JP6300066B2 - Panel parts joining method - Google Patents

Panel parts joining method Download PDF

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JP6300066B2
JP6300066B2 JP2013246119A JP2013246119A JP6300066B2 JP 6300066 B2 JP6300066 B2 JP 6300066B2 JP 2013246119 A JP2013246119 A JP 2013246119A JP 2013246119 A JP2013246119 A JP 2013246119A JP 6300066 B2 JP6300066 B2 JP 6300066B2
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panel
edge
panel component
friction stir
joining
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JP2015100846A (en
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健太郎 小針
健太郎 小針
重暁 安池
重暁 安池
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Suzuki Motor Co Ltd
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Suzuki Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2013246119A priority Critical patent/JP6300066B2/en
Priority to DE102014117456.9A priority patent/DE102014117456A1/en
Priority to CN201410705655.9A priority patent/CN104668380B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1265—Non-butt welded joints, e.g. overlap-joints, T-joints or spot welds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/02—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder
    • B21D39/021—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder for panels, e.g. vehicle doors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Description

本発明は、パネル部品の接合方法に関し、詳しくは、パネル部品の縁部同士を接合するパネル部品の接合方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for joining panel components, and more particularly, to a method for joining panel components in which edges of the panel components are joined together.

自動車のドアやフード（ボンネット）などを構成するアウタパネルおよびインナパネルのような２枚のパネル部品を接合する方法として、いわゆる、ヘム接合する方法が知られている。この方法は、図９に示すように、アウタパネル１１０の縁部１１１の先端側部分をインナパネル１２０の縁部１２１より突出させて両縁部１１１，１２１同士を重ね合せ、次いで、アウタパネル１１０の縁部１１１の先端側部分を折り返し、この折り返し部１１２によりインナパネル１２０の縁部１２１を挟み込み、これらの縁部１１１，１２１同士を接合するもので、外観品質に優れている。しかしながら、このような接合方法では、ヘム接合は単にインナパネル１２０の縁部１２１を挟み込むだけの構造であったため、アウタパネル１１０とインナパネル１２０の接合強度は低かった。そのため、接合強度を向上させる目的で、接着剤を併用したり、あるいは、ヘム接合後に、スポット溶接やレーザー溶接を併用することもあった。しかし、アウタパネル１１０とインナパネル１２０のヘム接合に際してスポット溶接を併用すると、溶接の打痕により外観品質が低下する不具合があった。これを避けるために、溶接電極の表面状態の管理を頻繁に行う必要があった。しかも、とくに、アウタパネル１１０とインナパネル１２０の材質（例えば鉄とアルミ）が異なる場合にスポット溶接を適用した場合には、溶接時に生じる熱がパネル１１０，１２０を大きく歪ませるため、後工程で歪の矯正が必要となった。さらには、この場合、パネル１１０，１２０の熱膨張率も異なるため、ヘム接合後に実施される塗装の焼き付け工程の際には、熱変形を生じてパネル１１０，１２０同士がずれる問題が生じた。このような問題を解消するために、パネル部品をヘム接合したあと、摩擦撹拌接合を施すことが従来より提案されていた。
特許文献１には、インナパネルとアウタパネルをヘム接合した後に、これらの縁部同士を摩擦撹拌接合する方法が開示されている。
また、特許文献２には、一方のパネルの端部で他方のパネルの端部を巻締めしてヘム加工する技術が開示されている。 A so-called hem joining method is known as a method of joining two panel parts such as an outer panel and an inner panel constituting a door or a hood (bonnet) of an automobile. In this method, as shown in FIG. 9, the front end side portion of the edge portion 111 of the outer panel 110 is protruded from the edge portion 121 of the inner panel 120 so that both the edge portions 111 and 121 overlap each other. The front end side portion of the portion 111 is folded back, the edge portion 121 of the inner panel 120 is sandwiched by the folded portion 112, and the edge portions 111 and 121 are joined to each other, and the appearance quality is excellent. However, in such a joining method, the hem joining has a structure in which the edge 121 of the inner panel 120 is simply sandwiched, and thus the joining strength between the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 120 is low. For this reason, in order to improve the bonding strength, an adhesive may be used in combination, or spot welding or laser welding may be used in combination after hem bonding. However, when spot welding is used together when the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 120 are joined to each other, there is a problem in that the appearance quality is deteriorated due to the dent of welding. In order to avoid this, it was necessary to frequently manage the surface state of the welding electrode. Moreover, in particular, when spot welding is applied when the materials of the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 120 are different (for example, iron and aluminum), the heat generated during the welding greatly distorts the panels 110 and 120, so that distortion occurs in the subsequent process. It became necessary to correct. Furthermore, in this case, since the thermal expansion coefficients of the panels 110 and 120 are also different, there is a problem that the panels 110 and 120 are displaced from each other during the baking process of the coating performed after the hem bonding. In order to solve such problems, it has been conventionally proposed to perform friction stir welding after panel parts are heme-joined.
Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which the inner panel and the outer panel are joined together by hem joining, and then these edges are friction stir joined.
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for hem processing by winding an end portion of the other panel at an end portion of one panel.

