JP6289727B2 - Refrigeration equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus in which a refrigerant circuit in which a refrigerant is enclosed is formed.

  In the refrigeration apparatus, the occurrence of excess or deficiency in the refrigerant amount causes a problem such as a decrease in the capacity of the refrigerant apparatus or damage to the constituent devices. Therefore, in order to prevent such a problem from occurring, a refrigeration apparatus having a function of determining whether the amount of refrigerant to be sealed is excessive or insufficient is known.

  As a refrigerant filling method in the conventional refrigeration apparatus, for example, the temperature efficiency obtained by dividing the degree of refrigerant supercooling at the outlet of the supercooling heat exchanger by the maximum temperature difference of the supercooling heat exchanger is equal to or higher than a preset determination threshold. When the shortage amount of refrigerant, which is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount, is based on the density and internal volume of refrigerant inside each of the condenser, liquid extension pipe, gas extension pipe, and evaporator What is calculated has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2012-132039 A

  The refrigerant filling in the refrigeration apparatus is performed in three stages: initial filling, additional filling, and final additional filling. In the conventional refrigeration apparatus, as in Patent Document 1, after a certain amount of refrigerant is sealed by initial sealing, the temperature efficiency of the supercooling heat exchanger is divided into several times until the temperature becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined determination threshold. An additional amount of refrigerant is sealed by performing additional sealing and performing final additional sealing to make up for a margin when the determination threshold is exceeded. Here, it takes about 10 minutes at the minimum for one additional enclosure, and in the conventional configuration, several additional enclosures are required before the determination threshold is exceeded. There is a problem that it takes.

  Conventionally, in order to stabilize the value of temperature efficiency, the compressor is continuously operated for a predetermined time (for example, 30 minutes) after the initial enclosure, but if the initial enclosure amount is too small, The compressor stops due to cut or abnormal discharge temperature. For this reason, there is a problem that a continuous operation of the compressor for a predetermined time is required again. Furthermore, since the conventional refrigeration apparatus is configured to calculate and display the enclosed amount at the time of each enclosure, there is a problem that information related to the refrigerant enclosed amount cannot be known until the enclosed amount is displayed. .

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus that encloses a more appropriate amount of refrigerant in less time without trouble.

A refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention includes a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a liquid receiver, a heat source side unit having a supercooling heat exchanger, a utilization side unit having an expansion valve and a utilization side heat exchanger, and a heat source. The subcooling heat exchanger, which is a value obtained by dividing the refrigerant subcooling degree at the outlet of the supercooling heat exchanger by the maximum temperature difference of the supercooling heat exchanger and the refrigerant pipe connecting the side unit and the use side unit A controller that determines whether or not the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit formed by the heat source side unit, the utilization side unit, and the refrigerant piping is appropriate, and information related to the refrigerant charging amount in the refrigerant circuit. And a control device having a temperature efficiency that is lower than a predetermined determination threshold continuously set for a predetermined time or longer during additional sealing in which a refrigerant is added and sealed during operation of the compressor. in the case, a notification to the effect that encourages the refrigerant sealed If allowed to broadcast, from when the temperature efficiency is more than a predetermined time or more continuously determined threshold, the temperature efficiency of suspension determination less than the threshold value which is set larger than the predetermined hours or more continuously determined threshold value, the refrigerant enclosed speed When the notification unit is informed that the reduction of the refrigerant is urged, and when the temperature efficiency is equal to or greater than the interruption determination threshold value for a predetermined time or longer, the notification unit is informed that the refrigerant enclosure is to be interrupted, and the additional enclosure is completed. In addition, a notifying amount that is a shortage of the refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount is obtained and notified to the notifying unit.

  According to the present invention, a control device that determines whether or not the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit is appropriate informs the user that the refrigerant is urged during the additional sealing, and calculates and notifies the insufficient sealing amount when the additional sealing is finished. As a result, the additional sealing after the initial sealing can be executed smoothly and the amount of insufficient sealing can be calculated with high accuracy, so that a more appropriate amount of refrigerant can be sealed in less time and without trouble.

It is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows the example by which the compression unit containing a compressor and a liquid receiver was arrange | positioned indoors among the refrigeration apparatuses in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a refrigerant circuit figure which shows the example by which the compression unit containing a compressor was arrange | positioned indoors among the refrigeration apparatuses in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the temperature change of the refrigerant | coolant at the time of the appropriate refrigerant | coolant enclosure in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the temperature change of the refrigerant | coolant at the time of the refrigerant | coolant amount shortage in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the refrigerant | coolant amount determination operation | movement in this Embodiment 1. It is a conceptual diagram which illustrates the case where the stability determination conditions in this Embodiment 1 are satisfied. It is a conceptual diagram which illustrates the case where the stability determination conditions in this Embodiment 1 are not satisfied. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the refrigerant | coolant density in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and a condensation temperature. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the refrigerant density in 1st piping in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and liquid pipe temperature. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the refrigerant density in the 2nd piping in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and evaporation temperature. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the average density in the evaporator in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and evaporation temperature. It is the schematic diagram which showed the relationship between the average density in an evaporator, and evaporation temperature corresponding to the graph of FIG. 9A. It is the graph which showed the relationship between the average density in the liquid receiver in Embodiment 1 of this invention, and a condensation temperature. It is the schematic diagram which showed the example of a display in the alerting | reporting part of Embodiment 2 of this invention.

[Embodiment 1]
It is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment includes a heat source side unit 100 disposed, for example, outdoors, and a use side unit 200 disposed, for example, indoors. The heat source side unit 100 includes a compressor 1, an oil separator 2, a heat source side heat exchanger 3, a liquid receiver 4, a supercooling heat exchanger 5, and an accumulator 8. The use side unit 200 includes an expansion valve 6 and a use side heat exchanger 7. The heat source side unit 100 and the use side unit 200 are connected by a first pipe 10 made of, for example, a liquid pipe and a second pipe 11 made of, for example, a gas pipe.

  In the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the compressor 1, the oil separator 2, the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the liquid receiver 4, the supercooling heat exchanger 5, the expansion valve 6, the use side heat exchanger 7, and A refrigerant circuit for sequentially circulating the refrigerant in the accumulator 8 is formed. That is, the refrigerant circuit is formed by the heat source side unit 100, the use side unit 200, and the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 11 which are refrigerant pipes. In the first embodiment, the heat source side heat exchanger 3 functions as a condenser for the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1, and the use side heat exchanger 7 changes from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to the liquid receiver 4 and It functions as an evaporator for the refrigerant sent through the expansion valve 6.

  The heat source side unit 100 is provided with a first temperature sensor 15, a second temperature sensor 18, and an outside air temperature sensor 16, and the use side unit 200 is provided with a third temperature sensor 19. The first temperature sensor 15 is provided at any position in the flow path from the outlet side of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to the inlet side of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 and detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path. Is. Hereinafter, the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 15 is referred to as “condenser outlet temperature TH5”. The condenser outlet temperature TH5 may be obtained by a method of detecting the pressure and converting it to a saturation temperature.

