JP6315971B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a small wind power generator that rotates an impeller by wind force and converts the energy of the rotation into electric energy.

  Various types and types of wind power generators of this type have been proposed and manufactured. For example, there has been proposed a small wind power generation apparatus that can prevent the blades from being damaged by strong winds by suppressing an increase in the rotational speed of the impeller even when the wind power increases. This wind power generator includes a horizontal rotating shaft, an impeller attached to the horizontal rotating shaft, a generator that converts rotational energy of the horizontal rotating shaft into electrical energy, and the rotational power of the horizontal rotating shaft to the rotor of the generator. Equipped with a transmission mechanism and a rudder for transmission, a fixed collar is fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft, a movable collar is slidably attached to the horizontal rotating shaft, and a plurality of windward mounting rods are radially attached to the fixed collar. And a plurality of leeward mounting rods are fixed to the movable collar in a radial manner and at a different angular position from the windward mounting rod, and between each windward mounting rod and the corresponding leeward mounting rod. The impeller is constituted by extending the blades. The movable collar moves and moves relative to the fixed collar so that the larger the wind power is, the more the leeward side mounting bar is separated from the windward side mounting bar and the angular position deviation between the windward side mounting bar and the leeward side mounting bar is reduced. It is a rotating mechanism (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 4509633 (page 3-5, FIG. 1)

  The wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a simple configuration, can prevent blade breakage due to strong wind, and can efficiently obtain substantially constant electric energy even when wind force changes. It has the advantage that it can. On the other hand, in this wind turbine generator, blades made of a fabric such as polyester or polyvinyl acetal are respectively disposed between the windward side mounting rods fixed to the fixed collar and the windward side mounting rods fixed to the movable collar. Since the impeller is stretched and the blades deteriorate in various natural environment changes such as outdoor sunlight, temperature, humidity, and rainfall, for example, once every 4 to 6 years There is a problem that it is necessary to replace the wings.

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and has a relatively simple configuration. Even if the wind force changes, a substantially constant electric energy can be obtained efficiently, and the blade is damaged by a strong wind. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind turbine generator that can prevent the above-described problem and that requires relatively little labor for maintenance.

The present invention provides a rotating shaft that is horizontally supported by a holding member and is rotatably supported, an impeller that is attached to the rotating shaft and that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft under the force of wind, and rotational energy. A generator for converting into electric energy, a transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational power of the rotating shaft to the rotor of the generator, a direction adjusting mechanism for rotating the rotating shaft in a horizontal plane so as to follow the wind direction, In the wind turbine generator provided with the rotation speed automatic adjustment mechanism that suppresses the fluctuation of the rotation speed of the rotating shaft with respect to the change of the wind force, each of the configurations of the impeller and the rotation speed automatic adjustment mechanism is characterized.
That is, the impeller in the wind turbine generator according to the present invention includes a blade holding member that has a plurality of support holes that are fixed to the rotating shaft, are each drilled in the radial direction, and are equally distributed in the circumferential direction, and the blade A plurality of rotating blades held radially and equally on the holding member, and the rotating blades are rotatably inserted into the support holes of the blade holding member. A pivot portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, and a wind that is integrally fixed to the pivot portion and is formed in a flat shape so that the pivot portion is included in the same plane, and flows in a direction along the rotation axis. And a rudder integrally connected to the pivot portion so as to project perpendicularly to the downstream side of the wind flowing in the direction along the rotation axis of the pivot portion. It consists of a buttock.
The automatic rotation speed adjusting mechanism in the wind turbine generator according to the present invention is attached to the rotary shaft on the rear side of the blade holding member with a gap from the blade holding member and is slidable with respect to the rotary shaft. A movable member, a resilient means for urging the movable member to approach the wing holding member, and one end portion of which is pin-joined to a rear end portion of each rudder portion and the other end The portion is composed of a plurality of link rods that are pin-bonded to the movable member and are equally distributed in the circumferential direction, and the plane that is orthogonal to the wind direction as the wind force received by the plurality of rotor blades increases. The rotating blades rotate about the pivot portion so that the angle formed by the plastic thin plate portion is larger than the pivot portion, and the movable member is moved through the rudder portion and the link rod accordingly. Against the urging force of the wing So as to move in a direction away from the member.