特開２００４−３４５５００号公報JP 2004-345500 A 特開２００８−１０５０８３号公報JP 2008-105083 A

特許文献１に記載のヘム接合方法では、インナパネル１２０の縁部１２１をアウタパネル１１０の縁部１１１の折り返し部１１２で挟んでヘム接合した後に、インナパネル１２０の縁部１２１の折り返し部１１２（図１０および図１１参照）上から図示しない摩擦撹拌接合用の工具を回転させながら挿入して摩擦撹拌接合するようにしている。しかしながら、このような方法では、上記工具の抜き跡１３０である穴部１３１や、該穴部の周囲に鋭利なバリ１３２（図１０および図１１参照）や、上記工具の回転プローブの穿孔跡１３３が発生した。このような穴部１３１やバリ１３２や穿孔跡１３３は外観上見えてしまうため、通常のヘム接合に比べて外観品質がかなり低くなった。したがって、このような場合には、少なくともバリ１３２を後加工で取り除く必要があった。
また、特許文献１に記載されている方法では、アウタパネル１１０とインナパネル１２０の材質が異なる場合には、摩擦撹拌接合で用いた工具の抜き跡に異種金属界面１４０（図１１参照）が露出し、ここを起点として異種金属接触腐食が発生する欠点があった。このため、使用中に接合強度や外観品質が著しく低下する問題が生じた。
さらに、特許文献１に記載されている方法では、アウタパネルとインナパネルが固定されていない状態でヘム接合が行われるため、アウタパネルを折り曲げる際におけるアウタパネルとインナパネルの位置合わせが容易でなく、アウタパネルとインナパネルが僅かにずれてしまう欠点があった。 In the hem joining method described in Patent Document 1, the edge portion 121 of the inner panel 120 is sandwiched by the folded portion 112 of the edge portion 111 of the outer panel 110 and hem-joined, and then the folded portion 112 of the edge portion 121 of the inner panel 120 (see FIG. 10 and FIG. 11) From above, a friction stir welding tool (not shown) is inserted while being rotated to perform friction stir welding. However, in such a method, the hole 131 which is the trace 130 of the tool, the sharp burr 132 (see FIGS. 10 and 11) around the hole, or the drill mark 133 of the rotary probe of the tool is used. There has occurred. Since such holes 131, burrs 132, and perforation marks 133 are visible on the outside, the quality of the appearance is considerably lower than that of ordinary hem bonding. Therefore, in such a case, it is necessary to remove at least the burr 132 by post-processing.
Further, in the method described in Patent Document 1, when the materials of the outer panel 110 and the inner panel 120 are different, the dissimilar metal interface 140 (see FIG. 11) is exposed at the trace of the tool used in the friction stir welding. From this point of view, there was a drawback that the contact corrosion of different metals occurred. For this reason, the problem that joining strength and appearance quality fall remarkably during use has arisen.
Furthermore, in the method described in Patent Document 1, since the hem joining is performed in a state where the outer panel and the inner panel are not fixed, it is not easy to align the outer panel and the inner panel when the outer panel is bent. There was a drawback that the inner panel shifted slightly.

他方、特許文献２に記載のヘム接合方法には、アウタパネルの縁部でインナパネルの縁部を巻締めすることにより、両縁部を接合する方法が開示されている。このような方法をパネル部品のヘム接合に適用した場合には、アウタパネルの縁部における巻締めされた範囲（第一形状）と巻締めされていない範囲（第二形状）との間でヘム接合部にかかる応力が不均一となり、アウタパネルの外観品質を損ねる歪が生じる不具合があった。   On the other hand, the hem joining method described in Patent Document 2 discloses a method of joining both edges by tightening the edge of the inner panel at the edge of the outer panel. When such a method is applied to hem bonding of panel parts, hem bonding is performed between a range of the outer panel edge that is tightened (first shape) and a range that is not tightened (second shape). There is a problem that the stress applied to the portion becomes non-uniform, and distortion that impairs the appearance quality of the outer panel occurs.

本発明はこのような実状に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、パネル部品の接合において、外観品質を損ねることなく、溶接による歪の矯正、または摩擦撹拌接合によって生じるバリの除去といった後工程を行う必要が無く、しかも、パネル部品の間でずれが発生せず、外観品質や耐食性を損ねることなく、パネル部品同士の接合強度を向上させることができるパネル部品の接合方法を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the purpose thereof is to correct distortion by welding or remove burrs generated by friction stir welding without deteriorating the appearance quality in joining panel parts. Provided is a panel component joining method that does not require a post-process and that does not cause a shift between the panel components and can improve the bonding strength between the panel components without deteriorating appearance quality and corrosion resistance. There is.

