JP6322313B2 - Quick connector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrical connector, more specifically to a high-current quick connector, and belongs to the technical field of electrical connectors.

  There are various electrical connection parts between the electric wire or power cable and the electric equipment, but in the case of a large current application, for example, when the transmission current reaches several hundred or several thousand amperes, a copper crimp terminal is generally used. One end of the crimp terminal is a flat terminal head having a circular hole, and the other end is circular. When using, remove the sheath of the electric cable, insert the copper wire into the circular tube, clamp it firmly with pliers, fit the circular hole of the terminal head into the terminal of the electrical equipment, and tighten the nut Connection is complete.

  Such a connection method is easy to attach and detach. However, there is a problem that the contact surface is easily oxidized during use, the contact resistance increases, the connector eventually generates heat, and eventually burns out. In addition, when such a connection method is used for a mobile equipment such as an electric vehicle, the nut loosens due to long-term vibration, a contact failure phenomenon occurs, heat is generated not only in the connector, It may cause energy consumption and cause failure due to unstable power supply of electrical equipment. For this reason, the connection method using a crimp terminal is not convenient but lacks certainty.

  In one embodiment of the present invention, the quick connector includes a socket, a plug, and a cap component.

  The socket has a socket copper core and a socket plastic jacket that fits outside the copper core. One end of the socket copper core is a flat conductive connection plate, and the other end is a cylindrical body. An axial socket hole is provided at the center of the end face of the cylindrical body. The bottom of the socket hole has a screw hole that does not penetrate in the axial direction. The conductive connection plate is exposed outside one end face of the socket plastic jacket. The other end of the socket plastic jacket has an annular groove, and the bottom of the annular groove has a sawtooth-like unevenness.

The plug has a plug copper core and a plug plastic jacket.
One end of the plug copper core is a pipe-shaped copper core tail tube, and the other end is a columnar copper core head protruding outward. The copper core head is formed into a small hole, a conical hole, and a large hole in order from the protruding end to the other end in order along the axial direction. The peripheral wall of the copper core head has a slit that equally divides the copper core head along the axial direction. One end of the plug plastic jacket is a pipe-like head of the front counterbore, and the other end is a regular polygon tail of the rear counterbore. The end face of the pipe-shaped head is a saw-tooth shaped end face that meshes with the saw-tooth shaped groove bottom of the socket plastic jacket. The front counterbore and the rear counterbore are connected by a coaxial through hole. The copper core head of the plug is located in the front counterbore coaxially with the front counterbore. The copper core tail tube of the plug copper core is exposed on the side surface of the plug plastic jacket.

The cap component includes a cap, a hex bolt, a bolt plastic jacket, a spring, and a tapered washer.
The cap includes a boss having an axial hexagonal counterbore, and the shoulder of the boss has a concave groove into which the regular polygonal tail of the plug plastic jacket fits.
The hexagon bolt is attached to a bolt plastic jacket. The hexagonal tail of the hexagonal bolt is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore of the hexagonal tail of the bolt plastic jacket. The hexagonal tail of the bolt plastic jacket is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore of the cap.
The spring and the taper washer are attached to a hexagon bolt, and the taper washer is located at the outer end of the spring.

  For example, when the plug is inserted into the socket, the copper core head of the plug is inserted into the socket hole. The pipe-shaped head of the plug plastic jacket is inserted into the annular concave groove of the socket plastic jacket. The saw blade end of the plug plastic jacket engages the saw blade groove bottom of the socket plastic jacket, and the hexagon bolt of the cap component passes through the large and small holes of the copper core head and fits into the screw hole of the socket hole bottom. Maru. Each time the cap is turned, the hexagon bolt is turned into the screw hole. As a result, the copper core head of the copper core and the socket hole of the socket copper core are in intimate contact.

  In a preferred embodiment, the included angle between the central axis of the copper core head and the central axis of the copper core tail tube is 90 ° to 150 °. The number of slits that equally divide the copper core head is, for example, a number that can divide the copper core head into at least four equal parts.

  There is an annular seal ring groove in the rear counterbore bottom of the plug plastic jacket, and the seal ring is fitted into the annular seal ring groove, and at least one O-ring groove is formed on the outer wall of the pipe-shaped head of the plug plastic jacket. And an O-ring may be fitted in the O-ring groove.

