JP6312122B2 - Acoustic diaphragm made of wood material - Google Patents
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- JP6312122B2 JP6312122B2 JP2013235161A JP2013235161A JP6312122B2 JP 6312122 B2 JP6312122 B2 JP 6312122B2 JP 2013235161 A JP2013235161 A JP 2013235161A JP 2013235161 A JP2013235161 A JP 2013235161A JP 6312122 B2 JP6312122 B2 JP 6312122B2
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- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
Description
本発明は、音響用振動板に関し、特に、木質系材料からなる音響用振動板に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an acoustic diaphragm, and more particularly to an acoustic diaphragm made of a wood-based material.
図１に示す音響機器のスピーカ等に用いられる音響用振動板１は、ボイスコイル２を流れる電流の変化を空気振動に変換するための部品であり、音質に極めて大きな影響を与える重要な部品である。 The acoustic diaphragm 1 used for the speaker of the acoustic device shown in FIG. 1 is a component for converting a change in the current flowing through the voice coil 2 into air vibration, and is an important component that greatly affects sound quality. is there.
この音響用振動板１に用いられる素材に要求される特性としては、薄肉であること、比弾性率が高いこと、適正な音の伝播速度を有すること、内部損失が大きいこと、湿度変化等に対する変性がなく、耐久性が高いこと等があるが、これらの特性を満たすために、図２に示すように、様々な材料を用いた振動板の開発が行われてきた。 The characteristics required for the material used for the acoustic diaphragm 1 are that it is thin, has a high specific elastic modulus, has an appropriate sound propagation speed, has a large internal loss, and changes in humidity. Although there is no modification and durability is high, in order to satisfy these characteristics, development of diaphragms using various materials has been performed as shown in FIG.
上記材料のうち、木質系材料からなる音響用振動板については、タケ繊維を用いたものが提案されている（特許文献１参照。）。
しかしながら、特許文献１に開示されたタケ繊維からなる音響用振動板は、タケをチップ状に粉砕した後、これを加圧ニーダで機械的に解繊し、得られたタケ繊維をホットプレスで成形するという複雑な製造工程を経て製造されるものであるため、コスト面に問題がある上、性能面でも他材料に対して取り立てて優位性が見られない（弾性率が低いために音の伝播速度が他材料の振動板と比べてやや小さい）ものであった。
Among the materials described above, an acoustic diaphragm made of a wood-based material has been proposed using bamboo fibers (see Patent Document 1).
However, the acoustic diaphragm made of bamboo fiber disclosed in Patent Document 1 pulverizes the bamboo into chips, and then mechanically defibrates the bamboo with a pressure kneader, and the obtained bamboo fiber is hot-pressed. Since it is manufactured through a complicated manufacturing process of molding, there is a problem in terms of cost, and in terms of performance, there is no advantage over other materials (because of its low elastic modulus, The propagation speed was slightly lower than that of other materials.
一方、本件出願人は、先に、木質系材料の切片から一工程で３次元形状の成形体を製造する木質系材料の流動成形技術を提案した（特許文献２及び３参照。）。
特許文献２及び３に開示された木質系材料の流動成形技術は、木質系材料が元来もつ繊維を分断することなく、相互の位置関係を変化させて木質系材料からなる３次元形状の成形体を成形できるものであるが、特許文献２及び３に開示された３次元形状の成形体には、上記音響用振動板に用いられる素材に要求される特性を備えたものはなかった。
On the other hand, the present applicant has previously proposed a flow molding technique for a wood-based material for producing a three-dimensional shaped molded body from a section of a wood-based material in one step (see Patent Documents 2 and 3).
The flow molding technology for wood-based materials disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 is the molding of a three-dimensional shape made of a wood-based material by changing the mutual positional relationship without breaking the fibers inherent in the wood-based material. Although the body can be molded, none of the three-dimensional molded bodies disclosed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 have the characteristics required for the material used for the acoustic diaphragm.