In the wind turbine generator according to the present invention, when the wind force increases, the force received by the rotor blades of the impeller increases, and the rotor blades are caused by the force to be axially aligned with the pivot portion (the shaft of the support hole of the blade holding member). The rudder portion that rotates about the center line) and that is integrally connected to the pivot portion of the rotor blade rotates. As a result, the apparent area of the rotor blades seen from the direction of wind travel is reduced. Further, when the rudder part is rotated, the movable member is pushed rearward through a link rod whose one end is pin-joined to the rear end part of the rudder part and whose other end is pin-joined to the movable member. The movable member receives the force and slides along the rotation axis in a direction away from the blade holding member against the biasing force of the elastic means. As a result, the force received by the rotor blades from the wind is reduced. For this reason, even if wind force becomes large, the increase in the rotation speed of an impeller and hence the rotation speed of a rotating shaft can be suppressed. And the rotation angle of the rotor blades and the moving distance of the movable member change according to the magnitude of the wind force, and the apparent area of the rotor blades seen from the direction of the wind changes, so even if the wind force changes, Variations in the rotational speed of the rotating shaft can be suppressed. Moreover, since the increase in the rotational speed of the rotating shaft is suppressed, damage to the rotor blades due to strong winds is prevented. On the other hand, when the wind force is reduced and the force received by the rotor blades is reduced, the movable member slides along the rotation axis so that the urging force of the elastic means overcomes the force received by the blades and approaches the blade holding member. To do. Thereby, the rudder portion of the rotor blade receives force through the link rod pin-joined to the movable member, the rudder portion rotates, and the rotor blade whose pivot portion is integrally connected to the rudder portion, It rotates in the opposite direction around the axis of the pivot. As a result, the apparent area of the rotor blade that can be seen from the direction of wind travel increases.
Therefore, when the wind power generator according to the present invention is used, substantially constant electric energy can be efficiently obtained even when the wind force changes, and damage to the rotor blades due to strong wind can be prevented. And this wind power generator has a relatively simple configuration, and the main part of the rotor blade is compared with the one in which the blades of the impeller are made of fabric like the conventional wind power generator. In addition, since it is made of a thin plastic plate with weather resistance, maintenance and maintenance work can be relatively reduced.

1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention and is a side view of a wind turbine generator. It is the front view which looked at the wind power generator shown in Drawing 1 from the windward side. It is a side view which shows the small generator and transmission mechanism which are some wind power generators shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the tail part which is a part of wind power generator shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows a part of wind power generator shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a figure for demonstrating apparatus operation | movement when a wind force is small. It is a top view which shows a part of wind power generator shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a figure for demonstrating apparatus operation | movement when a wind force is small. It is a side view which shows a part of wind power generator shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a figure for demonstrating apparatus operation | movement when a wind force is large. It is a top view which shows a part of wind power generator shown in FIG. 1, Comprising: It is a figure for demonstrating apparatus operation | movement when a wind force is large. It is the front view which looked at the wind power generator shown in FIG. 1 from the windward side, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the state of an impeller when a wind force is large.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in the side view of FIG. 1, this wind turbine generator is a horizontal shaft type device having a horizontal rotating shaft 10 that follows the direction of the wind during operation, and an impeller 12 is attached to the horizontal rotating shaft 10. The impeller 12 receives wind and rotates integrally with the horizontal rotation shaft 10.

