JP6305164B2 - Tool holder and machine tool - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tool holding tool for holding a tool used in a machine tool such as a lathe and a machine tool including the tool holding tool.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when cutting is performed with a machine tool, a cutting fluid such as cutting oil or coolant is supplied to a processing region between a workpiece and a tool, particularly between a processing surface of the workpiece and a cutting edge of the tool. In particular, when a small-diameter hole is drilled in a work with a lathe, it is important to ensure that the cutting fluid reaches the machining area in order to discharge chips from the hole. Therefore, various cutting fluid supply devices have been conventionally devised.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a coolant nozzle is attached to a nut in a gripping mechanism including a collet attached to the inside of a holder body and a nut for fastening a tool by the collet. The inside of the coolant nozzle is sealed with a seal ring, and the coolant is supplied to the coolant nozzle through the coolant supply hole formed in the center of the holder body through the collet.

JP-A-7-051982 (page 3-4, FIG. 2)

  In the gripping mechanism of Patent Document 1, since a seal ring is arranged between the coolant nozzle and the tool to prevent liquid leakage, the coolant nozzle is set according to the outer diameter of the tool (blade), particularly the shank. There are problems that must be prepared.

  The present invention has a technical problem to solve such problems of the prior art, and it can be used even if the inner diameter tool or the outer diameter of the countersunk tool shank changes, and can be effectively cut into the machining area. An object is to provide a tool holder capable of supplying a fluid.

The present invention is a tool holding tool that is attached to a machine tool and holds a tool for processing a work material, and has a collet chuck for holding the tool, and a hollow portion, and the hollow portion A sleeve to which the collet chuck is attached; and a fixing nut for fixing the collet chuck. The fixing nut is fixed to the cutting fluid inlet provided on the outer surface and opened toward the machining area. A cutting fluid outlet formed on the front surface of the nut for ejecting the cutting fluid, and a cutting fluid passage for guiding the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid inlet to the cutting fluid outlet.

  According to the present invention, the nut for fixing the collet chuck to the sleeve is provided with the cutting fluid inlet, the cutting fluid outlet, and the cutting fluid passage for conducting the cutting fluid from the cutting fluid inlet to the cutting fluid outlet. Even if the outer diameter of the tool shank held by the holding tool changes, it is possible to effectively supply the cutting fluid to the machining area without interposing a special jig or replacing the tool holding tool. .

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool holder according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a front view of the tool holding tool shown in FIG. It is longitudinal direction sectional drawing which shows the modification of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure (1) for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the nut 36 shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a diagram (2) for explaining a manufacturing method of the nut 36 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a view (3) for explaining a manufacturing method of the nut 36 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 is a diagram (4) for explaining a manufacturing method of the nut 36 shown in FIG. 3. It is longitudinal direction sectional drawing of the tool holding tool by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic side view of a lathe as a machine tool that can use the tool holding tool of the present invention.

  A tool holder according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, it should be noted that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, but extends to the invention described in the claims and equivalents thereof.

FIG. 9 is a schematic side view of a lathe as a machine tool that can use the tool holding tool of the present invention.
The lathe 100 is a bed 102 serving as a base fixed to the floor surface, is fixed to the upper surface of one end of the bed 102, and supports a main shaft (not shown) so as to be rotatable about a horizontal rotation axis Os. On the upper surface of the bed 102, a spindle device 104 having a built-in drive motor (not shown) for rotating the spindle, a chuck 106 attached to the tip of the spindle of the spindle device 104 and fixing a workpiece W as a work material. A tool post 108 attached to the opposite side of the spindle device 104 is provided as a main component.

  On the upper surface of the tool rest 108, the tool holding tool 10 on which the tool T is mounted is attached. The tool rest 108 can reciprocate in the Z-axis direction parallel to the rotation axis Os and the X-axis direction which is a horizontal direction perpendicular to the rotation axis Os on the upper surface of the bed 102, and thereby the cutting edge of the tool T Is positioned with respect to the workpiece W. Further, FIG. 9 shows a situation where a deep hole H is drilled in the workpiece W.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool holder according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the tool holder shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 1 shows a cross section along the arrow I-I in FIG.

