JP6275081B2 - Railcar frame and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railcar frame and a method of manufacturing the same.

  There is also a demand for low-floor vehicles for rail vehicles. A general railway vehicle has a configuration in which a carriage is arranged below the underframe. For this reason, an opening into which the upper part of the air spring can be inserted is formed on the lower surface of the pillow beam composed of the hollow extruded shape of the underframe, and a disk-shaped air spring receiving plate and an opening edge are formed on the upper part of the opening. A concave portion is formed by providing a cylindrical air spring guide member that connects the peripheral edge of the air spring receiving plate, and an upper portion of the air spring is inserted into the concave portion, whereby the vehicle body floor surface is formed at the height of the concave portion. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP-A-9-254786

  However, in the recess into which the air spring described in Patent Document 1 is inserted, an air spring receiving plate, an air spring guide member, and the like different from the members constituting the pillow beam are required. That is, the concave portion is formed by fitting the air spring receiving plate, the air spring guide member, and the like from the opening and welding them to the pillow beam. When the concave portion is formed by welding as described above, the strength of the concave portion at the welded portion is reduced, so that the strength of the entire concave portion is reduced. Furthermore, heat distortion occurs in the air spring backing plate or the like due to welding, and the quality deteriorates.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a railcar frame and a method for manufacturing the railcar, in which the strength reduction of the spring receiving portion is suppressed and the quality is improved.

  The undercarriage of the railway vehicle of the present invention is spanned between the pair of side beams along a crossing direction that intersects the extending direction of the side beams, and a pair of side beams that are spaced apart and parallel to each other. In a carriage frame of a railway vehicle having a pillow support with a spring receiving portion formed as a recess into which an upper portion of an air spring provided in the carriage can be inserted, the pillow beam is along the crossing direction. The bottom surface of the concave portion that is formed of a hollow extruded section having an extending cylindrical portion and a partition portion that divides the internal space of the cylindrical portion into an upper space and a lower space, and constitutes the spring receiving portion. Is constituted by the lower surface of the partition part exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical part.

  According to this, the bottom surface of the concave portion that comes into contact with the upper portion of the air spring inserted into the spring receiving portion is constituted by the lower surface of the partition portion exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion. That is, in order to form the bottom surface of the concave portion constituting the spring receiving portion, it is not necessary to weld another plate material that can be the bottom surface. For this reason, the strength fall of the spring receiving part resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since a spring receiving part is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in a spring receiving part, and quality improves. In addition, in the portion other than the spring receiving portion of the pillow beam, the partition portion is present in the cylindrical portion, so that the strength is increased.

  In the present invention, a middle beam extending along the extending direction of the side beam and having one end connected to a central portion in the crossing direction of the pillow beam, the middle beam is formed, and a coupler can be attached. It is preferable that the spring receiving portion is formed at a position other than the central portion of the pillow beam. Accordingly, the strength of the central portion of the pillow beam is higher than that of the portion where the spring receiving portion is formed. The middle beam is connected to the central part of this high-strength pillow beam. For this reason, even if the impact force from the coupler is received through the middle beam at the center of the pillow beam, the pillow beam is less likely to be plastically deformed. Therefore, it becomes possible to suppress attachment of the reinforcing member for suppressing plastic deformation of the pillow beam.

  The railcar frame manufacturing method according to the present invention includes a pair of side beams arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and a bridge between the pair of side beams along a crossing direction intersecting with an extending direction of the side beams. In the manufacturing method of the railcar frame of the railcar having a spring receiving portion formed on the lower surface of a spring receiving portion configured as a recess into which the upper portion of the air spring provided in the carriage is inserted, and along the cross direction A hollow extruded section having a tubular portion extending in an extended direction and a partition portion that divides the internal space of the tubular portion into an upper space and a lower space; and after the preparatory step, the hollow extrusion A spring receiving portion forming step of cutting a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion of the profile and exposing the lower surface of the partition portion to the outside to form the spring receiving portion.

