JP6338770B2 - Friction stir welding method - Google Patents

Friction stir welding method Download PDF

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JP6338770B2
JP6338770B2 JP2017511519A JP2017511519A JP6338770B2 JP 6338770 B2 JP6338770 B2 JP 6338770B2 JP 2017511519 A JP2017511519 A JP 2017511519A JP 2017511519 A JP2017511519 A JP 2017511519A JP 6338770 B2 JP6338770 B2 JP 6338770B2
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joining
tool
friction stir
joined
stir welding
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JPWO2016163214A1 (en
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卓矢 池田
卓矢 池田
武士 物種
武士 物種
石井　隆一
隆一 石井
繁信 栃山
繁信 栃山
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding

Description

この発明は、摩擦攪拌接合方法に関し、特に、ツール抜去部における接合品質の確保に好適な摩擦攪拌接合方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a friction stir welding how, in particular, those related to the preferred friction stir welding how to secure the bonding quality in tool removal unit.

摩擦攪拌接合（ＦＳＷ：Ｆｒｉｃｔｉｏｎ Ｓｔｉｒ Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ）は、金属接合技術の一つであり、接合部にツールと呼ばれる回転工具を挿入し、ツールを回転させながら接合線に沿って移動させることにより、接合部を攪拌させることで固相接合する方法である。また、摩擦攪拌接合は、溶融温度以下で接合可能であるため、金属組織の変態による接合部の強度低下や、変形が小さいなど多くの利点がある。
しかし、従来の摩擦攪拌接合は、ツール抜去部にツールを挿入していた穴が残ってしまい、その穴の部分で接合構造体の強度低下やリークが生じるという問題がある。そのため、摩擦攪拌接合では、ツール抜去後の穴に対する対策が必要とされている。
そこで、この問題の対策として、ツール抜去部を接合部から外して配置する方法が開示されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is one of the metal joining technologies. A rotating tool called a tool is inserted into the joint, and the tool is moved along the joining line while rotating the tool. Is a method of solid phase bonding by stirring. In addition, since friction stir welding can be performed at a melting temperature or lower, there are many advantages such as a decrease in strength of the joint due to transformation of the metal structure and small deformation.
However, the conventional friction stir welding has a problem that the hole into which the tool has been inserted remains in the tool removal portion, and the strength of the bonded structure is reduced and leakage occurs at the hole. Therefore, in the friction stir welding, measures against the hole after the tool is removed are required.
Thus, as a countermeasure against this problem, a method of disposing the tool removal portion from the joint portion and disposing it (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特許第４６８７７０６号公報Japanese Patent No. 4687706

しかしながら、従来の摩擦攪拌接合方法にあっては、前述のようなツール抜去部の穴による強度低下やリーク発生の防止方法として、ツールを抜去するスペースを設ける必要があり、接合構造体が大型化または複雑化するという問題点がある。
この発明は前述のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、接合構造体が大型化または複雑化することなく、ツール抜去部の穴による接合強度の低下やリークの発生を抑制することができる摩擦攪拌接合方法を得ることを目的とするものである。 However, in the conventional friction stir welding how, as a method to prevent the hole by the strength decrease and leakage generation tools removed portion as described above, it is necessary to provide a space for withdrawing the tool, the bonding structure large There is a problem that it becomes complicated or complicated.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and suppresses the decrease in bonding strength and the occurrence of leakage due to the hole in the tool removal portion without increasing or increasing the size of the bonding structure. is for the purpose of obtaining a friction stir welding how capable.

この発明に係わる摩擦攪拌接合方法は、金属からなる被接合部材を準備する工程と、前記被接合部材に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ部が先端に設けられ、前記テーパ部のテーパ角度が７５°から１５０°であり、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部と、前記ショルダー部の先端である上底に設けられた円錐形状を有するプローブ部とから構成された接合ツールを準備する工程と、前記被接合部材の摩擦攪拌接合をおこなう始端に前記接合ツールを回転させながら挿入する工程と、前記接合ツールを回転させながら前記被接合部材の接合部を攪拌する工程と、前記接合ツールを接合線に沿って接合方向に移動させながら、前記接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、前記摩擦攪拌接合の終端から前記接合ツールを抜去する工程と、を有し、前記終端には、前記接合ツールが抜去された穴が残らないものである。 In the friction stir welding method according to the present invention, a step of preparing a member to be joined made of metal , a tapered portion is provided at the tip so that the diameter decreases toward the member to be joined , and the taper angle of the tapered portion is Preparing a joining tool composed of a shoulder portion having a truncated cone shape of 75 ° to 150 °, and a probe portion having a conical shape provided on an upper bottom that is a tip of the shoulder portion; Inserting the joining tool while rotating the joining tool at the starting end for performing friction stir welding of the members to be joined, stirring the joining portion of the joined members while rotating the joining tool, and joining the joining tool to the joining line While moving in the joining direction along, by lifting the joining tool in an oblique direction with respect to the joined members so that the depth of the joint portion gradually decreases, Removing the welding tool from the end of the friction stir welding, and the hole from which the welding tool has been removed does not remain at the end.

この発明による摩擦攪拌接合方法によれば、接合ツールを接合線に沿って接合方向に移動させながら、接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツールを被接合部材に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、摩擦攪拌接合の終端から接合ツールを抜去することにより、ツール抜去部に穴が残らないので、接合構造体を大型化または複雑化することなく、ツール抜去部の穴による接合強度の低下やリークの発生を抑制することができる。   According to the friction stir welding method according to the present invention, while moving the welding tool in the welding direction along the welding line, the welding tool is inclined with respect to the members to be joined so that the depth of the joint is gradually reduced. By removing the welding tool from the end of the friction stir welding by lifting, no hole remains in the tool removal part, so the joining strength of the tool removal part can be increased without increasing the size or complexity of the joining structure. Reduction and occurrence of leakage can be suppressed.

この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールを示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the welding tool used for the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールの変形例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the joining tool used for the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールの変形例を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the modification of the joining tool used for the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of this invention. 比較例における一般的な摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールを示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the joining tool used for the general friction stir welding method in a comparative example. この発明の実施の形態２における摩擦攪拌接合方法を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 2 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態３における摩擦攪拌接合方法により製作した接合構造体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the joining structure manufactured by the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 3 of this invention. 図６ＡのＡ−Ａ線の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the AA line of FIG. 6A. 比較例における摩擦攪拌接合方法により製作した接合構造体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the joining structure manufactured by the friction stir welding method in a comparative example. 図７ＡのＢ−Ｂ線の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the BB line of FIG. 7A. この発明の実施の形態４における接合構造体を示す断面模式図である。It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the joining structure body in Embodiment 4 of this invention.

