は1枚の荷重受け部材における凸部の形成数に等しく、凸部が3箇所、形成された場合には連結部材は3本、使用される。   “At least both sides in the length direction of the load receiving member” means that the connecting member may pass through, for example, one place or a plurality of places other than both sides in the length direction of the load receiving member. In some cases, a convex portion is also formed at the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the load receiving member. The number of connecting members is equal to the number of convex portions formed in one load receiving member. When three convex portions are formed, three connecting members are used.

凸部は荷重受け部材において連結部材が貫通する部分の厚さ方向一方側の面に形成される。「凸部の範囲内に挿通孔が形成」とは、凸部の部分に荷重受け部材を厚さ方向に貫通する挿通孔が形成されることを言い、挿通孔は凸部が形成されている箇所に形成され、少なくとも荷重受け部材の長さ方向両側の2箇所に形成される。挿通孔は凸部の範囲内に形成され、挿通孔を除く凸部の表面がその側に隣接する荷重受け部材の背面に接触するため、挿通孔の大きさ(径)は凸部の表面側の面積より小さい。挿通孔の形状は円形とは限らない。   A convex part is formed in the surface of the thickness direction one side of the part which a connection member penetrates in a load receiving member. “The insertion hole is formed in the range of the convex portion” means that an insertion hole that penetrates the load receiving member in the thickness direction is formed in the convex portion, and the convex portion is formed in the insertion hole. It is formed in two places and at least two places on both sides in the length direction of the load receiving member. The insertion hole is formed within the range of the convex part, and the surface of the convex part excluding the insertion hole comes into contact with the back surface of the load receiving member adjacent to that side, so the size (diameter) of the insertion hole is the surface side of the convex part. Smaller than the area. The shape of the insertion hole is not necessarily circular.

凸部が荷重受け部材の厚さ方向一方側の面(表面)に形成されることで、荷重受け部材は厚さ方向一方側に部分的に凸部が突出した形状をし、他方側の面(背面)は挿通孔と後述の背面側溝部を除き、凸部のない平坦面等になる。厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材は、背面側に位置する荷重受け部材の凸部が表面側に隣接する荷重受け部材の背面に接触した状態で隣接するため、凸部は隣接する荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するスペーサの機能を果たす。   By forming the convex portion on the surface (front surface) on one side in the thickness direction of the load receiving member, the load receiving member has a shape in which the convex portion partially protrudes on one side in the thickness direction, and the other side surface The (rear surface) is a flat surface without a convex portion, etc., excluding the insertion hole and the rear side groove portion described later. The plurality of load receiving members arranged in the thickness direction are adjacent to each other in a state in which the convex portion of the load receiving member located on the back surface side is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member adjacent to the front surface side. It fulfills the function of a spacer that keeps the distance between the load receiving members.

凸部が隣接する荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持する機能を果たすことで、荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するためのスペーサを荷重受け部材間に介在させる必要がなくなるため、グレーチングを構成する部品の種類が削減され、グレーチングは複数本の荷重受け部材とこれらを連結する連結部材の2種類の部品のみで成立することになる。凸部は荷重受け部材の一部として荷重受け部材の製作時に形成されているため、特許文献6のようにグレーチングの組み立て時に荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するための格別な作業を必要としない。   Parts that make up the grating because it is not necessary to interpose the spacers between the load receiving members to maintain the interval between the load receiving members by fulfilling the function of holding the interval between the load receiving members adjacent to each other. Therefore, the grating is formed by only two kinds of parts, that is, a plurality of load receiving members and a connecting member for connecting them. Since the convex portion is formed as part of the load receiving member when the load receiving member is manufactured, it does not require a special operation for maintaining the interval between the load receiving members during assembly of the grating as in Patent Document 6. .

「全荷重受け部材が凸部の形成面を同一側に向けて配列し」とは、全荷重受け部材の凸部が連結部材の軸方向の一方側を向き、全荷重受け部材の表面と背面の向きが揃えられて配列することであり、図3−(a)に示すようにある荷重受け部材2の背面側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の凸部21がその表面側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触(密着)した状態で配列することを言う。この状態で、連結部材3が全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aを貫通し、軸方向の両端部がそれぞれの側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に接合されることで、全荷重受け部材2を連結し、一体化させる。実際の組み立て時には全荷重受け部材2を配列させた状態で、連結部材3を全荷重受け部材2に挿通させるか、連結部材3に対して各荷重受け部材2を差し込むことにより連結部材3を全荷重受け部材2に挿通させることになる。   “All load receiving members are arranged with the convex forming surfaces facing the same side” means that the convex portions of all load receiving members face one side in the axial direction of the connecting member, and the front and back surfaces of all load receiving members The convex portions 21 of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the back side of a certain load receiving member 2 are adjacent to the surface side thereof as shown in FIG. Arrangement in the state of contacting (contacting) the back surface of the member 2. In this state, the connecting member 3 passes through the insertion hole 2a of the full load receiving member 2, and both end portions in the axial direction are joined to the load receiving members 2 and 2 positioned on the respective sides, so that the full load receiving member is obtained. 2 are connected and integrated. At the time of actual assembly, with all the load receiving members 2 arranged, the connecting member 3 is inserted into the full load receiving member 2 or the connecting members 3 are inserted into the connecting member 3 by inserting all the load receiving members 2 into the connecting member 3. The load receiving member 2 is inserted.

連結部材3を全荷重受け部材2に挿通させ、連結部材3の軸方向両端部を全荷重受け部材2の内、グレーチング1の長さ方向(荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向)の両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に締結等により接合することで、全荷重受け部材2が厚さ方向に連結され、一体化する。全荷重受け部材2はその少なくとも長さ方向の両側に形成されている凸部21、21の位置を貫通する少なくとも2本の連結部材3、3によって連結され、グレーチング1として一体化する。   The connecting member 3 is inserted through the full load receiving member 2, and both axial ends of the connecting member 3 are positioned on both sides of the length of the grating 1 (the thickness direction of the load receiving member 2) of the full load receiving member 2. By joining the load receiving members 2 and 2 to each other by fastening or the like, the entire load receiving member 2 is connected in the thickness direction and integrated. The total load receiving member 2 is connected by at least two connecting members 3, 3 penetrating the positions of the convex portions 21, 21 formed at least on both sides in the length direction, and integrated as a grating 1.

連結部材3の両端部の荷重受け部材2、2への接合時には全荷重受け部材2の一体性を確保するために、連結部材3には適度の軸方向引張力が与えられる。連結部材3に引張力が与えられることで、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2は背面側に位置する荷重受け部材2の凸部21の表面とその側の荷重受け部材2の背面とが互いに密着した状態で連結されるため、全荷重受け部材2がグレーチング1としての形態を維持する能力を持つ。連結部材3に与えられる引張力の反力は荷重受け部材2の凸部21が圧縮力として負担し、凸部21が負担する圧縮力は隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の摩擦力を増大させるため、連結部材3への引張力の導入により複数本の荷重受け部材2からなるグレーチング1の形態の安定性が向上する。   At the time of joining the load receiving members 2 and 2 at both ends of the connecting member 3, an appropriate axial tensile force is applied to the connecting member 3 in order to ensure the integrity of the entire load receiving member 2. By applying a tensile force to the connecting member 3, the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 are in close contact with the surface of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 located on the back side and the back surface of the load receiving member 2 on that side. Therefore, the entire load receiving member 2 has the ability to maintain the shape as the grating 1. The reaction force of the tensile force applied to the connecting member 3 is borne by the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 as a compressive force, and the compressive force borne by the convex portion 21 increases the frictional force between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2. Therefore, the stability of the form of the grating 1 composed of a plurality of load receiving members 2 is improved by introducing a tensile force to the connecting member 3.

連結部材3が全荷重受け部材2を貫通し、全荷重受け部材2を連結した状態では、隣接する荷重受け部材2の凸部21がその表面側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に密着した状態になるため、凸部21の範囲内に形成された挿通孔2aを貫通する連結部材3はグレーチング1の表面側(荷重受け部材2の上面側)と背面側(荷重受け部材2の下面側)からは露出しない状態になる。連結部材3の露出が回避されることで、グレーチング1の使用状態では連結部材3が存在しないように見え、複数本の荷重受け部材2が凸部21において互いに密着しながら配列しているように見えるため、グレーチング1の意匠性が向上する。   In a state in which the connecting member 3 penetrates the full load receiving member 2 and connects the full load receiving member 2, the convex portion 21 of the adjacent load receiving member 2 is in close contact with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the surface side. Therefore, the connecting member 3 penetrating through the insertion hole 2a formed in the range of the convex portion 21 has a front surface side of the grating 1 (upper surface side of the load receiving member 2) and a rear surface side (lower surface side of the load receiving member 2). ) Will not be exposed. By avoiding the exposure of the connecting member 3, it seems that the connecting member 3 does not exist when the grating 1 is used, and the plurality of load receiving members 2 are arranged in close contact with each other at the convex portion 21. Since it can be seen, the design of the grating 1 is improved.

