JP6325820B2 - Shield tunneling segment assembly simultaneous construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method in which the excavation direction of a shield excavator is controlled.

  Generally, in a shield excavator, while excavating a natural ground in front by a cutter provided at the front part of the excavator body, the excavated soil is taken in and conveyed backward, and a segment is formed at the rear part of the excavator body. It is possible to build a tunnel by sequentially assembling. At this time, the excavation of the shield excavator is performed by obtaining a propulsion reaction force from the existing segment by expansion and contraction of the propulsion jack, and the assembly of the segment is performed by driving the erector apparatus.

  Further, in the shield excavator, the shield excavation and the assembly of the segments are alternately repeated, so that the efficiency is low and the tunnel construction period is very long.

  Therefore, in recent years, for the purpose of shortening the tunnel construction period, a shield excavator capable of simultaneously performing shield excavation and segment assembly in parallel has been provided. Such a shield excavator is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-109158

  In the above conventional shield excavator, not only the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position but also the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position in order to eliminate the thrust balance imbalance due to the shortening of the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position. Also in the propulsion jack arranged at, the pressure is turned OFF to shorten it.

  When the conventional shield excavator is bent, not only the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position and the propulsion jack arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position, Even in the propulsion jack arranged at, it is necessary to shorten the pressure by turning off the pressure.

  However, as described above, if the propulsion jacks arranged on the inner side in the bending direction are shortened, the number of propulsion jacks extending for excavation out of the total number of propulsion jacks is drastically reduced. Thereby, there exists a possibility that the thrust required in order to advance a shield excavator may be insufficient. That is, if it is attempted to control the digging direction of the shield excavator only by ON / OFF operation of the pressure in the propulsion jack, the shield excavator may not be able to dig in the intended direction.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problem, and can sufficiently secure a thrust necessary for bending the shield excavator and can control the excavation direction of the shield excavator with high accuracy. The purpose is to provide a method for simultaneous assembly of excavation segments.

The shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
When assembling the segment at the rear of the propulsion jack, the shield excavator is excavated by extension by the maximum pressure in a number of propulsion jacks provided along the circumferential direction.
By setting the pressure of the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position and the pressure of the propulsion jack arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position around the excavator center of the shield excavator to zero, respectively In the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method in which the extension of the propulsion jack is prohibited and the excavation direction of the shield excavator is controlled.
Of all the propulsion jacks other than the propulsion jacks arranged at point symmetry positions of the segment assembly position with the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position and the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center, on the upper side in the vertical direction A propulsion jack arranged and a propulsion jack arranged inside the bending direction are each extended to an existing segment at a low pressure, and the shield excavator is bent.

The shield tunneling segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the second invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
The propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position or the propulsion jack disposed at a point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position with the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center is disposed in the bending direction. When it becomes a jack,
The propulsion jacks corresponding to the segment assembly positions, or the propulsion jacks adjacent to the left and right sides of the propulsion jacks disposed at point symmetry positions of the segment assembly positions around the excavator center of the shield excavator , respectively. It is characterized by extending at low pressure.

The shield tunneling segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the third invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is as follows.
The propulsion jack arranged at a point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position with the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center is extended to the existing segment and brought into contact with the segment without applying its thrust. It is characterized by that.

  Therefore, according to the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the present invention, the propulsion jack disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction and the propulsion jack disposed on the inner side in the bending direction are extended at low pressure, and the shield excavator Since the thrust necessary for turning the shield excavator can be sufficiently ensured by bending the shield excavator, the direction of the shield excavator can be controlled with high accuracy.

It is a schematic block diagram of the shield excavator to which the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method based on one Example of this invention is applied. It is II-II arrow sectional drawing of FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a layout drawing of a shield jack. It is the figure which showed the concept of general force point operation with respect to a shield excavator. (A) is the figure which showed the pressure state of the shield jack at the time of a straight drive, (b) is the figure which showed the pressure distribution of the shield jack corresponding to the figure (a). (A) is the figure which showed an example of the pressure state of the shield jack at the time of bending, (b) is the figure which showed the pressure distribution of the shield jack corresponding to the figure (a). (A) is the figure which showed the other example of the pressure state of the shield jack at the time of bending, (b) is the figure which showed the pressure distribution of the shield jack corresponding to the figure (a). It is the figure which showed the further another example of the pressure state of the shield jack at the time of bending.

