JP6272044B2 - Rotor body seal structure, rotor body and rotating machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a sealing structure of a moving blade body mounted on a steam turbine, a gas turbine, a jet engine, and the like, a moving blade body including the sealing structure, and a rotary machine including the moving blade body.

Conventionally, a rotary machine such as a turbine section of a gas turbine, an air compressor, or a steam turbine includes a rotor disk that rotates integrally with a main shaft. A plurality of rotor blades are assembled to the rotor disk so as to extend radially from the outer periphery, thereby forming a rotor blade body including the rotor disk and the rotor blades.
In the steam turbine, the rotor blade body is rotated by the steam introduced into the vehicle interior to obtain shaft output. In the turbine section of the gas turbine used for power generation, the rotor blade body is rotated by the high-temperature gas introduced into the vehicle interior. Shaft output can be obtained. On the other hand, in the air compressor of a gas turbine, the rotor blade body rotates by the shaft output of the turbine section and compresses air.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a rotor blade part of a turbine as an example of a rotating machine.
In the illustrated moving blade body 1, a plurality of moving blades (turbine blades) 3 are attached to the outer peripheral surface of a rotor disk 2 that rotates integrally with a main shaft (not shown) so as to project radially.
Each rotor blade 3 includes a blade root portion 4, a platform 5, and a blade portion 6. The rotor blade 3 can be fixed by fitting a blade root portion 4 having a so-called Christmas tree-shaped cross section into a fitting groove 2a of the rotor disk 2 having the same shape from the plate thickness direction.

Such a moving blade body 1 includes a seal pin damper 8 mounted in a gap 7 between the platforms 5 of the moving blades 3 adjacent in the circumferential direction. The seal pin damper 8 is a cylindrical member extending along the axial direction of the main shaft, and receives a centrifugal force generated when the rotor blade body 1 rotates and contacts the inlet portion of the gap 7.
Such a seal pin damper 8 has a function of reducing the vibration response level of the moving blade 3 because it produces a damping effect due to friction when the moving blade 3 comes into contact at the time of resonance.

That is, in conventional turbine blades, it is known that, for example, a leaf spring damper or a seal pin damper is adopted as a countermeasure against vibration to reduce the vibration response level of the turbine blade, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 5 below. It has been. These dampers are installed inside the blades or between the blades, and have a damping effect due to friction generated by contact between the dampers and the blades during resonance.
Patent Document 6 below discloses that at least one of internal cavities defined inside the airfoil is filled with a polymer material.

JP 2004-340144 A JP 2006-214367 A JP 2011-32985 A JP 2011-252468 A JP 2007-332963 A JP 2010-203435 A

  As described above, many dampers using the damping effect such as the seal pin damper 8 are used in machinery such as a rotary machine including a fluid machine having a rotating blade body. However, when such a damper is applied to the rotor blade part of a turbine, the damper between the blades is exposed to high-temperature combustion gas, resulting in a high temperature, which promotes adhesion and wear of the contact surface and stabilizes the vibration characteristics of the blade. Have the problem of not. In addition, it has been pointed out that it is difficult to change damper characteristics according to various conditions and to perform maintenance according to wear conditions.

On the other hand, when the target is stable operation of the power plant, the damper structure that stabilizes the damper's rigidity and damping, which suppresses blade vibration, makes it easier to predict vibrations, and can cope with deterioration over time such as wear. Is desirable. From such a background, it is desired to improve the durability and reliability of the damper structure in the moving blade body and the rotary machine including the moving blade body.
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a blade structure having a highly durable and reliable damper structure and a dynamic structure having this seal structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a wing body and a rotating machine provided with the moving wing body. The present invention also provides a sealing structure for a moving blade body equipped with a damper structure that can easily cope with secular change, a moving blade body equipped with the sealing structure, and a rotary machine equipped with the moving blade body. Also aimed.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
A sealing structure for a moving blade body according to the present invention includes a rotor disk that rotates integrally with a main shaft, and a plurality of moving blades assembled so as to extend radially from the outer periphery of the rotor disk. The body seal structure is provided in a gap between the platform portions of the moving blades adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and is provided so as to be sandwiched between the seal pin damper extending along the rotation axis direction. A seal member, the seal member having a viscoelastic material, and being disposed radially outward from the seal pin damper.

  Such a sealing structure of a moving blade body of the present invention includes a seal pin damper and a sealing member extending along the rotation axis direction in a gap between the platform portions of the moving blades adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Since the seal member is disposed radially outward from the seal pin damper, the fluid flowing in the radially outward direction can be prevented from leaking to the seal pin damper side. As a result, the seal pin damper is not easily affected by high heat or the like from the fluid.