図3−(c)に示すように凸部21の表面側の面積Aが後述する背面側溝部2cの、荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向への投影面積Bより大きければ、凸部21の表面がその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に面(平面)で接触する状態になり、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2は挿通孔2aの周りの全周に亘って面で接触した状態になる。図1、図3−(a)では荷重受け部材2を長さ方向に見た縦断面上、凸部21が荷重受け部材2の本体部20の下方寄りに位置しているが、凸部21の本体部20に対する高さ方向の形成位置は問われず、図3−(b)に示すように高さ方向の上方寄りに位置する場合も、(c)に示すように中間部に位置する場合もある。   If the area A on the surface side of the convex portion 21 is larger than the projected area B in the thickness direction of the load receiving member 2, which will be described later, as shown in FIG. Is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the surface in a plane (plane), and the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 are in contact with the surface over the entire circumference around the insertion hole 2a. Become. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A, the convex portion 21 is located on the lower side of the main body portion 20 of the load receiving member 2 on the longitudinal section when the load receiving member 2 is viewed in the length direction. The formation position in the height direction with respect to the main body portion 20 is not limited, and when it is located near the upper side in the height direction as shown in FIG. 3B, it is located in the middle portion as shown in FIG. There is also.

荷重受け部材2の凸部21が隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の間隔を保持することで、荷重受け部材2の両側の凸部21、21の厚さが一定であれば、全荷重受け部材2の連結状態では全荷重受け部材2は平行に配列し、両側の凸部21、21の厚さに差があれば、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間に角度が付くため、グレーチング1全体が湾曲する。また凸部21の厚さを荷重受け部材2毎に相違させることで、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の間隔の大きさを変化させることができる他、連結部材3の長さと荷重受け部材2の連結数を変えることで、グレーチング1の長さを変化させることも可能である。   If the thickness of the convex portions 21 and 21 on both sides of the load receiving member 2 is constant by maintaining the distance between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 by the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2, the full load receiver When the members 2 are connected, all the load receiving members 2 are arranged in parallel, and if there is a difference in thickness between the convex portions 21 and 21 on both sides, an angle is formed between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2. The whole is curved. Further, by making the thickness of the convex portion 21 different for each load receiving member 2, the size of the interval between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 can be changed, and the length of the connecting member 3 and the load receiving member It is also possible to change the length of the grating 1 by changing the number of connections of 2.

凸部21の厚さの設定により隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の本体部20、20間に形成されるクリアランス(空隙)の大きさが自由に調整されるため、屋外に設置される場合に、荷重受け部材2、2間に靴の踵が入り込む事態を回避し得る設定も可能になる。   Since the size of the clearance (gap) formed between the main body portions 20 and 20 of the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 can be freely adjusted by setting the thickness of the convex portion 21, when installed outdoors Also, a setting that can avoid a situation in which a shoe heel enters between the load receiving members 2 and 2 is possible.

荷重受け部材2の凸部21の厚さ方向の表面と、凸部21の形成面の反対側の面(背面)は挿通孔2a等を除き、平面状であるか、多角面状、もしくは曲面状であるかは問われないが、平面の一部をなしていれば(請求項)、図3−(a)に示すように隣接する荷重受け部材2、2が挿通孔2aの周囲の平面で互いに接触する状態になる。「平面の一部をなす」とは凸部21の表面の内、挿通孔2aと後述の表面側溝部2bを除く部分、及び荷重受け部材2の背面の内、挿通孔2aと後述の背面側溝部2cを除く部分が平面(平坦面)の一部をなしていることを言う。 The surface in the thickness direction of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 and the surface (rear surface) opposite to the surface on which the convex portion 21 is formed are flat, polygonal, or curved except for the insertion hole 2a. It does not matter whether it is in the shape or not, but if it forms a part of the plane (Claim 3 ), the adjacent load receiving members 2, 2 are arranged around the insertion hole 2 a as shown in FIG. They are in contact with each other on a plane. “Forming a part of a plane” means a portion of the surface of the convex portion 21 excluding the insertion hole 2a and a surface side groove portion 2b described later, and a back surface of the load receiving member 2, and the insertion hole 2a and a rear surface side groove described later. It means that the part excluding the part 2c forms a part of a flat surface (flat surface).

この場合、ある荷重受け部材2の凸部21の表面はその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に挿通孔2a等を除き、平面で接触する状態になるため、荷重受け部材2が断面上の中心(材軸)周りに回転(傾斜)を生じにくくなり、グレーチング1としての使用状態での各荷重受け部材2の中心周りの回転に対する安定性が高い。また隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の接触面に、連結部材3に与えられる引張力に応じた摩擦力が生じ、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の接触状態で、両者の間の相対的な変位やずれに対する安定性も高まるため、各荷重受け部材2の独立した変位等が生じにくくなる。   In this case, the surface of the convex portion 21 of a certain load receiving member 2 is in a state of being in contact with a flat surface except for the insertion hole 2a etc. on the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the load receiving member 2, so that the load receiving member 2 is in cross section. Rotation (inclination) is less likely to occur around the center (material axis), and the stability with respect to rotation around the center of each load receiving member 2 when used as the grating 1 is high. In addition, a frictional force corresponding to the tensile force applied to the connecting member 3 is generated on the contact surfaces of the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2, and the relative load between the two in the contact state of the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 is increased. Since stability against displacement and displacement is also increased, independent displacement of each load receiving member 2 is less likely to occur.

連結部材3が全荷重受け部材2を連結し、グレーチング1を構成した状態で、図11に示すようにグレーチング1がそれを受ける支持部材4上に載置されたときに、支持部材4上に安定して支持されるには、連結部材3の軸方向の両端部がグレーチング1の長さ方向両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2からその厚さ方向に突出することなく、荷重受け部材2、2内に納まっていることが必要である。グレーチング1としての完成状態で、連結部材3の両端部が荷重受け部材2、2から突出しているとしても、支持部材4上への設置時に突出部分を除去することができれば、支持部材4への支持上は支障はない。   With the connecting member 3 connecting the full load receiving member 2 and forming the grating 1, when the grating 1 is placed on the support member 4 that receives it as shown in FIG. For stable support, both end portions of the connecting member 3 in the axial direction do not protrude in the thickness direction from the load receiving members 2 and 2 positioned on both sides in the length direction of the grating 1, and the load receiving member 2. 2 is required to be within 2. Even if both ends of the connecting member 3 protrude from the load receiving members 2 and 2 in the completed state as the grating 1, if the protruding portion can be removed during installation on the support member 4, There is no problem in support.

連結部材3の軸方向両端部の、グレーチング1からの突出を回避するには、連結部材3の荷重受け部材2、2への接合時に、連結部材3の軸方向両端部がそれぞれの側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2内に納まる必要がある。具体的には荷重受け部材2の凸部21の厚さ方向の表面側から、連結部材3の一方の端部が納まる表面側溝部2bを形成し、荷重受け部材2の凸部21が形成された面の反対側の面から、連結部材3の他方側の端部が納まる背面側溝部2cを形成することにより連結部材3の軸方向両端部を荷重受け部材2、2内に納めることが可能になる(請求項)。 In order to avoid projecting from the grating 1 at both ends in the axial direction of the connecting member 3, both ends in the axial direction of the connecting member 3 are positioned on the respective sides when the connecting member 3 is joined to the load receiving members 2 and 2. It is necessary to fit in the load receiving members 2 and 2 to be operated. Specifically, from the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2, the surface side groove portion 2 b in which one end of the connecting member 3 is accommodated is formed, and the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 is formed. It is possible to store both axial ends of the connecting member 3 in the load receiving members 2 and 2 by forming a rear side groove 2c in which the other end of the connecting member 3 is accommodated from the surface opposite to the opposite surface. (Claim 1 ).

この場合、連結部材3の軸方向の一方の端部が表面側溝部2b内に納まり、他方の端部が背面側溝部2c内に納まる形態であれば、連結部材3の形態(形状)と材料は問われない。例えば連結部材3に頭部3aを有するボルトを使用した場合、表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cのいずれか一方内にボルトの頭部3aが納まり、他方内にボルトの軸部3bに螺合するナット31が納まることになる。ボルトが頭部3aを持たない、軸部3bのみからなる場合には、軸部3bの両端部に螺合する両側のナットの内、一方のナットが請求項における「一方の端部」になり、他方のナットが「他方の端部」になる。 In this case, as long as one end of the connecting member 3 in the axial direction is accommodated in the front-side groove 2b and the other end is accommodated in the back-side groove 2c, the form (shape) and material of the connecting member 3 are used. Is not questioned. For example, when a bolt having a head portion 3a is used as the connecting member 3, the bolt head portion 3a is housed in one of the front surface side groove portion 2b and the rear surface side groove portion 2c, and screwed into the bolt shaft portion 3b. The nut 31 to be stored is accommodated. When the bolt has only the shaft portion 3b and does not have the head portion 3a, one of the nuts on both sides that are screwed to both ends of the shaft portion 3b is referred to as "one end portion" in claim 1 . And the other nut becomes the “other end”.

特に表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cのいずれか一方が連結部材3の頭部3a等、一方の端部が軸方向に嵌合し得る形状をし、他方が連結部材3の軸部3bの端部等、他方の端部に螺合するナット31が挿入された状態でナット31が回転し得る形状をしていれば(請求項4)、連結部材3にボルトとナットの組み合わせを使用した場合に適した溝部2b、2cの形状になる。   In particular, either the front surface side groove 2b or the back surface side groove 2c has a shape such that the head 3a of the connecting member 3 and the other end can be fitted in the axial direction, and the other is the shaft 3b of the connecting member 3. If the nut 31 is configured to be able to rotate in a state in which the nut 31 that is screwed into the other end, such as an end, is inserted (Claim 4), a combination of a bolt and a nut is used for the connecting member 3. It becomes the shape of the groove parts 2b and 2c suitable for the case.

