JP6265653B2 - Block and wall structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a block and a masonry wall structure using the block.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a block used for masonry construction, a configuration in which a pair of plate-like face shells are joined by a plate-like web having upper and lower ends greatly recessed is known. A wall structure of masonry structure is formed by stacking such blocks, arranging vertical bars and horizontal bars in the upper, lower, left and right spaces of the web and filling the spaces with concrete.

  Such a wall structure is formed by stacking concrete with an outer shell formed from stacked blocks. However, since the space filled with concrete is large, concrete bears the main performance of the wall structure. It becomes. However, since concrete is poor in heat insulation, the wall structure itself has almost no heat insulation. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to adopt the wall structure for an outer wall or the like that partitions the interior and the exterior. For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 listed below disclose a configuration in which a heat insulating layer is further provided outside one face shell of the block having the above-described configuration as a configuration for solving such a problem.

JP 07-259215 A Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 01-235752

  However, in the configurations of Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the configuration of each block becomes complicated, it is difficult to create the block itself, and the heat insulating layer may be peeled off from the block due to deterioration over time. There is a problem that there is. In addition, since the heat insulation layer is further provided outside one face shell, the thickness of the block itself increases, and it becomes asymmetrical in the front and back, making it difficult to fit the edges such as the corners and corners. There is a problem of doing. That is, when a wall structure is formed using such a block, there is a problem that the wall configuration becomes complicated.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a block capable of ensuring the strength and heat insulation of the wall structure and simplifying the wall structure, and a masonry wall structure using the block. .

  A block according to the present invention is a block which is a masonry unit of a masonry wall structure, and includes one or a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars, and a rectangular solid lightweight cellular concrete integrally and solidly formed with the reinforcing reinforcing bars. It is characterized by comprising.

  Since the block according to the present invention is reinforced by one or a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars, it functions as a structural material that bears structural strength. Moreover, since this block is solidly formed with light-weight cellular concrete (ALC) having heat insulation as a main material, it functions as a heat insulation layer over the entire width of the block. Thus, since the block itself has a function as a structural material and a heat insulating material, according to this block, the strength and the heat insulating property of the masonry wall structure formed by stacking the blocks are secured and the wall configuration is increased. It can be simplified.

  In the above block, the surface forming one side surface of the wall structure, the back surface forming the other side surface of the wall structure, the upper surface provided between the upper end of the surface and the upper end of the back surface, and the lower end of the surface Each of the four corners of the cross section of the block having a lower surface provided between the lower end of the back surface and a thickness direction in which the front surface and the back surface face each other and a height direction in which the upper surface and the lower surface face each other. The reinforcing steel bars may extend in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the height direction.

  According to the block, since at least four reinforcing reinforcing bars are arranged in four corners along the longitudinal direction of the block, the block has bending strength. Thereby, for example, the occurrence of cracks in the block when a bending action occurs on the block can be suppressed.

  Further, at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface of the block has a groove portion extending in the longitudinal direction at the central portion in the thickness direction, and the depth of the groove portion is 1/20 to 1/1 of the height of the block. It may be included in the range of 5.

  According to the block, when a plurality of blocks are stacked up and down, a space is formed by the groove between the upper and lower blocks. By filling the space with a filler such as a grout material, the connection between the upper and lower blocks can be strengthened. Here, the depth of the groove is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block, and is relatively small when viewed as a whole block. Moreover, the convex part (rise part) by lightweight cellular concrete is formed in the both sides in the thickness direction of a groove part by predetermined thickness, respectively, and the said convex part functions as a heat insulation layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block can be ensured.

  The block has a pair of facets facing in the longitudinal direction, and at least one of the pair of facets is a side groove part that is continuous with the groove part and extends in the height direction in the central part in the thickness direction. And the depth of the side groove portion may be included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block.

  According to the block, when a plurality of blocks are arranged in the left and right (longitudinal direction), a space is formed by the side groove between the left and right blocks. By filling the space with a filler such as a grout material, the connection between the left and right blocks can be strengthened. Here, the depth of the side groove portion is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block, and is relatively small when viewed in the entire block. Moreover, the convex part (rise part) by lightweight cellular concrete is each formed in the predetermined thickness in the both sides in the thickness direction of a side groove part, and the said convex part will function as a heat insulation layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block can be ensured.

  The block has a hole through which the shaft member is inserted through the upper surface and the lower surface of the block, and the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the shaft member and 1/10 of the thickness of the block. It may be included in a range of ˜¼.

