JP6288444B2 - Cultivation support method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cultivation support technique for appropriately maintaining the environment of a crop cultivated in a field.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, techniques for automatically detecting abnormalities in the environment of a crop cultivated in a field or automatically controlling cultivation equipment in accordance with changes in the field environment are known.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration in which when a measured temperature in a house becomes an abnormally high temperature or an abnormally low temperature, this is detected and a telephone call is automatically made to a predetermined station number. Moreover, in patent document 2, the structure which sounds a buzzer when the temperature and humidity around a plant deviate from the management range is disclosed. Or in patent document 3, the structure which winds up and rewinds the vinyl of an opening-and-closing part according to the temperature and humidity in a greenhouse is disclosed.

Japanese Utility Model Publication 1-146656 JP-A-60-188015 JP 63-44819 A

  In recent years, it has been found that appropriate ranges such as temperature and humidity related to the environment of a crop change depending on the growth stage of the crop. For example, the appropriate temperature range is not necessarily the same immediately after sowing seeds and before harvesting, and may be different. For this reason, in order to efficiently produce a high-quality crop, it is preferable to monitor the environment while changing the appropriate range of the environment according to the growth stage of the crop.

  However, in the past, since it was extremely difficult to grasp the growth stage of crops, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1-3, appropriate ranges such as temperature and humidity have to be set and fixed in advance. It was.

  The present invention provides a cultivation support method capable of appropriately maintaining the environment of a crop cultivated in a field according to the growth stage of the crop.

In one aspect of the present invention, the cultivation support method includes a first step for integrating soil temperature data measured by a field observation device installed in a field from a predetermined date and time to obtain an integrated value, and the first step. The parent device that has obtained the integrated value obtained in step 1 or a computer capable of exchanging data through communication with the parent device or via a medium is cultivated in the field based on the integrated value. A second step of determining an appropriate range of a predetermined physical quantity related to the environment of the crop, and measurement of the predetermined physical quantity acquired by the parent device or the computer by the field observation device or a sensor other than the field observation device. The data is compared with the appropriate range determined in the second step, and it is determined from this comparison result whether the environment of the crop deviates from a state suitable for cultivation. That third and a step, wherein the base unit, work log the user on the Cultivation is configured so as to be input, in the first step, the predetermined time for starting the integration is the work log Set based on.

According to the present invention, an appropriate range such as a temperature related to the environment of the crop is determined based on the integrated value of the soil temperature data associated with the growth stage of the crop. Then, the appropriate range is compared with measurement data such as temperature, and it is determined whether or not the environment of the crop deviates from a state suitable for cultivation. Moreover, the date and time when the integration of the soil temperature data is started is set based on a user work log related to cultivation that is input to the master unit. Therefore, the environment of the crop in the field can be appropriately maintained according to the growth stage of the crop.

Image of field observation system according to an embodiment Example of the appearance of a field observation device Functional configuration diagram of a field observation system according to an embodiment Diagram showing functions and data flow around the control unit of the management device It is an example of the relationship between the accumulated soil temperature and the appropriate range of environmental physical quantities, (a) for spinach, (b) for eggplant Example of cultivation plan information The flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process in embodiment Other examples of relationship between accumulated soil temperature and appropriate range of environmental physical quantities Image of configuration using cloud computer

  Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an image diagram of a field observation system according to an embodiment. In FIG. 1, a field observation device (child device) 100 is installed in a field where crops such as spinach and eggplant are grown, and measures soil temperature, soil humidity, temperature, humidity, illuminance, etc. Send wirelessly. The management device 200 is carried by, for example, a user 1 who performs farm work, and operates as a parent device of the farm field observation device 100. When the user 1 carrying the management device 200 approaches the field observation device 100, a transmission request is made from the management device 200 to the field observation device 100, and the field observation device 100 transmits data to the management device 200. Such a communication mode can be realized by existing short-range wireless communication such as NFC (Near Field Communication) or specific low-power wireless communication. In addition, for example, in the initial setting of observation, setting data is transmitted from the management device 200 to the field observation device 100. The management apparatus 200 has a touch panel 50 so that data display and operation input are possible.