本発明は、上記知見に鑑み、木質系材料の流動成形技術を用い、音響用振動板に用いられる素材に要求される特性を備えた木質系材料からなる音響用振動板を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above-mentioned knowledge, the present invention aims to provide an acoustic diaphragm made of a wooden material having characteristics required for a material used for an acoustic diaphragm by using a flow molding technique of a wooden material. And
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の音響用振動板は、木質系材料からなる音響用振動板であって、合成樹脂としての水溶性フェノール樹脂を含浸させた木質系材料の切片を、金型間で加圧することにより流動成形して、薄肉・高密度化されてなることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, an acoustic diaphragm according to the present invention is an acoustic diaphragm made of a wood-based material, and a piece of a wood-based material impregnated with a water-soluble phenol resin as a synthetic resin is molded with a mold. It is characterized in that it is fluid-molded by pressurizing in between, and is thinned and densified.
この場合において、前記合成樹脂を含浸させた木質系材料の切片を、金型間で加圧する際に加熱して硬化反応を起こさせたものであり、木質系材料が元来もつ繊維を分断することなく、相互の位置関係を変化させて成形されてなるようにすることができる。 In this case, the sections of wood-based material impregnated with a said synthetic resin, which has heated to cause a curing reaction when pressurized between mold to divide the fibers woody material has originally Instead, it can be formed by changing the mutual positional relationship .
また、厚さが０．１〜１ｍｍ、密度が１．３０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上のものとすることができる。 Further, the thickness can be 0.1 to 1 mm, and the density can be 1.30 g / cm 3 or more.
本発明の音響用振動板は、木質系材料の流動成形技術を用いることにより、木質系材料が元来もつ繊維を分断することなく、相互の位置関係を変化させて成形されたものであり、薄肉・高密度化されてなることから、音響用振動板に用いられる素材に要求される特定である、薄肉であること、比弾性率が高いこと、適正な音の伝播速度を有すること、内部損失が大きいこと、湿度変化等に対する変性がなく、耐久性が高いこと等を満たすものである。 The acoustic diaphragm of the present invention is formed by changing the mutual positional relationship without dividing the fiber originally possessed by the wood-based material by using the flow molding technology of the wood-based material, Because it is thin and highly densified, it is a specific requirement for materials used for acoustic diaphragms, it is thin, has a high specific elastic modulus, has an appropriate sound propagation speed, Satisfies that the loss is high, the humidity is not denatured, and the durability is high.
以下、本発明の音響用振動板の実施の形態を、その製造方法と共に説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of an acoustic diaphragm according to the present invention will be described together with a manufacturing method thereof.
図３に、本発明の音響用振動板の製造方法の一実施例を示す。
この音響用振動板１は、木質系材料の流動成形技術を用いることにより、木質系材料が元来もつ繊維を分断することなく、相互の位置関係を変化させて成形されたものであり、合成樹脂を含浸させた木質系材料の切片からなる木質系素材Ｗを、上金型Ｄ１及び下金型Ｄ２からなる金型間で加圧することにより流動成形して、薄肉・高密度化されてなるものである。
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a method for manufacturing an acoustic diaphragm according to the present invention.
This acoustic diaphragm 1 is formed by changing the mutual positional relationship without breaking the fibers inherent in the wood-based material by using the flow molding technology of the wood-based material. A wood-based material W made of a piece of wood-based material impregnated with resin is fluid-molded by pressurizing it between molds consisting of an upper mold D1 and a lower mold D2, and is thinned and densified. Is.
ここで、木質系材料とは、リグニンとヘミセルロースとセルロースとを含有するリグノセルロース系材料を意味し、木本類のほか、草本類を用いることができる。具体的には、スギ、マツ、ブナ等の木本類（木材）やタケのほか、ケナフ、トウモロコシ、サトウキビ、麻、イグサ、イネ等の草本類を用いることができる。また、上記の材料を２種以上組み合わせて用いることもできる。 Here, the woody material means a lignocellulosic material containing lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose, and herbs can be used in addition to woody materials. Specifically, herbs such as kenaf, corn, sugar cane, hemp, rush and rice can be used in addition to wood (wood) and bamboo such as cedar, pine and beech. Also, two or more of the above materials can be used in combination.