  According to the above-mentioned block, it is possible to fill a filler such as a grout material between the shaft member and the inner wall of the hole, and to improve the integrity of the block and the shaft member, so that the strength as a wall structure is improved. Can be achieved. Here, the hole is in the range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of the block, and is a relatively small defect when viewed as a whole block. Moreover, a solid part (solid part) having a predetermined thickness made of lightweight cellular concrete is formed on both sides in the thickness direction of the hole part, and the solid part functions as a heat insulating layer. Become. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block can be ensured.

  A wall structure according to the present invention is a wall structure formed by stacking a plurality of blocks in a vertical direction along a shaft member extending in a vertical direction, and the block includes one or a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars and a reinforcing member. It consists of a rectangular solid lightweight cellular concrete that is integrally and solidly formed with a reinforcing bar, a surface that forms one side surface of the wall structure, a back surface that forms the other side surface of the wall structure, and an upper end and a back surface An upper surface provided between the upper end and a lower surface provided between the lower end of the front surface and the lower end of the back surface, and at least one of the upper surface and the lower surface is a central portion in the thickness direction where the front surface and the back surface face each other The groove portion extends in the longitudinal direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the height direction in which the upper surface and the lower surface face each other, and the depth of the groove portion is 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block. The groove is filled with filler. Characterized in that it is.

  The wall structure according to the present invention is formed by stacking blocks that are reinforced by one or a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars and that are solidly formed using light-weight cellular concrete having heat insulation properties as a main material. In addition, a space is formed between the upper and lower blocks constituting the wall structure by a groove portion of the block, and the space between the upper and lower blocks is filled with a filler such as a grout material, thereby strengthening the connection between the upper and lower blocks. Yes. Therefore, according to this wall structure, while ensuring the strength and heat insulation as the wall structure, the wall configuration can be simplified. Here, the depth of the groove is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block, and is relatively small when viewed as a whole block. Moreover, the convex part (rise part) by lightweight cellular concrete is formed in the both sides in the thickness direction of a groove part by predetermined thickness, respectively, and the said convex part functions as a heat insulation layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure can be ensured.

  Further, in the above wall structure, the block has a hole through which the shaft member is inserted through the upper surface and the lower surface, and the diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the shaft member and is 1 of the thickness of the block. It is included in the range of / 10 to 1/4, and a plurality of blocks are stacked so that the holes are continuous between the blocks adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, and a shaft member may be inserted through the holes. .

  According to the said wall structure, a shaft member is inserted in a hole, The intensity | strength with respect to the force applied to a block with respect to a block by the said shaft member can be raised. As a result, the strength of the wall structure can be improved. Here, the hole is in the range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of the block, and is a relatively small defect when viewed as a whole block. Moreover, a solid part (solid part) having a predetermined thickness made of lightweight cellular concrete is formed on both sides in the thickness direction of the hole part, and the solid part functions as a heat insulating layer. Become. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure can be ensured.

  In the wall structure, a filler may be filled in a gap provided between the inner wall of the hole and the shaft member.

  According to the above wall structure, the unity between the block and the shaft member is improved by filling a filler such as a grout material between the shaft member and the peripheral wall of the hole. As a result, the strength of the wall structure can be improved.

  Further, in the above wall structure, the block has a pair of facets facing in the longitudinal direction, and at least one of the pair of facets is continuous with the groove part and extends in the height direction at the central part in the thickness direction. The side groove part may be present, the depth of the side groove part may be included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block, and the side groove part may be filled with a filler.

  According to the above wall structure, when a plurality of blocks are arranged on the left and right, a space is formed between the left and right blocks by a side groove, and the space is filled with a filler such as a grout material. The connection is considered to be strong. As a result, the strength of the wall structure can be improved. Here, the depth of the side groove portion is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block, and is relatively small when viewed in the entire block. Moreover, the convex part (rise part) by lightweight cellular concrete is each formed in the predetermined thickness in the both sides in the thickness direction of a side groove part, and the said convex part will function as a heat insulation layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure can be ensured.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, while ensuring the intensity | strength and heat insulation of a wall structure, a wall structure can be simplified.