  Hereinafter, the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the shield excavator 1 has a cylindrical excavator body 11, and a bulkhead 12 serving as a partition wall is provided in the front end portion of the excavator body 11. Further, a disc-shaped cutter head 13 is rotatably supported at the front portion of the excavator body 11, and the cutter head 13 can be rotated by driving a cutter driving motor 14. As a result, a chamber 15 is defined between the bulk head 12 and the cutter head 13 so that excavated sediment generated by excavation of the cutter head 13 is taken into the chamber 15. It has become.

  And in the excavator main body 11, the screw conveyor 16 is provided so that it may incline upwards as it goes to a rear-end part from the front-end part, and the front-end part of the screw conveyor 16 attaches the bulkhead 12 to it. It penetrates and is arranged in the chamber 15. As a result, the excavated sediment accumulated in the chamber 15 is conveyed to the outside of the excavator body 11 by the rotational drive of the screw conveyor 16.

  On the other hand, an erector device 17 is movably supported in the rear end portion of the excavator body 11. This erector apparatus 17 assembles the segment S as a lining member, and the segment S is an annular piece that follows the inner peripheral surface shape of the excavated tunnel. Therefore, the plurality of segments S can be assembled in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel by driving the erector device 17.

  Furthermore, a plurality of tail seals 18 are provided along the circumferential direction at the rear end of the excavator body 11. These tail seals 18 are in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the existing segment S so as to prevent intrusion of mud or mud water into the excavator body 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a large number of hydraulic shield jacks (propulsion jacks) 19 are supported on the inner peripheral surface of the excavator body 11 at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction. These shield jacks 19 provide a driving force (a driving reaction force) to the excavator main body 11 by extending toward the rear of the tunnel from a state in contact with the existing segment S. That is, the excavator body 11 can be advanced by the propulsion reaction force generated when the shield jack 19 presses the segment S.

  Therefore, when a tunnel is constructed by the shield excavator 1, the cutter driving motor 14 is driven, and the shield jack 19 is extended while the cutter head 13 is rotated. The excavator body 11 is moved forward with the force. Thereby, the face is excavated in the ground in front of the shield excavator 1.

  Further, the excavated earth and sand generated by the ground excavation fills the chamber 15 through the earth and sand intake of the cutter head 13, and the inside of the chamber 15 is maintained at a predetermined pressure. Subsequently, the excavated sediment filled in the chamber 15 is discharged toward the rear of the tunnel by the rotational drive of the screw conveyor 16. That is, in the shield excavator 1, the excavated soil is filled in the chamber 15 and discharged while maintaining the predetermined pressure in the chamber 15, thereby excavating the tunnel while stabilizing the face. It is like that.

  At the same time, the plurality of segments S are assembled in a ring shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel by driving the erector device 17. In addition, when the segment S is assembled in this way, the shield jack 19 presses the existing segment S.

  That is, in the shield excavator 1, while the excavation reaction force is excavated from the existing segment S by the shield jack 19, the new segment S is assembled at the same time. Accordingly, in order to enable the shield excavation and the assembly of the segment S to be performed simultaneously in parallel as described above, in the shield jack 19, the front end portion of the tail seal 18 and the most retracted position of the shield jack 19 are provided. The installation position and the stroke are set so that the length between is set to be twice or more the width of the segment S.

Therefore, when the shield jack 19 is shortened the most (prohibition of the extension of the shield jack 19), the space formed between the shield jack 19 and the existing segment S becomes a new segment assembly position. When the new segment S is assembled in the space by the erector device 17, the shortened (extension prohibited state) shield jack 19 presses the assembled new segment S.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 3, in the shield excavator 1 described above, the excavation direction is controlled so that the excavator center O passes through a planned route K that is a tunnel center line planned in advance. . That is, when the shield excavator 1 moves straight or bends so that the excavator center O passes through the planned route K, the applied force that becomes the resultant force point (action point) of the total thrust due to the extension of the shield jack 19 The position of the point P is adjusted.

  At this time, the shield excavator 1 is bent by making the pressure of the shield jack 19 selected for controlling the excavation direction lower than the pressure of the shield jack 19 for obtaining the propulsion reaction force from the segment S. Even in such a case, the total thrust should be sufficiently secured. The number of shield jacks 19 selected for controlling the excavation direction and the magnitude of the pressure are set based on the excavation speed of the shield excavator 1, the curvature of the planned route K, and the like.