  According to this, in the spring receiving part forming step, it is inserted into the spring receiving part by the lower surface of the partition part exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical part of the hollow extruded shape member prepared in the preparing process. The bottom surface of the recess that contacts the top of the air spring is configured. For this reason, the strength fall of the spring receiving part resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since a spring receiving part is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in a spring receiving part, and quality improves.

According to the railcar frame of the present invention, the concave portion that contacts the upper portion of the air spring inserted into the spring receiving portion by the lower surface of the partition portion exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion. The bottom of is constructed. That is, in order to form the bottom surface of the concave portion constituting the spring receiving portion, it is not necessary to weld another plate material that can be the bottom surface. For this reason, the strength fall of the spring receiving part resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since a spring receiving part is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in a spring receiving part, and quality improves. In addition, in the portion other than the spring receiving portion of the pillow beam, the partition portion is present in the cylindrical portion, so that the strength is increased.
Further, according to the railcar frame manufacturing method of the present invention, in the spring receiving portion forming step, it is exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion of the hollow extruded shape member prepared in the preparation step. The bottom surface of the recess that contacts the upper portion of the air spring inserted into the spring receiving portion is configured by the lower surface of the partition portion. For this reason, the strength fall of the spring receiving part resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since a spring receiving part is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in a spring receiving part, and quality improves.

1 is a schematic side view of a railway vehicle in which a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is employed. It is a principal part top view which shows the front part of the base frame shown in FIG. It is a perspective view when the pillow beam shown in FIG. 2 is seen from diagonally below. It is sectional drawing along the IV-IV line shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing process of the pillow beam of the frame which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a railcar frame according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

[Overall configuration of railway vehicle]
As shown in FIG. 1, the railway vehicle 1 includes a vehicle main body 2, a plurality of carriages 20 attached to a lower end portion of the vehicle main body 2, and two couplers 30. These trolleys 20 are spaced apart in the front-rear direction A. Each bogie 20 has four wheels 21 and two axles (not shown) that extend in the width direction B parallel to the left-right direction that is horizontal and orthogonal to the front-rear direction A, with the wheels 21 fixed at both ends. The carriage frame 22 that supports each axle and two air springs 23 are provided. The air springs 23 are well-known air springs for railway vehicles, and are arranged along the width direction B while being separated from each other on the carriage frame 22. Each carriage 20 supports the vehicle body 2 from below via an air spring 23. In the carriage 20, four wheels 21 rotate as each axle rotates by a driving force from a driving device (not shown). Thereby, the rail vehicle 1 advances to the advancing direction (front or back).

  One coupler 30 is provided at each of a lower portion of the front end portion and a lower portion of the rear end portion of the vehicle body 2. One end of the connector 30 is attached to a mounting portion 40 described later via a plurality of bolts. The coupler 30 is a known coupler that is configured to be connectable to a coupler of another railway vehicle, couples the railway vehicles, and transmits a tensile force during towing and a compressive force during propulsion.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle body 2 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is long in the front-rear direction A parallel to the traveling direction, and includes a base frame 10 that serves as a bottom, a pair of side structures 11, and a pair of wife structures 12. And a roof structure 13. The pair of side structures 11 is erected in the vertical direction C at both ends in the width direction B of the frame 10 and extends in the front-rear direction A. The pair of wife structures 12 are erected in the vertical direction C at both ends in the front-rear direction A of the frame 10 and extend in the width direction B.