It is a perspective view showing a part of wall structure concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the (a) top view, (b) bottom view, (c) front view, (d) right side view of the block which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention which showed the position of the reinforcing bar with the broken line. It is a perspective view of a block. It is a top view of a block. It is a bottom view of a block. It is (a) front view and (b) back view of a block. It is the (a) left view and (b) right view of a block. It is sectional drawing along the VIII-VIII line shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the connection structure between the upper-and-lower blocks in the wall structure of FIG. 1, and between right-and-left blocks. It is (a) top view, (b) bottom view, (c) front view, (d) right side view of the block which concerns on the modification which showed the position of the reinforcing bar with the broken line. It is (a) top view, (b) bottom view, (c) front view, (d) right side view of the block which concerns on the modification which showed the position of the reinforcing bar with the broken line.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each figure, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same or an equivalent part, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a wall structure 1 according to this embodiment includes a vertical reinforcing member (shaft member) 3 that extends in a vertical direction on a rising portion 2 a formed at an edge of a reinforced concrete foundation 2. Is a masonry wall structure in which a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped blocks 10 are stacked.

  First, the block 10 which becomes a masonry unit of the wall structure 1 is demonstrated using FIGS. FIG. 2A to FIG. 2D are a plan view, a bottom view, a front view, and a right side view of the block 10 in which the positions of the reinforcing bars are indicated by broken lines. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the block 10. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the block 10. FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the block 10. 6A and 6B are a front view and a rear view of the block 10, respectively. 7A and 7B are a left side view and a right side view of the block 10, respectively. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 8, the block 10 is composed of a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars 17 a to 17 j and a rectangular solid lightweight cellular concrete (ALC) integrally and solidly formed with the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17 a to 17 j. That is, the block 10 has a structure in which a total of 20 reinforcing reinforcing bars 17a to 17j are embedded in a rectangular solid lightweight cellular concrete. The block 10 is, for example, an ALC (lightweight aerated concrete) material material, particularly in an absolutely dry state after demolding, in a block mold frame in which a reinforcing bar frame formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape with reinforcing reinforcing bars 17a to 17j is placed. It is formed by filling a lightweight cellular concrete raw material having a specific gravity in the range of 0.27 to 0.8 and foam curing.

  The block 10 includes a surface 11 (see FIG. 9) that forms an outdoor side surface (one side surface) of the wall structure 1, a back surface 12 that forms an indoor side surface (the other side surface) of the wall structure 1, and a surface. 11 has an upper surface 13 provided between the upper end of 11 and the upper end of the back surface 12, and a lower surface 14 provided between the lower end of the front surface 11 and the lower end of the back surface 12. Further, the block 10 has a pair of small face surfaces 15 and 16 connected to the respective ends of the front surface 11, the back surface 12, the upper surface 13 and the lower surface 14. Here, a direction in which the front surface 11 and the rear surface 12 of the block 10 face each other (the Z direction in FIGS. 3 and 4) is defined as a thickness direction. Further, the direction in which the upper surface 13 and the lower surface 14 of the block 10 face each other (the Y direction in FIGS. 3 and 6A) is defined as the height direction. A direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the height direction (the X direction in FIGS. 3, 4 and 6A) is defined as the longitudinal direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 8, the block 10 has three circular cross-sections arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction at the central portion of the upper surface 13 of the block 10 in the thickness direction. It has a hole 18. Each hole 18 is provided so as to penetrate from the upper surface 13 to the lower surface 14. Since the diameter d1 of the hole 18 is larger than the diameter of the vertical reinforcing member 3, when the vertical reinforcing member 3 is inserted through the hole 18, the hole 18 has a gap between the inner wall of the hole 18 and the vertical reinforcing member 3. A gap is provided. Here, from the viewpoint of ensuring the heat insulating property of the block 10, specifically, from the viewpoint of making the light-weight cellular concrete deficient portion relatively small when viewed in the entire block, the diameter d 1 of the hole 18 is set to It is preferably included in the range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of 10. Here, the thickness of the block 10 is a distance between the front surface 11 and the back surface 12. In the present embodiment, as an example, the thickness of the block 10 is about 250 mm, and the diameter d1 of the hole 18 is included in the above-described range.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (d), the reinforcing bars 17a to 17d are provided at the four corners of the cross section of the block 10 parallel to both the thickness direction and the height direction (perpendicular to the longitudinal direction). , Extending in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, the reinforcing steel bars 17a extend so as to pass near the corner where the surface 11 and the upper surface 13 intersect. Further, the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17b extend so as to pass near the corner where the back surface 12 and the top surface 13 intersect. In addition, the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17c extends so as to pass near the corner where the surface 11 and the lower surface 14 intersect. Further, the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17d extends so as to pass near the corner where the back surface 12 and the bottom surface 14 intersect.