実施の形態１．
以下、図面に基づいてこの発明の実施の形態１について説明する。
図１は、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールを示す模式図である。また、図２Ａおよび図２Ｂは、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールの変形例を示す模式図である。また、図３は、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法の接合ツールの抜き方を示す模式図である。
図１に示すように、摩擦攪拌接合に使用する接合ツール１は、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部２とそのショルダー部２の先端である上底に設けられた円錐形状を有するプローブ部３から構成されている。ショルダー部２の形状は円錐台形状を有しているが、一部切り込みがあってもよい。プローブ部３の形状は、先端がテーパ形状であるテーパ部１０を有していれば、様々な形状でも適用可能である。また、プローブ部３の先端は、エッジでなく、アールが付いていても良い。なお、実施の形態１で使用する接合ツール１のプローブ部３は、通常は溝のない形状であるが、攪拌力を上げるために、ネジ状の溝を切っても良い。実施の形態１の接合ツール１は、ショルダー部２が、プローブ部３に近接するにしたがってショルダー直径が小さくなる方向にテーパ形状になるテーパ部９を有している。Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a welding tool used in the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing a modification of the welding tool used in the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing how to remove the welding tool of the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a welding tool 1 used for friction stir welding includes a shoulder portion 2 having a truncated cone shape and a probe portion 3 having a cone shape provided on the upper bottom that is the tip of the shoulder portion 2. Has been. The shape of the shoulder portion 2 has a truncated cone shape, but may be partially cut. As long as the shape of the probe part 3 has the taper part 10 whose front-end | tip is a taper shape, various shapes are applicable. Further, the tip of the probe unit 3 may be rounded instead of the edge. In addition, although the probe part 3 of the joining tool 1 used in Embodiment 1 is a shape without a groove | channel normally, in order to raise stirring power, you may cut a screw-shaped groove | channel. The joining tool 1 according to the first embodiment has a tapered portion 9 in which the shoulder portion 2 is tapered in a direction in which the shoulder diameter decreases as the probe portion 3 approaches the probe portion 3.

そのため、図３の説明において後述するが、被接合部材４とショルダー部２との間の抵抗が小さくなり、バリ８の発生を抑制することが可能である。また、実施の形態１における接合ツール１は、被接合部材４の表面にショルダー部２が接触していれば、欠陥の発生なくバリ８も抑制できる。接合ツール１のショルダー直径は、φが３ｍｍから３０ｍｍ、ショルダー部２のテーパ部９のテーパ角度は、７５°から１５０°程度が好適であり、ショルダー直径が大きく、テーパ角度が小さいほど、挿入深さの裕度が大きくなる。また、この発明の実施の形態１の接合ツール１は、前進角を設ける必要がないため、複雑形状の被接合部材４への適用も容易である。さらに、一般的な接合ツール１を用いた場合、接合幅と接合深さのアスペクト比は、３：１程度であるのに対し、この発明の実施の形態１における接合ツール１を用いた場合は、接合幅と接合深さのアスペクト比を１：１程度にすることが可能である。 Therefore, as will be described later in the description of FIG. 3, the resistance between the bonded member 4 and the shoulder portion 2 is reduced, and the generation of burrs 8 can be suppressed. Moreover, if the shoulder part 2 is contacting the surface of the to-be-joined member 4, the joining tool 1 in Embodiment 1 can also suppress the burr | flash 8 without generation | occurrence | production of a defect. The shoulder diameter of the welding tool 1 is preferably 3 mm to 30 mm, and the taper angle of the taper portion 9 of the shoulder portion 2 is preferably about 75 ° to 150 °. The larger the shoulder diameter and the smaller the taper angle, the greater the insertion depth. The margin of Samurai increases. Moreover, since the joining tool 1 of Embodiment 1 of this invention does not need to provide an advance angle, application to the to-be-joined member 4 of a complicated shape is also easy. Further, when the general joining tool 1 is used, the aspect ratio between the joining width and the joining depth is about 3: 1, whereas when the joining tool 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used. The aspect ratio between the junction width and the junction depth can be about 1: 1.

この発明の実施の形態１における接合ツール１は、ショルダー部２の直径を小さくすることができることも特徴の一つである。一般的な摩擦攪拌接合に用いる接合ツール１では、ショルダー部２の直径が小さいと、被接合部材４の表面である接合金属５からの挿入深さの位置精度が非常にシビアになり、欠陥やバリ８の少ない摩擦攪拌接合をすることが困難である。しかし、この発明の実施の形態１における接合ツール１は、挿入深さに対する裕度が高いため、小径のショルダー形状の接合ツール１でも摩擦攪拌接合できる。ショルダー径が小さい場合、摩擦攪拌接合時に加わる力が小さくなるため、被接合部材４の拘束治具を簡易化することができる。また、例えば被接合部材４が薄板の場合においても、摩擦攪拌接合などが可能になる。ただし、ショルダー径が小さい場合、周速を高くするために、高回転数の接合条件が必要になる。   One feature of the joining tool 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is that the diameter of the shoulder portion 2 can be reduced. In the welding tool 1 used for general friction stir welding, when the diameter of the shoulder portion 2 is small, the positional accuracy of the insertion depth from the joining metal 5 which is the surface of the member 4 to be joined becomes very severe, and defects and It is difficult to perform friction stir welding with few burrs 8. However, since the welding tool 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a high tolerance for the insertion depth, even the small diameter shoulder-shaped welding tool 1 can be friction stir welded. When the shoulder diameter is small, the force applied at the time of friction stir welding is small, so that the restraining jig for the member 4 to be joined can be simplified. Further, for example, even when the member 4 to be joined is a thin plate, friction stir welding or the like is possible. However, when the shoulder diameter is small, joining conditions with a high rotational speed are necessary to increase the peripheral speed.

また、図２Ａ、図２Ｂは、実施の形態１における接合ツール１の変形例を示す。図２Ａ、図２Ｂにおいて、ショルダー部２は、図１と同様にプローブ部３に近接するにしたがってショルダー直径が小さくなる方向にテーパ形状となるテーパ部９を有している。プローブ部３の形状は、円錐形状を有している。
図３は、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法の接合ツールの抜き方を示す模式図である。図３において、被接合部材４は一枚の板であり、摩擦攪拌接合方法におけるツールの抜き方とこの方法を実施した際の攪拌領域を示したものである。よって、図３では、被接合部材同士を接合することを示したものではない。2A and 2B show a modification of the welding tool 1 in the first embodiment. 2A and 2B, the shoulder portion 2 has a tapered portion 9 that has a tapered shape in a direction in which the shoulder diameter decreases as it approaches the probe portion 3 as in FIG. The probe portion 3 has a conical shape.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing how to remove the welding tool of the friction stir welding method in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the member 4 to be joined is a single plate, and shows how to remove the tool in the friction stir welding method and the stirring region when this method is carried out. Therefore, in FIG. 3, it does not show joining to-be-joined members.