「一方の端部が軸方向に嵌合し得る」とは6角形等のボルトの頭部3a、または頭部3aを持たないボルトの一方の端部(軸部)に螺合するナットがいずれかの溝部2b、2cに軸方向の移動によりそのまま嵌合可能であることを言う。「嵌合し得る」とは、連結部材3の一方の端部が表面側溝部2b内の底まで完全に入り込むことの他、連結部材3の他方の端部へのナット31の回転に伴って次第に表面側溝部2b内に入り込んだ状態と、底までは完全に入り込まない状態を含む。「ナットが回転し得る」とは、いずれかの溝部2c、2b内にナット31を納めた状態でナット31を軸回りに回転させることが可能であることを言う。   “One end can be fitted in the axial direction” means a hexagonal bolt head 3a or a nut that is screwed into one end (shaft) of a bolt that does not have the head 3a. This means that the grooves 2b and 2c can be fitted as they are by axial movement. “Matchable” means that one end of the connecting member 3 completely enters the bottom of the surface side groove 2b, and the nut 31 rotates to the other end of the connecting member 3. It includes a state where it gradually enters the surface side groove 2b and a state where it does not completely enter the bottom. “The nut can rotate” means that the nut 31 can be rotated around the axis in a state where the nut 31 is housed in any of the grooves 2c and 2b.

グレーチング1を構成する全荷重受け部材2に形状上の差異はないため、グレーチング1の長さ方向両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cが形成されればよい訳ではなく、全荷重受け部材2に表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cが形成され、図3に示すようにある荷重受け部材2は凸部21の表面においてその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触(密着)した状態になる。   Since there is no difference in shape between all the load receiving members 2 constituting the grating 1, if the front side groove portion 2 b and the back side groove portion 2 c are formed on the load receiving members 2, 2 located on both sides in the length direction of the grating 1. The load receiving member 2 is formed with a front side groove 2b and a back side groove 2c formed in the entire load receiving member 2, and the load receiving member 2 as shown in FIG. 2 is brought into contact (contact) with the back surface.

表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cには連結部材3の頭部3aや軸部3bに螺合するナット31等が納まることから、表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cの連結部材3軸方向への投影面積は挿通孔2aの投影面積より大きい。従って隣接する荷重受け部材2、2が接触した状態にあるとき、凸部21の表面は表面側溝部2bの周囲の部分においてその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触する。荷重受け部材2の背面には背面側溝部2cが形成されているため、その背面側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の凸部21の表面はその側の荷重受け部材2の背面の背面側溝部2cの周囲の部分に接触する。   Since the front surface side groove portion 2b and the back surface side groove portion 2c are fitted with nuts 31 and the like that are screwed into the head portion 3a and the shaft portion 3b of the connecting member 3, the surface side groove portion 2b and the back surface side groove portion 2c are connected to the connecting member 3 in the axial direction. Is larger than the projected area of the insertion hole 2a. Accordingly, when the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 are in contact with each other, the surface of the convex portion 21 is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the side of the portion around the front surface groove portion 2b. Since the back surface side groove portion 2c is formed on the back surface of the load receiving member 2, the surface of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the back surface side is the back surface side groove portion 2c on the back surface of the load receiving member 2 on that side. Touch the surrounding area.

請求項1〜4では荷重受け部材2の表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cに連結部材3の軸方向両端部が納まることで、グレーチング1の長さ方向両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に連結部材3の両端部を接合した状態でも連結部材3の露出を完全に回避することができる利点がある。
In claims 1 to 4, the load receiving members 2, 2 located on both sides in the length direction of the grating 1 are accommodated in the axial direction both ends of the connecting member 3 in the front surface side groove portion 2 b and the back surface side groove portion 2 c of the load receiving member 2. Further, there is an advantage that the exposure of the connecting member 3 can be completely avoided even when both ends of the connecting member 3 are joined.

連結部材3が、その表面(外周面)が各荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aの内周面に丁度、接触するか、密着する程度に挿通孔2aの形状と大きさに対応した形状と太さを有していれば、全荷重受け部材2に連結部材3が挿通したときに全荷重受け部材2が連結部材3に対し、連結部材3の軸方向に直交する方向(荷重受け部材2の幅方向)に相対的な変位を生じない状態になる。このため、全荷重受け部材2はグレーチング1としての使用状態で荷重を負担したときに、連結部材3に生ずる曲げ変形(撓み)に追従しようとする。連結部材3に曲げ変形が生じたとき、その曲げ変形に伴い、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の幅方向の下端間に開きが生ずることで、各荷重受け部材2は連結部材3の曲げ変形に追従しようとするため、荷重受け部材2の連結部材3の変形への追従性がよい。   The connecting member 3 has a shape and thickness corresponding to the shape and size of the insertion hole 2a so that the surface (outer peripheral surface) just contacts or closely contacts the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a of each load receiving member 2. If the connecting member 3 is inserted through the full load receiving member 2, the full load receiving member 2 is in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting member 3 with respect to the connecting member 3 (of the load receiving member 2. A state in which no relative displacement occurs in the width direction). For this reason, the full load receiving member 2 tries to follow the bending deformation (deflection) generated in the connecting member 3 when a load is borne in the use state as the grating 1. When bending deformation occurs in the connecting member 3, an opening occurs between the lower ends in the width direction of the adjacent load receiving members 2, 2 along with the bending deformation, so that each load receiving member 2 is bent and deformed by the connecting member 3. Therefore, the load receiving member 2 has good followability to the deformation of the connecting member 3.

但し、例えば連結部材3の表面と挿通孔2aの内周面との間に空隙が存在している場合には、図3−(a)に示す全荷重受け部材2の連結状態では、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2が双方の接触面の摩擦力で接触状態を維持しているため、各荷重受け部材2が個別に上載荷重を受けたときに連結部材3に対して荷重受け部材2の幅方向にずれを生ずる可能性がある。各荷重受け部材2の連結部材3に対する幅方向のずれは連結部材3が曲げ変形したときにも生じ得る。   However, for example, when there is a gap between the surface of the connecting member 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a, in the connected state of the full load receiving member 2 shown in FIG. Since the load receiving members 2 and 2 maintain the contact state by the frictional force of both contact surfaces, the load receiving member 2 is not in contact with the connecting member 3 when each load receiving member 2 individually receives an overload. There is a possibility of deviation in the width direction. The displacement in the width direction of each load receiving member 2 with respect to the connecting member 3 can also occur when the connecting member 3 is bent and deformed.

これに対し、荷重受け部材2の凸部21の厚さ方向の表面側と反対側である荷重受け部材2の背面側のいずれか一方に凸の嵌合部2dを形成し、他方に前記凸の嵌合部2dが嵌合し得る凹の被嵌合部2eを形成し、一方の嵌合部2dを他方の被嵌合部2eに嵌合させた状態で、厚さ方向に隣接する2本の荷重受け部材2、2を互いに連結した場合には(請求項5)、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の幅方向のずれを生じにくくすることが可能になる。凸の嵌合部2dは凸部21の厚さ方向の表面側に形成される場合と、その反対側の荷重受け部材2の背面側に形成される場合があり、それぞれに対応して凹の被嵌合部2eは凸部21の反対側の背面側に形成される場合と、凸部21の厚さ方向の表面側に形成される場合がある。「嵌合し得る」とは、嵌合部2dが被嵌合部2e内の底まで完全に入り込むことと、底までは完全に入り込まない状態を含む。   On the other hand, a convex fitting portion 2d is formed on one side of the back surface side of the load receiving member 2 which is opposite to the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2, and the convex portion is formed on the other side. 2 is adjacent in the thickness direction in a state in which a recessed fitting portion 2e that can be fitted with the fitting portion 2d is formed and one fitting portion 2d is fitted to the other fitting portion 2e. When the load receiving members 2 and 2 are connected to each other (Claim 5), it is possible to make it difficult for the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 to shift in the width direction. The convex fitting portion 2d may be formed on the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion 21 or may be formed on the back side of the load receiving member 2 on the opposite side. The to-be-fitted part 2e may be formed in the back side of the other side of the convex part 21, and may be formed in the surface side of the thickness direction of the convex part 21. “Can be fitted” includes a state where the fitting portion 2d completely enters the bottom of the fitted portion 2e and a state where the fitting portion 2d does not completely enter the bottom.