  The second temperature sensor 18 is provided at any position in the flow path from the outlet side of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 to the inlet side of the expansion valve 6 and detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path. . Hereinafter, the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 18 is referred to as “supercooling heat exchanger outlet temperature TH8”. The outside air temperature sensor 16 detects the temperature of the air at which the heat source side heat exchanger 3 exchanges heat with the refrigerant. Hereinafter, the temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 16 is referred to as “outside air temperature TH6”.

  The third temperature sensor 19 is provided at any position in the flow path from the outlet side of the expansion valve 6 to the inlet side of the use side heat exchanger 7 and detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the flow path. . Hereinafter, the temperature detected by the third temperature sensor 19 is referred to as “evaporation temperature ET”. Note that the evaporation temperature ET may be obtained by a method of detecting pressure and converting to a saturation temperature.

  Further, the heat source side unit 100 includes a control device 20 that determines the suitability of the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit, and a 7-segment LED, for example, and notifies that information related to the amount of refrigerant filled in the refrigerant circuit is notified. Part 21. The control device 20 is configured by, for example, a microcomputer provided on the control board of the refrigeration apparatus. The notification unit 21 according to the first embodiment is provided in the control device 20, and notifies various determination results or various information described later as information related to the refrigerant filling amount in the refrigerant circuit.

  In the first embodiment, the control device 20 uses the temperature efficiency ε (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “temperature efficiency ε”) of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 that has a smaller variation due to operating conditions than the degree of supercooling. The suitability of the refrigerant amount is determined. Temperature information detected by the first temperature sensor 15, the second temperature sensor 18, the outside air temperature sensor 16, and the third temperature sensor 19 is input to the control device 20. The control device 20 calculates the temperature efficiency ε using the temperature information.

  The control device 20 urges the refrigerant to be charged according to the magnitude relationship between the temperature efficiency ε and the preset determination threshold value εline1 and the interruption determination threshold value εline2 during the additional charging for adding the refrigerant. When the additional sealing is finished, the insufficiency amount of refrigerant that is insufficient with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount is obtained when the informing unit 21 is informed that the lowering of the refrigerant is urged or the suspension of the refrigerant is urged. The notification unit 21 is notified. More specifically, when the temperature efficiency ε is less than the determination threshold value εline1 during the operation of the compressor 1 during the operation of the compressor 1, the control device 20 notifies the notification unit 21 that the refrigerant is urged. is there. Further, when the temperature efficiency ε is less than the preset interruption determination threshold value εline2 during the operation of the compressor 1 during the operation of the compressor 1, the notification unit 21 informs the user that the refrigerant charging speed is reduced. Is to notify. Furthermore, when the temperature efficiency ε is equal to or greater than the interruption determination threshold value εline2 for a predetermined time or longer, the control device 20 causes the notification unit 21 to notify that the refrigerant enclosure is to be interrupted.

  The control device 20 calculates the initial enclosed amount based on the field information input from the outside via a substrate or the like, and causes the notification unit 21 to notify the calculated initial enclosed amount. Here, the local information includes at least the specifications (for example, internal volume) of the first pipe 10 and the use side heat exchanger 7, and information on the target evaporation temperature or low pressure cut input value and cut value. More specifically, the local information includes information on the internal volumes of the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the first pipe 10, the second pipe 11, the use side heat exchanger 7, and the liquid receiver 4.

  The control device 20 sets at least a heat supply side heat exchanger 3, a first pipe 10, a second pipe 11, a use side heat exchanger 7, and a shortage amount of refrigerant that is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount, and Each of the liquid receivers 4 is calculated on the basis of the density and internal volume of the refrigerant inside, and notifies the notification unit 21 of the calculated insufficient sealed amount.

  In the first embodiment, the information on the internal volume of the use-side heat exchanger 7 included in the local information includes two or more patterns in advance based on temperature zone information (for example, target evaporation temperature or low-pressure cutoff value). It is divided into. More specifically, each of the patterns includes at least a pattern that satisfies the refrigeration condition and a pattern that satisfies the refrigeration condition. For example, when at least one of the refrigeration condition and the refrigeration condition is subdivided, 3 It is comprised by the above pattern. The control device 20 is configured to use the value of each pattern as the internal volume of the use-side heat exchanger 7 when determining the shortage amount.

  Here, the flow of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit of the first embodiment will be described. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor 1 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 3 after the refrigeration oil contained therein is separated by the oil separator 2. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 is condensed in the heat-source-side heat exchanger 3 to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (liquid or two-phase state), and is stored in the liquid receiver 4. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant accumulated in the liquid receiver 4 becomes a supercooled liquid refrigerant by further heat exchange in the supercooling heat exchanger 5. The refrigerant that has become a high-pressure liquid in the supercooling heat exchanger 5 becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure two-phase refrigerant in the expansion valve 6 of the usage-side unit 200 and flows into the usage-side heat exchanger 7. Then, it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant in the use side heat exchanger 7 and returns to the compressor 1 through the accumulator 8.

  In FIG. 1, a case where one use side unit 200 is connected to one heat source side unit 100 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an arbitrary number of uses for the heat source side unit 100 is illustrated. The side unit 200 may be connected. In the refrigeration apparatus adopting such a configuration, one end is connected to the subcooling heat exchanger 5, the other end is connected to the plurality of expansion valves 6, and one end is connected to the compressor 1. The other end has at least one second pipe 11 connected to at least one user-side heat exchanger 7. That is, a plurality of usage-side units 200 may be provided, and the plurality of usage-side units 200 may include at least a unit cooler and a showcase. And when the control apparatus 20 calculates | requires the insufficient enclosure amount, as the internal volume of the use side heat exchanger 7, the internal volume of a unit cooler, the internal volume of a showcase, or the case of mixing of a unit cooler and a showcase The internal volume may be used as appropriate.

  Further, when a plurality of usage-side units 200 are provided, when the control device 20 obtains the shortage amount, the evaporation temperature inside each of the usage-side units 200 is used as information on the specifications of the usage-side heat exchanger 7. A belt may be used. In the case of such a configuration, the control device 20 divides a plurality of usage-side units 200 into two or more groups (using a preset temperature threshold) based on the internal evaporation temperature zones of the plurality of usage-side units 200. For example, the evaporation temperature used as the use side unit 200 is divided into a group of refrigeration zones, and the evaporation temperature is a group of refrigeration zones. Also good.

  Furthermore, in this Embodiment 1, although the case where the refrigerant | coolant amount enclosed in the refrigerant circuit formed by connecting the heat-source side unit 100 and the utilization side unit 200 is determined is demonstrated, it is limited to this is not. That is, the refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment is connected to the use-side unit 200 and the refrigerant piping (liquid piping, gas piping) arranged locally at the time of local installation, such as a condensing unit, and is connected to the refrigerant circuit (refrigeration cycle). ) May be formed.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B, a part of the heat source side unit 100 may be separated and arranged indoors. FIG. 1A is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating an example in which a compression unit 300A including a compressor 1 and a liquid receiver 4 is disposed in a room in the refrigeration apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1B is a refrigerant circuit diagram illustrating an example in which the compression unit 300B including the compressor 1 is arranged indoors in the refrigeration apparatus in the first embodiment. In the example shown in FIG. 1A, the heat source side heat exchanger 3 in the heat source side unit 100 </ b> A and the compression unit 300 </ b> A are connected by the extension pipe 12. Moreover, the refrigeration apparatus of FIG. 1A does not have the supercooling heat exchanger 5 but has the electronic expansion valve 13 and the double pipe supercooler 14 in the compression unit 300A. In the example shown in FIG. 1B, the heat source side unit 100 </ b> B and the compression unit 300 </ b> B are connected by the extension pipe 12. That is, in the refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 1, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, compression units 300A and 300B including the compressor 1 are installed indoors, and the heat source side unit 100A including the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is used. And 100B can also be realized in a remote condensing unit installed outside the room.