  Further, the six reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e extend in the thickness direction so as to be in contact with the lower surface 14 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17a and the lower surface 14 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17b. Further, the six reinforcing reinforcing bars 17f extend in the thickness direction so as to be in contact with the lower surface 14 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17a and the lower surface 14 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17b. The reinforcing reinforcing bar 17e and the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17f are provided at positions spaced apart from the hole 18 in the longitudinal direction by a predetermined distance.

  In addition, the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17g to 17j extend in the height direction. The reinforcing reinforcing bars 17g are in contact with the back surface 12 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17a and the back surface 12 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17c, and the four reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e are located on the side of the small reinforcing surface 17e on the side of the small reinforcing surface 17e. Of the reinforcing bars 17f of the book, the reinforcing bars 17f closest to the edge surface 15 are in contact with the edge surface 15 side. The reinforcing reinforcing bar 17h is in contact with the back surface 12 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17a and the back surface 12 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17c, and the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17e that is closest to the small edge surface 16 of the four reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e and 4 Of the reinforcing bars 17f of the book, the reinforcing bars 17f closest to the facet 16 are in contact with the facet 16 side. The reinforcing reinforcing bar 17i is in contact with the surface 11 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17b and the surface 11 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17d, and among the four reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e, the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17e closest to the small edge surface 15 side and 4 Of the reinforcing bars 17f of the book, the reinforcing bars 17f closest to the edge surface 15 are in contact with the edge surface 15 side. The reinforcing reinforcing bar 17j is in contact with the surface 11 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17b and the surface 11 side of the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17d, and among the four reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e, the reinforcing reinforcing bar 17e closest to the small edge surface 16 side and 4 Of the reinforcing bars 17f of the book, the reinforcing bars 17f closest to the facet 16 are in contact with the facet 16 side.

  2B and 2D, the lower surface 14 of the block 10 has a groove portion 14b extending in the longitudinal direction at the central portion in the thickness direction. On the front surface 11 side and the back surface 12 side of the groove portion 14b, a convex portion 14a and a convex portion 14c that are relatively raised by forming the groove portion 14b are formed with a predetermined thickness. Here, it is preferable that the depth d2 of the groove part 14b is included in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block 10 from the viewpoint of ensuring heat insulation. Here, the height of the block 10 is a distance between the upper surface 13 and the lower surface 14 (the convex portion 14a or the convex portion 14c). In this embodiment, as an example, the height of the block 10 is about 150 mm, and the depth d2 of the groove portion 14b is 15 mm (about 1/10 of the height of the block 10).

  As shown in FIG. 7A, the fore-face 15 on the left side (hereinafter simply referred to as “left side”) from the back surface 12 side to the front surface 11 side is continuous with the groove portion 14b in the central portion in the thickness direction. A side groove 15b extending in the height direction is also included. On the front surface 11 side and the back surface 12 side of the side groove portion 15b, convex portions 15a and convex portions 15c that are relatively raised by forming the side groove portion 15b are formed with a predetermined thickness.

  As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the right side (hereinafter, simply referred to as “right side”) of the fore surface 16 from the back surface 12 side to the front surface 11 side is continuous with the groove portion 14b in the central portion in the thickness direction. Moreover, it has a side groove portion 16b extending in the height direction. On the front surface 11 side and the back surface 12 side of the side groove portion 16b, a convex portion 16a and a convex portion 16c that are relatively raised by forming the side groove portion 16b are formed with a predetermined thickness.

  Here, it is preferable that the depth d3 of the side groove part 15b and the side groove part 16b is contained in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block 10 from a viewpoint of ensuring heat insulation. In the present embodiment, as an example, the depth d3 of the side groove 16b is 15 mm (about 1/10 of the height of the block 10), which is the same as the groove 14b.

  Next, the wall structure 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the rising portion 2 a extends linearly with a width approximately the same as the thickness of the block 10. The first stage of the wall structure 1 is formed by arranging a plurality of blocks 10 in a row so as to be continuous in the longitudinal direction on the upper surface of the rising portion 2a. Further, the second stage of the wall structure 1 is formed by arranging the plurality of blocks 10 on the plurality of blocks 10 forming the first stage in the same manner as the first stage. Further, by arranging a plurality of blocks 10 in the horizontal direction and stacking them in the vertical direction, the third and subsequent stages of the wall structure 1 are formed.