  The tool holder 10 includes a sleeve 12 having a hollow portion 12 a, a collet chuck 14 fitted to the front end side of the sleeve 12, and a nut 16 for fixing the collet chuck 14 to the sleeve 12. ing. The sleeve 12 is a cylindrical member having a hollow portion 12a. The sleeve 12 is formed on the outer peripheral surface on the front end side and is engaged with the inner screw 16a of the nut 16; and the rear end on the inner peripheral surface on the front end side. And a collet receiving portion 12c formed in a tapered shape that converges in the direction.

  The collet chuck 14 is a common six-part collet chuck that extends along the central axis O and fits into a tool receiving hole 14 a that receives the tool T and a collet receiving portion 12 c of the sleeve 12. And a fitting portion 14b formed in a tapered shape that converges in the rear end direction. The nut 16 has an inner screw 16 a that engages with the outer screw 12 b of the sleeve 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tool T, preferably a counterbore tool or a shank part of an inner diameter tool is inserted into a tool receiving hole 14 a of the collet chuck 14, and the fitting part 14 b of the collet chuck 14 is inserted into the sleeve 12. After fitting the collet receiving portion 12c, the tool T is fixed to the sleeve 12 by engaging the inner screw 16a of the nut 16 with the outer screw 12b of the sleeve 12 and tightening.

  The nut 16 is provided with a cutting fluid passage 18 for injecting and supplying cutting fluid to the machining area, and is formed, for example, of Quick Coupler (registered trademark), which forms an inlet of the cutting fluid passage 18 on the outer surface, preferably the side surface of the nut 16. Such a joint 22 is attached. The cutting fluid passage 18 includes a circumferential passage 18a extending in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of three orifices 20 in the example of FIG. 2 that communicate with the circumferential passage 18a and open to the front surface of the nut 16. . The orifice opening 21 forms the outlet of the cutting fluid passage. Thus, the coupling 22 is connected to a cutting fluid supply source (not shown) via a suitable hose (not shown), and the orifice opening is connected from the cutting fluid supply source via the hose, the coupling 22 and the cutting fluid passage 18. The cutting fluid can be jetted and supplied from the portion 21 to the machining area.

  In the present invention, the cutting fluid is an oily or aqueous liquid such as cutting oil or coolant, a gas such as air, nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide gas, or a gas containing mist-like cutting oil or coolant in such a gas. Includes liquid two-phase flow.

  According to the present embodiment, even if the tool T is changed, the joint 22 attached to the side surface of the nut 16, the cutting fluid passage 18 formed in the nut 16, and the orifice opening provided on the front surface facing the workpiece W Since the positional relationship of the cutting fluid outlet formed by 21 is not changed, even if the outer diameter of the shank of the tool T changes as the tool T is changed, a special jig is interposed or the tool holder 10 is replaced. Therefore, the cutting fluid can be effectively supplied between the processing region of the workpiece W, particularly between the processing surface of the workpiece W and the cutting edge of the tool T.

  FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the first embodiment. In FIG. 3, the sleeve is removed.

  In the example shown in FIG. 3, the cutting fluid passage 18 is closed by an annular member 24 disposed on the side surface of the nut 36, and an O-ring is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cutting fluid passage 18 and the annular member 24. A simple seal member 26 is provided.

  4-7 is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the nut 36 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 4, first, the circumferential groove 28 is formed by forming a groove extending in the circumferential direction from the side surface of the nut 36 shown in FIG. 3. Next, a shoulder 19 for arranging an O-ring as the seal member 26 is formed in the circumferential groove 28.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the cutting fluid is inclined from the front surface of the nut 36 toward the circumferential groove 28 at a predetermined angle α with respect to the central axis O so that the cutting fluid can be sprayed and supplied to the machining area. Thus, the orifice 20 is drilled.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the annular member 24 to which the joint 22 is attached is then attached to the outer peripheral surface of the nut 36 so as to contact the at least two seal members 26 on the inner peripheral surface thereof. The circumferential passage of the cutting fluid passage 18 is formed by the above manufacturing method. By allowing the annular member 24 to move (rotate) relative to the nut 36 around the central axis O, the rotational position of the joint 22 around the central axis O can be freely set, and the joint 22 is The hose connected to the cutting fluid supply source can be easily routed.

  FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tool holder according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, the sleeve is removed.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the same components as those of the tool holding tool in the first embodiment shown in FIG. In particular, the tool holder in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 8 includes a nut 46 having a plurality of orifices having different inclination angles with respect to the central axis of the nut.

  In the embodiment described above, the angle α of the plurality of orifices 20 with respect to the central axis O is constant, that is, the angle α has one value. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In the nut 46 of the tool holder according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8, the angles α and β with respect to the central axis O of the plurality of orifices 20a and 20b extending from the cutting fluid passage 18 are respectively set. Is different.

  For example, when a deep hole H (FIG. 9) is drilled in the workpiece W, it is necessary to project the tool T long from the front surface of the nut 16 as shown by a two-dot chain line, and the tool T is thin. In some cases, it is necessary to shorten the protruding amount of the tool T to prevent the tool T from vibrating. In such a case, when a plurality of orifices 20a and 20b having different angles α and β with respect to the central axis O are formed, the cutting fluid is ejected from each orifice at different angles according to the respective inclination angles. Therefore, it is possible to deal with deep hole machining with different depths and a plurality of tools with different shank outer diameters by one tool holding tool 10.

  It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the joint 22 that forms the cutting fluid inlet is attached to the side surface of the nuts 16, 36, 46. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the joint 22 includes the nuts 16, 36, 46 can be attached to any suitable location on the outer surface. Further, it is not necessary to form the cutting fluid inlet by the joint 22, and the cutting fluid inlet is formed by a hole provided on the outer surface, preferably the side surface of the nut 16, 36, 46, and a hose or a tube is fitted into the hole. May be. Furthermore, you may form the internal screw for fixing a hose or a tube to this hole.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Tool holding tool 12 Sleeve 12a Hollow part 12b External screw 12c Collet receiving part 14 Collet chuck 14a Tool receiving hole 14b Fitting part 16 Nut 16a Inner screw 18 Cutting fluid passage 18a Circumferential passage 19 Shoulder 20 Orifice 20a Orifice 20b Orifice 21 Orifice opening 22 Joint 24 Annular member 26 Seal member 28 Circumferential groove 36 Nut 46 Nut 100 Lathe 102 Bed 104 Spindle device 106 Chuck 108 Tool post

Claims (5)

A tool holding tool that is attached to a machine tool and holds a tool for processing a work material,
A collet chuck for holding the tool;
A sleeve having a hollow portion, and the collet chuck is attached to the hollow portion;
A fixing nut for fixing the collet chuck,
The fixing nut includes a cutting fluid inlet provided on an outer surface, a cutting fluid outlet formed on a front surface of the fixing nut so as to open toward the machining region, and a cutting fluid jet, and the cutting fluid inlet. A cutting fluid passage for guiding cutting fluid to the cutting fluid outlet;
A tool holding tool characterized by comprising: The cutting fluid passage includes a circumferential groove formed on a side surface of the fixing nut,
The front circumferential groove is closed by an annular member attached to a side surface of the fixing nut, a seal member is disposed between the annular member and the nut, and the annular member is rotatable with respect to the nut. The tool holder according to claim 1.   The fixing nut has a plurality of the cutting fluid outlets, and the cutting fluid passages connected to the cutting fluid outlets each have an injection angle of the cutting fluid with respect to a central axis of the fixing nut. The tool holding tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tool holding tool is formed to have different inclination angles.   The tool holding tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cutting fluid inlet is formed by a joint attached to an outer surface of the fixing nut. A workpiece is fixed to the tip of the main shaft, the main shaft is rotated about its rotation axis, a cutting blade of a tool is pressed against the workpiece, and the workpiece and the tool are moved relative to each other to cut the workpiece. In machine tools,
A base bed fixed to the floor;
A spindle device fixed to the upper surface of one end of the bed and supporting the spindle rotatably about the rotation axis;
A turret mounted on the upper surface of the bed on the opposite side of the spindle device so as to be reciprocable in the Z-axis direction parallel to the rotation axis;
The machine tool which attached the tool holding tool as described in any one of Claims 1-4 to the said tool post.

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