本発明では、上記課題を解決するため、第１のパネル部品の縁部の先端側部分を第２のパネル部品の縁部より突出させて両縁部同志を重ね合わせる第１の工程と、上記第２のパネル部品側から回転する工具を挿入して上記両縁部を摩擦撹拌接合する第２の工程と、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の先端側部分を折り返し、この折り返し部により上記第２のパネル部品の縁部を挟み込み、該折り返し部に、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記第２のパネル部品の縁部上に生じたバリを食い込ませ、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部と上記第２のパネル部品の縁部をヘム接合する第３の工程とを含むことを特徴とするパネル部品の接合方法が提供される。
本発明では、上記工具の回転中心の位置を、上記工具の直径をＲとし、上記第２のパネル部品の板厚をｔとし、上記第２のパネル部品の端面から上記工具の回転中心までの距離をＬとした場合において、Ｌ≧（Ｒ／２＋ｔ）の関係を満たすように設定することが好適である。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部の端面を、上記工具の抜き跡よりもパネル部品中央側に位置させることが好適である。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部を、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記第２のパネル部品の縁部上に生じたバリに接触させることが好適である。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部と上記第２のパネル部品の縁部の間に接着剤を塗布することが好適である。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品と上記第２のパネル部品は異種材料であることが好適である。
本発明では、上記第２のパネル部品を、上記第１のパネル部品より硬い材料で形成することが好適である。 In the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first step of projecting the tip side portion of the edge portion of the first panel component from the edge portion of the second panel component and overlapping the both edge portions, A second step of inserting a rotating tool from the second panel component side and friction stir welding the both edges; and folding the tip side portion of the edge of the first panel component; The edge of the second panel part is sandwiched, and the burr generated on the edge of the second panel part by the friction stir welding is bitten into the folded part, and the edge of the first panel part and the first part And a third step of hem-joining edges of the two panel parts. A method for joining panel parts is provided.
In the present invention, the position of the rotation center of the tool is R, the diameter of the tool is R, the plate thickness of the second panel component is t, and the end surface of the second panel component to the rotation center of the tool. When the distance is L, it is preferable to set so as to satisfy the relationship of L ≧ (R / 2 + t).
In the present invention, it is preferable that the end surface of the folded portion of the edge portion of the first panel component is positioned closer to the center side of the panel component than the trace of the tool.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the folded portion of the edge of the first panel component is brought into contact with the burr generated on the edge of the second panel component by friction stir welding.
In the present invention, it is preferable to apply an adhesive between the edge of the first panel component and the edge of the second panel component.
In the present invention, the first panel component and the second panel component are preferably made of different materials.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the second panel component is formed of a material harder than the first panel component.