実施の形態１では、図３に示すように摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１が、被接合部材４に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ部９を設けたショルダー部２と、ショルダー部２の先端である上底に直径がショルダー部２の最小直径以下のプローブ部３を有している。また、そのプローブ部３の先端は、被接合部材４に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ形状となっているテーパ部１０を有している。実施の形態１では、この接合ツール１を用いた摩擦攪拌接合方法において、接合ツール１を抜去する方法が接合方向と同じ方向に接合ツール１を移動させながら、接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツール１を被接合部材４に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、摩擦攪拌接合の終端から接合ツール１を抜去する摩擦攪拌接合方法である。   In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the welding tool 1 for friction stir welding has a shoulder portion 2 provided with a tapered portion 9 so that the diameter decreases toward the member 4 to be joined, and the tip of the shoulder portion 2. A probe portion 3 having a diameter equal to or smaller than the minimum diameter of the shoulder portion 2 is provided on the upper base. Further, the tip of the probe portion 3 has a tapered portion 10 having a tapered shape so that the diameter becomes smaller toward the bonded member 4. In the first embodiment, in the friction stir welding method using this welding tool 1, the method of removing the welding tool 1 moves the welding tool 1 in the same direction as the welding direction, and the depth of the bonding portion is gradually reduced. This is a friction stir welding method in which the joining tool 1 is removed from the end of the friction stir welding by lifting the joining tool 1 obliquely with respect to the member 4 to be joined.

この発明の実施の形態１の摩擦攪拌接合方法は、金属からなる被接合部材を準備する工程と、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部と、ショルダー部の先端である上底に設けられた円錐形状を有するプローブ部とから構成された接合ツールを準備する工程と、被接合部材の摩擦攪拌接合をおこなう始端に接合ツールを回転させながら挿入する工程と、接合ツールを回転させながら被接合部材の接合部を攪拌する工程と、接合ツールを接合線に沿って接合方向に移動させながら、接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツールを被接合部材に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、摩擦攪拌接合の終端から接合ツールを抜去する工程と、を有するものである。   The friction stir welding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a step of preparing a member to be joined made of metal, a shoulder portion having a truncated cone shape, and a conical shape provided on an upper bottom that is a tip of the shoulder portion. A step of preparing a joining tool composed of a probe unit having a step, a step of inserting the welding tool into a starting end for performing friction stir welding of the members to be joined, and a step of inserting the joining tool while rotating the joining tool. And by moving the welding tool in the welding direction along the welding line and lifting the welding tool in an oblique direction with respect to the workpieces so that the depth of the welding portion gradually decreases. And a step of removing the welding tool from the end of the stir welding.

よって、この発明の実施の形態１の摩擦攪拌接合方法では、接合ツール１を接合線に沿って接合方向に移動させながら、接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツール１を被接合部材４に対して斜め方向に持ち上げるため、接合ツール１を完全に抜去してもプローブ部３の形状の穴６が残らない。これにより、接合部以外で接合ツール１を抜くスペースを設ける必要がないため、摩擦攪拌接合による接合構造体を小型化することが可能である。また、接合部に穴６が残らなくなるため、接合強度の低下や、密閉容器に摩擦攪拌接合を適用した際にリークの発生を抑制することができる。また、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法は、ツール抜去部の穴６が形成されていないため、穴６に対応した後工程が不要となる。なお、摩擦攪拌接合の溶接品質は、ショルダー部２の径の周速に影響される。斜めに接合ツール１を持ち上げた場合、ショルダー部２の径が徐々に小さくなるため、接合ツール１を斜めに持ち上げながら、回転数を増大させる方が好適である。   Therefore, in the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the welding tool 1 is joined so that the depth of the joining portion gradually decreases while the welding tool 1 is moved in the joining direction along the joining line. Since the member 4 is lifted in an oblique direction, the hole 6 having the shape of the probe portion 3 does not remain even if the joining tool 1 is completely removed. Thereby, since it is not necessary to provide a space for removing the joining tool 1 other than the joining portion, it is possible to reduce the size of the joining structure by friction stir welding. Moreover, since the hole 6 does not remain in a joining part, generation | occurrence | production of a leak can be suppressed when a joint strength fall and the friction stir welding are applied to an airtight container. Further, in the friction stir welding method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the hole 6 of the tool removal portion is not formed, a post-process corresponding to the hole 6 becomes unnecessary. Note that the welding quality of the friction stir welding is affected by the peripheral speed of the diameter of the shoulder portion 2. When the joining tool 1 is lifted obliquely, the diameter of the shoulder portion 2 gradually decreases. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the rotation speed while lifting the joining tool 1 obliquely.

一方、図４は、比較例における一般的な摩擦攪拌接合方法に用いる接合ツールを示す模式図である。比較例における一般的な摩擦攪拌接合は、図４に示すような接合ツール１と呼ばれる棒状の工具を高速で回転させながら被接合部材４と接触させて、被接合部材４と接合ツール１の摩擦熱を利用して接合する。これは固層状態で接合する手法で、接合最高到達温度が融点以下になる。そのため、融接に比べ、接合部における強度低下の低下が小さい、接合変形が小さいなどの多くのメリットがある。比較例における摩擦攪拌接合に使用される接合ツール１は円筒形状であり、直径の大きいショルダー部２と、その先端に設けられた小径のプローブ部３から構成されている。接合中は、プローブ部３を被接合部材４内に挿入し、接合線に沿って移動させる。摩擦熱で軟化させた被接合部材４を接合ツール１で攪拌し、塑性流動を起こすことにより接合する。   On the other hand, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a welding tool used in a general friction stir welding method in a comparative example. In general friction stir welding in the comparative example, a bar-shaped tool called a welding tool 1 as shown in FIG. 4 is brought into contact with the member 4 while rotating at a high speed, and the friction between the member 4 and the welding tool 1 is brought into contact. Join using heat. This is a technique of joining in a solid layer state, and the maximum joining temperature is below the melting point. Therefore, compared with fusion welding, there are many merits such as a decrease in strength reduction at the joint and a small joint deformation. A welding tool 1 used for friction stir welding in the comparative example has a cylindrical shape, and includes a shoulder portion 2 having a large diameter and a small-diameter probe portion 3 provided at the tip thereof. During joining, the probe part 3 is inserted into the member 4 to be joined and moved along the joining line. The members to be joined 4 softened by frictional heat are agitated by the joining tool 1 and joined by causing plastic flow.