  Further, for example, like a cooling unit, in one unit, the compressor 1 constituting the refrigerant circuit, the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the supercooling heat exchanger 5, the expansion valve 6, the use side heat exchanger 7, It is also possible to provide a refrigeration apparatus in which other accessory devices are provided and connected by piping. Furthermore, the configuration of the refrigerant circuit is not limited to each configuration described above. For example, a four-way valve or the like that switches the refrigerant flow path may be provided so that the cooling operation and the heating operation can be switched. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which does not provide at least 1 of the oil separator 2, the liquid receiver 4, and the accumulator 8. FIG.

  Next, the relationship between the refrigerant filling amount and the degree of supercooling will be described. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a temperature change of the refrigerant when the appropriate refrigerant is sealed in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the temperature change of the refrigerant when the refrigerant amount is insufficient in the first embodiment. 2 and 3, the vertical axis indicates the temperature, and the higher the temperature, the higher the temperature becomes. The horizontal axis indicates the refrigerant flow paths of the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the supercooling heat exchanger 5, and the outlet side pipe (liquid pipe) of the supercooling heat exchanger 5.

  An arrow a in FIG. 2 indicates a change in refrigerant temperature in each refrigerant flow path when an appropriate amount of refrigerant is sealed in the refrigeration apparatus. When an appropriate amount of refrigerant is sealed in the refrigeration apparatus, the two-phase refrigerant from the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is separated into gas and liquid by the liquid receiver 4, and the liquid refrigerant is stored in the liquid receiver 4. It is in a saturated liquid state. For this reason, the liquid refrigerant from the liquid receiver 4 flows into the supercooling heat exchanger 5, and all the heat exchange by the supercooling heat exchanger 5 contributes to the supercooling of the liquid refrigerant.

  The arrow b in FIG. 3 indicates the refrigerant temperature change in each refrigerant flow path when the refrigerant amount is insufficient. When the amount of the refrigerant is insufficient, the outlet of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is in a dry state, the liquid refrigerant is not stored in the liquid receiver 4, and the two-phase refrigerant is stored in the supercooling heat exchanger 5. It will be in a state to flow. For this reason, the two-phase refrigerant is liquefied and supercooled by heat exchange by the supercooling heat exchanger 5. Therefore, when the amount of refrigerant is insufficient, the degree of supercooling is reduced as compared with the case of the arrow a in FIG. The supercooling heat exchanger 5 in FIGS. 2 and 3 corresponds to the double-tube supercooler 14 shown in FIG. 1A.

(Refrigerant filling amount judgment operation)
Here, an operation related to determination of the suitability of the refrigerant amount by the control device 20 will be described. The control device 20 in the first embodiment determines whether or not the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit is appropriate based on the temperature efficiency ε of the supercooling heat exchanger 5. The temperature efficiency ε of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 is the supercooling degree of the refrigerant at the outlet of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 (condenser outlet temperature TH5—supercooling heat exchanger outlet temperature TH8). The maximum temperature difference (condenser outlet temperature TH5−outside air temperature TH6) is divided by the following Equation 1.

  The temperature efficiency ε of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 indicates the performance of the supercooling heat exchanger 5, and as described above, the variation due to operating conditions is small compared to the degree of supercooling. For this reason, it is possible to improve the determination accuracy of the shortage of the refrigerant amount without setting a threshold value for each operation condition.

  Next, a specific example of the operation for determining the suitability of the refrigerant amount using the temperature efficiency ε of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 will be described based on the sealing step shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the refrigerant quantity determination operation in the first embodiment.

(S101 to S102)
For example, when a switch or the like on the control board of the refrigeration apparatus is operated and the refrigerant amount determination operation mode is set, the control device 20 starts the refrigerant amount determination operation (FIG. 4: step S101). Next, the specifications of the first pipe 10, the second pipe 11, and the use side heat exchanger 7, and the target evaporation temperature or low pressure cut input value and cut value information (local information) are input to local workers. (FIG. 4: Step S102). The specifications of the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 11 are determined based on the pipe diameter and the pipe length. Further, the specifications of the use side heat exchanger 7 are determined assuming three cases of the show side, the unit cooler, and the mixture of the show case and the unit cooler as the use side unit 200 to be connected. In addition, in the first embodiment, the specification of the use side heat exchanger 7 is divided into, for example, six patterns depending on the target evaporation temperature or the low pressure cut-off value. Therefore, the local worker determines which refrigeration condition the usage-side unit 200 satisfies, based on the target evaporation temperature or the low-pressure cut-off value, and which refrigeration condition, and the usage-side heat exchanger. 7 specification is set to one of the above 6 patterns.

(S103)
Next, the control device 20 calculates an initial sealed amount based on the local information input in step S102. More specifically, the control device 20 calculates the initial sealed amount by using a preset function expression of the pipe length for each specification of the first pipe 10, the second pipe 11, and the use side heat exchanger 7. To do. Further, the control device 20 causes the notification unit 21 to notify the calculated initial enclosed amount (FIG. 4: step S103). In this Embodiment 1, the alerting | reporting part 21 is comprised by 7 segment LED, for example, and the information of the initial enclosure amount is displayed. In the following description, it is assumed that the notification unit 21 is a 7-segment LED, but the notification method is not limited to this.

(S104-S105)
Next, the operation of the compressor 1 is started. That is, the control device 20 operates the compressor 1 at a predetermined operating frequency (FIG. 4: step S104). By the way, when the refrigerant amount determination is performed, the detection method for the entire operation range cannot accurately determine the presence or absence of the refrigerant. This is because when the compressor 1 is operating at a high operating frequency, the outlet of the supercooling heat exchanger 5 may become a two-phase refrigerant. In such a state, if the operating frequency of the compressor 1 increases or decreases, This is because the loss greatly changes and it becomes impossible to accurately determine the refrigerant shortage. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the compressor 1 is operated at a predetermined operating frequency determined based on the above circumstances in order to eliminate the influence of pressure loss.

  In this operation description, it is assumed that the compressor 1 is a constant speed machine, and the case where the compressor 1 is operated with being fixed at 50 Hz or 60 Hz will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. 1 may be a transmission. Further, in the first embodiment, in order to reduce the influence of pressure loss, it is determined whether or not the refrigerant amount is appropriate by operating at a fixed frequency. However, the present invention is not limited to this determination method. The compressor 1 may be operated at a frequency within a small predetermined range.

  The control device 20 uses the first temperature sensor 15, the second temperature sensor 18, the third temperature sensor 19, and the outside air as temperature information necessary for calculating the temperature efficiency ε (temperature information necessary for calculating the temperature efficiency ε). Obtained from the temperature sensor 16 (FIG. 4: step S105).