本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法では、第１のパネル部品と第２のパネル部品の縁部同士を重ね合わせ、これら両縁部を摩擦撹拌接合した後、第１のパネル部品の折り返し部で第２のパネル部品の縁部を挟み込んで上記両縁部同士をヘム接合するようにしたことから、従来のヘム接合のみのときと比べて摩擦撹拌接合した分、パネル部品の縁部同士をより強固に接合することができる。このため、ヘム接合において、上記第１のパネル部品を折り曲げる際に、上記第１のパネル部品と上記第２のパネル部品の位置合わせが容易になる。これにより、ヘム接合後においては、第１のパネル部品と第２のパネル部品との間で僅かなずれも生じず、精度の良い部品が得られる。しかも、溶接に比べて摩擦撹拌接合は発熱量が小さいため、摩擦撹拌接合とヘム接合を併用しても、ヘム接合後に生じる歪が小さい。したがって、該歪を矯正する後工程作業の必要もなくなる。さらに、ヘム接合に加えて摩擦撹拌接合をしたことで、パネル部品の接合強度が高くなったため、ヘム接合後に実施される焼き付き工程で熱変形が生じても、パネル部品同士がずれたりすることが無くなる。加えて、ヘム接合時に摩擦撹拌接合部とその近傍で第２のパネル部品の折り返し部にかかる応力はほぼ均一であるため、特許文献１で指摘されるような外観上の品質低下を防ぐことができる。
本発明では、摩擦撹拌接合で用いる工具の回転中心の位置を、上記工具の直径をＲとし、上記第２のパネル部品の板厚をｔとし、上記第２のパネル部品の端から上記工具の回転中心までの距離をＬとした場合において、Ｌ≧（Ｒ／２＋ｔ）の関係を満たすように設定するようにしているので、摩擦撹拌接合の際に、上記工具から第２のパネル部品に大きな負荷がかかっても、該第２のパネル部品の縁部が大きく外側へずれたり変形したりすることがなくなり、健全な摩擦撹拌接合を行うことができる。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部の端面を、摩擦撹拌接合跡よりもパネル部品中央側に位置するようにしたので、摩擦撹拌接合跡を上記第１のパネル部品の折返し部で確実に覆い隠すことができるため、外側から接合跡が見えない良好な外観状態を得ることができる。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部を、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記第２のパネル部品の縁部上に生じたバリに接触させるようにすれば、このバリが上記折り返し部に食い込むので、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部が上記第２のパネル部品の縁部からずれたりせず、パネル部品同士の接合をより確実にすることができる。
本発明では、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部と上記第２のパネル部品の縁部の間に接着剤を塗布するようにすれば、パネル部品同士の接合ひいてはヘム接合の強度を高めることができるとともに、パネル部品間の接着剤により、パネル部品間に雨水等の液体が侵入したりすることを防ぐことができ、高い耐食性を得ることができる。
本発明は、上記第１のパネル部品と上記第２のパネル部品を異種材料とした場合に特に有用であり、このような場合でも上記と同様な効果を得ることができる上に、さらに次のような効果を得ることができる。すなわち、摩擦撹拌接合で用いる工具の抜き跡に生じる異種材料界面は上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部で塞がれるので、雨水などの腐食の要因となる液体が付着せず、異種金属接触腐食による接合強度低下や外観品質の低下を防止することができる。
本発明では、上記第２のパネル部品を、上記第１のパネル部品より硬い材料で形成した場合にとくに効果的であり、この場合には、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記第２のパネル部品の縁部上に生じたバリを、上記第１のパネル部品の折り返し部に確実に食い込ませることができるので、パネル部品同士の接合をより強固に確実にすることができる。 In the panel component joining method according to the present invention, the edges of the first panel component and the second panel component are overlapped with each other, the two edges are friction stir welded, and then the folded portion of the first panel component is used. Since the edges of the second panel component are sandwiched between the two edges, the edges of the panel components are more closely coupled with each other than the conventional hem connection. It can be firmly joined. For this reason, when the first panel component is bent in the hem bonding, the first panel component and the second panel component can be easily aligned. Thereby, after hem joining, a slight shift does not occur between the first panel component and the second panel component, and a highly accurate component is obtained. In addition, since friction stir welding has a smaller amount of heat generation than welding, even when friction stir welding and hem bonding are used in combination, distortion generated after heme bonding is small. Therefore, there is no need for post-processing work to correct the distortion. Furthermore, because the joint strength of the panel parts has increased due to the friction stir welding in addition to the hem joining, the panel parts may be displaced even if thermal deformation occurs in the seizure process performed after the hem joining. Disappear. In addition, since the stress applied to the friction stir welded portion and the folded portion of the second panel component in the vicinity thereof at the time of hem joining is substantially uniform, it is possible to prevent the appearance quality deterioration as pointed out in Patent Document 1. it can.
In the present invention, the position of the rotation center of the tool used in the friction stir welding is set such that the diameter of the tool is R, the plate thickness of the second panel part is t, and the tool is moved from the end of the second panel part. When the distance to the center of rotation is L, it is set so as to satisfy the relationship of L ≧ (R / 2 + t). Therefore, when the friction stir welding is performed, the tool is greatly increased from the tool to the second panel component. Even when a load is applied, the edge of the second panel part is not greatly displaced or deformed to the outside, and sound friction stir welding can be performed.
In the present invention, since the end face of the folded portion of the edge of the first panel component is positioned closer to the panel component center side than the friction stir welding trace, the friction stir welding trace of the first panel component is Since it can be reliably covered with the folded portion, a good appearance state in which no joint trace is visible from the outside can be obtained.
In the present invention, if the folded portion at the edge of the first panel component is brought into contact with the burr generated on the edge of the second panel component by friction stir welding, the burr is formed into the folded portion. Therefore, the folded-back portion of the edge of the first panel component does not shift from the edge of the second panel component, and the panel components can be more reliably joined to each other.
In the present invention, if an adhesive is applied between the edge of the first panel component and the edge of the second panel component, the bonding between the panel components and thus the strength of the hem bonding can be increased. In addition, the adhesive between the panel parts can prevent liquid such as rainwater from entering between the panel parts, and high corrosion resistance can be obtained.
The present invention is particularly useful when the first panel component and the second panel component are made of different materials. Even in such a case, the same effects as described above can be obtained, and further, Such effects can be obtained. That is, since the interface between the different materials generated in the trace of the tool used in the friction stir welding is blocked by the folded portion of the edge of the first panel component, liquid that causes corrosion such as rainwater does not adhere to the interface. It is possible to prevent deterioration in bonding strength and appearance quality due to metal contact corrosion.
The present invention is particularly effective when the second panel part is formed of a material harder than the first panel part. In this case, the edge of the second panel part is formed by friction stir welding. Since the burr | flash produced above can be made to bite into the folding | returning part of a said 1st panel component reliably, joining of panel components can be ensured more firmly.