摩擦攪拌接合用の接合ツール１には、被接合部材４より融点が高く、高温強度の高い材料が必要である。アルミニウム合金を接合する場合、ＳＫＤ６１等のＳＫあるいはＳＫＤ工具鋼を使用するのが一般的である。また、近年では、軟鋼やステンレス鋼にも摩擦攪拌接合が利用されており、その場合、摩擦攪拌接合のツールはコバルト合金や超硬合金が使用されている。
摩擦攪拌接合の欠点として、ツール抜去部に残存する穴６による品質低下と、バリ８の発生が挙げられる。比較例における摩擦攪拌接合では、ツール抜去部でプローブ部３の形状の穴が必ず生じる。そのため、その部位で応力集中による接合構造体の破壊や、密閉容器に摩擦攪拌接合を適用した際にツール抜去部からのリークの発生が問題になる。そのため、接合部から外した位置で接合ツール１を抜くか、後工程でツール抜去部の穴６を溶接や接着剤などで埋める必要がある。しかし、接合部から外して接合ツール１を抜去する方法は、接合構造体が大型化または複雑化する。接合構造体の形状を変更しない方法として、板などの部品を接合部から延長したところに設置し、その部品でツールを抜去後、部品を除去する方法があるが、工数が増大するため、製作コストが増大する。また、後工程でツール抜去部の穴を埋める方法も製作コストが増大する。The welding tool 1 for friction stir welding requires a material having a higher melting point and higher high-temperature strength than the member 4 to be joined. When joining aluminum alloys, it is common to use SK or SKD tool steel such as SKD61. In recent years, friction stir welding is also used for mild steel and stainless steel. In this case, a cobalt alloy or a cemented carbide is used as a tool for friction stir welding.
Disadvantages of friction stir welding include quality degradation due to the holes 6 remaining in the tool removal portion and generation of burrs 8. In the friction stir welding in the comparative example, a hole having the shape of the probe portion 3 is inevitably generated at the tool removal portion. For this reason, there is a problem of destruction of the bonded structure due to stress concentration at the portion or occurrence of leakage from the tool removal portion when friction stir welding is applied to the sealed container. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the joining tool 1 at a position removed from the joining portion, or to fill the hole 6 in the tool removing portion with welding or an adhesive in a later process. However, in the method of removing the joining tool 1 from the joining portion, the joining structure becomes large or complicated. As a method that does not change the shape of the joint structure, there is a method in which a part such as a plate is extended from the joint, and after removing the tool with that part, the part is removed. Cost increases. In addition, the method of filling the hole in the tool removal part in a subsequent process also increases the manufacturing cost.

図４のような一般的なツール形状で、接合ツール１を斜めに持ち上げた場合、ショルダー部２が被接合部材４から離れてしまい、攪拌された接合金属５を被接合部材４の表面で抑えられずに接合部に欠陥が発生する。そのため、一般的なツール形状を用いて斜めに接合ツール１を持ち上げても、欠陥なくツール抜去部の穴６を無くすことは出来ない。
一方、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１は、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部２から構成されている。つまり、ショルダー部２の先端は、テーパ形状を有するテーパ部９を有している。そのため、接合ツール１を持ち上げてもショルダー部２が被接合部材４から離れず、攪拌された接合金属５を抑えることが可能である。 When the joining tool 1 is lifted obliquely in a general tool shape as shown in FIG. 4 , the shoulder portion 2 is separated from the joined member 4, and the agitated joining metal 5 is suppressed on the surface of the joined member 4. A defect is generated in the joint portion. Therefore, even if the joining tool 1 is lifted obliquely using a general tool shape, the hole 6 in the tool removal portion cannot be eliminated without a defect.
On the other hand, the welding tool 1 for friction stir welding in the first embodiment of the present invention is constituted by a shoulder portion 2 having a truncated cone shape. That is, the front end of the shoulder portion 2 has a tapered portion 9 having a tapered shape. Therefore, even if the joining tool 1 is lifted, the shoulder portion 2 does not move away from the joined member 4, and the agitated joining metal 5 can be suppressed.

比較例における摩擦攪拌接合では、接合時にショルダー部２と被接合部材４の接触面からバリ８が発生する。バリ８は製品の加工性、使用性、製品の見た目などに悪影響を与えるため、摩擦攪拌接合後はバリ取りが必要になる。接合後にバリ取りすることにより、後工程への悪影響は抑制することができるが、半導体デバイスなどの部品が搭載された被接合部材４に摩擦攪拌接合を適用する場合、摩擦攪拌接合中に発生したバリ８によって部品を損傷する可能性があるので、バリ８の発生を抑制する必要がある。
また、比較例における一般的な接合ツール１では、前進角を３°から５°程度設けることが通常である。これは、垂直に接合ツール１を被接合部材４に挿入する場合、接合ツール１の挿入深さの裕度が少ないことが理由である。接合ツール挿入深さが浅い場合、攪拌した接合金属５を抑えることができないため、欠陥が発生し、逆に接合ツール挿入深さが深い場合、バリ８が多量に発生する。また、コンマ数ミリ単位の挿入深さの変化で欠陥や、バリ８の出方が大きく変化してしまう。接合ツール１に前進角を設けることによって、挿入深さの裕度は大きくなるが、前進角を設けると複雑な接合形状のものに対応が困難になる。In the friction stir welding in the comparative example, burrs 8 are generated from the contact surface between the shoulder portion 2 and the member 4 to be joined at the time of joining. Since the burr 8 adversely affects the workability, usability, and appearance of the product, it is necessary to remove the burr after the friction stir welding. By deburring after joining, adverse effects on the post-process can be suppressed. However, when friction stir welding is applied to the member to be joined 4 on which components such as semiconductor devices are mounted, it occurred during friction stir welding. Since there is a possibility that parts are damaged by the burr 8, it is necessary to suppress the generation of the burr 8.
Moreover, in the general joining tool 1 in a comparative example, it is usual to provide an advance angle of about 3 ° to 5 °. This is because when the joining tool 1 is inserted vertically into the member 4 to be joined, the margin of the insertion depth of the joining tool 1 is small. When the joining tool insertion depth is shallow, the agitated joining metal 5 cannot be suppressed, so that a defect occurs. Conversely, when the joining tool insertion depth is deep, a large amount of burrs 8 are generated. In addition, the defect and the manner in which the burrs 8 come out change greatly due to the change of the insertion depth in the order of several millimeters of commas. By providing the advancing angle in the welding tool 1, the tolerance of the insertion depth is increased. However, if the advancing angle is provided, it is difficult to cope with a complicated joining shape.