  The impeller 12 includes a main wing holding member 14 fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft 10, and a plurality of blades held by the main wing holding member 14 in a radial and circumferentially equal manner, eight in the illustrated example. It is comprised from the rotary blade 16 of this. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the main wing holding member 14 has eight support holes 18 (only two are shown in FIGS. 5 and 7) corresponding to the rotary wings 16. They are equally distributed in the direction and are respectively drilled in the radial direction. The rotary blade 16 is pivotally inserted into the support hole 18 of the main wing holding member 14 and extends in a direction orthogonal to the horizontal rotary shaft 10, and a plastic thin plate integrally fixed to the pivot portion 20. And a rudder portion 24 integrally connected to the pivot portion 20. The plastic thin plate portion 22 is formed in a flat shape so that the pivot portion 20 is included in the same plane, and a reinforcing material 26 is mounted on the back surface side. The plastic thin plate portion 22 is disposed so as to cross obliquely with respect to the wind flowing in the direction along the horizontal rotation axis 10. Further, the rudder portion 24 is fixed so as to protrude vertically to the downstream side of the wind flowing in the direction along the horizontal rotation axis 10 of the pivot portion 20.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the horizontal rotary shaft 10 is rotatably supported by a pair of bearings 30, 30 fixed on the upper surface of the holding base plate 28, and is cantilevered via the bearing 30 by the holding base plate 28. Is held in a horizontal position. The holding base plate 28 has a rotating support shaft 32 integrally suspended on the lower surface side, and the rotating support shaft 32 is rotatably inserted into a support hole 36 formed in the axial center portion of the column 34. Has been. The holding base plate 28 is held in a horizontal posture at the upper end portion of the column 34 and is freely rotated around the vertical axis.

  A small generator 38 that converts rotational energy into electrical energy and a gear box 40 for transmitting rotational power are fixed on the holding base plate 28, and the rotor and gears of the small generator 38 are fixed. The output shaft of the box 40 is connected. In addition, a brake wheel 42, a coupling 44, a connecting shaft 46, a bearing 48, and the like are installed on the holding base plate 28. The upper surface side of the holding base plate 28 is covered with a cover 50, and the bearing 30, the small generator 38, the gear box 40, and the like are housed in a casing including the holding base plate 28 and the cover 50.

  A tail blade 52 that serves as a rudder is attached to the rear end of the horizontal rotary shaft 10. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 4, the tail wings 52 are provided in pairs so that the pair of tail wings 52, 52 has a “<” shape and the connecting side faces forward. Yes. The tail blade 52 is fixed to the tail blade holding member 54, and the tail blade holding member 54 is held so as to be freely rotatable with respect to the horizontal rotation shaft 10 via the bearing member 56 so that the tail blade 52 does not rotate with the horizontal rotation shaft 10. . Therefore, by the action of the tail blade 52, the holding base plate 28 is rotated in a horizontal plane with respect to the support column 34 so that the horizontal rotation shaft 10 follows the wind direction.

  A movable member 58 is attached to the horizontal rotating shaft 10 on the rear side of the main wing holding member 14 fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft so as to be spaced from the main wing holding member 14. The movable member 58 is slidably held with respect to the horizontal rotation shaft 10. In addition, a spring receiving member 60 is fixed to the horizontal rotating shaft 10 on the rear side of the movable member 58 at a distance from the movable member 58. A compression coil spring 62 wound around the outer periphery of the horizontal rotating shaft 10 is interposed between the movable member 58 and the spring receiving member 60, and both ends of the compression coil spring 62 are connected to the movable member 58 and the spring receiver. Each is fixed to the member. Therefore, the movable member 58 is biased so as to approach the main wing holding member 14 by the elastic force of the compression coil spring 62. In addition, one end of a link rod (turn buckle) 64 is pin-joined to the rudder portion 24 of the rotor blade 16 of the impeller 12, and the other end of the link rod 64 is pin-joined to the movable member 58. Has been. Then, eight link rods 64 for connecting the rudder portion 24 and the movable member 58 of each rotor blade 16 are mounted with equal distribution in the circumferential direction.

  The above-described movable member 58, spring receiving member 60, compression coil spring 62, and a plurality of link rods 64 function to automatically adjust the rotational speed of the horizontal rotary shaft 10 in response to changes in wind force. Is configured. By providing this mechanism, the rotational angle of the rotor blade 16 and the moving distance of the movable member 58 change according to the magnitude of the wind force, and the apparent area of the rotor blade 16 seen from the wind traveling direction changes. To do. That is, as the wind force received by the plurality of rotor blades 16 increases, each rotor blade 16 rotates around the pivot portion 20 so that the angle formed by the plastic thin plate portion 22 with respect to a plane perpendicular to the wind direction increases. Accordingly, the movable member 58 moves away from the main wing holding member 14 against the urging force of the compression coil spring 62 via the rudder rod portion 24 and the link rod 64.

