JP6335579B2 - Differential pressure design type heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat exchanger of a differential pressure design type.

For example, there is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as a self-heating type heat exchanger, and an initially introduced fluid (F ₀ ) is first introduced from the outside into the body (shell) and then passes through the heat transfer tube (tube). Heat is exchanged with (F ₂ ) and discharged as a fuselage discharge fluid (F ₁ ). The fuselage fluid (F ₁ ) discharged to the outside becomes a high-temperature exothermic fluid (F ₂ ) introduced into the heat transfer tube, for example, by causing an exothermic reaction in a reaction device or the like. There is a self-heat exchanging method in which heat is exchanged between the initially introduced fluid (F ₀ ) introduced from the outside into the fuselage by introducing the exothermic fluid (F ₂ ) whose temperature has increased into the heat transfer tube.
Here, a pressure decrease (Δp) generated by passing through the reactor is designed as a predetermined pressure (for example, 2.0 MPa), and constitutes a high-pressure differential pressure design type heat exchanger.

  Here, in the case of the pressure below the differential pressure design, there is no damage to the heat transfer tubes arranged on the fuselage, but when the pressure exceeds the predetermined design differential pressure, a fracture occurs at the connection portion of the heat transfer tubes. There is a problem.

  Therefore, conventionally, when there is a differential pressure abnormality, it has been dealt with by controlling the flow of fluid in a fluid line outside the heat exchanger (Patent Document 1).

JP-A-8-61870

  However, in the proposal of the prior art, since it is installed outside, there is a problem that the installation line for that purpose is required for installation of the means for controlling the fluid flow.

  In addition, the proposal of the prior art can cope with the response when the pressure exceeds the design pressure outside the heat exchanger, but it can respond when the abnormal pressure difference occurs inside the heat exchanger body. There is a problem that it is not possible.

  Therefore, the appearance of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger capable of avoiding damage when a differential pressure abnormality occurs inside the heat exchanger body is eagerly desired.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a differential pressure design type heat exchanger that can cope with the occurrence of a differential pressure abnormality inside the heat exchanger body.

A first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger of differential pressure design type in which a plurality of heat transfer tubes are housed in a body, When the pressure difference (P ₂ -P ₁ ) or (P ₁ -P ₂ ) between the pressure (P ₁ ) and the pressure in the heat transfer tube (P ₂ ) is equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure of the differential pressure design, There is provided a differential pressure design type heat exchanger characterized in that a pressure release member for releasing the pressure is provided.

The second invention according to the first invention, the pressure release member, together with a breaking plate, the breaking plate, the heat transfer through the heat pipe and communicating, to discharge the fluid inside the tube to the outside from the body of the discharge portion The differential pressure design type heat exchanger is provided in either the mirror part of the floating head or the floating pipe sliding with the discharge part .

  A third invention is the differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to the second invention, wherein the fracture plate is a fracture plate that fractures in one direction or a fracture plate that fractures in both directions.

  According to a fourth invention, in the first invention, the pressure release member uses a part of the plurality of heat transfer tubes as a heat transfer tube of the pressure release tube, and a pressure resistance of the pressure release tube is set to a predetermined design pressure or less. It is a differential pressure design type heat exchanger characterized by

  According to the present invention, in the heat exchanger of the differential pressure design type, when a pressure higher than a predetermined differential pressure is generated, the pressure release member is provided. Damage to the vessel can be prevented.

1 is a schematic diagram of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main part of the differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a second embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a third embodiment. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 6 is a main part schematic diagram showing an example of damage of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

1 is a schematic diagram of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main part of the differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, a differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10 </ b> A according to this embodiment includes a plurality of heat transfer tubes (tubes) 12 in a body (shell) 11, and a differential pressure design type shell. a and-tube heat exchanger, the pressure difference between the pressure (P ₂₎ between the heat transfer tube 12 the pressure in the body _{11 (P 1) (P 2} -P 1) or (P ₁ -P ₂₎ is A pressure release member is provided for releasing the pressure when the pressure becomes a predetermined pressure (for example, 2.0 MPa) or more (for example, 2.5 MPa) of the differential pressure design.