この発明の実施の形態１に係る摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１は、被接合部材４に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ部９を設けたショルダー部２と、ショルダー部２の先端である上底に直径がショルダー部２の最小直径以下のプローブ部３を有している。また、そのプローブ部３の先端は、被接合部材４に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ形状を有するテーパ部１０を備えている。また、実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合方法は、その接合ツール１を用いて、接合方向と同じ方向に接合ツール１を移動させながら、接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツール１を被接合部材４に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、摩擦攪拌接合の終端から抜去するものである。接合方向と同じ方向に移動させながら、斜めに持ち上げて接合ツール１を抜去することにより、ツール抜去部に穴が残らない。また、この発明の実施の形態１における摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１は、ショルダー部２がテーパ形状を有している。そのため、接合ツール１を持ち上げてもショルダー部２が被接合部材４から一気に離れず、接合ツール１を持ち上げても攪拌された接合金属５を抑えることが可能である。   A welding tool 1 for friction stir welding according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a shoulder portion 2 provided with a tapered portion 9 so that the diameter decreases toward the member 4 to be joined, and the top of the shoulder portion 2. A probe portion 3 having a diameter equal to or smaller than the minimum diameter of the shoulder portion 2 is provided at the bottom. Further, the tip of the probe portion 3 includes a tapered portion 10 having a tapered shape so that the diameter decreases toward the member 4 to be joined. Further, the friction stir welding method according to the first embodiment uses the welding tool 1 to move the welding tool 1 in the same direction as the welding direction, so that the depth of the bonding portion gradually decreases. Is lifted in an oblique direction with respect to the member 4 to be joined, and is removed from the end of the friction stir welding. While moving in the same direction as the joining direction, the joining tool 1 is removed by lifting it obliquely, so that no hole remains in the tool removal portion. Further, in the welding tool 1 for friction stir welding in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the shoulder portion 2 has a tapered shape. Therefore, even if the joining tool 1 is lifted, the shoulder portion 2 does not move away from the member 4 to be joined at a stretch, and the agitated joining metal 5 can be suppressed even if the joining tool 1 is lifted.

なお、上述した摩擦攪拌接合方法では、直線状に接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように接合ツール１を被接合部材４に対して斜め方向に直線的に持ち上げる場合について示したが、被接合部材４が、例えば円形もしくは楕円形である円状の接合軌跡であれば、その軌跡に沿って接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるようにて接合ツール１を動かせばよい。すなわち、接合ツール１を螺旋状に動かしても、ツール抜去部の穴による接合強度の低下やリークの発生を抑制することができる。   In the friction stir welding method described above, the case where the welding tool 1 is lifted linearly in an oblique direction with respect to the member 4 to be welded so that the depth of the joint portion gradually decreases linearly is shown. If the joining member 4 is a circular joining locus such as a circle or an ellipse, for example, the joining tool 1 may be moved so that the depth of the joining portion gradually decreases along the locus. That is, even if the joining tool 1 is moved in a spiral shape, it is possible to suppress a reduction in joining strength and a leak due to a hole in the tool removal portion.

摩擦攪拌接合は、接合部を複数回接合することで、接合金属の結晶粒が微細化され、接合金属５の機械的性質が向上する。例えば、銅合金などでは顕著に見られ、融接に比べ、明らかな接合品質の向上が確認されている。図４のような一般的な接合ツールを用いた場合、ツール抜去部に穴６が生じてしまう。そのため、ツール抜去部を複数回接合すると、穴６がある部分で欠陥が生じてしまう。   In the friction stir welding, the joint portion is joined a plurality of times, the crystal grains of the joining metal are refined, and the mechanical properties of the joining metal 5 are improved. For example, it is noticeable in a copper alloy or the like, and it is confirmed that the bonding quality is clearly improved as compared with fusion welding. When a general joining tool as shown in FIG. 4 is used, a hole 6 is generated in the tool removal portion. For this reason, when the tool removal portion is joined a plurality of times, a defect occurs in the portion where the hole 6 is present.

本願発明の実施の形態１の摩擦攪拌接合方法では、接合線上にツール抜去部の穴６が残らないため、ツール抜去部でも複数回接合しても欠陥が発生しない。そのため、接合品質向上だけでなく、接合を複数回に分割し、気密が必要な被接合部材でも、摩擦攪拌接合が適用可能になる。１パス目の接合ツール１の抜去部に重なるように２パス目の接合を実施しても欠陥が発生しないため、複数回に分割した接合でも耐リーク性が確保できる。
The friction stir welding method of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, since on the joining line hole 6 of the tool removal portion does not remain, the defect does not occur even by joining a plurality of times also a tool removal unit. Therefore, not only the quality of the joining is improved, but the joining is divided into a plurality of times, and the friction stir welding can be applied even to a member to be joined that requires airtightness. Even if the second pass bonding is performed so as to overlap the extracted portion of the first-pass bonding tool 1, no defect is generated, so that leakage resistance can be ensured even in a plurality of divided bonding.

実施の形態２．
図５は、この発明の実施の形態２における摩擦攪拌接合方法の接合ツールの抜き方を示す模式図である。実施の形態２において、実施の形態１と同一の符号については、実施の形態１と同一の構成であるので説明を省略する。図５に示すように、実施の形態２における摩擦攪拌接合方法は、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂを摩擦熱で軟化させ、攪拌することにより接合する方法である。被接合部材４として、例えば第１の被接合部材４ａはアルミニウムもしくはアルミニウム合金であり、例えば第２の被接合部材４ｂは、銅もしくは銅合金である。また、被接合部材４は、それらを組み合わせたものであってもよい。第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂを突き合わせて重ね合せて設置した場合、組み立ての誤差、特に目違いによって、欠陥やバリが多く発生する可能性がある。目違いに対する裕度は大体板厚の１／１０程度であり、特に第２の被接合部材４ｂより薄板である第１の被接合部材４ａに対して、組立の精度が要求される。Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing how to remove the welding tool in the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the second embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 5, the friction stir welding method according to the second embodiment is a method in which the first member to be joined 4a and the second member to be joined 4b are softened by friction heat and joined by stirring. As the member to be bonded 4, for example, the first member to be bonded 4a is aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and for example, the second member to be bonded 4b is copper or a copper alloy. Moreover, the to-be-joined member 4 may combine them. When the first member to be bonded 4a and the second member to be bonded 4b are installed so as to face each other, there is a possibility that many defects and burrs may be generated due to an assembly error, particularly a mistake. The tolerance for the mistake is about 1/10 of the plate thickness. In particular, the assembly accuracy is required for the first member 4a which is thinner than the second member 4b.