  Hereinafter, the digging direction control of the shield excavator 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7.

  4 to 7, the numbers from SJ1 to SJ70 are sequentially assigned to all the shield jacks 19, and the pressure (thrust force) of the shield jack 19 indicated by “●” is extended for propulsion. ) Maximum ON operation jack, shield jack 19 marked “O” is shortened for segment assembly OFF operation jack with zero pressure (thrust), shield jack 19 marked “◎” is expanded and contracted for excavation direction control It is a low pressure (low thrust) ON operation jack.

  In the simultaneous construction of shield excavation and segment assembly by the shield excavator 1, as described above, the cutter head 13 rotates to excavate the ground in front, and at the same time, the segment S is formed into a ring shape by driving the erector device 17. It is assembled.

  At this time, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the extension of the SJ39 to SJ46th shield jacks 19 corresponding to the segment assembly positions is prohibited. Further, the extension of the SJ4 to SJ11th shield jacks 19 that are 180 degrees opposite to the segment assembly position, that is, the point assembly position of the segment assembly position with respect to the excavator center O is also prohibited. Further, the SJ12 to SJ38, SJ47 to SJ68th shield jacks 19 other than the shield jacks 19 in the extension prohibited state are extended, and the propulsion reaction force is obtained from the existing segment S.

  Here, in general, a shield excavator has a structure in which the tip side (cutter head side) becomes heavy, so when excavating a tunnel, the tip side sinks slightly downward due to gravity. It will end up.

  Therefore, in the shield excavator 1, in order to solve the above problem, the pressure of the shield jack 19 disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction, which is the opposite direction to the sinking direction, is set to a low pressure. For example, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the pressure of the SJ1, SJ2, SJ69, and SJ70th shield jacks 19 arranged on the upper side in the vertical direction is changed to the SJ12 to SJ38, SJ47 to SJ68th shield jacks. It controls so that it may become a low pressure rather than the maximum pressure of 19.

  Thereby, although the position P of the shield excavator 1 is slightly adjusted vertically below the excavator center O, the thrust balance is good. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 1 goes straight so that the excavator center O passes through the straight portion of the planned route K.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the shield excavator 1 continues excavation while going straight ahead, the planned route K starts to change from a straight line to a curved line. At this time, since the planned route K is gradually bent toward the left side in the tunnel width direction, the shield excavator 1 must also bend toward the left side in the tunnel width direction, and the shield disposed on the inner side in the bending direction. The pressure of the jack 19 is lowered. For example, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the pressure of the SJ50 to SJ56th shield jacks 19 arranged on the inner side in the bending direction is controlled to be low.

As a result, the position P of the shield excavator 1 is adjusted to be lower than the excavator center O and to the right of the excavator center O. As described above, the pressure of the shield jacks 19 arranged on the inner side in the bending direction is controlled to be low, so that the direction of the shield excavator 1 is controlled, so that the pressure of the shield jacks 19 is reduced to zero. The thrust of the shield excavator 1 is sufficiently ensured as compared with the (OFF operation). Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 1 turns so that the excavator center O passes through the curved portion of the planned route K.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3, when the planned route K is further bent toward the left side in the tunnel width direction, the shield excavator 1 must be further bent toward the left side in the tunnel width direction. On the inner side in the direction, the number of shield jacks 19 controlled to a low pressure is increased. For example, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the pressure of the SJ48 to SJ58th shield jacks 19 arranged on the inner side in the bending direction is controlled to be low.

Thereby, the position P of the shield excavator 1 is further adjusted to the right side of the excavator center O. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the shield excavator 1 turns so that the excavator center O passes through the curved portion of the planned route K.

  When the shield excavator 1 is bent, the shield jack 19 corresponding to the segment assembly position or the shield jack 19 arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position is arranged at the inner side in the bending direction. In the case of the jack 19, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, on the left and right sides of the SJ49 to SJ56th shield jacks 19 corresponding to the segment assembly position or arranged at point symmetry positions of the segment assembly position. The adjacent shield jack 19 is controlled to a low pressure.

  Further, each time the assembly of one segment S is completed, the segment assembly position sequentially shifts in the tunnel circumferential direction (excavator circumferential direction). Therefore, the shield jack disposed at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position 19 will also change.