(S106-S113)
The control device 20 calculates the temperature efficiency ε using Equation 1 based on the temperature information, and uses a predetermined determination threshold εline1 and interruption determination threshold εline2 based on the calculated temperature efficiency ε. To determine the refrigerant filling status. Note that there is a relationship “determination threshold εline1 <interruption determination threshold εline2” between the determination threshold εline1 and the interruption determination threshold εline2.

  More specifically, the control device 20 operates when the compressor 1 is in operation and the temperature efficiency ε is continuously less than the determination threshold εline1 for a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) or longer (FIG. 4: step S106). / NO), it determines with the amount of refrigerant | coolants being small, and alert | reports to the alerting | reporting part 21 that a refrigerant | coolant enclosure is encouraged. The notification is based on the premise that a predetermined time has passed. For example, the control device 20 prompts the refrigerant filling by displaying a message indicating that the refrigerant filling is promoted on the 7-segment LED as the notification unit 21 (FIG. 4: Step S107). And the control apparatus 20 acquires the temperature information required for calculation of temperature efficiency (epsilon) (FIG. 4: step S105), and determines whether there is little refrigerant | coolant amount (FIG. 4: step S106). That is, the control device 20 repeats steps S105 to S107 while determining that the amount of refrigerant is small (FIG. 4: step S106 / NO).

  On the other hand, when the compressor 1 is in operation and the temperature efficiency ε is continuously equal to or greater than the determination threshold εline1 for a predetermined time (for example, 3 minutes) (FIG. 4: Step S106 / YES). Then, it is determined that the refrigerant amount has reached the reference amount, and the process proceeds to a determination process using the interruption determination threshold value εline2, which is the next step.

  In the determination process using the interruption determination threshold εline2 (FIG. 4: steps S108 to S113), the control device 20 first notifies the notification unit 21 that the refrigerant is urged. When the refrigerant filling is started in the previous step, the refrigerant filling is continued (FIG. 4: Step S108). Next, the control device 20 determines whether or not the compressor 1 is in operation and the temperature efficiency ε is continuously less than the interruption determination threshold εline2 for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) after the start of encapsulation. (FIG. 4: Step S109).

  When the temperature efficiency ε is equal to or greater than the interruption determination threshold value εline2 for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) after the start of sealing (FIG. 4: step S109 / NO), the control device 20 is sufficiently filled with refrigerant. The notification unit 21 is informed that the suspension of the refrigerant is urged so as to interrupt the refrigerant charging. For example, the control device 20 displays “StoP” on the 7-segment LED serving as the notification unit 21 (FIG. 4: step S113).

  On the other hand, when the temperature efficiency ε is less than the interruption determination threshold εline2 (FIG. 4: step S109 / YES), the control device 20 acquires temperature information required for calculating the temperature efficiency ε (FIG. 4). : Step S110), it is determined whether or not the compressor 1 is in operation and the temperature efficiency ε is continuously greater than or equal to the interruption determination threshold εline2 for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) (FIG. 4: Step S111). ).

  When the temperature efficiency ε is continuously greater than or equal to the interruption determination threshold εline2 for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) (FIG. 4: Step S111 / YES), the control device 20 determines that the refrigerant is sufficiently enclosed, The notification unit 21 notifies the user that the refrigerant sealing is to be interrupted so as to interrupt the refrigerant charging (FIG. 4: step S113).

  On the other hand, when the temperature efficiency ε is continuously less than the interruption determination threshold value εline2 for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) (FIG. 4: Step S111 / NO), the control device 20 causes the refrigerant charging amount to approach the interruption determination threshold value εline2. Therefore, the notification unit 21 is informed that the decrease in the refrigerant charging speed is promoted. For example, the control device 20 displays “Slou” on the 7-segment LED serving as the notification unit 21 so as to reduce the refrigerant charging speed (FIG. 4: step S112). Next, the control device 20 acquires temperature information required for calculating the temperature efficiency ε (FIG. 4: step S110). That is, the control device 20 repeats steps S110 to S112 until the temperature efficiency ε becomes equal to or greater than the interruption determination threshold value εline2 continuously for a predetermined time (for example, 2 minutes) (FIG. 4: step S111 / YES).

Here, the standard of the refrigerant filling speed is as follows.
-After starting step S108, about 3% of the maximum amount of refrigerant to be filled is sealed in one minute.
・ After “Slou” is displayed, about 1% of the maximum amount of refrigerant to be filled is sealed per minute.

  As described above, according to the refrigeration apparatus in Embodiment 1, it is not necessary to divide the additional enclosure amount into several times as in the prior art. Therefore, the time required for each enclosure (minimum 10 minutes) and Time and effort can be omitted.

[Undetectable condition judgment processing]
At the same time, the control device 20 determines whether or not the current operation state corresponds to a detection impossible condition. As the non-detectable condition, for example, the following conditions are set in advance, and the control device 20 determines that the non-detectable condition is met when any one of the following conditions is satisfied, and calculates using Equation 1 The temperature efficiency ε is an invalid value. This is because when the following conditions are satisfied, the value of the temperature efficiency ε is not stable, or the value of the temperature efficiency ε becomes small and erroneous detection occurs.
• The ambient temperature is outside the operating temperature range.
• When the temperature difference between the condenser outlet temperature TH5 and the outside air temperature TH6 is large.
When the temperature efficiency ε is negative or when the denominator of the calculation formula (Formula 1) of the temperature efficiency ε is 0.
Note that the detection impossible condition determination process is always performed in the subsequent sealing steps, and is not limited to the main sealing step.

  In addition, the information indicating that the refrigerant sealing notified by the control device 20 in step S107 is urged and the information indicating that the refrigerant sealing notified by the control device 20 in step S108 is urged may be different information. For example, in the latter case, information including that the control device 20 has shifted to the determination process using the interruption determination threshold value εline2 may be notified.

(S114-S115)
When the notification of prompting the suspension of the refrigerant filling is received and the refrigerant filling is interrupted, the control device 20 causes the compressor 1 to continuously operate for a predetermined time. Then, after starting the continuous operation of the compressor 1, the control device 20 stores each calculated temperature efficiency ε in a buffer provided inside or outside (FIG. 4: step S114).

  Further, the control device 20 waits until the continuous operation time of the compressor 1 after interruption of refrigerant filling reaches a stability reference time (for example, 30 minutes) for stabilizing the numerical value of the temperature efficiency ε (FIG. 4: step S115). ). That is, after interrupting the refrigerant filling, the control device 20 continuously operates the compressor 1 until the stability reference time elapses in order to wait for the numerical value of the temperature efficiency ε to stabilize (FIG. 4: step S115). Since the above steps S106 to S113 have already passed during the continuous operation of the compressor 1, the refrigerant circuit is filled with the minimum necessary refrigerant at the time of refrigerant filling. The occurrence of an abnormal stop of the machine 1 can be prevented.

(S116 to S117)
The control device 20 determines whether or not the calculation condition for the average temperature efficiency εA is satisfied. The calculation condition of the average temperature efficiency εA is that the latest plural (for example, ten) temperature efficiencies ε stored in the buffer in steps S114 and S115 are not invalid values but valid values (FIG. 4: step S116). In addition, the condition is within the stability determination condition (FIG. 4: step S117).