  FIG. 2 is an example of the appearance of the field observation apparatus 100. In the example of FIG. 2, the agricultural field observation apparatus 100 includes an underground burying unit 110 embedded in the agricultural field and an apparatus main body 120. A soil temperature sensor 11 and a soil humidity sensor 12 are built in the underground burying section 110. In addition, a reference line 18 is provided on the surface of the underground burying portion 110 as a guide for the burial depth. The apparatus main body 120 is provided with an air temperature sensor 13, a humidity sensor 14, and an illuminance sensor 15. The field observation apparatus 100 has a built-in battery (not shown) and is operated by this battery.

  FIG. 3 is a functional configuration diagram of the field observation system according to the embodiment. In FIG. 3, the farm field observation apparatus 100 includes a sensing unit 10, a control unit 20, a memory 30, and a communication unit 40. Here, the sensing unit 10 includes a soil temperature sensor 11 and a soil humidity sensor 12 built in the underground burying unit 110, and an air temperature sensor 13, a humidity sensor 14, and an illuminance sensor 15 provided in the apparatus main body 120. The control unit 20 stores the measurement data acquired by each sensor 11-15 included in the sensing unit 10 in the memory 30 with a predetermined period. In this case, the measurement periods of the sensors 11-15 need not all be the same. For example, the illuminance sensor 14 has a 30-minute cycle, the soil temperature sensor 11, the air temperature sensor 13 and the humidity sensor 14 have a one-hour cycle, the soil humidity sensor 12 has a 12-hour cycle, and so on. Good. The communication unit 40 transmits the data stored in the memory 30 to the management apparatus 200 and receives setting data transmitted from the management apparatus 200. As indicated by the broken line, the field observation device 100 may include the arithmetic processing unit 25.

  The management device 200 includes a communication unit 60, a control unit 70, and a memory 80. The communication unit 60 receives data transmitted from the field observation device 100 and transmits setting data to the field observation device 100. The control unit 70 stores data received by the communication unit 60 in the memory 80 or performs arithmetic processing on the data stored in the memory 80. The management apparatus 200 includes a display unit 51, an operation input unit 52, and a notification unit 90. In the present embodiment, the display unit 51 and the operation input unit 52 are realized as the touch panel 50, but are not limited thereto.

  Here, as described in the section of the problem, the appropriate range such as the temperature related to the environment of the crop changes depending on the growth stage of the crop. For this reason, in order to efficiently produce a high-quality crop, it is preferable to monitor the environment while changing the appropriate range of the environment according to the growth stage of the crop. In addition, it has been found by the inventors' experiment that the growth stage of a crop is associated with an integrated value (integrated ground temperature) of soil temperature data of the field.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, a method for assisting so as to appropriately maintain the environment of the cultivated crop according to the growth stage by utilizing the integrated value of the soil temperature data is disclosed. That is, the soil temperature data measured by the field observation device 100 installed in the field is integrated from a predetermined date and time to obtain an integrated value. Then, based on this integrated value, a predetermined physical quantity relating to the environment of the cultivated crop, for example, an appropriate range such as temperature is determined. The determined appropriate range is compared with actual measurement data, and from this comparison result, it is determined whether or not the environment of the crop has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation.

Here, the control unit 70 of the management apparatus 200 performs processing such as calculation of soil temperature data, determination of an appropriate range of the crop environment, and determination of whether or not the crop environment has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation. Shall. Assuming that the soil temperature measurement data is T [° C.] and the measurement interval is Δt [h], the integrated value of the soil temperature data is obtained by the following equation, for example.
In addition, when soil temperature becomes a value of minus Celsius, the problem that an integrated value becomes small gradually arises. In order to avoid this problem, for example, a method of setting the unit of soil temperature to Fahrenheit (F) can be considered. Alternatively, the integration calculation may be performed after adding a predetermined offset value to the soil temperature data.