The plug plastic jacket is fitted to a male screw installed at an end portion in the direction of the conductive connecting plate, and a fixing nut can be fitted on the male screw.
The number of sides of the regular polygon tail of the plug plastic jacket may be at least six. Non-slip protrusions are installed outside the polygonal tail of the plug plastic jacket.

  The cap has a regular polygonal outer wall and a concave groove having a circular inner wall. An anti-slip groove may be provided on the polygonal inner wall of the groove. In this case, when the cap component fits into the plug and socket and is firmly tightened to the plug and socket, when the cap is pressed against the back side, the anti-slip protrusion is locked into the anti-slip groove, and the plug plastic jacket The square tail is inserted into the concave groove of the cap.

  The socket plastic jacket, plug plastic jacket, cap and bolt plastic jacket may be made of, for example, flame retardant plastic. The flame retardant plastic may include flame retardant ABS, flame retardant PP, flame retardant PVC, flame retardant PE, flame retardant PC, or flame retardant phenolic resin.

  In the quick connector provided in the present invention, the contact surface is sealed in a plastic jacket. Reduces the possibility of oxidation of the contact surface, prevents loosening of the tightening nut, improves the reliability of the electrical connection, makes the electrical contact area larger and tighter, higher applied current, safer -Certainly, there is an advantage that loading and unloading is fast and convenient, and there is no need for a dedicated tool, so you can load and unload quickly.

One embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art.
1. The two electrical contact surfaces are sealed in a protective plastic jacket to reduce the possibility of oxidation and corrosion due to air and moisture ingress, so the contact resistance does not increase during use, The connector does not generate heat.
2. Most metal parts of the connector are sealed in a plastic jacket, reducing the possibility of a short circuit between the two connectors.
3. When tightening the tightening bolt, the copper core head is expanded outward under the pressure of the taper washer, making the contact surface between the copper core head and the socket hole larger, making the contact closer and allowing a larger current.
4). The tightening bolt is designed to prevent back-and-forth movement and anti-rotation, and the tightening bolt does not loosen or come off even during severe vibrations, so the connection is safer and more secure.
5. The design of the saw blade structure that meshes with the top of the plug and the bottom of the socket prevents the plug and socket from rotating due to severe vibration.
6). By simply turning the cap by hand, the connector can be separated and connected, so there is no need for tools, and quick attachment and removal can be realized, which is convenient for use.

FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a quick connector according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of the socket according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view of the socket of FIG. FIG. 4 is a projected view of one embodiment of the present invention as seen from one end of the plug. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a plug according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a cap according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a left side view of the cap of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a quick connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.

    FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a quick connector according to one specific embodiment of the present invention. The quick connector includes a socket I, a plug II, and a cap component III. The socket I is composed of a socket copper core 1, a socket plastic jacket 2, and a fixing nut 3. The plug II is composed of a plug copper core 4, a plug plastic jacket 5, a seal ring 12, and an O-ring 13. The cap component III is a cap 11 or a hexagon. A bolt 9, a bolt plastic jacket 10, a flat washer 8, a spring 7 and a taper washer 6 are combined.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the specific structure of the socket I is a flat conductive connecting plate 101 at one end of the socket copper core 1. A conductive connection hole 102 is opened at the center position of the conductive connection plate 101. The conductive connection hole 102 is used for connection with a conductive connector in an electrical facility. The other end of the socket copper core 1 is cylindrical. An axial socket hole 103 is opened at the center of the end face of the cylindrical body. A screw hole 104 that does not penetrate in the axial direction is formed at the center of the bottom of the socket hole 103. The socket hole 103 and the screw hole 104 are formed coaxially.

  The socket copper core 1 is fitted in a socket plastic jacket 2. The conductive connection plate 101 provided at one end of the socket copper core is exposed outside the end face of the socket plastic jacket 2. A male screw 201 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the socket plastic jacket 2 at the end where the conductive connection plate 101 is exposed. The socket I can be fixed to the wall of the electrical equipment with the fixing nut 3 through the male screw 201.

  One annular concave groove 202 is provided at the other end of the socket plastic jacket 2. The annular concave groove 202 is used as a guide for inserting the plug II. A sawtooth groove bottom 203 is provided at the bottom of the annular groove 202.

The specific structure of the plug II is as shown in FIGS.
One end of the plug copper core 4 is a pipe-shaped copper core tail tube 402. The copper core after removing the covering of the power cable is inserted into the copper core tail tube 402, and is connected by applying cold pressure with pliers.
The other end of the plug copper core 4 is a copper core head 401 protruding outward in a substantially cylindrical shape. The included angle between the central axis of the copper core head 401 and the central axis of the copper core tail tube 402 is preferably, for example, 90 ° to 150 °. In the present embodiment, the depression angle is 90 °.