実施の形態２に示す摩擦攪拌接合方法は、実施の形態１に示す摩擦攪拌接合方法と基本的に同様である。ただし、この発明の実施の形態２においては、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂは、重ね合せて設置されている。第２の被接合部材４ｂの上に第１の被接合部材４ａを載置するだけであるため、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂの重ね合せる方向（上下方向）に関する位置ずれを考慮する必要がないことから、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂとの位置合わせが容易になる。
また、この発明の実施の形態２においては、重畳された第１の被接合部材４ａの上から接合ツール１により下方向に加圧しながら接合することができる。このため、接合部に生じる隙間に起因する欠陥の発生を抑制することができるため、接合部への欠陥を抑制することが可能である。The friction stir welding method shown in the second embodiment is basically the same as the friction stir welding method shown in the first embodiment. However, in Embodiment 2 of this invention, the 1st to-be-joined member 4a and the 2nd to-be-joined member 4b are installed in piles. Since only the first bonded member 4a is placed on the second bonded member 4b, the first bonded member 4a and the second bonded member 4b are overlapped in the direction (vertical direction). Since it is not necessary to consider the displacement, the first and second members 4a and 4b can be easily aligned.
Moreover, in Embodiment 2 of this invention, it can join, pressurizing with the joining tool 1 downward from on the superimposed 1st to-be-joined member 4a. For this reason, since generation | occurrence | production of the defect resulting from the clearance gap which arises in a junction part can be suppressed, it is possible to suppress the defect to a junction part.

この発明の摩擦攪拌接合方法で使用する接合ツール１には、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部２が設けられている。つまり、ショルダー部２は、プローブ部３に近接するにしたがってショルダー直径が小さくなる方向にテーパ形状となるテーパ部９を有している。そのため、接合方向と同じ方向に接合ツール１を移動させながら、被接合部材４に対して斜め方向に接合ツール１を持ち上げた場合でも、攪拌された接合金属５を第１の被接合部材４ａの表面で抑えることが可能である。ここで、ショルダー部２のテーパ部９が第１の被接合部材４ａの表面から完全に離れる場合、攪拌された接合金属５が抑えられず、接合表面に溝状の欠陥が生じることがある。この発明の実施の形態２においては、重ね合わせ継手の第１の被接合部材４ａになるため、接合面が第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂの界面にある。この発明の実施の形態２の摩擦攪拌接合方法を重ね合わせ継手の第１の被接合部材４ａに適用する場合、プローブ部３先端のテーパ部１０が接合面になるように位置するようにすることが望ましい。プローブ部３先端のテーパ部１０を接合面に配置して斜めに接合ツール１を持ち上げた場合、ショルダー部２のテーパ部９が第１の被接合部材４ａの表面から完全に離れても、接合面はプローブ部３先端のテーパ部１０で攪拌された接合金属５を抑えることができるため、接合面には欠陥が発生しない。   A welding tool 1 used in the friction stir welding method of the present invention is provided with a shoulder portion 2 having a truncated cone shape. That is, the shoulder portion 2 has a tapered portion 9 that is tapered in a direction in which the shoulder diameter becomes smaller as the probe portion 3 approaches. Therefore, even when the welding tool 1 is lifted in an oblique direction with respect to the member to be joined 4 while moving the welding tool 1 in the same direction as the joining direction, the agitated joining metal 5 is removed from the first member 4a. It can be suppressed on the surface. Here, when the taper part 9 of the shoulder part 2 leaves | separates completely from the surface of the 1st to-be-joined member 4a, the agitated joining metal 5 may not be suppressed and a groove-shaped defect may arise on a joining surface. In Embodiment 2 of this invention, since it becomes the 1st to-be-joined member 4a of a lap joint, a joining surface exists in the interface of the 1st to-be-joined member 4a and the 2nd to-be-joined member 4b. When the friction stir welding method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied to the first joint member 4a of the lap joint, the tapered portion 10 at the tip of the probe portion 3 is positioned so as to be a joining surface. Is desirable. When the taper part 10 at the tip of the probe part 3 is arranged on the joining surface and the joining tool 1 is lifted obliquely, even if the taper part 9 of the shoulder part 2 is completely separated from the surface of the first member 4a, the joining is performed. Since the surface can suppress the bonding metal 5 agitated by the tapered portion 10 at the tip of the probe portion 3, no defect is generated on the bonding surface.

言い換えれば、プローブ部３先端のテーパ部１０を接合面に配置しておくことで、第１の被接合部材４ａの表面に欠陥が発生しても、接合面に欠陥が発生しないため、接合品質は確保可能である。なお、プローブ部３のテーパ角度は、４５°から１５０°の範囲であることが好適であり、角度が鋭角なほど、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂが上下によく攪拌される。しかし、鋭角なほど内部に空隙が発生しやすく、接合条件の適正範囲が狭くなることを考慮する必要がある。
この発明の実施の形態２は、重ね合わせ継手の第１の被接合部材４ａのため、ツール挿入方向と平行方向に対する組立精度が向上する。そのため、第１の被接合部材４ａを設置したときの組み立て誤差によって、バリ８の発生量が多くなることはない。In other words, by arranging the tapered portion 10 at the tip of the probe portion 3 on the joining surface, even if a defect occurs on the surface of the first member 4a, the joining surface does not cause a defect. Can be secured. The taper angle of the probe portion 3 is preferably in the range of 45 ° to 150 °. The sharper the angle, the better the first member 4a and the second member 4b are vertically moved. Stir. However, it is necessary to consider that the sharper the angle, the more easily the voids are generated inside, and the appropriate range of bonding conditions is narrowed.
Since the second embodiment of the present invention is the first joined member 4a of the lap joint, the assembly accuracy with respect to the tool insertion direction and the parallel direction is improved. Therefore, the generation amount of the burr 8 does not increase due to an assembly error when the first member 4a is installed.

実施の形態２における摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１は、プローブ部３の先端にも先が小さくなるようにテーパ部１０が設けられている。これにより、重ね合わせ接合時において、ショルダー部２が第１の被接合部材４ａに接触していなくても、プローブ部３の先端で接合部の攪拌金属である接合金属５を抑えることができるため、接合ツール１を接合方向と同じ方向に移動させながら、被接合部材４に対して斜めに持ち上げて抜去しても欠陥が発生しない。これにより、接合構造体を大型にすることなく、ツール抜去部の穴６による強度低下やリークの発生を抑制することが可能である。また、複雑な装置が不要で、簡単な形状の摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１でツール抜去部の悪影響を抑制できるため、装置のコストアップがなく、様々な形状の被接合部材に適用可能である。   In the welding tool 1 for friction stir welding in the second embodiment, a tapered portion 10 is provided at the tip of the probe portion 3 so that the tip becomes smaller. Thereby, even when the shoulder portion 2 is not in contact with the first member to be joined 4a at the time of overlapping joining, the joining metal 5 that is the stirring metal of the joining portion can be suppressed at the tip of the probe portion 3. Even if the joining tool 1 is moved in the same direction as the joining direction, the defect is not generated even if it is lifted obliquely with respect to the member 4 to be joined. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the strength reduction and the occurrence of leakage due to the hole 6 in the tool removal portion without increasing the size of the bonded structure. In addition, since a complicated apparatus is not required and the adverse effect of the tool removal portion can be suppressed by the simple-shaped friction stir welding tool 1, the cost of the apparatus is not increased, and it can be applied to members to be joined in various shapes. .