  Here, the stability determination condition will be described. FIG. 5A is a conceptual diagram illustrating a case where the stability determination condition in the first embodiment is satisfied. FIG. 5B is a conceptual diagram illustrating a case where the stability determination condition in the first embodiment is not satisfied. As the stability determination condition, a condition is set in which a plurality of (for example, ten) temperature efficiencies ε calculated in step S115 and the operation frequency at each calculation do not vary greatly.

  In the first embodiment, for example, the control device 20 satisfies the stability determination condition when the frequency of the compressor 1 satisfies the condition of the following expression 2 and when the temperature efficiency ε satisfies the condition of the following expression 3. judge.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5A, when all the changes from the average value of the target data fall within the predetermined value η (open circles), it is determined that the stability determination condition is satisfied (FIG. 4: Step S117 / YES) On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, when at least one of the amount of change from the average value of the target data exceeds a predetermined value (η) (black circle mark), it is determined that the stability determination condition is not satisfied (FIG. 4: Step S117 / NO). However, when the value of the temperature efficiency ε is small, the variation with respect to the change width is large, so that the possibility of exceeding the predetermined value η increases. Therefore, when the temperature efficiency ε is less than a predetermined value (for example, 0.25), the stability determination condition is ignored.

  As described above, the control device 20 determines the suitability of the refrigerant amount with higher accuracy by calculating the later-described average temperature efficiency εA in a state where the temperature efficiency ε and the operating frequency of the compressor 1 are stable. Can do. The control device 20 determines that the determination is impossible when there is an invalid value in the latest plurality of temperature efficiency data or when the stability determination condition is not satisfied due to the detection impossible condition or the like.

(S118-S121)
When it is determined that the stability determination condition is not satisfied (FIG. 4: S117 / NO), the control device 20 determines that the determination is impossible, and prompts the notification unit 21 to urge other methods (refrigeration with other methods) ) And errors (causes of inability to determine, etc.) are alternately notified. For example, the control device 20 alternately performs a display for prompting the refrigerant filling by other methods and an error display indicating the cause of the determination failure on the 7-segment LED as the notification unit 21 (FIG. 4: step S120).

  Here, the other methods of charging the refrigerant are, for example, using an LED lamp provided as a separate notification unit 21, lighting up if the temperature efficiency ε is greater than or equal to a threshold value, flashing if less than the threshold value, stopping the operation of the compressor 1 There is a method that enables the required amount of refrigerant to be sealed by turning off the lamp when the time or the thermistor is abnormal. In addition, a window is attached to the first pipe 10 in advance, and the refrigerant is sealed until the flash gas disappears while checking the window. After the flash gas disappears, about 10% of additional refrigerant is additionally sealed. There is also a method for securing a necessary amount of refrigerant. Further, there is a method of securing a necessary amount of refrigerant by attaching a window to the liquid receiver 4 in advance and enclosing the refrigerant up to a set liquid level while checking the window. As described above, when the determination becomes impossible once, it is a great effort for the control device 20 to perform the refrigerant amount determination again. In addition, for example, when determination is impossible due to a change in temperature conditions such as outside air temperature, there is a high possibility that determination will be impossible even if retrial is attempted. For this reason, when it becomes impossible to determine, the control device 20 notifies, via the notification unit 21, for example, that it is urged to enclose the refrigerant using the LED lamp or window provided in advance as described above. To do. However, when the determination becomes impossible for several times, the control device 20 may notify that another method is urged.

  On the other hand, when it is determined that the stability determination condition is satisfied (FIG. 4: step S117 / YES), the control device 20 calculates the average value of the plurality of temperature efficiencies ε calculated in step S114 as the average temperature efficiency εA (FIG. 4). : Step S118). Then, the control device 20 determines whether or not the average temperature efficiency εA is less than a preset average determination threshold εlineA (FIG. 4: step S119).

  When the average temperature efficiency εA is less than the average determination threshold value εlineA (FIG. 4: Step S119 / YES), the control device 20 determines that the refrigerant is insufficient, and urges the refrigerant to be sealed by other methods and the cause of the determination impossibility (FIG. 4: Step S120). On the other hand, when the average temperature efficiency εA is equal to or greater than the average determination threshold εlineA in step S120 (FIG. 4: step S119 / NO), the control device 20 sets the shortage filling amount that is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount. Calculate (FIG. 4: Step S121).

  When the average determination threshold value εlineA is exceeded, if the refrigerant filling amount has already exceeded the allowable filling amount, it is not necessary for the operator to fill the refrigerant. The amount of the refrigerant enclosed is asked by the operator to confirm how many kg of refrigerant have been enclosed before the average determination threshold εlineA is exceeded. On the other hand, if the enclosed refrigerant amount is less than the allowable enclosed amount, the calculated insufficient enclosed amount of refrigerant is additionally enclosed. Details of the operation related to the final additional encapsulation will be described below.

(Calculation of underfill amount)
The control device 20 adds a shortage amount ΔMr, which is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount, to the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the first pipe 10, the second pipe 11, and the use side heat exchanger 7. Each of the liquid receivers 4 is obtained based on the density and internal volume of the refrigerant inside. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a variation in the refrigerant filling amount due to a change in the outside air condition due to the season or the like, and to enclose an appropriate amount of the refrigerant.

  More specifically, the control device 20 uses the following formula 4 to calculate the shortage amount ΔMr as five elements (liquid receiver 4, heat source side heat exchanger 3, utilization) of the refrigerant structure having a large refrigerant amount fluctuation. It calculates by adding together the insufficient enclosing amounts of the side heat exchanger 7, the first pipe 10, and the second pipe 11).

Here, ΔMr _cond is the shortage amount of the heat source side heat exchanger 3. ΔMr _PL is the amount of insufficient filling of the first pipe 10. ΔMr _PG is the amount of insufficient filling of the second pipe 11. ΔMr _eva is the shortage amount of the usage-side heat exchanger 7. ΔMr _recG is a shortage amount of the liquid receiver 4. Hereinafter, details of the calculation operation of each insufficient filling amount will be described.

[Insufficient enclosed amount ΔMr _cond of heat source side heat exchanger 3]
Based on the relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _cond in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the condensation temperature set in advance and the condenser outlet temperature TH5, the control device 20 sets the reference density and the refrigerant density (encapsulation). The difference value (density fluctuation Δρ _cond ) is obtained, and the obtained difference value is multiplied by the internal volume V _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3, so that the insufficient amount ΔMr _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 is obtained. Ask for.

The relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the condensation temperature is, for example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the refrigerant density in the heat source side heat exchanger 3 and the condensation temperature in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 6, the refrigerant density of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 varies depending on the condensation temperature. Note that the slope of the graph shown in FIG. 6 is “1.7”, which is the coefficient of Equation 5 below. The reference density is set, for example, according to a reference condition that maximizes the refrigerant density in the heat source side heat exchanger 3.