この場合、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間では凸の嵌合部2dと凹の被嵌合部2eが荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向に嵌合することで、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2が厚さ方向に直交するいずれの方向(荷重受け部材2の幅方向と長さ方向)にも互いに係合した状態になる。荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向に直交する方向には嵌合部2dと被嵌合部2eの周面に生ずる支圧力により力が伝達され、いずれかの荷重受け部材2に作用する荷重受け部材2の幅方向(使用状態での鉛直方向)と長さ方向(連結部材3の軸方向に直交する水平方向)の荷重は隣接する荷重受け部材2に支圧力として伝達され、全荷重受け部材2に分散して負担される状態になる。この結果、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間にずれが生じにくくなるため、各荷重受け部材2が個別に上載荷重を受けたときにも、連結部材3が曲げ変形したときにも、荷重受け部材2は連結部材3に対して幅方向のずれが生じにくくなる。   In this case, between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2, the convex fitting portion 2 d and the concave fitted portion 2 e are fitted in the thickness direction of the load receiving member 2, so that the adjacent load receiving member 2, 2 is engaged with each other in any direction (width direction and length direction of the load receiving member 2) perpendicular to the thickness direction. A force receiving member acting on one of the load receiving members 2 is transmitted in the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the load receiving member 2 by the support pressure generated on the peripheral surfaces of the fitting portion 2d and the fitted portion 2e. The load in the width direction (vertical direction in use) 2 and the length direction (horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the connecting member 3) is transmitted as a supporting pressure to the adjacent load receiving member 2, and the full load receiving member 2 It will be in a state of being distributed and burdened. As a result, since it is difficult for a shift to occur between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2, the load receiving member 2 is not affected even when each load receiving member 2 individually receives an overload or when the connecting member 3 is bent and deformed. The member 2 is less likely to be displaced in the width direction with respect to the connecting member 3.

複数本の荷重受け部材2と複数本の連結部材3から組み立てられるグレーチング1はそれを受ける支持部材4と共に、グレーチングユニットを構成する(請求項6)。支持部材4は全荷重受け部材2が連結された状態にあるグレーチング1の幅方向(荷重受け部材2の長さ方向)両側の下面が載置される支持部41、41と、グレーチング1の幅方向両側の側面が接触し得る保持部42、42と、グレーチング1の長さ方向(荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向)両側の端面が接触し得る係止部43、43とを持ち、グレーチング1は支持部材4の支持部41、41上に載置され、保持部42、42に幅方向の移動が拘束され、係止部43、43に長さ方向の移動が拘束された状態で支持部材4に支持される(請求項6)。   The grating 1 assembled from the plurality of load receiving members 2 and the plurality of connecting members 3 constitutes a grating unit together with the support member 4 receiving the same. The support member 4 includes support portions 41 and 41 on which the lower surfaces of both sides of the grating 1 in the state in which the entire load receiving member 2 is connected (the length direction of the load receiving member 2) are placed, and the width of the grating 1 Holding portions 42 and 42 that can be in contact with the side surfaces on both sides in the direction, and latching portions 43 and 43 that can be in contact with both end surfaces in the length direction of the grating 1 (thickness direction of the load receiving member 2). Is placed on the support portions 41 and 41 of the support member 4, the holding portions 42 and 42 are restrained from moving in the width direction, and the locking portions 43 and 43 are restrained from moving in the length direction. 4 (Claim 6).

荷重受け部材2と連結部材3の材料は問われず、グレーチング1の設置場所に応じ、金属製、合成樹脂製、木製等、弾性を有する材料で製作される。支持部材4の材料も問われず、屋内か屋外か等のグレーチング1の設置場所に応じて決められ、金属製、コンクリート製、合成樹脂製、木製等の場合がある。材料に拘わらず、グレーチング1は組立式でありながら、連結部材3の全荷重受け部材2への貫通と軸方向両端部の接合(緊結)によって独立して形態を維持しているため、支持部材4の支持部41、41上へは単純に載置するだけで設置が完了する。グレーチング1は支持部41、41上への載置により保持部42、42と係止部43、43にそれぞれ幅方向と長さ方向の移動が拘束されるため、グレーチング1の設置状態での安定性が確保される。   The material of the load receiving member 2 and the connecting member 3 is not limited, and is made of an elastic material such as metal, synthetic resin, or wood according to the installation location of the grating 1. The material of the support member 4 is not limited and is determined according to the installation location of the grating 1 such as indoor or outdoor, and may be made of metal, concrete, synthetic resin, wood, or the like. Regardless of the material, since the grating 1 is an assembly type, the shape is independently maintained by the penetration of the connecting member 3 to the full load receiving member 2 and the joining (tightening) of both end portions in the axial direction. The installation is completed simply by placing them on the four support portions 41, 41. Since the grating 1 is placed on the support parts 41, 41, the holding parts 42, 42 and the locking parts 43, 43 are restrained from moving in the width direction and the length direction, respectively. Sex is secured.

荷重受け部材2と連結部材3(グレーチング1)が特に合成樹脂で製作された場合には、金属製の場合に、空調吹き出し口に使用されたときに発生し得る結露が発生しにくいため、室内の湿度を一定に保つべき美術館や博物館での使用に適する上、結露水による滑りが防止される利点がある。またグレーチングの表面の色彩を自由に調整することが可能であるため、色彩を含め、設置場所に応じたデザインを持たせることができる。   When the load receiving member 2 and the connecting member 3 (grating 1) are made of a synthetic resin, in particular, in the case of a metal, it is difficult for condensation to occur when used for an air conditioning outlet. In addition to being suitable for use in museums and museums where the humidity should be kept constant, there is an advantage that slipping due to condensed water is prevented. Further, since the color of the surface of the grating can be freely adjusted, it is possible to have a design according to the installation location including the color.

荷重受け部材の、連結部材が貫通する部分の厚さ方向一方側の面に凸部を形成することで、厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材を、厚さ方向の背面側に位置する荷重受け部材の凸部が表面側に位置する荷重受け部材の背面に接触した状態で隣接させるため、凸部が厚さ方向に隣接する荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するスペーサの機能を果たすことになる。この結果、荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するためのスペーサを荷重受け部材間に介在させる必要がなくなるため、グレーチングを構成する部品の種類が削減され、複数本の荷重受け部材とこれらを連結する連結部材の2種類の部品のみでグレーチングを成立させることができる。   A plurality of load receiving members arranged in the thickness direction are positioned on the back side in the thickness direction by forming a convex portion on one surface in the thickness direction of the portion of the load receiving member through which the connecting member passes. Since the convex portion of the load receiving member to be adjacent is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member located on the front surface side, the convex portion functions as a spacer that keeps the interval between the load receiving members adjacent in the thickness direction. It will be. As a result, since it is not necessary to interpose a spacer for maintaining the distance between the load receiving members between the load receiving members, the types of components constituting the grating are reduced, and a plurality of load receiving members are connected to each other. Grating can be established with only two types of connecting members.

また凸部は荷重受け部材の一部として荷重受け部材の製作時に形成されているため、グレーチングの組み立て時に荷重受け部材間の間隔を保持するための格別な作業を必要としない。   Further, since the convex portion is formed as a part of the load receiving member at the time of manufacturing the load receiving member, no special work is required for maintaining the interval between the load receiving members when assembling the grating.

(a)は荷重受け部材の製作例を示した、凸部の形成面(表面)側から見た斜視図、(b)は(a)の背面側から見た斜視図である。(A) is the perspective view seen from the formation surface (surface) side of a convex part which showed the manufacture example of the load receiving member, (b) is the perspective view seen from the back side of (a). (a)は図1に示す荷重受け部材を示した、凸部側から見た正面図、(b)は(a)の平面図、(c)は(a)の背面図、(d)は(a)の底面図、(e)は(a)の右側面図、(f)は(a)のx−x線断面図である。(A) is a front view of the load receiving member shown in FIG. 1, viewed from the convex side, (b) is a plan view of (a), (c) is a rear view of (a), and (d) is (A) is a bottom view, (e) is a right side view of (a), and (f) is a sectional view taken along line xx of (a). (a)は図1に示す複数本の荷重受け部材を連結部材で連結し、グレーチングを構成した様子を示した、荷重受け部材の長さ方向に見た縦断面図、(b)は凸部の上面を荷重受け部材本体部の上面に連続させて形成した様子を示した縦断面図、(c)は凸部を荷重受け部材本体部の幅方向(高さ方向)の中間部に形成した様子を示した縦断面図である。(A) is a longitudinal sectional view of the load receiving member viewed in the length direction, showing a state in which the grating is configured by connecting the plurality of load receiving members shown in FIG. 1 with a connecting member, and (b) is a convex portion. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed a mode that the upper surface of this was continuously formed on the upper surface of the load receiving member main-body part, (c) formed the convex part in the intermediate part of the width direction (height direction) of the load-receiving member main-body part. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed the mode. 図1に示す複数本の荷重受け部材からグレーチングを完成させた様子を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed a mode that the grating was completed from the several load receiving member shown in FIG. (a)は図1に示す荷重受け部材の凸部に凸の嵌合部を形成した様子を示した正面図、(b)は(a)の平面図、(c)は荷重受け部材の背面に凹の被嵌合部を形成した様子を示した(a)の背面図、(d)は(a)のx−x線断面図、(e)は嵌合部が隣接する荷重受け部材の被嵌合部に嵌合した状態を示した凸部を通る縦断面図である。(A) is the front view which showed a mode that the convex fitting part was formed in the convex part of the load receiving member shown in FIG. 1, (b) is a top view of (a), (c) is the back surface of a load receiving member. The rear view of (a) which showed a mode that the concave to-be-fitted part was formed in (a) is xx sectional view taken on the line of (a), (e) is the load receiving member to which a fitting part adjoins. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which passes along the convex part which showed the state fitted to the to-be-fitted part. (a)は図5に示す荷重受け部材の凸部側の面を示した斜視図、(b)は(a)の背面側の面を示した斜視図である。(A) is the perspective view which showed the surface by the side of the convex part of the load receiving member shown in FIG. 5, (b) is the perspective view which showed the surface by the side of the back surface of (a). (a)は図6に示す荷重受け部材の凸部の表面にヒケ防止のための凹みを形成した様子を示した正面図、(b)は荷重受け部材の背面にヒケ防止のための凹みを形成した様子を示した背面図である。(A) is the front view which showed a mode that the dent for preventing sink marks was formed in the surface of the convex part of the load receiving member shown in FIG. 6, (b) is the dent for preventing sink marks on the back surface of the load receiving member. It is the rear view which showed a mode that it formed. (a)は長さ方向両側の凸部に形成された挿通孔の形状が互いに相違し、凸の嵌合部を筒状に形成した場合の荷重受け部材の製作例を示した凸部側の斜視図、(b)は(a)の背面側の斜視図である、(A) The shape of the insertion hole formed in the convex part on both sides in the length direction is different from each other, and the convex part side shows an example of manufacturing the load receiving member when the convex fitting part is formed in a cylindrical shape. A perspective view, (b) is a perspective view of the back side of (a), (a)は図8に示す荷重受け部材を示した正面図、(b)は(a)の平面図、(c)は(a)の右側面図、(d)は(a)のx−x線断面図、(e)は(a)のy−y線断面図、(f)は(a)のz−z線断面図である。(A) is a front view showing the load receiving member shown in FIG. 8, (b) is a plan view of (a), (c) is a right side view of (a), and (d) is an x- FIG. 5 is an x-ray cross-sectional view, (e) is a cross-sectional view along the y-y line in (a), and (f) is a cross-sectional view along the zz line in (a). 図8に示す荷重受け部材を合成樹脂製の連結部材で連結した様子を示した縦断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which showed a mode that the load receiving member shown in FIG. 8 was connected with the connection member made from a synthetic resin. 本発明のグレーチングを支持部材上に設置した様子を示した連結部材の軸方向に見た縦断面図である。It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view seen to the axial direction of the connection member which showed a mode that the grating of this invention was installed on the support member. 支持部材の概要を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the outline | summary of the supporting member.