本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示すもので、アウタパネルとインナパネルを摩擦撹拌接合している様子を示す断面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a method for joining panel parts according to the present invention, and showing a state where an outer panel and an inner panel are friction stir welded. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示すもので、摩擦撹拌接合後に、アウタパネルの縁部とインナパネルの縁部をヘム接合した様子を示す断面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a method for joining panel parts according to the present invention and showing a state in which an edge of an outer panel and an edge of an inner panel are heme-joined after friction stir welding. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示すもので、摩擦撹拌接合後に、アウタパネルの縁部とインナパネルの縁部をヘム接合した様子の要部を拡大して示す断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a method for joining panel parts according to the present invention, and is an enlarged view showing a main part of a state in which an edge of an outer panel and an edge of an inner panel are hem-joined after friction stir welding. . 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示し、アウタパネルの縁部の先端側部分をインナパネルの縁部から突出させて両縁部を重ね合わせた様子を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the joining method of the panel components which concerns on this invention, and shows a mode that the front end side part of the edge part of the outer panel protruded from the edge part of an inner panel, and the both edge parts were piled up. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示し、摩擦撹拌接合後にアウタパネルの縁部の折り返し部によりインナパネルの縁部を挟み込んでヘム接合した様子を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the joining method of the panel components which concerns on this invention, and shows a mode that the edge part of the inner panel was inserted | pinched by the folding | turning part of the edge part of an outer panel after friction stir welding, and heme joining was carried out. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示し、とくに、アウタパネルとインナパネルとの間に接着剤を塗布する場合を示すもので、（ａ）はアウタパネルの縁部にインナパネルの縁部を重ね合わせる前に両縁部間に接着剤を塗布した様子を示す断面図、（ｂ）は摩擦撹拌接合前に接着剤によりアウタパネルの縁部にインナパネルの縁部が固定されている様子を示す断面図、（ｃ）はアウタパネルの縁部とインナパネルの縁部を摩擦撹拌接合した後にヘム接合した様子を示す断面図である。1 shows an embodiment of a method for joining panel parts according to the present invention, and particularly shows a case where an adhesive is applied between an outer panel and an inner panel, and (a) shows an edge of the inner panel at an edge of the outer panel. Sectional drawing which shows a mode that the adhesive agent was apply | coated between both edge parts before overlapping a part, (b) is a mode that the edge part of the inner panel is being fixed to the edge part of the outer panel by the adhesive agent before friction stir welding (C) is sectional drawing which shows a mode that hemm joining was carried out after carrying out friction stir welding of the edge part of an outer panel, and the edge part of an inner panel. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の一実施形態を示し、とくに摩擦撹拌接合が適用される箇所の一例を示し、（ａ）はドアの場合を示す概念図、（ｂ）はフードの場合を示す概念図である。1 shows an embodiment of a method for joining panel parts according to the present invention, in particular an example of a place where friction stir welding is applied, (a) a conceptual diagram showing the case of a door, and (b) a case of a hood. FIG. 本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の他の実施形態を示すもので、摩擦撹拌接合を帯状に行った場合の例を示す斜視図である。The other embodiment of the joining method of the panel components which concerns on this invention is shown, and it is a perspective view which shows the example at the time of performing friction stir welding in strip | belt shape. 従来のパネル部品の接合方法を示すもので、ヘム接合前の様子を示す斜視図である。It is the perspective view which shows the conventional joining method of panel components, and shows the mode before hem joining. 従来のパネル部品の接合方法を示すもので、ヘム接合後に摩擦撹拌接合を施した様子を示す斜視図である。FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a conventional method for joining panel parts, showing a state in which friction stir welding is performed after hem joining. 従来のパネル部品の接合方法を示すもので、摩擦撹拌接合を行った後にバリが外側に露出している様子を示す斜視図である。FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a conventional method for joining panel parts, showing a state in which burrs are exposed to the outside after performing friction stir welding.

以下、本発明に係るパネル部品の接合方法の実施の形態について、図１〜図８を参照しながら詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of a method for joining panel components according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

本実施形態に係るパネル部品の接合方法では、アウタパネル（第１のパネル部品）１０の縁部１１の先端側部分をインナパネル（第２のパネル部品）２０の縁部２１より突出させて両縁部１１，２１同士を重ね合わせ、この状態で、摩擦撹拌接合用の工具３０を回転させながらインナパネル２０の縁部２１上から挿入して、該工具３０の下端から突設された回転プローブ３１をインナパネル２０側から両縁部１１，２１にアウタパネル１０に達するまで食い込ませて両縁部１１，２１を摩擦撹拌接合する（図１参照）、しかる後、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１の先端側部を折り返し、この折り返し部１２によりインナパネル２０の縁部２１を挟み込み、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１とインナパネル２０の縁部２１同士をヘム接合するようにしている（図２および図３参照）。このような接合方法により、従来のヘム接合のみのときと比べて摩擦撹拌接合した分、アウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０の縁部１１，２１同士は強固に接合される。このため、ヘム接合において、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１を折り曲げる際に、該アウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０の位置合わせが容易になる。これにより、ヘム接合後においては、アウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０との間で僅かなずれも生じず、精度の良い部品が得られる。しかも、溶接に比べて摩擦撹拌接合は発熱量が小さいため、摩擦撹拌接合とヘム接合を併用しても、ヘム接合後に生じる歪が小さい。したがって、該歪を矯正する後工程作業の必要もなくなる。さらに、ヘム接合に加えて摩擦撹拌接合をしたことで、パネル部品の接合強度が高くなったため、ヘム接合後に実施される焼き付き工程で熱変形が生じても、パネル部品同士がずれたりすることが無くなる。加えて、摩擦撹拌接合部とその近傍でヘム接合部にかかる応力はほぼ均一であるため、外観上の品質が良好である。   In the panel component joining method according to the present embodiment, the front end side portion of the edge portion 11 of the outer panel (first panel component) 10 is protruded from the edge portion 21 of the inner panel (second panel component) 20 so that both edges are aligned. In this state, the rotary probe 31 is inserted from the edge 21 of the inner panel 20 while projecting from the lower end of the tool 30 while the friction stir welding tool 30 is rotated. From the inner panel 20 side to both edge portions 11 and 21 until reaching the outer panel 10, and both edge portions 11 and 21 are friction stir welded (see FIG. 1). The edge portion 21 of the inner panel 20 is sandwiched by the folded portion 12 so that the edge portion 11 of the outer panel 10 and the edge portion 21 of the inner panel 20 are hem-joined. Are (see FIGS. 2 and 3). By such a joining method, the edge portions 11 and 21 of the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 20 are firmly joined to each other by the amount corresponding to the friction stir welding as compared with the conventional hem joining alone. For this reason, when the edge portion 11 of the outer panel 10 is bent in the hem joint, the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 20 can be easily aligned. Thereby, after hem joining, a slight shift does not occur between the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 20, and an accurate part can be obtained. In addition, since friction stir welding has a smaller amount of heat generation than welding, even when friction stir welding and hem bonding are used in combination, distortion generated after heme bonding is small. Therefore, there is no need for post-processing work to correct the distortion. Furthermore, because the joint strength of the panel parts has increased due to the friction stir welding in addition to the hem joining, the panel parts may be displaced even if thermal deformation occurs in the seizure process performed after the hem joining. Disappear. In addition, since the stress applied to the hem joint at and near the friction stir joint is substantially uniform, the quality in appearance is good.