In the example of FIG. 6, if the condensing temperature of 60 ° C. at which the refrigerant density is maximum is set as a reference condition, the density fluctuation Δρ _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 can be obtained by the following formula 5. That is, the control device 20 multiplies the density fluctuation Δρ _cond obtained by Equation 5 and the internal volume V _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 to calculate the insufficient enclosing amount ΔMr _cond of the heat source side heat exchanger 3 (Equation 6).

[Insufficient filling amount ΔMr _{PL in} the first pipe 10]
Controller 20, a first relationship between refrigerant density [rho _PL and the liquid pipe temperature of the pipe 10 which is set in advance, based on the subcooling heat exchanger outlet temperature TH8, the density of the preset reference density and the refrigerant A difference value (density fluctuation Δρ _PL ) with respect to (the density at the time of sealing) is obtained, and the obtained difference value is multiplied by the internal volume V _{PL of} the first pipe 10 to obtain an insufficient filling amount ΔMr _PL in the first pipe 10. Ask.

Relationship between refrigerant density [rho _PL and the liquid pipe temperature of the first pipe 10 is, for example, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 is a graph showing the relationship between refrigerant density [rho _PL and the liquid pipe temperature of the first pipe 10 in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the refrigerant density of the first pipe 10 varies depending on the liquid pipe temperature. The slope of the graph shown in FIG. 7 is “−5”, which is a coefficient of the following mathematical formula 7. For example, the reference density is set according to a reference condition that maximizes the refrigerant density in the first pipe 10.

In the example of FIG. 7, when the liquid pipe temperature of 17 ° C. at which the refrigerant density is maximum is set as a reference condition, the density fluctuation Δρ _PL of the first pipe 10 can be obtained by the following formula 7. That is, the control device 20 multiplies the density fluctuation Δρ _PL obtained by Expression 7 and the internal volume V _{PL of} the first pipe 10 to calculate the insufficient filling amount ΔMr _PL of the first pipe 10 (Expression 8).

[Insufficient filling amount ΔMr _{PG in} second pipe 11]
Controller 20, the refrigerant density [rho _PG in the second pipe 11 and the relationship between the evaporation temperature ET set in advance, based on the evaporation temperature ET, the density of the density (at encapsulation of a preset reference density and the refrigerant ) difference value sought (density variation [Delta] [rho] _PG) and, the obtained difference value and multiplying the internal volume _{V PG} of the second pipe 11, obtains the shortage enclosed amount? Mr _PG in the second pipe 11.

Relationship between refrigerant density [rho _PG and the evaporation temperature ET of the second pipe 11 is, for example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the refrigerant density in the second pipe and the evaporation temperature in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 8, the refrigerant density of the second pipe 11 varies depending on the evaporation temperature ET, and the range (ΔET) in which the evaporation temperature ET varies is 5 ° C. Note that the slope of the graph shown in FIG. 8 is “0.8”, which is the coefficient of Equation 9 below. The reference density is set according to, for example, a condition that the refrigerant density in the second pipe 11 is maximized.

In the first embodiment, it is also assumed that the target evaporation temperature ETm actually used differs from the evaporation temperature ET at the time of charging the refrigerant. In the example of FIG. 11 density fluctuation Δρ _PG is calculated. Further, the control device 20 multiplies the calculated density fluctuation Δρ _{PG by} the internal volume V _{PG of} the second pipe 11 to calculate the insufficient filling amount ΔMr _PG of the second pipe 11 (Formula 10).

[Insufficient enclosed amount ΔMr _{eva of} use side heat exchanger 7]
The control device 20 sets the preset relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _eva in the usage-side heat exchanger 7, the evaporation temperature ET, and the inlet temperature of the usage-side heat exchanger 7, the evaporation temperature ET, and the subcooling heat exchanger outlet temperature. Based on TH8, a difference value (density fluctuation Δρ _eva ) between a preset reference density and the refrigerant density (density at the time of sealing) is obtained, and the obtained difference value and the internal volume V _{eva of the} use side heat exchanger 7 are obtained. To calculate the insufficient amount ΔMr _eva in the use-side heat exchanger 7.

The relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _{eva of the} use side heat exchanger 7 and the evaporation temperature ET is, for example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 9A is a graph showing the relationship between the average density in the use side heat exchanger 7 and the evaporation temperature in the first embodiment. FIG. 9B corresponds to the graph of FIG. 9A and is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the average density in the evaporator and the evaporation temperature. In the example of FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B, the conditions which the entrance state of the utilization side heat exchanger 7 becomes (1) maximum-(4) minimum are represented. The refrigerant density ρ _eva of the use side heat exchanger 7 varies depending on the evaporation temperature ET and the inlet state (inlet temperature) of the use side heat exchanger 7, and the width (ΔET) in which the evaporation temperature ET varies is 5 ° C. It becomes. However, when the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment is not an inverter refrigerator but a constant speed refrigerator, a low pressure cut input value is used instead of the target evaporation temperature. Note that the slope of the graph shown in FIG. 9A is “3”, which is the coefficient of Equation 11 below.

In the first embodiment, it is assumed that the target evaporation temperature ETm actually used differs from the evaporation temperature ET when the refrigerant is sealed, and the control device 20 calculates the density fluctuation Δρ of the use side heat exchanger 7 according to the following equation 11. _Eva is calculated. That is, the control device 20 multiplies the density fluctuation Δρ _eva calculated by Equation 11 and the internal volume V _eva of the usage-side heat exchanger 7 to calculate the insufficient enclosure amount ΔMr _eva in the usage-side heat exchanger 7 ( Formula 12).

[Insufficient filling amount of liquid receiver 4 ΔMr _recG ]
Based on the relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _recG in the liquid receiver 4 and the condensation temperature set in advance and the condenser outlet temperature TH5, the control device 20 sets the preset reference density and refrigerant density (at the time of sealing). The difference value (density fluctuation Δρ _recG ) with _respect to the density) is obtained, and the obtained difference value is multiplied by the internal volume V _{recG of the liquid} receiver 4 to obtain the insufficient filled amount ΔMr _recG of the liquid receiver 4.

The relationship between the refrigerant density ρ _{recG of the liquid} receiver 4 and the condensation temperature is, for example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a graph showing the relationship between the average density in the liquid receiver 4 and the condensation temperature in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, the refrigerant density of the liquid receiver 4 varies depending on the condensation temperature. Note that the slope of the graph shown in FIG. 10 is “3.3”, which is a coefficient of Equation 13 below. The reference density is set, for example, according to a reference condition that maximizes the refrigerant density in the liquid receiver 4.

In the example of FIG. 10, if the condensing temperature of 60 ° C. at which the refrigerant density is maximum is set as a reference condition, the density fluctuation Δρ _recG of the _liquid receiver 4 can be obtained by the following Equation 13. That is, the control device 20 multiplies the density fluctuation Δρ _recG obtained by Expression 13 and the internal volume V _{recG of the liquid} receiver 4 to calculate the insufficient filling amount ΔMr _recG of the liquid receiver 4 (Expression 14).

  Here, an example in which the shortage amount is calculated based on an element having a large amount of refrigerant fluctuation has been shown. However, information on elements such as the compressor 1, the accumulator 8, and the oil separator 2, or piping connecting each element and information on the injection circuit are shown. If the amount of insufficient filling is calculated including this, a more accurate amount can be calculated.