図1−(a)、(b)はグレーチング1を構成する荷重受け部材2の製作例を示す。図1−(a)は荷重受け部材2の表面側を、(b)は背面側を示す。図2−(a)〜(e)は図1に示す荷重受け部材2の5面を、(f)は(a)のx−x線の断面を示す。荷重受け部材2は金属、合成樹脂、木材等から製作される。グレーチング1は図4に示すように厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材2と、全荷重受け部材2の少なくとも長さ方向両側を厚さ方向に貫通し、全荷重受け部材2を互いに連結する複数本の連結部材3とを基本的な構成要素として備える。   FIGS. 1A and 1B show an example of manufacturing a load receiving member 2 constituting the grating 1. FIG. 1-(a) shows the surface side of the load receiving member 2, and (b) shows the back side. FIGS. 2A to 2E show five surfaces of the load receiving member 2 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2F shows a cross section taken along line xx of FIG. The load receiving member 2 is manufactured from metal, synthetic resin, wood or the like. As shown in FIG. 4, the grating 1 penetrates through a plurality of load receiving members 2 arranged in the thickness direction and at least both sides in the length direction of the total load receiving members 2 in the thickness direction. A plurality of connecting members 3 to be connected are provided as basic components.

荷重受け部材2の、連結部材3が貫通する部分の厚さ方向一方側の面(表面)には、その側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触し、その荷重受け部材2との間の間隔を保持するスペーサとなる凸部21が形成され、凸部21の範囲内に連結部材3が貫通する挿通孔2aが形成される。全荷重受け部材2は図3−(a)、図4に示すように凸部21の形成面(表面)を同一側に向けて配列した状態で、連結部材3が全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aを貫通し、その両端部がグレーチング1の長さ方向(荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向)の両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に接合されることで、凸部21の厚さ方向の表面(前面)がその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触した状態で厚さ方向に連結される。   A surface (front surface) on one side in the thickness direction of the portion of the load receiving member 2 through which the connecting member 3 passes is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to that side, and between the load receiving member 2 and the surface. A convex portion 21 serving as a spacer that holds the interval is formed, and an insertion hole 2 a through which the connecting member 3 passes is formed within the range of the convex portion 21. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 4, the full load receiving member 2 is inserted through the full load receiving member 2 in a state where the formation surfaces (surfaces) of the convex portions 21 are arranged on the same side. The thickness of the convex portion 21 is obtained by passing through the hole 2a and joining both end portions thereof to the load receiving members 2 and 2 located on both sides of the length direction of the grating 1 (the thickness direction of the load receiving member 2). The direction surface (front surface) is connected in the thickness direction with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to that side in contact.

図面では凸部21を荷重受け部材2の長さ方向両側の2箇所に、荷重受け部材2の長さ方向の端面から形成し、荷重受け部材2の、凸部21を除く本体部20の長さ方向の端面と凸部21の端面を連続させているが、必ずしもその必要はない。凸部21は荷重受け部材2の長さ方向に3箇所以上、形成されることもある。本体部20の端面と凸部21の端面は共に平面とは限らない。   In the drawing, the convex portions 21 are formed at two positions on both sides in the length direction of the load receiving member 2 from the end surfaces in the length direction of the load receiving member 2, and the length of the main body portion 20 excluding the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2. Although the end surface of the vertical direction and the end surface of the convex part 21 are made continuous, it is not always necessary. The convex portion 21 may be formed at three or more locations in the length direction of the load receiving member 2. Both the end surface of the main body 20 and the end surface of the convex portion 21 are not necessarily flat.

図示するように荷重受け部材2の長さ方向の両端面から凸部21が形成された場合には、荷重受け部材2の本体部20の端面と凸部21の端面が連続することで、複数本の荷重受け部材2が連結され、グレーチング1を構成したときに、グレーチング1の幅方向(荷重受け部材2の長さ方向)の両側面がグレーチング1の長さ方向(荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向)に連続した平面、もしくは曲面等になる。   As shown in the drawing, when the convex portions 21 are formed from both end surfaces in the length direction of the load receiving member 2, the end surface of the main body portion 20 of the load receiving member 2 and the end surface of the convex portion 21 are continuous. When the load receiving member 2 is connected and the grating 1 is configured, both side surfaces of the grating 1 in the width direction (the length direction of the load receiving member 2) are in the length direction of the grating 1 (the thickness of the load receiving member 2). It becomes a flat surface or curved surface that is continuous in the vertical direction.

この場合、図11に示すようにグレーチング1がそれを受ける支持部材4の水平面をなす支持面を持つ支持部41に支持され、それに直交等、交差する面をなす内周面を持つ保持部42に保持されたときに、グレーチング1の幅方向両側面が保持部42、42の、グレーチング1側を向く内周面に面で接触した状態になる。この結果、グレーチング1は保持部42との間で幅方向側面の全面で圧力を及ぼし合い、グレーチング1が支持部材4から受ける反力が本体部20の端面と凸部21の端面に分散するため、本体部20の端面と凸部21の端面が不連続の場合より本体部20が受ける圧力が低下し、本体部20が損傷しにくくなる。   In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the grating 1 is supported by a support portion 41 having a support surface that forms a horizontal surface of the support member 4 that receives the grating 1, and a holding portion 42 having an inner peripheral surface that forms a crossing surface such as orthogonal to it. Are held in contact with the inner peripheral surfaces of the holding portions 42, 42 facing the grating 1 side. As a result, the grating 1 exerts pressure on the entire side surface in the width direction between the holding portion 42 and the reaction force received by the grating 1 from the support member 4 is dispersed on the end surface of the main body portion 20 and the end surface of the convex portion 21. The pressure received by the main body 20 is lower than when the end surface of the main body 20 and the end surface of the convex portion 21 are discontinuous, and the main body 20 is less likely to be damaged.

図面ではまた、図1、図3−(a)に示すように凸部21を荷重受け部材2の幅方向(高さ方向)の下方寄りに形成し、荷重受け部材2の本体部20の下面と凸部21の下面を連続させて(揃えて)いるが、必ずしもその必要はなく、図3−(b)に示すように凸部21の上面を本体部20の上面に連続させることもあれば、(c)に示すように凸部21を本体部20の幅方向の中間部に位置させることもある。図1等に示すように凸部21を本体部20の下方寄りに形成した場合には、グレーチング1の下面(底面)を平坦面にすることができ、グレーチング1を支持部材4の支持部41に支持させたときに支持部41に面で接触した状態にすることができるため、グレーチング1が上載荷重を受けたときに各荷重受け部材2が受ける支持部からの反力が底面全面に分散し、各荷重受け部材2の本体部20の底面が受ける負担が軽減される利点がある。   In the drawing, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3A, the convex portion 21 is formed on the lower side in the width direction (height direction) of the load receiving member 2, and the lower surface of the main body portion 20 of the load receiving member 2. The bottom surface of the convex portion 21 is made continuous (aligned), but this is not always necessary, and the top surface of the convex portion 21 may be made continuous with the top surface of the main body portion 20 as shown in FIG. For example, as shown in (c), the convex portion 21 may be positioned at an intermediate portion in the width direction of the main body portion 20. As shown in FIG. 1 and the like, when the convex portion 21 is formed on the lower side of the main body portion 20, the lower surface (bottom surface) of the grating 1 can be made flat, and the grating 1 is supported by the support portion 41 of the support member 4. When the grating 1 is supported, the reaction force from the support portions received by each load receiving member 2 when the grating 1 receives an overload is dispersed over the entire bottom surface. And there exists an advantage by which the burden which the bottom face of the main-body part 20 of each load receiving member 2 receives is reduced.