  A small hole 403 penetrating in the axial direction is opened at the center of the end face of the protruding portion of the copper core head 401. At the other end of the copper core head 401, a large hole 404 is formed coaxially with the small hole 403. The small hole 403 and the large 404 are connected by a conical hole 405. A slit 406 is formed in the peripheral wall of the copper core head 401 along the axial direction. The copper core head 401 may be divided into at least four equal parts by the slit 406, for example. In the present embodiment, four slits 406 are evenly provided, and the copper core head 401 is divided into eight equal parts.

  One end of the plug plastic jacket 5 is a pipe-like head 502. The other end of the plug plastic jacket 5 is a regular polygon tail 503. The number of corners (in other words, the number of sides) of the regular polygon of the regular polygon tail 503 is at least 6. In the present embodiment, the regular polygon of the regular polygon tail 503 is a regular decagon.

  A front counter bore 504 is formed in the pipe-like head 502. A rear counterbore 505 is formed in the regular decagonal tail 503. In the present embodiment, the rear counterbore 505 and the front counterbore 504 are formed coaxially. A through hole 506 passes between the front counterbore 504 and the rear counterbore 505. The diameter of the through hole 506 is the same as that of the large hole 404 of the copper core head 401. The through hole 506 is coaxial with the front counterbore 504 and the rear counterbore 505.

  The copper core head 401 is inserted into the front counterbore 504 and both are coaxial. The copper core tail tube 402 protrudes from the side surface of the plug plastic jacket 5. An annular seal ring groove 509 is provided at the bottom of the rear counterbore 505 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the seal ring 12 is fitted in the seal ring groove 509. The seal ring 12 is used to seal between the plug II and the cap component III, as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, at least one O-ring groove 507 is provided on the outer wall of the pipe-shaped head 502. As shown in FIG. 1, the O-ring 13 is fitted in the O-ring groove 507. In this embodiment, two O-ring grooves 507 are provided on the outer wall of the pipe-shaped head 502, and the O-ring 13 is fitted in each. As shown in FIG. 8, the O-ring 13 is used for sealing between the socket I and the plug II. The O-ring 13 isolates the internal socket copper core 1 and the plug copper core 4 from air and moisture, thereby preventing copper oxidation. A saw blade-shaped end surface 508 is provided on the end surface of the pipe-shaped head 502. The saw blade end face 508 meshes with the saw blade groove bottom 203 of the socket plastic jacket 2.

  In the present embodiment, the tip of the copper core head 401 of the plug copper core 4 is formed as a convex surface having an arcuate curved surface so as to increase the contact area. The bottom of the socket hole 103 of the socket copper core 1 is processed into a concave surface having an arcuate curved surface. The degree of arc of both guarantees that they match.

  FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the cap 11. The shape projected on the surface perpendicular to the axis of the cap 11 is a circle. One circular boss 1104 is provided at the center of the cap 11. A hexagonal counterbore 1102 is provided at the center of the boss 1104. An annular groove 1103 is provided on the shoulder of the boss 1104. The concave groove 1103 has a circular inner periphery and an outer polygonal outer periphery. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the concave groove 1103 is a regular decagon.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the hexagonal bolt 9 is fitted in one hexagonal bolt plastic jacket 10. The center of the bolt plastic jacket 10 has a hexagonal counterbore as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the hexagonal tail (bolt head) of the hexagonal bolt 9 is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore.

  The bolt plastic jacket 10 fitted with the hexagon bolt 9 is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore 1102 at the center of the cap 11. Thereafter, the cap component III is configured by gradually inserting the flat washer 8, the spring 7 and the taper washer 6 into the head (bolt shaft portion) of the hexagon bolt 9. Here, as for the outer peripheral surface of the taper washer 6, the front end side of the hexagon bolt 9 is tapered. That is, the outer peripheral surface of the taper washer 6 has a substantially conical shape.