実施の形態３．
図６Ａは、この発明の実施の形態３における摩擦攪拌接合方法により製作した接合構造体を示す平面図である。また、図６Ｂは、図６ＡのＡ−Ａ線の断面図である。実施の形態３において、実施の形態１及び実施の形態２と同一の符号については、実施の形態１及び実施の形態２と同一の構成であるので説明を省略する。図６Ａおよび図６Ｂに示すように、実施の形態３では、第１の被接合部材４ａと第２の被接合部材４ｂは、摩擦攪拌接合により接合金属５で接合されている。実施の形態３における接合構造体においては、実施の形態２で示した摩擦攪拌接合方法により、第２の被接合部材４ｂとその上に配置された第１の被接合部材４ａが、接合金属５により接続されている。また、実施の形態３では、ツール抜去部の穴は形成されていない。Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 6A is a plan view showing a joint structure manufactured by the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 6A. In the third embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in the first and second embodiments are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, in the third embodiment, the first member 4a and the second member 4b are joined by the joining metal 5 by friction stir welding. In the bonded structure according to the third embodiment, the second bonded member 4b and the first bonded member 4a disposed thereon are bonded to the bonded metal 5 by the friction stir welding method described in the second embodiment. Connected by. Moreover, in Embodiment 3, the hole of a tool extraction part is not formed.

一方、図７Ａは、比較例における摩擦攪拌接合方法により製作した接合構造体を示す平面図である。また、図７Ｂは、図７ＡのＢ−Ｂ線の断面図である。図７Ａおよび図７Ｂに示すように、比較例における一般的な摩擦攪拌接合方法を使用した摩擦攪拌接合構造体では、接合部からずらした位置に接合ツール１の抜去部である穴６を設けてある。この方法で摩擦攪拌接合した接合構造体は、ツール抜去部を設置する必要があるため、接合部より一回り大型の接合構造体になる。例えば、図７Ａおよび図７Ｂに示すようにツール抜去部を設置するために第２の被接合部材４ｂを大きくする必要がある。接合部の内側、つまり第１の被接合部材４ａの上にツール抜去部を設ける方法が考えられるが、冷却や密閉容器などでは内圧が第１の被接合部材４ａに加わるため、第１の被接合部材４ａの上に穴６が残ることは望ましくない。また、接合線上に接合ツール１を抜去した穴６を残した場合、その部位で接合強度が低下したり、冷却器のような密閉容器である筐体に適用した際に、例えば冷却水等のリークが発生したりするなどの課題が発生する。そのため、一般的な摩擦攪拌接合では接合ツール１の抜去部を接合線上から外すことが必須である。   On the other hand, FIG. 7A is a top view which shows the joining structure manufactured by the friction stir welding method in a comparative example. Moreover, FIG. 7B is sectional drawing of the BB line of FIG. 7A. As shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B, in the friction stir welding structure using the general friction stir welding method in the comparative example, a hole 6 that is a removal portion of the welding tool 1 is provided at a position shifted from the bonding portion. is there. Since it is necessary to install a tool removal part, the joining structure body friction-stir-joined by this method becomes a joining structure one size larger than a joining part. For example, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, it is necessary to enlarge the second member to be joined 4b in order to install the tool removal portion. A method of providing a tool removal portion inside the joint, that is, on the first member to be joined 4a is conceivable. However, since the internal pressure is applied to the first member to be joined 4a in a cooling or airtight container, the first member to be joined is considered. It is not desirable that the hole 6 remains on the joining member 4a. Moreover, when the hole 6 from which the joining tool 1 is removed is left on the joining line, when the joining strength is reduced at the site or when the joining tool 1 is applied to a casing that is a closed container such as a cooler, for example, cooling water or the like Problems such as leaks occur. Therefore, in general friction stir welding, it is essential to remove the removal portion of the welding tool 1 from the joining line.

この発明の実施の形態３の摩擦攪拌接合方法を使用した接合構造体は、接合線上で接合ツール１を抜去できるため、接合構造体を小型化することが可能である。ただし、冷却器のような密閉容器である筐体に実施の形態３の摩擦攪拌接合方法を適用する場合、接合ツール１を抜去した穴６はないが、被接合部材４に対して斜めに接合ツール１を持ち上げた部分でリークが発生する可能性がある。そのため、図６Ａに示すように、接合ツール１を抜去する部分は、一度接合した部分をオーバーラップさせることが望ましい。つまり、摩擦攪拌接合における接合ツール１を抜去する終端は、摩擦攪拌接合の始端とオーバーラップされている。摩擦攪拌接合では、一度接合した部分を複数回接合しても欠陥は発生しない。   Since the joining tool 1 using the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention can remove the joining tool 1 on the joining line, the joining structure can be reduced in size. However, when the friction stir welding method according to the third embodiment is applied to a casing that is a closed container such as a cooler, there is no hole 6 from which the welding tool 1 is removed, but the member is obliquely bonded to the member 4 to be bonded. There is a possibility that a leak may occur at the portion where the tool 1 is lifted. Therefore, as shown to FIG. 6A, it is desirable to overlap the part which extracts the joining tool 1 once the part joined. In other words, the terminal end for removing the welding tool 1 in the friction stir welding overlaps the starting end of the friction stir welding. In the friction stir welding, no defect occurs even if the jointed portion is joined a plurality of times.

実施の形態４．
図８は、この発明の実施の形態４における接合構造体を示す断面模式図である。実施の形態４において、実施の形態１及び実施の形態２と同一の符号については、実施の形態１及び実施の形態２と同一の構成であるので説明を省略する。図８に示すように、実施の形態４では、半導体デバイス７を第１の被接合部材４ａに実装した後に、摩擦攪拌接合する場合、ショルダー部２と第１の被接合部材４ａの接触面から発生するバリ８による半導体デバイス７の損傷が懸念される。この発明の実施の形態４における摩擦攪拌接合の接合ツール１を使用した場合、ショルダー部２がテーパ形状であるテーパ部９を有しているため、バリ８の発生を抑制可能である。そのため、接合部からの半導体デバイス７の設置位置を接合幅の約１／２程度離しておけば、バリ８による半導体デバイス７の損傷は抑えられる。
また、半導体デバイス７を実装した冷却器の場合、封止接合部の内側には半導体デバイス７があるため、接合ツール１の抜去を接合部の内側にすることができない。また、半導体デバイス７と干渉しないように、第１の被接合部材４ａの内側にツール抜去部を設けられたとしても、冷却器の場合は第１の被接合部材４ａの内部に水などの冷媒を流す必要があるため、冷媒がリークする危険がある。そのため、半導体デバイス７を実装した冷却器を一般的な摩擦攪拌接合で製作する場合、冷却器である筐体が大きくなってしまう。Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a bonded structure according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the fourth embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in the first and second embodiments are the same as those in the first and second embodiments, and the description thereof will be omitted. As shown in FIG. 8, in the fourth embodiment, when the semiconductor device 7 is mounted on the first member 4a and then friction stir welding is performed, from the contact surface between the shoulder portion 2 and the first member 4a. There is a concern that the semiconductor device 7 may be damaged by the generated burrs 8. When the friction stir welding tool 1 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is used, since the shoulder portion 2 has the tapered portion 9 having a tapered shape, the occurrence of burrs 8 can be suppressed. Therefore, if the installation position of the semiconductor device 7 from the junction is separated by about ½ of the junction width, damage to the semiconductor device 7 due to the burr 8 can be suppressed.
Moreover, in the case of the cooler which mounted the semiconductor device 7, since the semiconductor device 7 exists inside the sealing joining part, extraction of the joining tool 1 cannot be made inside the joining part. Further, even if a tool removal portion is provided inside the first bonded member 4a so as not to interfere with the semiconductor device 7, in the case of a cooler, a coolant such as water is provided inside the first bonded member 4a. There is a risk that the refrigerant will leak. Therefore, when the cooler on which the semiconductor device 7 is mounted is manufactured by general friction stir welding, the casing that is the cooler becomes large.