図3−(b)に示すように凸部21の上面を本体部20の上面に連続させた場合には、グレーチング1が上載荷重により撓もうとするときに、凸部21の表面がその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に接触していることで、グレーチング1の撓みを抑制する働きをする。(a)、(c)に示すようにある荷重受け部材2の本体部20の表面とその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の本体部20の背面との間に隙間が形成されている場合には、荷重受け部材2はグレーチング1の撓みを自由に生じさせることになる。   When the upper surface of the convex portion 21 is made continuous with the upper surface of the main body portion 20 as shown in FIG. 3B, when the grating 1 tries to bend due to an overload, the surface of the convex portion 21 is on that side. It contacts the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to, and functions to suppress bending of the grating 1. (A) When the clearance gap is formed between the surface of the main-body part 20 of the load receiving member 2 as shown to (c), and the back surface of the main-body part 20 of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the side. Therefore, the load receiving member 2 causes the grating 1 to bend freely.

図面では更に、凸部21の表面と、それが接触する、表面側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の本体部20の背面を平面の一部をなす形状に形成しているが、凸部21の表面はその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の背面に面で接触していれば、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の接触状態での一定の安定性は得られるため、必ずしも平面の一部である必要はなく、球面等の曲面状、または多面体状等に形成されることもある。凸部21の表面と本体部20の背面が平面の一部をなす形状である場合には、図3−(a)に示すようにある荷重受け部材2の凸部21の表面はその側に隣接する荷重受け部材2の本体部20の背面に平面で接触するため、接触状態で互いに荷重受け部材2の材軸に関する傾斜が生じにくく、上載荷重に対し、グレーチング1としての形態安定性が高い利点がある。   Further, in the drawing, the surface of the convex portion 21 and the back surface of the main body portion 20 of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the front surface side which is in contact with the surface are formed in a shape forming a part of a plane. If the surface is in contact with the back surface of the load receiving member 2 adjacent to the surface, a certain level of stability in the contact state between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 can be obtained. It is not necessary to be a curved surface such as a spherical surface, or a polyhedral shape. When the surface of the convex part 21 and the back surface of the main body part 20 form a part of a plane, the surface of the convex part 21 of the load receiving member 2 as shown in FIG. Since the back surface of the main body portion 20 of the adjacent load receiving member 2 is contacted in a plane, it is difficult for the load receiving member 2 to be inclined with respect to the material axis in the contact state, and the form stability as the grating 1 is high with respect to the mounted load. There are advantages.

挿通孔2aは図1〜図3に示すように凸部21の表面(前面)の範囲内に、凸部21と本体部20を厚さ方向に貫通して形成される。但し、凸部21の表面側からは連結部材3の一方側の端部が納まる表面側溝部2bが形成され、荷重受け部材2の背面(凸部21の形成面の反対側の面)からは、連結部材3の他方側の端部が納まる背面側溝部2cが形成されるため、図1−(a)、(b)に示す荷重受け部材2の立面上、挿通孔2aは表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cの形成範囲内に形成される。縦断面上は図3−(a)に示すように表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cの形成によって残された本体部20に形成される。   As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the insertion hole 2 a is formed through the convex portion 21 and the main body portion 20 in the thickness direction within the range of the surface (front surface) of the convex portion 21. However, from the surface side of the convex part 21, the surface side groove part 2b in which the edge part of the one side of the connection member 3 is accommodated is formed, and from the back surface (surface on the opposite side of the formation surface of the convex part 21) of the load receiving member 2 Since the rear side groove 2c in which the other end of the connecting member 3 is accommodated is formed, the insertion hole 2a is formed on the surface side groove on the elevational surface of the load receiving member 2 shown in FIGS. 2b and the rear side groove 2c are formed within a range. As shown in FIG. 3A, the longitudinal section is formed in the main body 20 left by the formation of the front side groove 2b and the back side groove 2c.

表面側溝部2b内と背面側溝部2c内に連結部材3の一方の端部と他方の端部が納まることで、全荷重受け部材2を連結し、グレーチング1が構成された状態では連結部材3の両端部がグレーチング1の長さ方向両側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2から突出することがなくなる。このため、図12に示すようにグレーチング1の長さ方向の両端面を支持部材4の、保持部42と直交等、交差する面をなす内周面を持つ係止部43の内周面に接触(密着)させた状態で、グレーチング1を支持部41上に載置することができる。グレーチング1の長さ方向の両端面は図4に示すようにグレーチング1の長さ方向一方側に位置する荷重受け部材2の凸部21の表面と、他方側に位置する荷重受け部材2の本体部20の背面になる。   When one end and the other end of the connecting member 3 are accommodated in the front surface side groove portion 2b and the back surface side groove portion 2c, the entire load receiving member 2 is connected, and in the state where the grating 1 is configured, the connecting member 3 Of the load receiving members 2 and 2 located on both sides in the length direction of the grating 1. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 12, both end surfaces in the length direction of the grating 1 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the locking portion 43 having an inner peripheral surface that forms an intersecting surface such as orthogonal to the holding portion 42 of the support member 4. The grating 1 can be placed on the support portion 41 in a state of contact (contact). As shown in FIG. 4, both end surfaces of the grating 1 in the length direction are the surface of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 located on one side in the length direction of the grating 1 and the main body of the load receiving member 2 located on the other side. It becomes the back of the unit 20.

連結部材3にはボルト、PC鋼材、鉄筋等の棒鋼、繊維強化プラスチック等のプラスチックその他の引張力を負担し得る材料の引張材が使用される。図1〜図7では連結部材3として特にボルトが使用された場合に対応し、表面側溝部2bと背面側溝部2cのいずれか一方を連結部材3の頭部3a等、一方の端部が軸方向に嵌合し得る形状に形成し、他方を連結部材3の軸部3b等、他方の端部に螺合するナット31が挿入された状態でナット31が回転し得る形状に形成している。   For the connecting member 3, bolts, PC steel materials, steel bars such as reinforcing bars, plastics such as fiber reinforced plastics, and other tensile materials made of materials capable of bearing a tensile force are used. 1 to 7 correspond to the case where a bolt is used in particular as the connecting member 3, and either the front surface side groove portion 2b or the back surface side groove portion 2c is connected to the head portion 3a of the connecting member 3, and one end portion is a shaft. The nut 31 is formed in a shape that can be fitted in the direction, and the other is formed in a shape that allows the nut 31 to rotate in a state in which the nut 31 that is screwed into the other end, such as the shaft portion 3b of the connecting member 3 is inserted. .

例えば連結部材3の頭部3aが六角柱状であれば、表面側溝部2bも六角柱状に形成される。ナット31も六角柱状の形状であることが多いが、ナット31が軸部3bに螺合しながら背面側溝部2c内に納まったときにナット31をスパナ等の工具で把持した状態でナット31が工具と共に回転し得るよう、背面側溝部2cは円柱状等に形成される。連結部材3が頭部3aと軸部3bを有するボルトの場合、連結部材3の軸部3bが全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aを貫通することにより頭部3a(連結部材3の一方の端部)が表面側溝部2bに嵌合する。軸部3bの先端(連結部材3の他方の端部)は背面側溝部2c内に到達し、背面側溝部2c内に位置する区間にナット31が螺合させられ、緊結されることにより連結部材3が全荷重受け部材2に接合された状態になる。   For example, if the head 3a of the connecting member 3 is a hexagonal column, the surface side groove 2b is also formed in a hexagonal column. The nut 31 also has a hexagonal columnar shape in many cases, but when the nut 31 is screwed into the shaft portion 3b and fits in the back side groove portion 2c, the nut 31 is gripped with a tool such as a spanner. The back side groove 2c is formed in a cylindrical shape or the like so that it can rotate with the tool. In the case where the connecting member 3 is a bolt having a head portion 3a and a shaft portion 3b, the shaft portion 3b of the connecting member 3 passes through the insertion hole 2a of the full load receiving member 2, thereby causing the head portion 3a (one end of the connecting member 3). Part) fits into the front surface side groove 2b. The front end of the shaft portion 3b (the other end of the connecting member 3) reaches the back side groove 2c, and the nut 31 is screwed into a section located in the back side groove 2c, and the connecting member is tightened. 3 is joined to the full load receiving member 2.

連結部材3としてのボルトには長ねじボルトも使用される。その場合、連結部材3(軸部3b)の両側の端部にナットが螺合するが、一方のナットは連結部材3の一方の端部になり、他方のナットが連結部材3の他方の端部に螺合するナット31になる。この場合、連結部材3は一方のナットが連結部材3(軸部3b)の一方の端部に螺合し、連結部材3の一部になった状態で、全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aを貫通することにより一方のナット(連結部材3の一方の端部)が表面側溝部2bに嵌合する。背面側溝部2c内に位置する連結部材3の他方の端部にナット31が螺合することは頭部3a付きの場合と同じである。   A long screw bolt is also used for the bolt as the connecting member 3. In that case, a nut is screwed into both end portions of the connecting member 3 (shaft portion 3b). One nut is one end portion of the connecting member 3, and the other nut is the other end of the connecting member 3. The nut 31 is screwed into the part. In this case, the connecting member 3 has one nut screwed into one end of the connecting member 3 (shaft portion 3 b) and becomes a part of the connecting member 3, and the insertion hole 2 a of the full load receiving member 2. The one nut (one end portion of the connecting member 3) is fitted into the surface side groove portion 2b. The nut 31 is screwed into the other end of the connecting member 3 located in the back side groove 2c as in the case with the head 3a.