さらに本実施形態では、摩擦撹拌接合に使用する工具３０の回転中心の位置は、該工具３０の直径をＲとし、インナパネル２０の板厚をｔとし、インナパネル２０の端面２２から工具３０の回転中心までの距離をＬとした場合において、Ｌ≧（Ｒ／２＋ｔ）の関係を満たすように設定される（図１および図２参照）。これにより、摩擦撹拌接合の際に、工具３０からインナパネル２０に大きな負荷がかかっても、該インナパネル２０の端面２２が大きく外側へずれたり変形したりすることがなくなり、健全な摩擦撹拌接合を行うことができる。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the position of the rotation center of the tool 30 used for friction stir welding is set such that the diameter of the tool 30 is R, the thickness of the inner panel 20 is t, and the end face 22 of the tool 30 is from the end face 22 of the inner panel 20. When the distance to the center of rotation is L, it is set so as to satisfy the relationship L ≧ (R / 2 + t) (see FIGS. 1 and 2). As a result, even when a large load is applied to the inner panel 20 from the tool 30 during the friction stir welding, the end face 22 of the inner panel 20 is not greatly displaced or deformed to the outside. It can be performed.

すでに従来技術でも説明したように、本実施形態においても摩擦撹拌接合に際して工具３０の抜き跡４０が形成される（図４および図５参照）。すなわち、本実施形態では、図２〜図４に示すように、インナパネル２０の縁部２１上に、工具３０の抜き跡４０である穴部４１、バリ４２、回転プローブ穿孔跡４３が形成され、外部に露呈される。そこで、本実施形態では、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１の折り返し部１２の端面１３を、インナパネル２０の縁部２１上の抜き跡４０よりもパネル部品中央側Ａに位置するようにしたので（図２参照）、抜き跡４０（図３参照）をアウタパネル１０の折返し部１２で確実に覆い隠すことができ、外側からこの抜き跡４０が見えない良好な外観状態を得ることができる。   As already described in the prior art, the trace 40 of the tool 30 is also formed in the friction stir welding in this embodiment (see FIGS. 4 and 5). That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a hole 41, a burr 42, and a rotary probe perforation mark 43 that are traces 40 of the tool 30 are formed on the edge 21 of the inner panel 20. , Exposed to the outside. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the end surface 13 of the folded portion 12 of the edge portion 11 of the outer panel 10 is positioned closer to the panel component center side A than the trace 40 on the edge portion 21 of the inner panel 20 (see FIG. 2), the trace 40 (see FIG. 3) can be reliably covered with the folded-back portion 12 of the outer panel 10, and a good appearance state in which the trace 40 cannot be seen from the outside can be obtained.

さらにまた、本実施形態では、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１の折り返し部１２が、摩擦撹拌接合によってインナパネル２０の縁部２１上に生じたバリ４２（好ましくは、ナリ４２すべて）に接触し、これらのバリ４２がアウタパネル１０の折り返し部１２に食い込むようにしている（図２〜図５参照）。これにより、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１の折り返し部１２がインナパネル２０の縁部２１からずれたりしなくなるので、パネル１０，２０同士の接合をより強固に確実にすることができる。   Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the folded portion 12 of the edge 11 of the outer panel 10 contacts the burr 42 (preferably all of the threads 42) formed on the edge 21 of the inner panel 20 by friction stir welding. Burrs 42 bite into the folded portion 12 of the outer panel 10 (see FIGS. 2 to 5). Thereby, since the folding | returning part 12 of the edge part 11 of the outer panel 10 does not shift | deviate from the edge part 21 of the inner panel 20, joining of panels 10 and 20 can be ensured more firmly.