また、木質系材料に含浸させる合成樹脂としては、木質系材料の流動性を向上させるとともに、木質系材料に対してバインダの機能を発揮する熱硬化性樹脂又は熱可塑性樹脂を用いることができる。 In addition, as the synthetic resin impregnated into the wood material, a thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin that improves the fluidity of the wood material and exhibits a binder function with respect to the wood material can be used.
このうち、熱硬化性樹脂としては、フェノール、エポキシ、不飽和ポリエステル、ユリア、メラミン、ジアリルフタレート、ケイ素、ビニルエステル、ポリイミド、ポリウレタン等の各種樹脂を用いることができる。 Among these, various resins such as phenol, epoxy, unsaturated polyester, urea, melamine, diallyl phthalate, silicon, vinyl ester, polyimide, and polyurethane can be used as the thermosetting resin.
また、熱可塑性樹脂としては、アクリル、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン、環状ポリオレフィン、ポリスチレン、フタル酸エステル等のエステル類、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ＡＢＳ、ＡＳ、ナイロン等のポリアミド、ポリアセタール、ポリカーボネート、変性ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリフェニレンスルファイド、ポリサルフォン、ポリエーテルサルフォン、非晶ポリアリレート、液晶ポリマー、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド等の各種樹脂を用いることができる。 In addition, thermoplastic resins include polyolefins such as acrylic, polyethylene and polypropylene, cyclic polyolefins, esters such as polystyrene and phthalates, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polytetrafluoroethylene, ABS, AS , Polyamide such as nylon, polyacetal, polycarbonate, modified polyphenylene ether, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, amorphous polyarylate, liquid crystal polymer, polyetheretherketone, polyimide, polyamideimide, etc. Various resins can be used.
上金型Ｄ１及び下金型Ｄ２からなる金型は、単軸プレス等のプレス機によって１００〜３００ＭＰａの圧力をかけることができるように構成され、この高負荷に耐え、かつ、木質系素材Ｗの流動性及び離型性を確保するために、例えば、合金工具鋼鋼材を用い、木質系素材Ｗが接する面を、製造する音響用振動板１の形状であるコーン形状に形成するとともに、表面処理を施して、平滑に仕上げたものを好適に用いることができる。 The mold composed of the upper mold D1 and the lower mold D2 is configured so that a pressure of 100 to 300 MPa can be applied by a press machine such as a single-axis press, and can withstand this high load, and the wooden material W In order to ensure fluidity and releasability, for example, an alloy tool steel material is used, and the surface in contact with the wood-based material W is formed into a cone shape which is the shape of the acoustic diaphragm 1 to be manufactured, and the surface What processed and finished smoothly can be used conveniently.
金型には、金型の加熱冷却ユニットＴを配設し、金型を外部から加熱（使用する合成樹脂に対応した温度、例えば、１００〜２５０℃。）や冷却を行うことによって、木質系材料に含浸させた合成樹脂の硬化や可塑化等を行うことができるようにしている。 The mold is provided with a mold heating / cooling unit T, and the mold is heated from the outside (temperature corresponding to the synthetic resin to be used, for example, 100 to 250 ° C.) or cooled. The synthetic resin impregnated in the material can be cured and plasticized.