  As described above, in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the control device 20 that determines the suitability of the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit urges the refrigerant filling during the additional filling, and promotes a decrease in the refrigerant filling speed. When the additional filling is finished, the insufficient filling amount is calculated and notified, so that the additional filling after the initial filling is performed smoothly and the insufficient filling amount is accurate. Since it can be calculated well, it is possible to enclose a more appropriate amount of refrigerant in less time and without trouble.

  That is, in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the controller 20 is configured to promote a decrease in the refrigerant charging speed when the refrigerant charging amount exceeds a certain amount at the time of additional sealing after the initial sealing. . Therefore, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the refrigerant filling at different speeds can be continuously performed, and the additional sealing can be finished in one time. It is not necessary to perform additional sealing over time, and a minimum necessary amount of refrigerant can be sealed before calculating the shortage amount. Further, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, since the continuous operation of the compressor 1 for a predetermined time is requested after the completion of the additional encapsulation, the occurrence of an abnormal stop due to the small amount of refrigerant encapsulation is prevented. Can do. That is, during the continuous operation of the compressor 1 after step S114 in FIG. 4, since the above steps S106 to S113 have already passed, the refrigerant circuit is filled with the minimum necessary refrigerant at the time of refrigerant filling. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the abnormal stop of the compressor 1 due to the small amount of sealing. Furthermore, since the control device 20 calculates the average temperature efficiency εA in a state where the temperature efficiency ε and the operating frequency of the compressor 1 are stable, it is possible to more accurately determine the suitability of the refrigerant amount.

  Further, in the conventional configuration, the shortage amount of refrigerant, which is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount, is used as the heat source side heat exchanger 3, the first pipe 10, It calculates | requires based on the density and internal volume of the refrigerant | coolant in the 2nd piping 11 and the utilization side heat exchanger 7. FIG. However, when the change width of the gas refrigerant density is also taken into consideration, the change in the refrigerant amount is large even in an element such as the receiver 4 having a relatively large volume, and the change in the refrigerant amount in the receiver 4 is used as the calculation condition of the refrigerant filling amount. I need to think about it. In this regard, in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the calculation elements are expanded, that is, the control apparatus 20 employs a configuration in which the information on the specification of the liquid receiver 4 is used when calculating the insufficient filling amount. Yes. For this reason, it is possible to more accurately calculate the shortage amount that needs to be filled with respect to the desired reference refrigerant amount.

  Furthermore, in the conventional refrigeration apparatus, the determination of the refrigerant filling amount is forcibly terminated if the conditions that make a predetermined determination impossible (detection impossible condition, stability determination condition) are satisfied, and thereafter It is the structure which does not implement determination. In this regard, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, when the control device 20 determines that the stability determination condition or the like is not satisfied, the notification unit 21 is notified alternately of a prompt for another method and an error. Therefore, the refrigerant filling operation can be completed. That is, the refrigerant charging can be completed by performing the determination once, without the determination of the refrigerant charging amount returning to the start depending on the temperature condition or the like.

  Further, in the refrigeration apparatus of Patent Document 1, only the amount of filling or the indication of the completion of filling is displayed, and information related to the amount of filling of the refrigerant (currently at which stage of filling, how much is filled, and the amount of filling is insufficient) There is a problem that it is impossible to grasp information such as whether it is displayed. In this regard, in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the control apparatus 20 urges the refrigerant filling according to the magnitude relationship between the temperature efficiency ε, the determination threshold εline1, and the interruption determination threshold εline2, and reduces the refrigerant charging speed. Since the notification unit 21 is configured to notify the user of the prompting or the interrupting of the refrigerant charging, information related to the refrigerant charging amount such as the refrigerant charging amount up to now can be appropriately grasped.

  In addition, in the conventional configuration, the local information such as the condenser, the evaporator, or the extension pipe length is required to be input at the start of the determination. However, in the prior art, the load equipment corresponding to the evaporator side information is supported. However, there is a problem that there are only two options of the unit cooler and the showcase, and the case where the unit cooler and the showcase are mixed cannot be dealt with. In this regard, in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment, the plurality of usage-side units 200 are configured to include at least a unit cooler and a showcase, and when the control device 20 determines the insufficient enclosure amount, Since information on the internal volume of the unit cooler, the internal volume of the showcase, or the internal volume in the case of mixing the unit cooler and the showcase is used as information on the specifications of the heat exchanger 7, the unit cooler and the showcase are used. It is possible to cope with a mixture of the above.

[Embodiment 2]
Next, the refrigeration apparatus in the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a display example in the notification unit 21 of the second embodiment, and specifically shows a display of a 7-segment LED during the refrigerant filling amount determination. That is, the refrigeration apparatus in the second embodiment is characterized in that each information during the refrigerant filling amount determination can be notified by the 7-segment LED employed as the notification unit 21. About the same component as Embodiment 1 mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted using the same code | symbol.

  The control device 20 according to the second embodiment also notifies the temperature efficiency ε when notifying the notification unit 21 that the refrigerant is urged. Here, each display illustrated in FIG. 11 is displayed when a specific display such as an initial filled amount, an insufficient filled amount, or an error code is not performed. As shown in FIG. 11, “current refrigerant filling stage”, “low pressure”, and “temperature efficiency ε value” are displayed in order, so that the current refrigerant filling state (what kind of refrigerant filling state) is present. It becomes clear. Further, the control device 20 is configured to display an instantaneous value as the value of the temperature efficiency ε. For this reason, for example, in steps S109 to S111 of FIG. 4, if the preset interruption determination threshold value εline2 is known, the operator determines how much the sealing speed is reduced and how much the sealing is stopped. Judgment can be made.

  In the above description, the notification method has been described by taking a case where a 7-segment LED is applied as the notification unit 21, but the notification unit 21 may be a liquid crystal display. The notification unit 21 may perform arbitrary display such as level display using a plurality of LED lamps or the like, or changing the emission color of the LED. Furthermore, the method of notification by the notification unit 21 is not limited to display, and specific information may be notified by, for example, a buzzer sound or voice.

  Also in the refrigeration apparatus of the second embodiment, the control device 20 notifies that the refrigerant is urged during the additional sealing, and calculates and notifies the insufficient sealing amount when the additional sealing is finished. In addition, since the additional sealing after the initial sealing can be executed smoothly and the insufficient charging amount can be accurately calculated, a more appropriate amount of the refrigerant can be sealed in less time and without trouble. In addition, the refrigeration apparatus of the second embodiment uses the notification unit 21 including a 7-segment LED or the like to sequentially transmit information such as “current refrigerant filling stage”, “low pressure”, and “temperature efficiency ε value”. By notifying the operator, it is possible to make the worker clearly recognize the progress of the refrigerant filling operation, the refrigerant filling state, or the like, so that the workability can be improved. That is, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the second embodiment, the information that can be notified by the LED display or the like that is performed at the time of refrigerant amount determination can be made more detailed. The level can be easily understood.

[Embodiment 3]
Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the sealing step by the refrigeration apparatus in the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the enclosing step described in the first embodiment. About the same component as Embodiment 1 and 2 mentioned above, description is abbreviate | omitted using the same code | symbol.