また、本実施形態では、アウタパネル１０の縁部１１にインナパネル２０の縁部２１を重ねるに際して、両縁部１１，２１間に接着剤５０を塗布するようにすれば（図６参照）、パネル１０，２０同士の接合ひいてはヘム接合の強度を高めることができるとともに、この接着剤５０により、パネル１０，２０間に雨水等の液体が侵入したりすることを防ぐことができ、高い耐食性を得ることができる。図６（ａ）はアウタパネルの縁部にインナパネル２０の縁部を重ね合わせる前に両縁部間に接着剤５０を塗布した様子を示し、（ｂ）は摩擦撹拌接合前に接着剤５０によりアウタパネル１０の縁部１１にインナパネル２０の縁部２１が固定されている様子を示し、（ｃ）は摩擦撹拌接合後にヘム接合した様子を示している。   In this embodiment, when the edge 21 of the inner panel 20 is overlapped with the edge 11 of the outer panel 10, the adhesive 50 is applied between the edges 11 and 21 (see FIG. 6). Bonding between 10 and 20 and thus the strength of hem bonding can be enhanced, and the adhesive 50 can prevent liquid such as rainwater from entering between the panels 10 and 20, thereby obtaining high corrosion resistance. be able to. FIG. 6A shows a state in which the adhesive 50 is applied between the edges of the outer panel before the edge of the inner panel 20 is overlapped with the edge of the outer panel, and FIG. 6B shows the adhesive 50 before the friction stir welding. The state where the edge portion 21 of the inner panel 20 is fixed to the edge portion 11 of the outer panel 10 is shown, and (c) shows the state where the hem is joined after the friction stir welding.

なお、本発明はパネル部品が異種材料のものである場合にも最適であり、例えば、インナパネル２０を炭素繊維強化樹脂で形成した場合でも、ヘム接合後はアウタパネル１０の縁部１１の折り返し部１２によって上記したような摩擦撹拌接合における抜き跡４０のバリ４２等が覆われ、外部から見えない良好な外観を得ることができる。しかも、この場合、抜き跡４０に生じる異種材料界面６０（図２および図３参照）もアウタパネル１０の縁部１１の折り返し部１２によって同時に塞がれるので、腐食の要因となる雨水などの腐食の要因となる液体が該界面に付着しにくくなり、異種金属接触腐食による接合強度低下や外観品質の低下を防止することができる。   The present invention is also optimal when the panel parts are made of different materials. For example, even when the inner panel 20 is formed of carbon fiber reinforced resin, the folded portion of the edge 11 of the outer panel 10 after hem bonding. 12 covers the burrs 42 and the like of the trace 40 in the friction stir welding as described above, and a good appearance that cannot be seen from the outside can be obtained. In addition, in this case, the dissimilar material interface 60 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) generated in the trace 40 is simultaneously closed by the folded portion 12 of the edge 11 of the outer panel 10. It becomes difficult for the liquid that becomes a factor to adhere to the interface, and it is possible to prevent a decrease in bonding strength and appearance quality due to contact corrosion of different metals.

また、本実施形態では、ヘム接合後に塗装の焼き付けを行う場合、摩擦撹拌接合により予めアウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０の縁部１１，２１同士が強固に接合されていることから、熱変形によるアウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０間にずれが発生することが防止される。   In the present embodiment, when the coating is baked after the hem bonding, the outer panel 10 and the edge portions 11 and 21 of the inner panel 20 are firmly bonded in advance by friction stir welding. And the inner panel 20 are prevented from being displaced.

本実施形態では、インナパネル２０をアウタパネル１０より硬い材料で形成した場合には、摩擦撹拌接合の際にインナパネル２０に発生したバリ４１を、ヘム接合の際に、アウタパネル１０の折り返し部１２に確実に食い込ませることができる。しかも、このとき、バリ４１がアンカー効果を果たし、アウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０の接合強度をより増大させることができ、アウタパネル１０とインナパネル２０のパネル同士がずれたりするのをさらに確実に防止することができる。   In this embodiment, when the inner panel 20 is formed of a material harder than the outer panel 10, the burr 41 generated in the inner panel 20 during the friction stir welding is transferred to the folded portion 12 of the outer panel 10 during the hem bonding. You can be sure to bite in. In addition, at this time, the burr 41 performs an anchoring effect, and the bonding strength between the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 20 can be further increased, and the outer panel 10 and the inner panel 20 are more reliably prevented from being displaced from each other. be able to.

本実施形態で摩擦撹拌接合を適用する箇所としては、図７（ａ）にフロントドア７０の場合が、（ｂ）にフード７１の場合がそれぞれ黒丸で示されている。同図において、フロントドア７０の場合はその前方縁部で２か所、後方縁部で４か所、フード７１の場合は前後縁部ともに２か所となっているが、これに限らないことは言うまでもない。   As places where the friction stir welding is applied in the present embodiment, the case of the front door 70 is shown in FIG. 7A and the case of the hood 71 is shown in FIG. In the figure, the front door 70 has two front edge portions, the rear edge portion four places, and the hood 71 has two front and rear edge portions, but this is not restrictive. Needless to say.

本実施形態では、図６にも示したように、摩擦撹拌接合を点状に実施したが、本発明はこれに限らず、図８に示すように、帯状に実施しても良く、すでに上記したような同様の効果を得ることができる。摩擦撹拌接合をとくに帯状とすることで、同じ範囲に複数の点接合を行う場合よりも接合面積を広げることができる。そのため、パネル部品同士の接合後の強度および剛性をさらに大幅に向上させることができる。図８には、摩擦撹拌接合による帯状の接合跡４４が示されている。   In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the friction stir welding is performed in a dot shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be implemented in a belt shape as shown in FIG. Similar effects can be obtained. By making the friction stir welding particularly belt-shaped, the bonding area can be expanded as compared with the case where a plurality of point bondings are performed in the same range. Therefore, the strength and rigidity after joining the panel parts can be further greatly improved. FIG. 8 shows a belt-like joining mark 44 by friction stir welding.