以下、本発明の音響用振動板について、より具体的な実施例に基づいて説明する。
繊維方向をランダムにするため、木質系材料として、タケの試料（約８×２０×１５ｍｍ）並びにスギ、マツ及びブナの試料（約１５×１５×１５ｍｍ）を作製した。
この場合、繊維方向を制御するため、タケ（直径約４５ｍｍ）を輪切りにし、厚さ（繊維方向）約３ｍｍの輪状試料を用いることもできる。
なお、タケの試料は、外皮を取り除き、煮沸によりあく抜きを行った。
この試料に、水溶性フェノール樹脂（固形分濃度７．５％〜３０％。本実施例においては、１５％。）を減圧、加圧することによって含浸させ（樹脂含浸率１〜５０％）、３５℃以下で風乾により乾燥させることで、木質系素材Ｗとして調製した。
そして、木質系素材Ｗを、上金型Ｄ１及び下金型Ｄ２からなる金型間に設置し、金型を外部から加熱（本実施例においては、約１５０℃。）しながら、単軸プレスによって加圧（１００〜３００ＭＰａ。本実施例においては、約１５０ＭＰａ。）することにより流動成形して、薄肉・高密度化することにより、音響用振動板１を成形した。
Hereinafter, the acoustic diaphragm of the present invention will be described based on more specific examples.
In order to randomize the fiber direction, bamboo samples (about 8 × 20 × 15 mm) and cedar, pine and beech samples (about 15 × 15 × 15 mm) were prepared as woody materials.
In this case, in order to control the fiber direction, it is possible to cut a bamboo (diameter of about 45 mm) and use a ring-shaped sample having a thickness (fiber direction) of about 3 mm.
The bamboo samples were removed from the skin and boiled by boiling.
This sample was impregnated with a water-soluble phenol resin (solid content concentration: 7.5% to 30%. In this example, 15%) by reducing the pressure and pressurizing (resin impregnation rate: 1 to 50%), 35 It was prepared as a wood-based material W by being dried by air drying at a temperature not higher than ° C.
Then, the wood-based material W is placed between the upper die D1 and the lower die D2, and the die is heated from the outside (in the present embodiment, about 150 ° C.) while being uniaxially pressed. The acoustic diaphragm 1 was formed by fluid forming by pressurizing (100 to 300 MPa in the present embodiment, about 150 MPa in this example), and thinning and increasing the density.
表１及び表２に、成形された音響用振動板１の特性値を、図４に、成形された音響用振動板１の外観写真を、図５に、木質系材料としてタケを用いた場合の音響用振動板の組織写真を、それぞれ示す。 Table 1 and Table 2 show the characteristic values of the molded acoustic diaphragm 1, FIG. 4 shows an appearance photograph of the molded acoustic diaphragm 1, and FIG. 5 shows the case where bamboo is used as the wood-based material. The structure photographs of the acoustic diaphragm are shown.
成形された音響用振動板１は、木質系材料の流動成形技術を用いることにより、木質系材料が元来もつ繊維を分断することなく、相互の位置関係を変化させて成形されたものであり、薄肉・高密度化されてなること（厚さ：０．１〜１ｍｍ、好ましくは、０．２〜１ｍｍ、密度：１．３０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上、好ましくは、１．３５ｇ／ｃｍ３以上、より好ましくは、１．４０ｇ／ｃｍ３以上）から、音響用振動板に用いられる素材に要求される特定である、薄肉であること、比弾性率が高いこと（動的弾性率／密度：１．０×１０６Ｐａ／ｇ／ｃｍ３以上、好ましくは、２．０×１０６Ｐａ／ｇ／ｃｍ３以上、より好ましくは、３．０×１０６Ｐａ／ｇ／ｃｍ３以上）、適正な音の伝播速度を有すること（音の伝播速度：１０００〜８０００ｍ／ｓ）、内部損失が大きいこと（ｔａｎδ：０．０３以上、好ましくは、０．０４以上、より好ましくは、０．０５以上、０．１以下）、湿度変化等に対する変性がなく、耐久性が高いこと等を満たすものであることを確認した。 The formed acoustic diaphragm 1 is formed by changing the mutual positional relationship of the wood-based material by using the flow-forming technology of the wood-based material without dividing the fibers originally possessed by the wood-based material. , Thinned and densified (thickness: 0.1 to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 to 1 mm, density: 1.30 g / cm 3 or more, preferably 1.35 g / cm 3 or more, More preferably, from 1.40 g / cm 3 or more), it is specific that is required for a material used for an acoustic diaphragm, and it is thin and has a high specific modulus (dynamic modulus / density: 1 0.0 × 10 6 Pa / g / cm 3 or more, preferably 2.0 × 10 6 Pa / g / cm 3 or more, more preferably 3.0 × 10 6 Pa / g / cm 3 or more), proper Sound propagation speed (sound propagation speed: 1000-80 0 m / s), large internal loss (tan δ: 0.03 or more, preferably 0.04 or more, more preferably 0.05 or more, 0.1 or less), no degeneration with respect to humidity change, etc., durability It was confirmed that the product satisfies the high properties.