  The control device 20 according to the third embodiment causes each step (FIG. 4: steps S105 to S113) from the start of operation of the compressor 1 after the initial enclosure to the completion of additional enclosure to be performed using another method. After the continuous operation of the compressor 1 (FIG. 4: step S114), the same sealing step as in the first embodiment is performed.

  Here, as another method described above, for example, the same method as the other method of encapsulating the refrigerant described in the first embodiment can be used. That is, another method is, for example, checking a separately provided LED lamp, and sealing the refrigerant until the temperature efficiency ε is equal to or higher than the threshold value and the LED lamp is turned on, or checking a window previously attached to the first pipe 10 On the other hand, there are a method in which the refrigerant is sealed until the flash gas disappears, or a method in which the refrigerant is sealed up to a set liquid level while checking a window previously attached to the liquid receiver 4.

  Therefore, when step S104 is completed, the control device 20 of the third embodiment does not proceed to step S105, but performs notification for implementing the refrigerant sealing by the method exemplified above. In response to the notification, the operator who has completed the additional encapsulation performs a substrate operation or the like, and is notified that the additional encapsulation has been completed, the control device 20 shifts to the encapsulation step after step S114.

  The control device 20 of the refrigeration apparatus in the third embodiment performs the sealing step after the start of the compressor operation after the initial sealing, that is, each step of the additional sealing is performed by another method, and when the sealing by another method is finished In addition, a configuration is adopted in which an insufficient filling amount is calculated and notified. For this reason, since it is possible to smoothly perform the refrigerant charging by ignoring the non-detectable condition and the stability determination condition in the additional sealing step, an appropriate amount of the refrigerant can be smoothly sealed. That is, according to the refrigeration apparatus of the third embodiment, at the time of refrigerant amount determination, since it is not determined whether or not the detection disabling condition and the stability determination condition are satisfied, an appropriate amount of refrigerant is not generated without being determined. Can be encapsulated.

  Each embodiment mentioned above is a suitable example in a refrigerating device, and the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to these modes unless there is a statement which limits the present invention especially. For example, in FIGS. 1 to 3, the configuration in which the notification unit 21 is provided in the control device 20 is illustrated. However, the configuration is not limited thereto, and the notification unit 21 is provided as a configuration different from the control device 20. Also good. In addition, when the control device 20 determines that the stability determination condition is not satisfied (FIG. 4: S117 / NO), an example of alternately informing that another method is prompted and an error has been shown. For example, the operator may be able to select any notification information. Further, FIG. 11 shows an example in which the control device 20 sequentially displays “current refrigerant filling stage”, “low pressure”, and “temperature efficiency ε value” on the LED segment as the notification unit 21. For example, an operator may select and switch any display information.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 Oil separator, 3 Heat source side heat exchanger, 4 Liquid receiver, 5 Supercooling heat exchanger, 6 Expansion valve, 7 Use side heat exchanger, 8 Accumulator, 10 1st piping (liquid piping) , 11 Second pipe (gas pipe), 12 Extension pipe, 13 Electronic expansion valve, 14 Double pipe supercooler, 15 First temperature sensor, 16 Outside air temperature sensor, 18 Second temperature sensor, 19 Third temperature sensor, 20 control unit, 21 notification unit, 100, 100A, 100B heat source side unit, 200 utilization side unit, 300A, 300B compression unit, ET evaporation temperature, ETm target evaporation temperature, TH5 condenser outlet temperature, TH6 outside air temperature, TH8 supercooling Heat exchanger outlet temperature, VPG, VPL, Vcond, Veva, VrecG inner volume, ΔMr insufficient amount, ΔρPG, ΔρPL, Δρcond, Δρev a, ΔρrecG density fluctuation, ε temperature efficiency, εA average temperature efficiency, εline1 determination threshold, εline2 interruption determination threshold, εlineA average determination threshold, η predetermined value, ρPG, ρPL, ρcond, ρeva, ρrecG refrigerant density.

Claims (7)

A heat source side unit having a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger, a liquid receiver, and a supercooling heat exchanger;
A user side unit having an expansion valve and a user side heat exchanger;
A refrigerant pipe connecting the heat source side unit and the use side unit;
Based on the temperature efficiency of the supercooling heat exchanger, which is a value obtained by dividing the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant at the outlet of the supercooling heat exchanger by the maximum temperature difference of the supercooling heat exchanger, A control device for determining the suitability of the amount of refrigerant sealed in the refrigerant circuit formed by the use side unit and the refrigerant pipe;
An informing unit for informing information related to the amount of refrigerant enclosed in the refrigerant circuit;
Have
The controller is
During the additional enclosure in which additional refrigerant is added during operation of the compressor ,
Wherein when the temperature efficiency is less than the determination threshold value set in advance or more consecutive predetermined time, then controller generates a notice of a request for the refrigerant sealed in the notification section,
After the temperature efficiency is continuously above the determination threshold for a predetermined time or more,
When the temperature efficiency is less than the interruption determination threshold that is set to be greater than the determination threshold continuously for a predetermined time or more, the notification unit is informed that the cooling rate of the refrigerant is reduced, and the temperature efficiency is determined for a predetermined time. In the case where it is continuously greater than or equal to the interruption determination threshold, the notification unit is informed that the interruption of refrigerant filling is urged,
When finishing the additional encapsulation,
A refrigeration apparatus that obtains a shortage amount of refrigerant, which is a shortage of refrigerant with respect to a preset reference refrigerant amount, and informs the informing unit thereof. The heat source side heat exchanger functions as a refrigerant condenser compressed by the compressor,
2. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the use side heat exchanger functions as an evaporator of a refrigerant sent from the heat source side heat exchanger via the liquid receiver and the expansion valve. The refrigerant pipe is
A first pipe having one end connected to the supercooling heat exchanger and the other end connected to the expansion valve;
A second pipe having one end connected to the compressor and the other end connected to the user side heat exchanger;
The control device is based on at least the density and the internal volume of the refrigerant inside each of the heat source side heat exchanger, the first pipe, the second pipe, the use side heat exchanger, and the liquid receiver. The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the deficient enclosure amount is obtained. The said control apparatus calculates the initial enclosure amount based on the density and internal volume of the refrigerant | coolant inside the said 1st piping and the said use side heat exchanger at least, and makes the said alerting | reporting part notify the calculated initial enclosure amount. Item 4. The refrigeration apparatus according to item 3 . A plurality of the use side units are provided,
The plurality of usage-side units include at least a unit cooler and a showcase,
The controller, when determining the amount of insufficient filling, as the internal volume of the use-side heat exchanger, as the internal volume of the unit cooler, the internal volume of the showcase, or the content in the case of mixing the unit cooler and the showcase The refrigeration apparatus according to claim 3 or 4 , wherein a product is used. The internal volume of the use side heat exchanger is divided into two or more patterns in advance based on the information on the evaporation temperature zone of the use side heat exchanger ,
Wherein the control device, in determining said insufficient charging amount, as the internal volume of said use side heat exchanger, the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 3-5 using the values of the respective patterns. The refrigeration apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the control device also notifies the temperature efficiency when notifying the notification unit that the refrigerant is urged.

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