  The socket plastic jacket 2, the plug plastic jacket 5, the cap 11 and the bolt plastic jacket 10 are made of flame-retardant plastic and are made by injection molding. The flame retardant plastic includes flame retardant ABS, flame retardant PP, flame retardant PVC, flame retardant PE, flame retardant PC, or flame retardant phenolic resin. In this embodiment, ABS is used as the best choice. ABS resin is a general term for copolymerized synthetic resins of acrylonitrile, butadiene (Butadiene), and styrene (Styrene). PP means polypropylene resin. PVC means polyvinyl chloride. PE means polyethylene resin. PC means polycarbonate resin.

  In actual use, the socket I is first fixed to the wall of the electrical installation by the fixing nut 3. Next, the plug I is inserted into the socket II. At this time, the pipe wall of the pipe-like head 502 of the plug plastic jacket 5 is inserted into the annular concave groove 202 (see FIG. 2) of the socket plastic jacket 2. Further, the saw blade end face 508 of the pipe-like head 502 of the plug plastic jacket 5 meshes with the saw blade groove bottom 203 of the annular groove 202 on the socket plastic jacket 2. This ensures that no rotation phenomenon occurs between the plug II and the socket I even under severe vibration conditions.

  At the same time, the copper core head 401 is inserted into the socket hole 103 of the socket copper core 1. The hexagon bolt 9 of the cap component III passes through the large hole 404 and the small hole 403 in the copper core head 401 and engages with the screw hole 104 (see FIG. 2) at the bottom of the socket hole 103. By rotating the cap 11, the bolt plastic jacket 10 is rotated. Then, the hexagon bolt 9 rotates together with the bolt plastic jacket 10. Then, as the hexagon bolt 9 is turned into the screw hole 104, the spring 7 is compressed, and the pressure applied to the taper washer 6 increases gradually. The taper washer 6 is slowly pushed into the conical hole 405 of the copper core head 401. Since the tip of the copper core head 401 and the bottom of the socket hole 103 are both processed in an arc shape, the contact area increases and the contact becomes tighter and more rigid. The cross-sectional view after the socket I and plug II are firmly clamped by the cap component III is as shown in FIG.

  In order to prevent the tightened hexagon bolt 9 from loosening due to vibration, the present embodiment includes an axial anti-slip device and a rotation-preventing device. In this embodiment, a non-slip protrusion 501 is provided on the regular decagonal outer wall of the plug plastic jacket 5 (see FIGS. 4 and 5). A non-slip groove 1101 is provided on the outer wall of the regular decagon of the groove 1103 of the cap 11 (see FIGS. 6 and 7).

  When the hexagon bolt 9 is tightened, the cap 11 is pressed on the back side. An anti-slip protrusion 501 provided on the outer wall of the regular decagon of the plug plastic jacket 5 fits into an anti-slip groove 1101 formed on the inner wall of the groove 1103 of the cap 11. Thereby, the cap 11 is fixed so as not to slip in the axial direction. At the same time, the regular polygon tail 503 of the plug plastic jacket 5 is just inserted into the concave groove 1103 of the cap 11. The outer peripheral wall of the concave groove 1103 is a regular polygon (in this embodiment, a regular decagon). The cap 11 cannot be rotated by the meshing of the regular polygon. For this reason, the hexagon bolt 9 cannot be rotated. The axial anti-slip device and the anti-rotation device can prevent the hexagon bolt 9 from rotating and slipping in the axial direction even in the presence of severe vibration, thereby further ensuring the connection.

  In the quick connector of this embodiment, all copper contact surfaces are sealed in a plastic jacket and are isolated from air and moisture. For this reason, the possibility of copper oxidation and corrosion is reduced, and the possibility of shorting between connectors is reduced. In the quick connector of this embodiment, the contact surface of copper is large, the allowable current is increased, and at the same time, the tightening bolt can be prevented from loosening and the rotation between the plug and the socket, and the reliability of electrical connection is greatly improved. To do. The quick connector of the present embodiment does not require any tool for attaching / detaching the connector, and has advantages such as being safe and reliable, having a large working current, and being convenient for use.

  The above description only describes the structure of the present invention with a specific embodiment, and any modification or addition to the specific embodiment or substitution by a similar method by a technician belonging to this field, All fall within the protection scope of the present invention unless they depart from the structure of the present invention or the claims.