以上、本発明の音響用振動板について、その実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記実施の形態に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。 As described above, the acoustic diaphragm of the present invention has been described based on the embodiment thereof, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration described in the above embodiment, and may appropriately be included within the scope not departing from the gist thereof. The configuration can be changed.
本発明の音響用振動板は、木質系材料の流動成形技術を用い、音響用振動板に用いられる素材に要求される特性を備えた木質系材料からなる音響用振動板であり、音響機器のスピーカ等に用いられる音響用振動板の用途に好適に用いることができる。 The acoustic diaphragm of the present invention is an acoustic diaphragm made of a wood-based material having characteristics required for a material used for an acoustic diaphragm using a flow molding technology of a wood-based material. The present invention can be suitably used for an acoustic diaphragm used for a speaker or the like.
１ 音響用振動板
２ ボイスコイル
Ｄ１ 上金型（金型）
Ｄ２ 下金型（金型）
Ｔ 金型の加熱冷却ユニット
Ｗ 木質系素材（合成樹脂を含浸させた木質系材料の切片）
1 Acoustic diaphragm 2 Voice coil D1 Upper mold (mold)
D2 Lower mold (mold)
T Mold heating / cooling unit W Wood material (section of wood material impregnated with synthetic resin)
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| JP2013235161A JP6312122B2 (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | Acoustic diaphragm made of wood material |
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| JP2013235161A JP6312122B2 (en) | 2013-11-13 | 2013-11-13 | Acoustic diaphragm made of wood material |
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| JP6312122B2 true JP6312122B2 (en) | 2018-04-18 |
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Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS56162599A (en) * | 1980-05-20 | 1981-12-14 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Manufacture of diaphragm for speaker |
| JPS5831695A (en) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-02-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Diaphragm for speaker |
| JPS59106289U (en) * | 1983-01-06 | 1984-07-17 | 株式会社ケンウッド | speaker diaphragm |
| JPS6030300A (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-02-15 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Manufacture of fire retardant diaphragm |
| JP2002146195A (en) * | 2000-11-07 | 2002-05-22 | Fudow Co Ltd | Wood-based thermosetting resin molding material and method for molding the same |
| JP2005110064A (en) * | 2003-10-01 | 2005-04-21 | Okura Ind Co Ltd | Resin composition for molding speaker diaphragm and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP2007169612A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-07-05 | Japan Polypropylene Corp | Wood-based material-compounded resin composition |
| JP5104429B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2012-12-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | Manufacturing method of speaker diaphragm |
| JP5500541B2 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2014-05-21 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Method for producing molded body of plant material and molded body thereof |
| JP5327791B2 (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2013-10-30 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | Method for producing molded body of plant material and molded body obtained by the method |
| JP5656167B2 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2015-01-21 | 国立大学法人九州工業大学 | Bamboo fiber, method for producing the same, and method for producing a composite material using bamboo fiber |
| JP5653776B2 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2015-01-14 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | High performance speaker diaphragm and method for manufacturing speaker diaphragm |
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