連結部材3は全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2a内に隙間のない状態で挿通する場合と、連結部材3の表面(外周面)と挿通孔2aの内周面との間に隙間が確保される場合がある。連結部材3が挿通孔2a内に隙間なく挿通する場合は、各荷重受け部材2の連結部材3に対する幅方向(鉛直方向)の相対変位が生じにくく、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間の相対変位が生じにくくなる利点がある。連結部材3の表面と挿通孔2aの内周面との間に隙間が確保される場合には、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間に相対変位が生じる可能性があるが、その場合の相対変位は、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の接触面に連結部材3の軸方向に互いに嵌合し得る嵌合部2dと被嵌合部2eを形成することにより防止される。   When the connecting member 3 is inserted into the insertion hole 2a of the full load receiving member 2 without a gap, a gap is secured between the surface (outer peripheral surface) of the connecting member 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a. There is a case. When the connecting member 3 is inserted into the insertion hole 2a without a gap, relative displacement in the width direction (vertical direction) of each load receiving member 2 with respect to the connecting member 3 is unlikely to occur, and the relative relationship between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 There is an advantage that displacement hardly occurs. When a gap is secured between the surface of the connecting member 3 and the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 2a, there is a possibility that relative displacement may occur between the adjacent load receiving members 2, 2. Displacement is prevented by forming a fitting portion 2d and a fitted portion 2e that can be fitted to each other in the axial direction of the connecting member 3 on the contact surfaces of the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2.

図5は荷重受け部材2の凸部21の厚さ方向の表面側と、反対側である荷重受け部材2の背面側のいずれか一方に凸の嵌合部2dを形成し、他方に凸の嵌合部2dが嵌合し得る凹の被嵌合部2eを形成した様子を示す。この場合、厚さ方向(連結部材3の軸方向)に隣接する2本の荷重受け部材2、2は図5−(e)に示すように一方の嵌合部2dが他方の被嵌合部2eに嵌合した状態で互いに連結される。図面では凸部21の表面側に嵌合部2dを形成し、荷重受け部材2の背面側の、嵌合部2dに対応した位置に被嵌合部2eを形成しているが、逆の場合もある。   In FIG. 5, a convex fitting portion 2d is formed on either the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion 21 of the load receiving member 2 or the back side of the load receiving member 2 on the opposite side, and the convex portion is convex on the other side. A mode that the concave to-be-fitted part 2e which can fit the fitting part 2d was formed is shown. In this case, the two load receiving members 2 and 2 adjacent to each other in the thickness direction (the axial direction of the connecting member 3) have one fitting portion 2d as the other fitted portion as shown in FIG. They are connected to each other in a state of being fitted to 2e. In the drawing, the fitting portion 2d is formed on the surface side of the convex portion 21, and the fitted portion 2e is formed on the back side of the load receiving member 2 at a position corresponding to the fitting portion 2d. There is also.

この場合、嵌合部2dが被嵌合部2eに連結部材3の軸方向に直交する任意の方向に係合することで、例えば連結部材3と挿通孔2aとの間に隙間がある場合に、各荷重受け部材2が連結部材3に対して連結部材3の軸方向に直交する方向(荷重受け部材2の長さ方向と幅方向)にずれようとするときに、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2が互いに係合し合い、互いのずれを阻止しようとするため、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間に相対変位が防止される。   In this case, when the fitting portion 2d is engaged with the fitted portion 2e in an arbitrary direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the connecting member 3, for example, when there is a gap between the connecting member 3 and the insertion hole 2a. When each load receiving member 2 is about to deviate with respect to the connecting member 3 in the direction orthogonal to the axial direction of the connecting member 3 (the length direction and the width direction of the load receiving member 2), the adjacent load receiving members 2 Since the two engage each other and try to prevent the mutual displacement, relative displacement between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 is prevented.

図7は荷重受け部材2を合成樹脂で製作した場合の、板厚が大きい箇所へのヒケ(へこみ)の発生を防止するための凹み2fを凸部21の表面と荷重受け部材2の背面に形成した場合の荷重受け部材2の製作例を示す。この場合、凹み2fの形成により荷重受け部材2全体の板厚を一定にすることができることで、ヒケの発生を防止することができるため、ヒケの発生による荷重受け部材2の意匠性の低下を招くことが防止される。   In FIG. 7, when the load receiving member 2 is made of a synthetic resin, a recess 2 f for preventing the occurrence of sink marks (dents) at a portion having a large plate thickness is formed on the surface of the convex portion 21 and the back surface of the load receiving member 2. An example of manufacturing the load receiving member 2 when formed is shown. In this case, since the thickness of the entire load receiving member 2 can be made constant by forming the recesses 2f, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of sink marks, so that the design of the load receiving member 2 is reduced due to the occurrence of sink marks. Invitation is prevented.

図8、図9は荷重受け部材2の長さ方向両側に形成されている挿通孔2a、2aの形状を互いに相違させると共に、嵌合部2dと被嵌合部2eを筒状に形成した場合の荷重受け部材2の製作例を、図10は図8、図9に示す荷重受け部材2、2の連結状態を示す。   8 and 9 show the case where the shapes of the insertion holes 2a and 2a formed on both sides in the length direction of the load receiving member 2 are different from each other, and the fitting portion 2d and the fitting portion 2e are formed in a cylindrical shape. FIG. 10 shows a connection state of the load receiving members 2 and 2 shown in FIGS.

ここに示す例では図9−(a)に示すように連結部材3の材軸に直交する断面の形状を長方形状等、幅と厚さが相違する形状に形成し、一方の連結部材3の幅を鉛直方向に向け、他方の連結部材3の幅を水平方向に向けた状態で、両連結部材3、3を挿通孔2a、2aに挿通させている。それに伴い、一方の挿通孔2aを荷重受け部材2の幅方向に長く形成し、他方の挿通孔2aを荷重受け部材2の長さ方向に長く形成している。「幅と厚さが相違する形状」とは、連結部材3の断面上の幅が厚さより大きいことを言う。図面では連結部材3の断面形状を長方形状に形成しているが、この形状には限られず、楕円形状等に形成されることもある。   In the example shown here, the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the material axis of the connecting member 3 is formed into a shape such as a rectangular shape, such as a rectangular shape, as shown in FIG. Both connecting members 3 and 3 are inserted through the insertion holes 2a and 2a in a state where the width is directed in the vertical direction and the width of the other connecting member 3 is directed in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, one insertion hole 2 a is formed long in the width direction of the load receiving member 2, and the other insertion hole 2 a is formed long in the length direction of the load receiving member 2. The “shape with different width and thickness” means that the width on the cross section of the connecting member 3 is larger than the thickness. In the drawing, the cross-sectional shape of the connecting member 3 is formed in a rectangular shape, but is not limited to this shape, and may be formed in an elliptical shape or the like.

図8〜図10の例では一方の連結部材3の幅を鉛直方向に向けることで、一方の連結部材3をグレーチング1の厚さ方向(荷重受け部材2の幅方向)の変形に対する抵抗力を発揮させ、他方の連結部材3の幅を水平方向に向けることで、他方の連結部材3をグレーチング1の幅方向(荷重受け部材2の長さ方向)の変形に対する抵抗力を発揮させることになる。   In the example of FIGS. 8 to 10, the resistance of one connecting member 3 against deformation in the thickness direction of the grating 1 (width direction of the load receiving member 2) is set by directing the width of one connecting member 3 in the vertical direction. By exerting the width of the other connecting member 3 in the horizontal direction, the other connecting member 3 is made to exhibit resistance to deformation in the width direction of the grating 1 (length direction of the load receiving member 2). .

図8〜図10の例ではまた、嵌合部2dを表面側溝部2bの周囲を包囲するように四角筒状に形成し、それに対応して被嵌合部2eを背面側溝部2cの周囲を包囲するように四角形状の溝として形成している。嵌合部2dは円筒状その他の筒状に形成されることもある。これらの場合、嵌合部2dが筒状であることで、被嵌合部2eに荷重受け部材2の幅方向と長さ方向の二方向に係合した状態になるため、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2の一体性が図5、図6の場合より強まり、隣接する荷重受け部材2、2間のずれが生じにくくなる。   8 to 10, the fitting portion 2d is formed in a square tube shape so as to surround the surface side groove portion 2b, and the fitting portion 2e is correspondingly formed around the back side groove portion 2c. It is formed as a rectangular groove so as to surround it. The fitting portion 2d may be formed in a cylindrical shape or other cylindrical shape. In these cases, since the fitting portion 2d is cylindrical, the fitted portion 2e is engaged in two directions, ie, the width direction and the length direction of the load receiving member 2, so that the adjacent load receiving member The integrity of 2 and 2 is stronger than in the case of FIGS. 5 and 6, and the displacement between the adjacent load receiving members 2 and 2 is less likely to occur.