  Here, the plurality of blocks 10 are stacked such that the holes 18 are continuous between the blocks 10, 10 adjacent in the vertical direction (the horizontal positions match). Thereby, one vertical reinforcing material 3 can be inserted through the plurality of blocks 10. Further, as an example in the present embodiment, the plurality of blocks 10 are configured so that the horizontal position of the fore edge surface 15 (or the fore edge surface 16) does not coincide between the blocks 10 and 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, i.e., no joints are generated. Are stacked in a zigzag pattern. This enhances the stability of the wall configuration.

  Further, the vertical reinforcing member 3 is inserted into the hole 18 every two holes 18 of the plurality of blocks 10 arranged on the left and right. As a result, the vertical reinforcing member 3 is inserted into at least one of the three hole portions 18 provided in each block 10, so that each block 10 is supported by at least one vertical reinforcing member 3. .

  Moreover, the horizontal reinforcement material 4 which is a shaft member extended in a horizontal direction and reinforces the wall structure 1 is arrange | positioned every 5 blocks of blocks. The horizontal reinforcing member 4 is disposed so as to extend in the longitudinal direction of the block 10 through a space formed between the blocks 10, 10 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction, that is, a groove formed by the groove portion 14 b of the upper block 10. Has been.

  Subsequently, with reference to FIG. 9, each of the connection configuration between the vertically adjacent blocks 10 and 10 and the connection configuration between the left and right blocks 10 and 10 adjacent in the left and right (longitudinal direction) in the wall structure 1 will be described in detail. To do. FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the block 10 and along the central axis of the hole 18 of the block 10. FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional shape that is perpendicular to the height direction of the block 10 and passes through the center portion in the height direction of the block 10.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, the lower surface 14 of the upper block 10 (hereinafter referred to as “upper block 10”) and the upper surface 13 of the lower block 10 (hereinafter referred to as “lower block 10”) that overlap each other. At least one of the cushion members 6a and 6b is provided along the front side edge portions 13a and 14d and the back side edge portions 13b and 14e. Here, the surface side edge portion 13a is an edge portion where the surface 11 and the upper surface 13 intersect, and the surface side edge portion 14d is an edge portion where the surface 11 and the lower surface 14 intersect. The back surface side edge portion 13b is an edge portion where the back surface 12 and the upper surface 13 intersect, and the back surface side edge portion 14e is an edge portion where the back surface 12 and the lower surface 14 intersect.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), the small face 16 of the left block 10 (hereinafter referred to as "left block 10") adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction, and the right block 10 (hereinafter referred to as "right block 10"). A pair of cushion members 6c and 6d are provided on at least one of the small edge surfaces 15) to be continuous with the pair of cushion members 6a and 6b. That is, paying attention to one certain block 10, the cushion material 6 is continuously provided from one small edge surface 15 toward the other small edge surface 16 via the upper surface 13 (or the lower surface 14).

  Here, the cushion materials 6a to 6d have elasticity. Here, “elasticity” includes viscoelasticity. That is, the cushion materials 6a to 6d have elasticity or viscoelasticity, and examples thereof include rubber, rubber tape, a sealing material, and EPT SEALER (registered trademark). In the present embodiment, as an example, the cushion materials 6a to 6d will be described as paste-like sealing materials provided on the block 10 by application.

  For example, before the upper block 10 is stacked on the upper surface 13 of the lower block 10, the cushion members 6 a and 6 b are longitudinally extended along the front surface side edge portion 13 a and the back surface side edge portion 13 b of the upper surface 13 of the lower block 10. To be applied continuously. Here, the cushion materials 6a and 6b may be applied so as to be continuous in the longitudinal direction along the front surface side edge portion 14d and the back surface side edge portion 14e of the lower surface 14 of the upper block 10. In the present embodiment, the cushion members 6a and 6b are applied (provided) so as to cover the entire region where the convex portions 14a and 14c of the upper block 10 and the upper surface 13 of the lower block 10 overlap. However, the cushion materials 6a and 6b do not necessarily need to cover the entire area, and the width in the thickness direction of the cushion materials 6a and 6b may be arbitrarily determined.

  The cushion members 6c and 6d are applied to the convex portions 16a and 16c of the small edge surface 16 of the left block 10 before the right block 10 is arranged on the right side of the small edge surface 16 of the left block 10 at the time of construction, for example. Here, the cushion members 6 c and 6 d may be applied to the convex portions 15 a and 15 c of the small edge surface 15 of the right block 10. In the present embodiment, the cushion materials 6c and 6d are applied (provided) so as to cover the entire region where the convex portions 16a and 16c of the left block 10 and the convex portions 15a and 15c of the right block 10 overlap. To do. However, the cushion materials 6c and 6d do not necessarily need to cover the entire area, and the width in the thickness direction of the cushion materials 6c and 6d may be arbitrarily determined.