  Note that the control unit 70 and the like of the management apparatus 200 may be configured by a processor and a computer program. The computer program is stored in the memory 80 or another storage unit (not shown). Similarly, the control unit 20 and the like of the field observation device 100 may be configured by a processor and a computer program. The computer program is stored in the memory 30 or another storage unit (not shown).

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control unit 70 and its peripheral functional blocks and data flow in the management apparatus 200. In FIG. 4, the data acquisition unit 72, the integration processing unit 74, the appropriate range determination unit 76, and the determination unit 78 are realized by the control unit 70. The first storage unit 82, the second storage unit 84, the relational database (DB) 86, and the third storage unit 88 are realized by the memory 80. The first storage unit 82 stores soil temperature data measured by the field observation device 100. The 2nd storage part 84 stores the cultivation information which specifies the plan etc. of the crops grown in a field. The relationship DB 86 specifies the relationship between the integrated value of soil temperature data (integrated ground temperature) and the appropriate range of environmental physical quantities. The 3rd storage part 88 preserve | saves the user's work log regarding cultivation.

  The data acquisition unit 72 acquires the soil temperature data transmitted from the field observation device 100 via the communication unit 60 and stores it in the first storage unit 82. Further, the data acquisition unit 72 acquires measurement data such as temperature transmitted from the field observation device 100 via the communication unit 60 and sends the measurement data to the determination unit 78. The integration processing unit 74 reads the soil temperature data from the first storage unit 82 and performs an integration calculation. The appropriate range determination unit 76 refers to the relation DB 86 and determines the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity of the field based on the accumulated ground temperature received from the accumulation processing unit 74.

  In the relation DB 86, for example, a database is prepared that specifies the relation between the integrated value of the soil temperature data and the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity for a plurality of types of crops. In this case, the appropriate range determination unit 76 may select and refer to a database corresponding to the crop cultivated in the field. For example, the user 1 may specify the crops cultivated in the field using the operation input unit 51, or, as will be described later, using the field identification information transmitted from the field observation device 100. It can also be done automatically.

  The determination unit 78 compares the measurement data received from the data acquisition unit 72 with the appropriate range determined by the appropriate range determination unit 76 to determine whether the environment of the crop has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation. . The determination result by the determination unit 78 is displayed on the display unit 51, for example. Alternatively, when the determination unit 78 determines that the environment of the crop has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation, the notification unit 90 generates a sound or a specific sound for notification.

  Moreover, even if the data acquisition part 72 acquires agricultural field ID transmitted from the agricultural field observation apparatus 100, and refers to the cultivation information stored in the 2nd storage part 84 using agricultural field ID as an example of this agricultural field specific information. Good. Thereby, it is possible to obtain crop information, that is, information relating to the type of crop cultivated in the field. That is, the crop cultivated in the field can be automatically specified using the field specifying information transmitted from the field observation device 100. The obtained crop information is sent to the appropriate range determination unit 76, and is used, for example, to select a database in the relation DB 86.

  Further, by referring to the cultivation information stored in the second storage unit 84 using the farm field ID, the farm field information, that is, information regarding the facility information and address of the farm field may be obtained. The facility information is, for example, a house, an open field, or a house in the case of a double pasted house or a glass house in the case of a house. This field information is sent to the determination unit 78, and is used, for example, to correct the appropriate range determined by the appropriate range determination unit 76. In other words, the environmental physical quantity may be corrected using the facility information and address of the field. For example, the appropriate range of illuminance may be corrected according to whether it is a house or an open field, or the appropriate range of soil temperature may be corrected according to the climate determined by the address, the altitude of the land, or the like.