In the invention described above, the seal member is a laminate formed by the viscoelastic material and a frame formed of a high temperature member that forms a storage space for holding the viscoelastic material and is supported by the platform portion. A structure is desirable. Since such a sealing member is provided with a viscoelastic material, in addition to the sealing function by the viscoelastic material, a damper function by the viscoelastic material can be obtained. As a result, the seal pin damper can be used as an auxiliary. Is possible.
In addition, since such a laminated structure enables the seal member to be removed, it is possible to easily cope with aging and to easily adjust the auxiliary damper function of the viscoelastic material.

A moving blade body according to the present invention includes the sealing structure for a moving blade body according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
Moreover, the rotary machine of this invention is provided with the moving blade body of Claim 3. It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to such a moving blade body or rotating machine, since the moving blade body sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 and 2 is provided, fluid flowing in the radially outward direction is directed to the seal pin damper side. Leakage can be prevented, and as a result, the seal pin damper can be prevented from being exposed to a fluid such as high temperature gas.

According to the above-described present invention, the sealing structure of the moving blade body in which the durability and reliability of the seal pin damper is improved by the sealing function of the sealing member is provided, and the moving blade body including the sealing structure and the moving blade body are provided. The rotating machine has a highly durable and reliable damper structure.
Further, since the seal member can be removed, it becomes possible to easily cope with aging, and further, by appropriately adjusting the auxiliary damper function of the seal member that cooperates with the seal pin damper, that is, By appropriately adjusting the damper function of the viscoelastic material, the damper function according to the purpose can be easily designed.

It is a figure which shows the moving blade part of a turbine as one Embodiment of the sealing structure of a moving blade body which concerns on this invention, a moving blade body, and a rotary machine, (a) is principal part sectional drawing, (b) is an expansion of a seal part. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the structural example of the seal | sticker part shown in FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the modification of the seal | sticker part shown in FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the moving blade part of a turbine as a prior art example.

DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a sealing structure for a moving blade body according to the invention, a moving blade body including the sealing structure, and a rotary machine will be described with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, the rotor blade part of a turbine will be described as an example of a rotating machine equipped with a rotor blade body. However, a rotating rotor blade body such as an air compressor, a steam turbine, and a compressor of a gas turbine is described. It can also be applied to other rotating machines equipped.
1 is rotated by high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas supplied from a combustor (not shown). This moving blade body 1A includes a rotor disk 2 that rotates integrally with a main shaft (not shown), and a plurality of moving blades 3 that are assembled so as to extend radially from the outer periphery of the rotor disk 2.

  The illustrated moving blade 3 includes a blade root portion 4 having a so-called Christmas tree-shaped cross section, a platform 5 serving as a blade base end portion, and a blade portion having an airfoil cross-sectional shape and projecting from the platform 5 toward a vehicle compartment (not shown). 6. The rotor blade 3 is fixed to the rotor disk 2 by fitting the blade root portion 4 from the plate thickness direction to the fitting groove 2a of the rotor disk 2 that is also shaped like a Christmas tree. Such a moving blade 3 protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the rotor disk 2 and is provided over the entire circumference. Note that the rotor disk 2 assembled with the rotor blades 3 is attached in one or more stages in the axial direction of the main shaft.

  In the moving blade 3 described above, a gap 7 is provided between the platforms 5 and 5 of the moving blade 3 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. In the gap 7, a seal pin damper 8 and a seal member 10 extending along the axial direction (rotational axis direction) of the main shaft are provided side by side in the radial direction. That is, the moving blade body 1A of the present embodiment has a seal structure in which a seal member 10 is additionally provided on a seal pin damper 8 that has been provided conventionally. In other words, the clearance 7 is disposed in the clearance 7 on the blade tip 3 a side of the rotor blade 3 relative to the seal pin damper 8.

As shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, the seal member 10 includes a viscoelastic material 11 and a pair of left and right frames 12 having a U-shaped cross section, and the viscoelastic material 11 is interposed between the frames 12 and 12. It is the rod-shaped member which has the laminated structure which pinched | interposed. Since the moving blade body 1A used in the moving blade portion of the turbine as in the present embodiment is exposed to high-temperature combustion gas flowing on the passenger compartment side, a viscoelastic material 11 having heat resistance, a frame 12 of a high-temperature member, Is used.
Specific examples of the viscoelastic material 11 include carbon fibers, nickel alloy fibers, ceramic composite materials, and the like.

The pair of frames 12 form a storage space for holding the irregular viscoelastic material 11, and are respectively fitted and supported in concave grooves 5 a provided on the side wall surface of the platform 5 forming the gap 7. The Examples of the high temperature member suitable for the frame 12 include a nickel alloy.
In the above-described embodiment, the frame 12 of the seal member 10 has a U-shaped cross section. However, an irregular shape is formed between the frames 12A and 12A having a substantially semicircular cross section as in the modification shown in FIG. The sealing member 10 </ b> A may be configured to sandwich the viscoelastic material 11.