本発明では、第１のパネル部品および第２のパネル部品の材質は、金属に限定されず、炭素繊維強化樹脂やその他の樹脂、さらに、パネル部品として用いることができるものであれば何でもよく、とくに限定されない。   In the present invention, the material of the first panel component and the second panel component is not limited to metal, and may be anything as long as it can be used as a carbon fiber reinforced resin or other resin, and further as a panel component. There is no particular limitation.

本発明では、摩擦撹拌接合を採用したが、これに限らず、摩擦撹拌接合に類する接合方法であっても勿論良い。   In the present invention, friction stir welding is adopted, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a joining method similar to friction stir welding may be used.

以上、本発明の実施の形態につき述べたが、本発明は既述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて各種の変形及び変更が可能である。   While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made based on the technical idea of the present invention.

１０ アウタパネル（第１のパネル部品）
１１ 縁部
１２ 折り返し部
１３ 端面
２０ インナパネル（第２のパネル部品）
２１ 縁部
２２ 端面
３０ 工具
３１ 回転プローブ
４０ 抜き跡
４１ 穴部
４２ バリ
４３ 回転プローブ穿孔跡
４４ 接合跡
５０ 接着剤
６０ 異種材料界面
７０ フロントドア
７１ フード
１１０ アウタパネル（第１のパネル部品）
１１１ 縁部
１１２ 折り返し部
１２０ インナパネル（第２のパネル部品）
１２１ 縁部
１３０ 抜き跡
１３１ 穴部
１３２ バリ
１３３ 穿孔跡
１４０ 異種金属界面
ｔ インナパネル２０の板厚
Ｒ 工具３０の直径 10 Outer panel (first panel part)
11 Edge portion 12 Folded portion 13 End surface 20 Inner panel (second panel component)
21 Edge 22 End face 30 Tool 31 Rotating probe 40 Trace 41 Hole 42 Burr 43 Rotating probe drilled trace 44 Joint trace 50 Adhesive 60 Dissimilar material interface 70 Front door 71 Hood 110 Outer panel (first panel part)
111 Edge portion 112 Folded portion 120 Inner panel (second panel component)
121 Edge 130 Extraction mark 131 Hole part 132 Burr 133 Perforation mark 140 Dissimilar metal interface t Plate thickness of inner panel 20 R Diameter of tool 30

Claims (6)

第１のパネル部品の縁部の先端側部分を第２のパネル部品の縁部より突出させて両縁部同志を重ね合わせる第１の工程と、
上記第２のパネル部品側から回転する工具を挿入して上記両縁部を摩擦撹拌接合する第２の工程と、
上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の先端側部分を折り返し、この折り返し部により上記第２のパネル部品の縁部を挟み込み、該折り返し部に、摩擦撹拌接合によって上記第２のパネル部品の縁部上に生じたバリを食い込ませ、上記第１のパネル部品の縁部と上記第２のパネル部品の縁部をヘム接合する第３の工程とを含むことを特徴とするパネル部品の接合方法。 A first step of projecting the front end side portion of the edge of the first panel component from the edge of the second panel component and superimposing both edges;
A second step of inserting a rotating tool from the second panel component side and friction stir welding the both edges;
The front end side portion of the edge portion of the first panel component is folded, the edge portion of the second panel component is sandwiched by the folded portion , and the edge portion of the second panel component is joined to the folded portion by friction stir welding. A panel component joining method comprising: a third step of biting the burr generated above and hem joining the edge of the first panel component and the edge of the second panel component. 上記工具の回転中心の位置は、上記工具の直径をＲとし、上記第２のパネル部品の板厚をｔとし、上記第２のパネル部品の端から上記工具の回転中心までの距離をＬとした場合において、Ｌ≧（Ｒ／２＋ｔ）の関係を満たすように設定されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のパネル部品の接合方法。   The position of the center of rotation of the tool is R as the diameter of the tool, t as the thickness of the second panel component, and L as the distance from the end of the second panel component to the rotation center of the tool. 2. The panel component joining method according to claim 1, wherein the panel component is set so as to satisfy a relationship of L ≧ (R / 2 + t). 上記第１のパネル部品の縁部の折り返し部の端面は、上記工具の抜き跡よりもパネル部品中央側に位置されることを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載のパネル部品の接合方法。   3. The panel component joining according to claim 1, wherein an end surface of the folded portion of the edge portion of the first panel component is positioned closer to the center of the panel component than the trace of the tool. Method. 上記第１のパネル部品の縁部と上記第２のパネル部品の縁部の間に接着剤を塗布することを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項３のいずれか１項に記載のパネル部品の接合方法。 Panel component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in applying an adhesive between the edge of the edge portion and the second panel section of the first panel section Joining method. 上記第１のパネル部品と上記第２のパネル部品は異種材料であることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項４のいずれか１項に記載のパネル部品の接合方法。 The panel component joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the first panel component and the second panel component are made of different materials. 上記第２のパネル部品を、上記第１のパネル部品より硬い材料で形成することを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項５のいずれか１項に記載のパネル部品の接合方法。 The second panel part, joining method of the panel component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that to form a hard material than the first panel section.
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