  A floor surface 17 is formed on the underframe 10. The roof structure 13 has a rectangular planar shape, and the peripheral end portions thereof are fixed to the upper surfaces of the pair of side structures 11 and the pair of wife structures 12. A guest room is formed in the vehicle body 2. The guest room is configured by being surrounded by a roof structure 13, a floor surface 17, a pair of side structures 11, and a pair of wife structures 12. Thus, the guest room is configured on the underframe 10.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the frame 10 includes a pair of side beams 51 that are spaced apart from each other in parallel, a pair of end beams 52 that are stretched across the front and rear ends of the side beam 51, and a width direction B. A pair of front and rear pillow beams 60 spanned between the pair of side beams 51, a plurality of lateral beams (not shown) spanned between the pair of side beams 51 along the width direction B, and the side beams The two intermediate beams 53 extending in the extending direction of 51 and spanned between the end beam 52 and the pillow beam 60 are formed in a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The vehicle main body 2 configured integrally with such a frame 10 is supported on the carriage 20 via air springs 23 respectively disposed below both ends of the pillow beam 60 in the width direction B. FIG. 2 is a front portion of the underframe 10 and shows a pair of side beams 51, end beams 52, pillow beams 60, and a middle beam 53 constituting the portion. Further, the end beam 52, the pillow beam 60, and the middle beam 53 are arranged in the front part and the rear part of the frame 10, and with respect to a line parallel to the width direction B passing through the center of the frame 10 in the front-rear direction A. Are arranged symmetrically.

  The pair of side beams 51 extends along the front-rear direction A. The side structures 11 are respectively attached to the upper surfaces of the pair of side beams 51. The pair of end beams 52 extend along the width direction B. The wife structures 12 are respectively attached to the upper surfaces of the pair of end beams 52. Both ends of the intermediate beam 53 are connected to the center portion of the end beam 52 and the center portion of the pillow beam 60 in the width direction B. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the middle beam 53 includes a pair of middle beam members 53 a that extend along the front-rear direction A and are spaced apart from each other. On the lower surface of the central portion of the middle beam 53 in the front-rear direction A, the attachment portion 40 is fixed across the pair of middle beam members 53a. One end of the coupler 30 is attached to the attachment portion 40.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the pillow beam 60 is formed by arranging two hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62 extending in the width direction B in the front-rear direction A, and an upper wall 61 a of the hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62. , 62a and the lower walls 61b, 62b are welded together. Moreover, the pillow beam 60 has the cylindrical part 71, the partition part 72, the four upper reinforcement parts 73, and the four lower reinforcement parts 74, as shown in FIG.

  The cylindrical portion 71 has outer walls around the welded hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62 (upper walls 61a and 62a, lower walls 61b and 62b, a side wall 61c of the hollow extruded shape 61, and a side wall 62c of the hollow extruded shape 62. ). The partition portion 72 is composed of horizontal portions 61d and 62d of two hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62. Moreover, the partition part 72 extends along the width direction B in the cylindrical part 71 as shown in FIG. 4, and partitions the internal space of the cylindrical part 71 into an upper space K1 and a lower space K2.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the four upper reinforcing portions 73 are vertically moved so as to connect the upper surface 72a of the partition portion 72 and the lower surface 71a1 of the upper wall 71a of the cylindrical portion 71 formed by the upper walls 61a and 62a. They extend along the direction A and are spaced apart from each other in the front-rear direction A. The four upper reinforcing portions 73 partition the upper space K1 into five spaces. The four lower reinforcing portions 74 extend along the vertical direction A so as to connect the lower surface 72b of the partition portion 72 and the upper surface 71b1 of the lower wall 71b of the cylindrical portion 71 formed by the lower walls 61b and 62b. However, they are arranged apart from each other in the front-rear direction A. The four lower reinforcing portions 74 partition the lower space K2 into five spaces. Further, the four upper reinforcing portions 73 and the four lower reinforcing portions 74 are disposed at positions facing each other vertically with the partition portion 72 interposed therebetween.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the pillow beam 60 is provided with two spring receiving portions 65 for receiving the upper portion of the air spring 23 attached to the carriage 20. The spring receiving portions 65 are respectively formed on the lower surfaces of both end portions in the width direction B of the pillow beam 60. The spring receiving portion 65 includes a part of the lower wall 71b (both ends in the width direction B) of the cylindrical portion 71 constituting the lower surface of the pillow beam 60 and a part of the four lower reinforcing portions 74 (in the width direction B). It is a recess formed by cutting off both ends. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 3, the bottom surface of the recess constituting the spring receiving portion 65 has a partition wall 72 exposed by cutting off a part of the lower wall 71 b and a part of the four lower reinforcing portions 74. It is comprised by the lower surface 72b. The horizontal portions 61d and 62d of the hollow extruded shape members 61 and 62 corresponding to the partition portion 72 constituting the bottom surface of the spring receiving portion 65 are welded to each other. Thereby, the intensity | strength of the spring receiving part 65 improves. In the plan view, the spring receiving portion 65 is formed such that the outer portion is rectangular in the width direction B and the inner portion is semicircular, and the upper portion of the air spring 23 can be arranged.