  FIG. 5 is an example of a database stored in the relation DB 86, where (a) is an example of spinach and (b) is an example of eggplant. In the example of FIG. 5A, the growth stage is divided into five stages according to the value of the accumulated ground temperature, and appropriate ranges are determined for the soil temperature, temperature, humidity, soil humidity, and illuminance at each stage. In the example of FIG. 5B, the growth stage is divided into four stages according to the accumulated soil temperature value, and appropriate ranges are determined for the soil temperature, air temperature, humidity, soil humidity, and illuminance at each stage.

  FIG. 6 is an example of cultivation information stored in the second storage unit 84. In the example of FIG. 6, there are four fields. For example, in the field with field ID “2”, radish is cultivated in January to March, melon in April to July, and melon in September to November. Is represented.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing and cultivation work in the cultivation support method according to the present embodiment.

  The user 1 installs the field observation device 100 in the field and turns on the power (S11). Then, the management apparatus 200 refers to the cultivation information and confirms the crops to be cultivated in the field (S12). Here, for example, it is assumed that spinach is cultivated in the field with the field ID “1”. The user 1 performs an operation of sowing seeds of spinach (S13). Then, “seeding” is input to the management apparatus 200 as a work log (S14). By the input of the work log “seeding”, the start date and time of the soil temperature data integration calculation is determined.

  Thereafter, until the spinach is harvested, the management apparatus 200 monitors whether or not the spinach environment is maintained in a state suitable for cultivation (S15-S21). That is, when the user 1 having the management device 200 approaches the field observation device 100, the management device 200 receives measurement data that has not been transmitted from the field observation device 100 (S15). Among the measurement data, the soil temperature data is stored in the memory 80 (S16). The control unit 70 performs an integration calculation on the stored soil temperature data (S17), and reads an appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity from the relation DB 86 based on the obtained integration value (S18). Further, the read appropriate range is corrected by the field information of the field ID “1”, for example, an address (S19). This correction process may be omitted.

  And it compares with the appropriate range determined by step S18, S19 about the measurement data received by step S15 (S20), and it is judged from this comparison result whether the environment of spinach deviated from the state suitable for cultivation. (S21). When it is determined that the vehicle has deviated (Yes in S21), for example, notification is performed by the notification unit 90 (S22). The user 1 who notices the notification releases the notification (S23) and takes measures at the field site so that the spinach environment returns to a state suitable for cultivation. On the other hand, when it is determined that there is no departure (No in S21), the process returns to step S15, and the monitoring of the spinach environment is continued.

  When the user 1 harvests the spinach (S31), the user 1 inputs “harvest” as a work log to the management apparatus 200 (S32). By inputting the work log “harvest”, processing such as integration calculation of soil temperature data, determination of an appropriate range, comparison with measurement data, and the like are stopped.

  Various determination methods can be considered in step S21. For example, when the measurement data deviates from the appropriate range even once, it may be determined that the state has deviated from the state suitable for cultivation, or when the measurement data deviates continuously from the appropriate range for a predetermined number of days or more, You may judge that it deviated from the suitable state. In addition, when the measurement data deviates from the appropriate range for a predetermined number of days or more, for example, when the measurement data deviates for 3 days or more in one week, it may be determined that the measurement data deviates from a state suitable for cultivation.

  Further, it may be determined by combining a plurality of types of physical quantities. For example, when the temperature once deviates from the proper range and the illuminance deviates from the proper range for three or more consecutive days, it may be determined that the state has deviated from the state suitable for cultivation. Alternatively, when the temperature once deviates from the appropriate range, or when the humidity deviates from the appropriate range for three or more consecutive days, it may be determined that the temperature has deviated from the state suitable for cultivation. Good.