この発明の実施の形態４の摩擦攪拌接合方法は、接合線上で接合ツール１を抜去できるため、半導体デバイス７が実装されていても、冷却器の筐体の構造変更は不要である。また、ツール抜去部の穴６が封止接合上に残らないため、リークの危険もない。このように、この発明の実施の形態４の摩擦攪拌接合方法は、接合部のスペースが少ない接合構造体に対して特に好適である。なお、実施の形態４では、半導体デバイス７が搭載された冷却器への接合方法について示したが、その他の適用例として、パワーモジュール、冷蔵庫、エアコン等の冷却器にも適用可能である。
なお、この発明は、その発明の範囲内において、各実施の形態を自由に組み合わせたり、各実施の形態を適宜、変形、省略することが可能である。In the friction stir welding method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the joining tool 1 can be removed on the joining line, so that even if the semiconductor device 7 is mounted, it is not necessary to change the structure of the cooler casing. Moreover, since the hole 6 of the tool removal portion does not remain on the sealing joint, there is no risk of leakage. As described above, the friction stir welding method according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is particularly suitable for a bonded structure having a small space in the bonding portion. In the fourth embodiment, the method for bonding to the cooler on which the semiconductor device 7 is mounted has been described. However, as other application examples, the present invention can be applied to coolers such as a power module, a refrigerator, and an air conditioner.
It should be noted that within the scope of the present invention, the embodiments can be freely combined, or the embodiments can be appropriately modified or omitted.

１ 接合ツール、２ ショルダー部、３ プローブ部、４ 被接合部材、４ａ 第１の被接合部材、４ｂ 第２の被接合部材、５ 接合金属、６ 穴、７ 半導体デバイス、８ バリ、９ テーパ部、１０ テーパ部   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Joining tool, 2 shoulder part, 3 probe part, 4 to-be-joined member, 4a 1st to-be-joined member, 4b 2nd to-be-joined member, 5 joining metal, 6 holes, 7 semiconductor device, 8 burr | flash, 9 taper part 10 Taper part

Claims (8)

金属からなる被接合部材を準備する工程と、
前記被接合部材に向かって直径が小さくなるようにテーパ部が先端に設けられ、前記テーパ部のテーパ角度が７５°から１５０°であり、円錐台形状を有するショルダー部と、前記ショルダー部の先端である上底に設けられた円錐形状を有するプローブ部とから構成された接合ツールを準備する工程と、
前記被接合部材の摩擦攪拌接合をおこなう始端に前記接合ツールを回転させながら挿入する工程と、
前記接合ツールを回転させながら前記被接合部材の接合部を攪拌する工程と、
前記接合ツールを接合線に沿って接合方向に移動させながら、前記接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように前記接合ツールを前記被接合部材に対して斜め方向に持ち上げることで、前記摩擦攪拌接合の終端から前記接合ツールを抜去する工程と、を有し、
前記終端には、前記接合ツールが抜去された穴が残らないことを特徴とする摩擦攪拌接合方法。 Preparing a member to be joined made of metal;
A tapered portion is provided at the tip so that the diameter decreases toward the member to be joined, the taper angle of the tapered portion is 75 ° to 150 °, a truncated cone shape, and a tip of the shoulder portion Preparing a joining tool composed of a probe portion having a conical shape provided on the upper base,
Inserting the joining tool while rotating the joining tool at the starting end for friction stir welding of the joined members;
Stirring the joined portion of the members to be joined while rotating the joining tool;
While moving the joining tool along the joining line in the joining direction, the friction stirring is performed by lifting the joining tool in an oblique direction with respect to the joined members so that the depth of the joining portion gradually decreases. Removing the joining tool from the end of joining ,
The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein a hole from which the welding tool is removed does not remain at the end . 前記被接合部材は、第１の被接合部材と第２の被接合部材が重ね合せて配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   2. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1, wherein the member to be joined is arranged such that the first member to be joined and the second member to be joined are overlapped. 円形もしくは楕円形の接合軌跡を有し、前記接合部の深さが徐々に浅くなるように螺旋状に前記接合ツールを持ち上げることで、前記摩擦攪拌接合の前記終端から前記接合ツールを抜去することを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The welding tool is removed from the end of the friction stir welding by lifting the welding tool in a spiral shape so as to have a circular or elliptical joint locus and the depth of the joint gradually decreases. The friction stir welding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: 前記被接合部材は、アルミニウムもしくはアルミニウム合金と、銅もしくは銅合金であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the member to be joined is aluminum or an aluminum alloy and copper or a copper alloy. 前記被接合部材は、アルミニウムもしくはアルミニウム合金と、銅もしくは銅合金を組み合わせたものであることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the member to be joined is a combination of aluminum or an aluminum alloy and copper or a copper alloy. 前記被接合部材は、内部に冷媒を有する冷却器の筐体であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項５のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the member to be joined is a casing of a cooler having a refrigerant therein. 前記被接合部材は、半導体デバイスが実装された半導体デバイス用冷却器の筐体であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項６のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The friction stir welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the member to be joined is a housing of a cooler for a semiconductor device on which a semiconductor device is mounted. 前記摩擦攪拌接合における前記接合ツールを抜去する前記終端は、前記摩擦攪拌接合の前記始端とオーバーラップされていることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項７のいずれか１項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合方法。   The friction stirrer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the end of removing the welding tool in the friction stir welding is overlapped with the start end of the friction stir welding. Joining method.
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