As shown in FIG. 1, the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10A of this embodiment has a shell and tube type heat exchanger, and an initially introduced fluid having a temperature (T ₀ ) is first introduced into the body (shell) 11 from the outside. F ₀ is introduced, heat exchanged with the heat generation fluid F _{2 at} the temperature (T ₂ ) passing through the heat transfer tube (tube) 12, and discharged as the body discharge fluid F _{1 at} the temperature (T ₁ ). The fuselage discharge fluid F ₁ discharged to the outside becomes, for example, an exothermic fluid F ₂ having a high temperature (T ₂ ) introduced into the heat transfer tube 12 by causing an exothermic reaction in the reaction device 20. By introducing the heat-generating fluid F ₂ whose temperature has been increased into the heat transfer tube 12, self heat exchange is performed to exchange heat with the initial introduced fluid F ₀ at the temperature (T ₀ ) introduced from the outside into the fuselage. Yes. Here, the pressure decrease (Δp) generated by the reaction in the reaction apparatus 20 is designed as a predetermined pressure (for example, 2.0 MPa), and constitutes a high-pressure differential pressure design type heat exchanger.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10A includes a fixed tube plate 13A and a floating tube plate 13B disposed in the body 11, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 12 between them. (For example, 2000) are provided. The body 11 is formed with an introduction portion 11a for introducing the initial introduction fluid F ₀ and a discharge portion 11b for discharging the body discharge fluid F ₁ .
The introduction head 15 for introducing the heat generation fluid F ₂ on the fixed tube plate 13A side is provided with an introduction portion 15a.

In addition, a floating head 17 is provided in the discharge head 16 that discharges the heat transfer tube discharge fluid F ₃ that has been subjected to heat exchange from the heat generation fluid F ₂ of the floating tube plate 13B and has become low temperature (T ₃ ).
The floating head 17 is composed of a mirror portion 17a joined to the floating tube plate 13B on the base side, and a floating tube 17b that slides on the discharge portion 16a of the discharge head 16, and is freely movable according to the internal pressure situation. .

In this embodiment, the pressure release member has a pressure difference (P ₂ -P ₁ ) or (P ₁ -P ₂ ) between the pressure (P ₁ ) in the fuselage and the pressure (P ₂ ) in the heat transfer tube, A breaker plate 21 is provided on the mirror portion 17a of the floating head 17 to release the pressure when the pressure becomes a predetermined pressure (for example, 2.0 MPa) or more, for example, 2.5 MPa, which is equal to or higher than a predetermined pressure (for example, 2.0 MPa).
And when the pressure more than predetermined pressure generate | occur | produces, the failure | damage of a heat exchanger is prevented because the fracture | rupture board 21 fractures | ruptures.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main part showing an example of the damage of the heat exchanger of the differential pressure design type. The left side in the figure is a normal case before the problem occurs, and the right side in the figure is the differential pressure abnormality after the problem occurs. Occurs when damage occurs.
As shown in FIG. 6, when the fracture plate 21 is not provided inside, when the pressure (P ₂ −P ₁ )> design pressure is applied inside the heat exchanger, the floating tube plate 13B and the mirror portion Damage to the fracture portion X occurred at the joint with 17a.

  In contrast, as in the present embodiment, by providing the break plate 21 in the mirror portion 17a inside the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10A, the break plate operates when the pressure exceeds a predetermined design pressure. Therefore, the occurrence of internal damage can be avoided.

Further, conventionally, since the floating tube plate 13B and the mirror portion 17a cannot be disassembled after being joined once by welding, even if foreign matter or the like exists in the discharge head 16 and a problem occurs in the floating, Although the opening inspection could not be performed, when a floating defect occurs, the internal reinspection can be performed by opening the broken plate 21 portion.

  Further, the breaking plate 21 may be a breaking plate that breaks in one direction or a breaking plate that breaks in both directions.