  Further, the determination method as described above may be changed for each type of crop, or may be changed for each field.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the soil temperature data measured by the field observation device 100 installed in the field is integrated by the management device 200 from a predetermined date and time to obtain an integrated value. Then, the management device 200 determines an appropriate range such as the temperature related to the environment of the crop based on the integrated value of the soil temperature data associated with the growth stage of the crop, and compares the appropriate range with measurement data such as the temperature. Determine whether the crop environment deviates from a state suitable for cultivation. Therefore, it is possible to support the user 1 who performs the farm work so that the environment of the crop in the field can be appropriately maintained according to the growth stage of the crop.

(Other embodiments)
In the above-described embodiment, the appropriate range is determined for soil temperature, air temperature, humidity, soil humidity, and illuminance. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the predetermined physical quantity for determining the appropriate range is the soil temperature. It is sufficient that at least one of temperature, humidity, soil humidity and illuminance is included.

  Moreover, the kind of environmental physical quantity which specifies an appropriate range may change for every growth stage. For example, in stage 1 after sowing, an appropriate range regarding the air temperature may be determined, and in the next stage 2, an appropriate range regarding the illuminance and soil humidity may be determined.

  Moreover, even if it is the same growth stage, you may set a different suitable range according to a time slot | zone, for example. FIG. 8 shows another example of the database stored in the relation DB 86, and different appropriate ranges are set for the air temperature during the day and at night.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the timing which starts integration | accumulation of a soil temperature sensor shall be set based on the user's work log regarding cultivation, it is not restricted to this. For example, the date when the user operates the management apparatus 200 to start integration may be set. In the above-described embodiment, an example is shown in which accumulation is started from the work “seeding” in spinach cultivation. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and an appropriate start timing is set according to the type of crop, the field, and the like. do it.

  In the above embodiment, the data measured by the field observation device 100 is compared with the appropriate range. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the measurement data measured by a sensor other than the field observation device is used. You may make it compare with an appropriate range.

  In the above-described embodiment, the relationship between the integrated value of the soil temperature data and the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity is prepared in the form of a database. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the relationship between the integrated value of the soil temperature data and the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity may be specified by a function.

  In the above-described embodiment, the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity is determined from the integrated value of the soil temperature data. However, the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity is determined by adding other parameters together with the integrated value of the soil temperature data. You can decide. For example, the appropriate range of air temperature may be determined using the integrated value of soil temperature data and illuminance data together.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the determined appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity is corrected based on the field information has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. It may be corrected. In this case, for example, the soil inspection result of the field owned by the user 1 is input to the management apparatus 200, and the determination unit 78 corrects the appropriate range of the environmental physical quantity based on the soil inspection result. .

  In the above-described embodiment, the management apparatus 200 performs processing such as integration calculation of soil temperature data, determination of an appropriate range of the crop environment, and determination of whether or not the crop environment has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation. I did it, but it is not limited to this.

  For example, the integration calculation of the soil temperature data may be executed by the field observation device 100 itself that has measured the soil temperature data, and the calculated integration value may be transmitted to the management device 200. In this case, the calculation processing unit 25 in the field observation device 100 shown in FIG.

  Further, the process for determining the appropriate range of the crop environment and the process for determining whether or not the crop environment has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation may be executed by a computer other than the management apparatus 200. This computer only needs to be able to exchange data with the management apparatus 200, for example, by communication or via a medium. For example, the PC at the user's home may receive data from the management device 200 via, for example, a memory card and execute the processing. Alternatively, the cloud computer may receive data from the management apparatus 200 via the Internet and execute processing.