Next, the operation in the wind turbine generator having the above-described configuration will be described.
When the wind blows at the place where the wind power generator is installed, the holding base plate 28 is rotated in the horizontal plane with respect to the support column 34 by the action of the tail 52, and the axial direction of the horizontal rotary shaft 10 is made to follow the flow of the wind. The front side of the impeller 12 is in a posture facing upwind. When the wind power is small, as shown in FIG. 1, a partial side view is shown in FIG. 5, and a partial plan view is shown in FIG. 6 (FIGS. 5 and 6 show one line for ease of understanding. As shown in FIG. 2, the compression coil spring 62 is extended to minimize the distance between the main wing holding member 14 and the movable member 58 of the impeller 12, as shown in FIG. When the impeller 12 is viewed from the windward side, the apparent area of the rotor blade 16 is maximized. For this reason, the rotary blade 16 of the impeller 12 receives the maximum force from the wind. At this time, the compression coil spring 62 is not particularly loaded. The impeller 12 rotates together with the horizontal rotary shaft 10 by the wind force, and the rotational power is transmitted to the rotor of the small generator 38 through the gear box 40 and the like. Is converted into power. The obtained electric power is temporarily stored in, for example, a battery, converted into a frequency of 60 Hz or 50 Hz and a voltage of 100 V through an inverter and used in a general household, or supplied to an electric power company through a regenerative inverter through an inverter. Or

  On the other hand, when the wind force increases, the force received by the rotor blades 16 of the impeller 12 increases, and the rotor blades 16 are caused to rotate by the force of the axis 20 of the pivot portion 20 (the axis of the support hole 18 of the main wing holding member 14). ). As a result, as shown in FIG. 9, the apparent area of the rotary blade 16 when the impeller 12 is viewed from the windward side is reduced. For this reason, the force which the rotary blade 16 of the impeller 12 receives from a wind will reduce. Further, as the rotating blade 16 rotates, the rudder portion 24 integrally connected to the pivot portion 20 of the rotating blade 16 rotates. Therefore, FIG. 7 shows a partial side view and FIG. 8 shows a partial plan view. As shown (FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 show only one rotor blade 16 for easy understanding), one end is pin-joined to the rear end of the rudder portion 24 and the other end. The movable member 58 receives a pushing force to the rear side via the link rod 64 pin-joined to the movable member 58, and the movable member 58 resists the elastic force (extension force) of the compression coil spring 62. The vehicle 12 slides along the horizontal rotation shaft 10 in a direction away from the blade holding member 14 of the vehicle 12. The movable member 58 is held at a position where the wind force received by the rotor blade 16 of the impeller 12 and the elastic force of the compression coil spring 62 are balanced. As described above, when the wind force is large, the rotor blades 16 of the impeller 12 operate so as to reduce the force received from the wind. Therefore, even if the wind force becomes large, the rotational speed of the impeller 12, and hence the horizontal rotation shaft 10. An increase in the number of rotations can be suppressed. Then, the rotational angle of the rotary blade 16 and the moving distance of the movable member 58 change according to the magnitude of the wind force, and the apparent area of the rotary blade 16 of the impeller 12 that can be seen from the wind traveling direction changes. Even if the wind force changes, fluctuations in the rotational speed of the horizontal rotary shaft 10 can be suppressed. Moreover, since the increase in the rotation speed of the horizontal rotating shaft 10 is suppressed, it is possible to prevent the rotor blades 16 from being damaged by a strong wind.