図10は連結部材3が合成樹脂製の棒材である場合に、全荷重受け部材2の挿通孔2aに挿通させ、連結部材3の、グレーチング1の長さ方向(荷重受け部材2の厚さ方向)一方側の荷重受け部材2の表面側溝部2b内に位置する部分と、他方側の荷重受け部材2の背面側溝部2c内に位置する部分を溶解させた場合の、連結部材3による全荷重受け部材2の連結例を示す。この場合、連結部材3の軸方向両端部の溶解部分が表面側溝部2b内と背面側溝部2c内を埋め尽くした状態で硬化することにより連結部材3の両端部がそれぞれの側に位置する荷重受け部材2、2に接合されることになる。   FIG. 10 shows that when the connecting member 3 is a bar made of synthetic resin, the connecting member 3 is inserted into the insertion hole 2a of the total load receiving member 2 and the length direction of the grating 1 of the connecting member 3 (the thickness of the load receiving member 2). Direction) All of the connecting members 3 when the portion located in the front side groove portion 2b of the load receiving member 2 on one side and the portion located in the rear side groove portion 2c of the load receiving member 2 on the other side are dissolved. A connection example of the load receiving member 2 is shown. In this case, the load at which both ends of the connecting member 3 are positioned on the respective sides by curing the melted portions at both ends in the axial direction of the connecting member 3 while filling the inside of the front side groove 2b and the back side groove 2c. It will be joined to the receiving members 2 and 2.

図11はグレーチング1を支持部材4上に載置し、支持させた様子を、図12は支持部材4の形状例を示す。支持部材4は全荷重受け部材2が連結された状態にあるグレーチング1の幅方向両側の下面が載置される支持部41、41と、グレーチング1の幅方向両側の側面が接触し得る保持部42、42と、グレーチング1の長さ方向両側の端面が接触し得る係止部43、43を持つ。グレーチング1は支持部材4の支持部41、41上に載置され、保持部42、42に幅方向の移動が拘束され、係止部43、43に長さ方向の移動が拘束された状態で支持部材4に支持される。   FIG. 11 shows a state in which the grating 1 is placed on and supported by the support member 4, and FIG. 12 shows a shape example of the support member 4. The support member 4 includes support portions 41 and 41 on which the lower surfaces of both sides in the width direction of the grating 1 in a state where the full load receiving member 2 is connected, and a holding portion in which side surfaces on both sides in the width direction of the grating 1 can come into contact. 42 and 42 and the latching | locking parts 43 and 43 which the end surfaces of the length direction both sides of the grating 1 can contact. The grating 1 is placed on the support portions 41 and 41 of the support member 4, the movement in the width direction is restricted by the holding portions 42 and 42, and the movement in the length direction is restricted by the locking portions 43 and 43. It is supported by the support member 4.

1枚のグレーチング1の長さ、すなわち荷重受け部材2の連結枚数はグレーチング1の設置場所に応じて自由に設定可能であり、場所によっては複数枚のグレーチング1が長さ方向に連続して配置されることもあるため、支持部材4は図12に示すように1枚のグレーチング1を支持する大きさである場合と、複数枚のグレーチング1を支持する大きさである場合がある。後者の場合、支持部材4は図12に示す支持部材4が長さ方向に伸長した形状をすることになる。   The length of one grating 1, that is, the number of connected load receiving members 2 can be set freely according to the installation location of the grating 1, and depending on the location, a plurality of gratings 1 are continuously arranged in the length direction. Therefore, the support member 4 may be sized to support a single grating 1 as shown in FIG. 12 or may be sized to support a plurality of gratings 1. In the latter case, the support member 4 has a shape in which the support member 4 shown in FIG. 12 extends in the length direction.

1……グレーチング、
2……荷重受け部材、21……凸部、2a……挿通孔、2b……表面側溝部、2c……背面側溝部、2d……嵌合部、2e……被嵌合部、2f……凹み、
3……連結部材、3a……頭部、3b……軸部、31……ナット、
4……支持部材、41……支持部、42……保持部、43……係止部。
1 …… Grating,
2... Load receiving member, 21... Convex, 2 a .. insertion hole, 2 b. ... dent,
3 …… Connecting member, 3a …… Head, 3b …… Shaft, 31 …… Nut,
4 ... support member, 41 ... support portion, 42 ... holding portion, 43 ... locking portion.

Claims (6)

厚さ方向に配列する複数本の荷重受け部材と、この全荷重受け部材の少なくとも長さ方向両側を厚さ方向に貫通し、前記全荷重受け部材を互いに連結する複数本の連結部材とを備え、
前記荷重受け部材の、前記連結部材が貫通する部分の厚さ方向一方側の面に凸部が形成され、この凸部の範囲内に前記連結部材が貫通する挿通孔が形成され、
前記全荷重受け部材の前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面側から、前記連結部材の一方の端部が納まる表面側溝部が形成され、前記凸部が形成された面の反対側の面から、前記連結部材の他方側の端部が納まる背面側溝部が形成されており、
前記凸部の表面側の面積は前記背面側溝部の、前記荷重受け部材の厚さ方向への投影面積より大きく、
前記全荷重受け部材は前記凸部の形成面を同一側に向けて配列し、前記連結部材が前記全荷重受け部材の前記挿通孔を貫通し、前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面がその側に隣接する前記荷重受け部材に接触した状態で厚さ方向に連結されていることを特徴とするグレーチング。
A plurality of load receiving members arranged in the thickness direction, and a plurality of connecting members that penetrate at least both longitudinal sides of the total load receiving member in the thickness direction and connect the all load receiving members to each other. ,
A convex portion is formed on the surface of the load receiving member on one side in the thickness direction of the portion through which the connecting member passes, and an insertion hole through which the connecting member passes is formed within the range of the convex portion,
From the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion of the total load receiving member, a surface side groove portion in which one end portion of the connecting member is accommodated is formed, and from the surface opposite to the surface on which the convex portion is formed, A back side groove portion is formed in which the other end of the connecting member is housed;
The area on the surface side of the convex part is larger than the projected area of the back side groove part in the thickness direction of the load receiving member,
The total load receiving member is arranged toward the forming surface of the convex portion on the same side, the connecting member passes through the through hole of the total load receiving member, the thickness direction of the surface that side of the convex portion The grating is characterized in that it is connected in the thickness direction while being in contact with the load receiving member adjacent thereto.
前記荷重受け部材の本体部の高さより前記凸部の高さが小さいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載のグレーチング。 The grating according to claim 1, wherein a height of the convex portion is smaller than a height of a main body portion of the load receiving member . 前記荷重受け部材の前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面と、前記凸部の形成面の反対側の面は平面の一部をなしていることを特徴とする請求項1、もしくは請求項2に記載のグレーチング。 The thickness direction of the surface of the convex portion of the load receiving member, the surface opposite the forming surface of the convex portions claim 1, characterized in that it forms part of a plane, or in claim 2 The grating described. 前記表面側溝部と前記背面側溝部のいずれか一方は前記連結部材の一方の端部が軸方向に嵌合し得る形状をし、他方は前記連結部材の他方の端部に螺合するナットが挿入された状態でこのナットが回転し得る形状をしていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載のグレーチング Either one of the front surface side groove portion and the back surface side groove portion has a shape in which one end portion of the connecting member can be fitted in the axial direction, and the other has a nut that is screwed into the other end portion of the connecting member. grating according to any one of claims 1 to 3 the nut in the inserted state, characterized in that a shape capable of rotating 前記荷重受け部材の前記凸部の厚さ方向の表面側と反対側の背面側のいずれか一方に凸の嵌合部が形成され、他方に前記凸の嵌合部が嵌合し得る凹の被嵌合部が形成され、厚さ方向に隣接する2本の前記荷重受け部材は一方の嵌合部が他方の被嵌合部に嵌合した状態で互いに連結されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載のグレーチング。   A convex fitting portion is formed on one of the rear surface side opposite to the surface side in the thickness direction of the convex portion of the load receiving member, and the concave fitting portion can be fitted with the convex fitting portion on the other side. A fitted portion is formed, and the two load receiving members adjacent in the thickness direction are connected to each other in a state where one fitted portion is fitted to the other fitted portion. The grating according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれかに記載のグレーチングと、このグレーチングを受ける支持部材とを備えるグレーチングユニットであり、前記支持部材は前記全荷重受け部材が連結された状態にある前記グレーチングの幅方向両側の下面が載置される支持部と、前記グレーチングの幅方向両側の側面が接触し得る保持部と、前記グレーチングの長さ方向両側の端面が接触し得る係止部とを持ち、前記グレーチングは前記支持部材の前記支持部上に載置され、前記保持部に幅方向の移動が拘束され、前記係止部に長さ方向の移動が拘束された状態で前記支持部材に支持されていることを特徴とするグレーチングユニット。
A grating unit comprising the grating according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and a support member that receives the grating, wherein the support member is a width of the grating in a state where the full load receiving member is connected. A supporting portion on which the lower surfaces on both sides in the direction are placed, a holding portion on which side surfaces on both sides in the width direction of the grating can be in contact, and a locking portion on which end surfaces on both sides in the length direction of the grating are in contact, The grating is placed on the support portion of the support member, supported by the support member in a state where movement in the width direction is restricted by the holding portion, and movement in the length direction is restricted by the locking portion. A grating unit characterized by
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