  FIG. 9 is an image of a configuration using a cloud computer. In the configuration of FIG. 9, for example, the management apparatus 200 transmits the integrated value of soil temperature data and measurement data such as temperature to the service provider server 3 via the Internet 2. Then, the service provider server 3 performs the processing shown in the above embodiment, and transmits the processing result to the management apparatus 200 via the Internet 2. In this configuration, the service provider can conceal information (relationship DB 86) related to the relationship between the integrated value of the soil temperature data and the appropriate environmental range from the user as know-how. In addition, for example, when a variety is improved, the information can be obtained from the seedling company server 5 and the relational DB 86 can be quickly updated.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, when the environment of the crop deviates from a state suitable for cultivation, the fact is displayed on the display unit 51 or notified by the notification unit 90. It is not something that can be done. For example, control of cultivation equipment in the field, such as opening and closing of the opening and closing part of the greenhouse and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the air conditioner, should be performed based on the judgment result of whether the crop environment has deviated from the state suitable for cultivation. It doesn't matter.

  In this invention, since the environment of the crop cultivated in the field can be appropriately maintained according to the growth stage of the crop, it is effective for efficiently producing high quality vegetables and fruits, for example.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 User 2 Internet 3 Service provider server 10 Sensing part 11 Soil temperature sensor 12 Soil humidity sensor 13 Air temperature sensor 14 Humidity sensor 15 Illuminance sensor 51 Display part 70 Control part 72 Data acquisition part 74 Integration processing part 76 Appropriate range determination part 78 Judgment Unit 82 First storage unit 84 Second storage unit 86 Relational database 88 Third storage unit 90 Notification unit 100 Field observation device (child device)
200 Management device (base unit)

Claims (11)

A first step of integrating the soil temperature data measured by the field observation device installed in the field from a predetermined date and time to obtain an integrated value;
The parent device that has obtained the integrated value obtained in the first step, or a computer capable of exchanging data by communication with the parent device or via a medium, based on the integrated value, A second step of determining an appropriate range of a predetermined physical quantity relating to the environment of the crop cultivated in
The master or the computer compares the measurement data of the predetermined physical quantity acquired by the field observation device or a sensor other than the field observation device with the appropriate range determined in the second step, and the comparison result From the third step of determining whether the environment of the crop has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation ,
The master unit is configured to be able to input a user work log related to cultivation,
The cultivation support method according to the first step, wherein the predetermined date and time for starting integration is set based on the work log . In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method, wherein the predetermined physical quantity includes at least one of soil temperature, air temperature, humidity, soil humidity, and illuminance. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The master or the computer, for each of a plurality of types of crops, prepares a database for identifying the relationship between the integrated value of soil temperature data and the appropriate range of the predetermined physical quantity,
In the second step, the parent device or the computer selects and refers to the database corresponding to the crop that is cultivated in the field. In the cultivation support method of Claim 3,
The base unit or the computer is preparing cultivation information for identifying a plan of a crop to be cultivated for the farm field,
Field identification information for identifying the field where the field observation device is installed is transmitted from the field observation device to the master unit,
In the second step, the parent device or the computer identifies a crop that is cultivated in the field by referring to the cultivation information using the transmitted field identification information. Method. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method, wherein the base unit includes a display unit, and the determination result of the third step is displayed on the display unit. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method according to claim 1, wherein when the base unit determines that the environment of the crop has deviated from a state suitable for cultivation in the third step, the parent unit emits a voice or a specific sound to notify. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
In the second step, the parent device or the computer corrects the appropriate range using facility information or an address of the farm field. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method, wherein the master unit receives soil temperature data from the field observation device and executes the first step. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method, wherein the field observation device executes the first step and transmits the obtained integrated value to the parent device. In the cultivation assistance method of Claim 1,
The cultivation support method characterized by controlling cultivation equipment of the field based on a judgment result by the 3rd step. From the field observation device installed in the field, obtain the soil temperature data of the field,
Obtain measurement data of a predetermined physical quantity of the field,
The acquired measurement data is determined based on an integrated value obtained by integrating the acquired soil temperature data from a predetermined date and time, and deviates from a range suitable for the cultivation environment of the crop cultivated in the field. Information indicating whether or not to the user terminal ,
The cultivation support method , wherein the predetermined date and time for starting the accumulation is set based on a user work log relating to cultivation input to a parent device .