  Therefore, in the shield jack 19 arranged at the point assembly position of the segment assembly position, the pressure (value) is zero (extremely low pressure), but it extends to the existing segment S facing the shield jack 19, In contact with this. That is, the shield jack 19 arranged at the point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position is in a state in which the pressure is zero (extremely low pressure) and is in contact with the existing segment S that is opposed without applying thrust. Yes.

  As a result, when the segment assembly position shifts to the next segment assembly position and the shield jack 19 that has been arranged at the point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position is no longer the point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position, the shield jack The maximum pressure (ON operation) is applied to 19 and the arm 19 is extended, and the maximum thrust can be immediately applied to the existing segment S facing the shield jack 19.

  That is, the time from when the shield jack 19 is extended from the most retracted position until the reaction force is obtained from the existing segment S is extended from the position where the shield jack 19 is in contact with the existing segment S. The time is much longer than the time from S to obtaining the propulsion reaction force. Therefore, when the shield jack 19 is extended from the most retracted position, useless time until a propulsion reaction force is obtained occurs.

  Therefore, by holding the shield jack 19 arranged at the point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position in the above-described state, the thrust is not extended to the position where the shield jack 19 extends from the most retracted position and contacts the existing segment S. Not only can the generation period be eliminated, but the thrust generation period in the shield jack 19 can be made as long as possible.

  Therefore, according to the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to the present invention, the shield jack 19 disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction and the shield jack 19 disposed on the inner side in the bending direction are each extended at a low pressure, By making the shield excavator 1 bend, it is possible to sufficiently secure the thrust required when the shield excavator 1 is bent, so that the excavation direction of the shield excavator 1 can be controlled with high accuracy. Can do.

  Further, when the shield jack 19 arranged on the inner side in the bending direction becomes the shield jack 19 arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position, the shield jack 19 arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position. Necessary for bending the shield excavator 1 regardless of the position of the segment assembly position in the circumferential direction of the tunnel by extending the shield jacks 19 adjacent to the left and right sides of the tunnel at low pressure. Can be ensured.

  Further, by extending the shield jack 19 arranged at the point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position to the existing segment S in a state where the pressure is zero, the shield jack 19 is brought into contact with the segment S without applying thrust. When the shield jack 19 is not in the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position, the pressure of the shield jack 19 can be maximized immediately, and the propulsion reaction force can be obtained immediately.

  The present invention is applicable to a shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method for the purpose of increasing the excavation speed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 11 Excavator main body 12 Bulk head 13 Cutter head 14 Cutter drive motor 15 Chamber 16 Screw conveyor 17 Elector device 18 Tail seal 19 Shield jack O Excavator center K Planned route P Force point S segment

Claims (3)

When assembling the segment at the rear of the propulsion jack, the shield excavator is excavated by extension by the maximum pressure in a number of propulsion jacks provided along the circumferential direction.
By setting the pressure of the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position and the pressure of the propulsion jack arranged at the point symmetrical position of the segment assembly position around the excavator center of the shield excavator to zero, respectively In the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method in which the extension of the propulsion jack is prohibited and the excavation direction of the shield excavator is controlled.
Of all the propulsion jacks other than the propulsion jacks arranged at point-symmetric positions of the segment assembly position with the propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position and the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center, on the upper side in the vertical direction Simultaneous construction of shield excavation segments, wherein the propulsion jack arranged and the propulsion jack arranged inside the bending direction are each extended to the existing segment at a low pressure, and the shield excavator is bent. Law. In the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to claim 1,
The propulsion jack corresponding to the segment assembly position or the propulsion jack disposed at a point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position with the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center is disposed in the bending direction. When it becomes a jack,
The propulsion jacks corresponding to the segment assembly positions, or the propulsion jacks adjacent to the left and right sides of the propulsion jacks disposed at point symmetry positions of the segment assembly positions around the excavator center of the shield excavator , respectively. Shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method characterized by extending at low pressure. In the shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method according to claim 1 or 2,
The propulsion jack arranged at a point-symmetrical position of the segment assembly position with the excavator center of the shield excavator as the center is extended to the existing segment and brought into contact with the segment without applying its thrust. Shield excavation segment assembly simultaneous construction method characterized by that.

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