  When the wind force gradually decreases and the force received by the rotor blade 16 of the impeller 12 gradually decreases, the movable member 58 is applied to the blade holding member 14 of the impeller 12 by the biasing force (restoring force) of the compression coil spring 62. It slides along the horizontal rotation axis 10 in the approaching direction. According to this operation, the rudder part 24 of the rotor blade 16 receives a force via the link rod 64 pin-joined to the movable member 58 and the rudder part 24 rotates, so that the pivot part 20 is attached to the rudder part 24. The integrally connected rotor blades 16 are rotated in the angular direction shown in FIG. 6 about the axis of the pivot 20. As a result, the apparent area of the rotor blade 16 that can be seen from the direction of wind travel increases. For this reason, the rotary blade 16 of the impeller 12 receives the wind force efficiently, and the impeller 12 rotates at a rotation speed of a certain level or higher.

  In the above-described embodiment, the balance between the wind force received by the rotor blades 16 of the impeller 12 and the extension force of the compression coil spring 62 allows the rotor blades 16 when the impeller 12 is viewed from the windward side. The apparent area is automatically adjusted according to the magnitude of the wind force, and the rotational speed of the horizontal rotary shaft 10 and the impeller 12 is substantially constant even if the wind force changes. The mechanism for automatically adjusting the apparent area of the rotor blade 16 when the impeller 12 is viewed from the windward side is not limited to the above-described embodiment. Further, a transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational power of the horizontal rotary shaft 10 to the small generator 38, a rudder mechanism, a structure of a casing that houses the small generator 38, the gear box 40, the bearing 30, and the like, and freedom around the vertical axis of the casing. The rotation mechanism and the like are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment.

  The wind power generator according to the present invention is suitable for wind power generation in a relatively small office or facility, and may be used for small output power generation in general households.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Horizontal rotating shaft 12 Impeller 14 Main wing holding member 16 Rotor blade 18 Support hole of main wing holding member 20 Pivot part of rotor blade 22 Plastic thin plate part of rotor blade 24 Steering part of rotor blade 28 Holding base plate 30 Bearing 32 Rotation support Axis 34 Strut 36 Support hole 38 Small generator 52 Tail 58 Movable member 60 Spring receiving member 62 Compression coil spring 64 Link rod

Claims (1)

A rotating shaft that is horizontally supported by the holding member and is rotatably supported;
An impeller attached to the rotating shaft and receiving the force of wind to rotate integrally with the rotating shaft;
A generator that converts rotational energy into electrical energy;
A transmission mechanism for transmitting the rotational power of the rotary shaft to the rotor of the generator;
A direction adjusting mechanism for rotating the rotating shaft in a horizontal plane so as to follow the wind direction;
A rotation speed automatic adjustment mechanism that suppresses fluctuations in the rotation speed of the rotating shaft with respect to changes in wind force;
In the wind turbine generator with
The impeller,
A wing holding member fixed to the rotating shaft, each having a plurality of support holes that are bored in the radial direction and equally arranged in the circumferential direction;
A pivot portion that is rotatably inserted into the support hole of the blade holding member and extends in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis, and is fixed to the pivot portion so that the pivot portion is included in the same plane. A plastic thin plate portion formed so as to be obliquely intersected with the wind flowing in the direction along the rotation axis and the downstream side of the wind flowing in the direction along the rotation axis of the pivot portion A plurality of rotor blades which are composed of a rudder portion integrally connected to the pivot portion so as to protrude perpendicularly to the shaft, and which are held radially and equally distributed on the blade holding member,
And consisting of
The rotation speed automatic adjustment mechanism,
A movable member mounted on the rear side of the blade holding member at a distance from the blade holding member and slidably attached to the rotating shaft;
A resilient means for biasing the movable member to approach the wing holding member;
A plurality of link rods, one end of which is pin-joined to the rear end of each rudder and the other end of which is pin-joined to the movable member, and arranged equally in the circumferential direction;
The rotating blades rotate around the pivot portion so that the greater the wind force received by the plurality of rotating blades, the larger the angle formed by the plastic thin plate portion with respect to the plane perpendicular to the wind direction. Accordingly, the movable member moves in a direction away from the blade holding member against the urging force of the elastic means via the rudder portion and the link rod. .

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