  Next, a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a second embodiment. In addition, about the member similar to Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

As shown in FIG. 3, in the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10B of the present embodiment, fracture plates 21A and 21B that fracture in one direction are provided at two locations of the mirror portion 17a, and pressure from the body 11 side ( P ₁₎ is a case high, two kinds of fracture plate to break in response to two directions of the pressure and when the pressure of the heat transfer pipe side (P ₂₎ is high.

That is, in the heat exchanger, the pressure can be released from the fracture plate 21A before (P ₁ −P ₂ )> design pressure. Further, the pressure can be released from the fracture plate 21B before (P ₂ −P ₁ )> design pressure.

Accordingly, it is possible to cope with a case where any pressure becomes equal to or higher than the design pressure.
In particular, at the time of installation or inspection of a heat exchanger, damage can be avoided when a pressure is applied to a heat exchanger of a differential pressure design type that normally does not apply a single pressure and the pressure exceeds a predetermined pressure. .

  Next, a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a third embodiment. In addition, about the member similar to Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10A of the first embodiment, the break plate 21 is installed as the mirror portion 17a. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10C shown in FIG. Then, the fracture | rupture board 21 is installed in the floating pipe 17b.
In addition, since the floating pipe 17b slides inside the discharge part 16a, it is necessary to provide in the position which does not have the sliding obstruction.

  Further, the breaking plate 21 may be a breaking plate that breaks in one direction or a breaking plate that breaks in both directions. Moreover, you may make it provide the fracture | rupture board 21A, 21B of 2 directions like Example 2. FIG.

Next, a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a main part of a differential pressure design type heat exchanger according to a fourth embodiment. In addition, about the member similar to Example 1, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
As shown in FIG. 5, the differential pressure design type heat exchanger 10 </ b> D of the fourth embodiment uses a pressure release pipe 22 as a pressure release member. When the heat transfer tube 12 for normal heat exchange is set to a predetermined design pressure (2.1 MPa), the pressure release tube 22 is set to a design pressure that breaks below the predetermined pressure (2.0 MPa). .

  When there are 2000 heat transfer tubes 12 for normal heat exchange, for example, a part (for example, 4 to 5) of them is used as a heat transfer tube of the pressure release tube 22 and the pressure resistance of the pressure release tube 22 is set to a predetermined design pressure. By making it breakable as described below, it is possible to cope with an abnormal pressure difference inside the heat exchanger. The broken pressure release pipe 22 can be heat exchanged again by keeping the end of the broken pressure release pipe 22 outside the tube plates 13A and 13B.

10A to 10D differential pressure design type heat exchanger 11 body 12 heat transfer tube 13A fixed tube plate 13B idle tube plate 15 introduction head 15a introduction portion 16 discharge head 16a discharge portion 17 idle head 17a mirror portion 17b idle tube 20 reaction device 21, 21A, 21B Breaking plate 22 Pressure release pipe

Claims (4)

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a differential pressure design type that houses multiple heat transfer tubes in the fuselage,
The pressure difference (P ₂ -P ₁ ) or (P ₁ -P ₂ ) between the pressure in the fuselage (P ₁ ) and the pressure in the heat transfer tube (P ₂ ) is equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure of the differential pressure design. A differential pressure design type heat exchanger, characterized in that a pressure release member for releasing the pressure is provided. In claim 1,
The pressure release member is a fracture plate;
The rupture plate, the heat transfer through the heat pipe and the communication, in that a line fluid to the outside on one of the floating tube which slides a mirror unit or the discharge unit of the floating head for discharging from the body of the discharge portion Characteristic differential pressure design type heat exchanger. In claim 2,
A differential pressure design type heat exchanger, wherein the fracture plate is a fracture plate that fractures in one direction or a fracture plate that fractures in both directions. In claim 1,
The pressure release member is a differential pressure design type heat exchanger characterized in that a part of the plurality of heat transfer tubes serves as a heat transfer tube of the pressure release tube, and the pressure release pressure of the pressure release tube is equal to or lower than a predetermined design pressure. .

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