  Then, the manufacturing method of the frame 10 is demonstrated below, referring FIG. When manufacturing the frame 10, first, a pair of side beams 51, a pair of end beams 52, two pillow beams 60, a plurality of cross beams (not shown), and 2 Two intermediate beams 53 are prepared. The pillow beam 60 is manufactured and prepared as shown in FIG.

  When manufacturing the pillow beam 60, first, two hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62 are prepared. The two prepared hollow extruded shapes 61 and 62 are arranged in the front-rear direction A as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the upper walls 61a and 62a of the hollow extruded shape members 61 and 62 and the lower walls 61b and 62b are welded together. Thereby, one hollow extrusion-shaped material which has the cylindrical part 71 and the partition part 72 is comprised (S1: preparation process).

  Next, a part of the lower wall 71b of the cylindrical part 71 and a part of the four lower reinforcing parts 74 of one hollow extruded shape member prepared in the preparation step of S1 are cut out. The part here is a part where the spring receiving portion 65 is formed, and specifically, is a lower surface portion of both end portions in the width direction B of the hollow extruded shape member (pillow beam 60). By this cutting, a part of the lower surface 72b of the partition part 72 is exposed. The horizontal portions 61d and 62d of the hollow extruded shape members 61 and 62 constituting the exposed partition portion 72 are welded to each other. Thus, the spring receiving portions 65 are formed on the lower surfaces of both end portions of the hollow extruded shape member (pillow beam 60) (S2: spring receiving portion forming step).

  After preparing the pair of pillow beams 60 and the like thus manufactured, the members constituting the frame 10 are assembled with bolts, nuts, welding, and the like to manufacture the frame 10. In this way, the frame 10 shown in FIG. 2 is formed.

  As described above, according to the underframe 10 according to the present embodiment, the spring receiving portion 65 is formed by the lower surface 72b of the partition portion 72 exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall 71b of the cylindrical portion 71. A bottom surface of the concave portion that contacts the upper portion of the inserted air spring 23 is formed. That is, in order to form the bottom surface of the concave portion constituting the spring receiving portion 65, it is not necessary to weld another plate material that can be the bottom surface. For this reason, the strength reduction of the spring receiving part 65 resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since the spring receiving part 65 is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in the spring receiving part 65, and quality improves. Further, since the partition portion 72 exists in the cylindrical portion 71 at a portion other than the spring receiving portion 65 of the pillow beam 60, the strength of the pillow beam 60 itself is increased.

  Further, the central portion of the pillow beam 60 is higher in strength than the portion where the spring receiving portion 65 is formed. The middle beam 53 is connected to the central portion of the high-strength pillow beam 60. For this reason, even if the impact force from the coupler 30 is received in the center part of the pillow beam 60 via the intermediate beam 53, the pillow beam 60 becomes difficult to be plastically deformed. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress attachment of a reinforcing member for suppressing plastic deformation of the pillow beam 60 (for example, a reinforcing member that connects the central portion of the pillow beam 60 and the side beam 51).