I Socket II Plug III Cap component 1 Socket copper core 2 Socket plastic jacket 3 Fixing nut 4 Plug copper core 5 Plug plastic jacket 6 Taper washer 7 Spring 8 Flat washer 9 Hexagon bolt 10 Bolt plastic jacket 11 Cap 12 Seal ring 13 O-ring 101 Conductive connection plate 102 Conductive connection hole 103 Socket hole 104 Screw hole 201 Male screw 202 Annular groove 203 Saw blade shaped groove bottom 401 Copper core head 402 Copper core tail tube 403 Small hole 404 Large hole 405 Conical hole 406 Slit 501 Non-slip Projection 502 Pipe-shaped head 503 Regular polygon tail 504 Front counterbore 505 Rear counterbore 506 Through hole 507 O-ring groove 508 Saw blade-shaped end face 509 Seal ring groove 101-slip groove 1102 hexagonal counter bore 1103 groove 1104 boss

Claims (8)

Socket,
Plug and
A cap component,
The socket is
Socket copper core,
A socket plastic jacket that fits outside the copper core;
One end of the socket copper core is a flat conductive connection plate, the other end is a cylindrical body,
In the center of the end surface of the cylindrical body, it has an axial socket hole,
The bottom of the socket hole has a screw hole that does not penetrate in the axial direction,
The conductive connection plate is exposed outside one end surface of the socket plastic jacket,
The other end of the socket plastic jacket has an annular groove.
At the bottom of the annular groove, there is a saw-toothed irregularity,
The plug is
Plug copper core,
With a plug plastic jacket,
One end of the plug copper core is a pipe-shaped copper core tail tube, and the other end is a cylindrical copper core head protruding outward,
The copper core head
From one projected end to the other end in order along the axial direction, it becomes a small hole, a conical hole and a large hole,
The peripheral wall of the copper core head has a slit that equally divides the copper core head along the axial direction,
One end of the plug plastic jacket is a pipe-like head of the front counterbore, and the other end is a regular polygon tail of the rear counterbore,
The end face of the pipe-shaped head is
It becomes a saw blade-shaped end face that meshes with the saw blade-shaped groove bottom of the socket plastic jacket,
The front counterbore and the rear counterbore are communicated by a coaxial through hole,
The copper core head of the plug is located in the front counterbore coaxially with the front counterbore,
The copper core tail pipe of the plug copper core is exposed on a side surface of the plug plastic jacket,
The cap component is
A cap, a hexagon bolt, a bolt plastic jacket, a spring, and a taper washer;
The cap is
A boss having an axial hexagonal counterbore, and the shoulder of the boss has a concave groove into which the regular polygon tail of the plug plastic jacket fits;
The hexagon bolt is
It is attached to the bolt plastic jacket,
The hexagonal tail of the hexagonal bolt is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore of the hexagonal tail of the bolt plastic jacket,
The hexagonal tail of the bolt plastic jacket is fitted into the hexagonal counterbore of the cap,
The spring and the taper washer are attached to a hexagon bolt, and the taper washer is located at the outer end of the spring.
Quick connector.   The quick connector according to claim 1, wherein a depression angle between a central axis of the copper core head and a central axis of the copper core tail pipe is 90 ° to 150 °.   The quick connector according to claim 1, wherein the number of slits that equally divide the copper core head is a number that can divide the copper core head into at least four equal parts.   There is an annular seal ring groove in the rear counterbore bottom of the plug plastic jacket, and a seal ring is fitted into the annular seal ring groove, and at least 1 is provided on the outer wall of the pipe-shaped head of the plug plastic jacket. The quick connector according to claim 1, wherein one O-ring groove is provided, and the O-ring is fitted in the O-ring groove.   The quick plug according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the plug plastic jacket is fitted into a male screw installed at an end portion in the direction of the conductive connecting plate, and a fixing nut is fitted onto the male screw. connector.   6. The quick connector according to claim 5, wherein the number of sides of the regular polygon tail of the plug plastic jacket is at least six.   Non-slip protrusions are installed on the outside of the polygonal tail of the plug plastic jacket, non-slip grooves are installed on the polygonal inner wall of the cap recess groove, and the cap component fits into the plug and socket; After firmly tightening the plug and socket, when the cap is pressed against the back side, the anti-slip protrusion is locked in the anti-slip groove, and the regular polygonal tail of the plug plastic jacket is inserted into the groove of the cap. The quick connector according to claim 5, wherein the quick connector is inserted. The socket plastic jacket, the plug plastic jacket, the cap, and the bolt plastic jacket are made of flame retardant plastic,
The flame retardant plastic is one resin selected from flame retardant ABS, flame retardant PP, flame retardant PVC, flame retardant PE, flame retardant PC, and flame retardant phenolic resin. Item 6. The quick connector according to item 5.

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