  In addition, the seal pin damper 8 of the present embodiment is a cylindrical member that extends along the axial direction of the main shaft, similarly to the conventional structure described above. In addition, about this seal pin damper 8, it is not limited to a column shape, For example, you may employ | adopt things, such as a pipe shape which provided the through-hole in the axial center part of the column.

  Thus, since the seal member 10 and the seal pin damper 8 are disposed in order from the passenger compartment side through which the high-temperature combustion gas flows in the gap 7 of the rotor blade body 1A, the combustion gas flowing through the passenger compartment side is The seal pin damper 8 does not pass through the seal member 10. That is, since the seal member 10 seals a fluid such as combustion gas flowing on the vehicle compartment side, the fluid can be prevented from leaking to the seal pin damper 8 side. As a result, the seal pin damper 8 is less susceptible to the fluid, and the turbine blades are less susceptible to high heat from the combustion gas.

  Accordingly, the seal pin damper 8 that produces a damping effect due to friction when the moving blades 3 come into contact with each other at the time of resonance reduces the temperature rise due to the thermal effect of the combustion gas in the moving blade portion of the turbine. And wear is prevented or suppressed. As a result, since the sliding surface of the seal pin damper 8 is stabilized, the vibration characteristics of the rotor blade 3 can be stabilized.

  In addition, since the sealing member 10 of the above-described embodiment has a laminated structure including the viscoelastic material 11, in addition to the sealing function by the viscoelastic material 11, a damper function can be obtained from the viscoelastic material 11. . The damper function of the viscoelastic material 11 is that the viscoelastic material 11 of the seal member 10 is deformed according to the deformation of the moving blade 3 when the moving blade 3 is resonated by receiving an excitation force. Attenuation is obtained. Thereby, the kinetic energy of the moving blade 3 accompanying resonance is converted into thermal energy (dissipated energy) of the viscoelastic material 11.

Thus, in the seal structure of the present embodiment, since the seal member 10 has a damper function, the damper function of the seal member 10 and the damper function of the seal pin damper 8 provided as an auxiliary are supplementary. Can be used. The combined use of the damper functions of the seal member 10 and the seal pin damper 8 contributes to the stability and improvement of the damping effect.
As a result, on the sliding surface of the seal pin damper 8, the burden of the damper function is reduced and the amount of wear can be reduced. Further, even when the damper function is lowered due to the deterioration of the seal member 10, since the conventional damper function by the seal pin damper 8 is provided, a necessary blade vibration suppressing effect can be ensured.

Furthermore, since the sealing member 10 having a laminated structure can be detached from the moving blade body 1A, it is easy to cope with aging by appropriately replacing it as necessary.
If the viscoelastic material 11 is appropriately selected, the damper function of the seal member 10 can be easily adjusted, so that a damper can be designed according to the purpose.
Further, the above-described seal member 10 is only provided additionally in the radially outward direction of the seal pin damper 8, and therefore can be applied without substantially changing the current structure.

The moving blade body 1A having the above-described seal structure includes the moving blade body 1A and the moving blade body 1A since the durability and reliability of the seal pin damper 8 are improved by the sealing function of the seal members 10 and 10A. The rotating machine, that is, the fluid (rotating) machine including the rotating blade body 1A such as a steam turbine, a gas turbine, and a jet engine has a damper structure having high durability and reliability against blade vibration. It will be a thing.
In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, In the range which does not deviate from the summary, it can change suitably.

1,1A Rotor body 2 Rotor disk 2a Fitting groove 3 Rotor blade 4 Blade root portion 5 Platform 6 Wing portion 7 Clearance 8 Seal pin damper 10, 10A Seal member 11 Viscoelastic material 12, 12A Frame

Claims (4)

A rotor blade seal structure comprising: a rotor disk that rotates integrally with a main shaft; and a plurality of rotor blades assembled so as to extend radially from the outer periphery of the rotor disk;
A seal pin damper provided in a gap between the platform portions of the moving blades adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and extending along the rotation axis direction ;
A seal member provided to be sandwiched between the gaps,
The sealing structure of a moving blade body, wherein the seal member includes a viscoelastic material and is disposed radially outward from the seal pin damper.   The said sealing member is comprised by the frame which consists of the said viscoelastic material and the high temperature member supported by the said platform part while forming the storage space for hold | maintaining this viscoelastic material. Item 4. A rotor blade seal structure according to Item 1.   A moving blade body comprising the sealing structure for a moving blade body according to claim 1.   A rotating machine comprising the moving blade body according to claim 3.

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