  In the spring receiving portion forming step included in the manufacturing process of the frame 10, the partition portion exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall 71b of the cylindrical portion 71 of the hollow extruded shape member prepared in the preparing step of S1 The lower surface 72b of 72 constitutes the bottom surface of the recess that comes into contact with the upper portion of the air spring 23 inserted into the spring receiving portion 65. For this reason, the strength reduction of the spring receiving part 65 resulting from welding is suppressed. Furthermore, since the spring receiving part 65 is not comprised by welding another board | plate material, it becomes difficult to produce the thermal strain by welding in the spring receiving part 65, and quality improves. In the spring receiving portion forming step, a part of the horizontal portions 61 d and 62 d of the hollow extruded shape members 61 and 62 constituting the partition portion 72 are welded to each other, but the weld length is the bottom surface of the spring receiving portion 65. It becomes shorter than welding another plate material for forming (the number of welding points is reduced). That is, heat distortion due to welding is less likely to occur. Since heat distortion due to welding is less likely to occur, labor for removing the distortion and flattening the bottom surface of the spring receiving portion 65 is reduced.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made as long as they are described in the claims. For example, one or three or more spring receivers 65 may be formed on the pillow beam 60. Further, the pillow beam 60 may be bridged between the pair of side beams 51 along a direction intersecting with the front-rear direction A and the width direction B.

  Further, the pillow beam 60 may not be configured by integrally welding a plurality of hollow extruded profiles, but may be configured by one hollow extruded profile. In this case, it suffices that the one hollow extruded profile has a portion corresponding to the cylindrical portion 71 and the partition portion 72. Furthermore, in this case, the spring receiving portion 65 is configured only by cutting off the lower surface portion of the pillow beam (the portion corresponding to the lower wall 71b). That is, it is not necessary to weld the members constituting the bottom surface of the spring receiving portion 65. Further, three or more hollow extruded profiles may be welded so that the pillow beam 60 constitutes one hollow extruded profile, or two hollow extruded profiles and these hollow extruded profiles. The connecting member disposed between them may be welded.

  The base frame may be provided with a reinforcing member for suppressing plastic deformation of the pillow beam 60 and the middle beam 53. The middle beam 53 may be composed of one or three or more members. Further, the pillow beam 60 may not be provided with the upper reinforcing portion 73 and the lower reinforcing portion 74.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Railcar 10 Underframe 20 Bogie 23 Air spring 30 Coupler 40 Mounting part 51 Side beam 53 Middle beam 60 Pillow beam 65 Spring receiving part 71 Cylindrical part 71b Lower wall 72 Partition part 72b Lower surface K1 Upper space K2 Lower space

Claims (3)

A pair of side beams arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and an upper portion of an air spring provided on the carriage spanned between the pair of side beams along an intersecting direction intersecting the extending direction of the side beams. In the undercarriage of a railcar having a spring receiving portion configured as an insertable recess and a pillow beam formed on the lower surface,
The pillow beam is composed of a hollow extruded section having a cylindrical portion extending along the intersecting direction, and a partition that partitions the internal space of the cylindrical portion into an upper space and a lower space,
The bottom surface of the concave portion constituting the spring receiving portion is constituted by the lower surface of the partition portion exposed to the outside by cutting off a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion. Underframe. A middle beam extending along the extending direction of the side beam, and having one end connected to the central portion of the crossing direction of the pillow beam,
A mounting portion formed on the intermediate beam and configured to allow attachment of a coupler;
The railcar frame according to claim 1, wherein the spring receiving portion is formed at a position other than the central portion of the pillow beam. A pair of side beams arranged in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and an upper portion of an air spring provided on the carriage spanned between the pair of side beams along an intersecting direction intersecting the extending direction of the side beams. In the manufacturing method of the underframe of the railway vehicle having a spring receiving portion configured as an insertable recess and a pillow beam formed on the lower surface,
A preparation step of preparing a hollow extruded section having a cylindrical portion extending along the intersecting direction, and a partition portion that partitions the internal space of the cylindrical portion into an upper space and a lower space;
After the preparatory step, a part of the lower wall of the cylindrical portion of the hollow extruded shape member is cut out, and a spring receiving portion forming step of forming the spring receiving portion by exposing the lower surface of the partition portion to the outside. A method for manufacturing a railcar frame, comprising:

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