  For example, when the wall structure 1 receives a bending force in the out-of-plane direction and causes a bending deformation (out-of-plane deformation), the cushion materials 6a and 6b are deformed (elongated or compressed) according to the bending deformation, It plays the role which suppresses destruction of the wall structure 1 (block 10) by bending. Specifically, for example, when bending deformation occurs such that the outdoor side (one side) of the wall structure 1 warps due to the bending of the vertical reinforcing material 3, the surface side edge portion 13a between the upper and lower blocks 10, 10 is formed. The cushion material 6a provided along 14d is compressed, and the cushion material 6b provided along the back side edge portions 13b, 14e between the upper and lower blocks 10, 10 is extended. Thereafter, when the stress that causes the bending deformation is eliminated, the cushion members 6a and 6b return to the original state by the elastic force. That is, the pair of cushion members 6a and 6b are compressed or expanded following the bending in the out-of-plane direction of the wall structure 1, so that occurrence of cracks and the like of the block 10 is suppressed.

  In addition, when the wall structure 1 receives a bending force in the in-plane direction and undergoes bending deformation (in-plane deformation), the cushion materials 6c and 6d are deformed (elongated or compressed) according to the bending deformation. Thus, it plays a role of suppressing the destruction of the wall structure 1 (block 10) due to bending. That is, by providing the cushion members 6c and 6d together with the cushion members 6a and 6b, the gap between the upper and lower blocks 10 and 10 caused by the deformation of the entire wall structure 1 (out-of-plane deformation and in-plane deformation) is narrowed. It is also possible to follow up and spread, and the occurrence of cracks and the like of the block 10 is suppressed.

  Moreover, the cushion materials 6a-6d adhere | attach the blocks 10 and 10, and play the role which prevents the leakage of grout material (filler) G mentioned later. Further, the cushion members 6a and 6c on the surface 11 side forming the outdoor side of the wall structure 1 also serve to prevent rainwater from entering from the outside.

  When attention is paid to the block 10 in which other blocks 10 are laminated vertically and horizontally, cushion members 6a and 6c are provided so as to surround the four sides of the block 10 when viewed from the surface 11 side. Further, cushion members 6b and 6d are provided so as to surround the four sides of the block 10 when viewed from the back surface 12 side. Thereby, the wall structure 1 can follow the deformation in the in-plane direction as well as the out-of-plane direction. Moreover, the watertightness between the blocks 10 is also improved.

  The clamping unit 5 is a clamping unit that connects and supports the vertical reinforcing member 3 and applies a vertical clamping force to the plurality of blocks 10. The clamping unit 5 includes a washer 5a, a nut 5b, and a high nut 5c. The washer 5a is a disk-shaped support metal whose diameter is larger than that of the hole 18 of the block 10, for example. The washer 5 a is provided at a position where it comes into contact with the upper surface 13 of the block 10 at a position where the hole 18 of the block 10 is closed. The nut 5b is provided at a position in contact with the upper surface of the washer 5a, and the high nut 5c is a member that is taller than the nut 5b, and is provided above the nut 5b.

  The upper end and the lower end of the vertical reinforcing member 3 are each processed with a male screw. The lower end of the vertical reinforcing member 3 is screwed into the high nut 5c of the holding part 5 located below (hereinafter referred to as “lower holding part 5”), and the upper end of the vertical reinforcing member 3 is held above the holding part 5 It is screwed to the high nut 5c of the upper clamping part 5 via a washer 5a and a nut 5b (hereinafter referred to as "upper clamping part 5").

  For example, the vertical reinforcing member 3 is inserted from the hole 18 of the uppermost block 10 stacked in a plurality of stages (in this case, four stages) at the time of construction, and the lower end of the vertical reinforcing member 3 is connected to the lower holding part 5. Screwed into the upper portion of the high nut 5c. Subsequently, the washer 5a and the nut 5b of the upper clamping part 5 are passed through the upper part of the vertical reinforcing member 3 in this order. After that, by tightening the nut 5b, a force (clamping force) that restrains the displacement in the horizontal direction is applied to the block 10 located below the washer 5a via the washer 5a.

  The upper end portion of the vertical reinforcing member 3 that protrudes upward through the nut 5 b of the upper clamping portion 5 is screwed into the lower portion of the high nut 5 c of the upper clamping portion 5. The next (one up) vertical reinforcing member 3 is screwed into the upper portion of the high nut 5c of the upper holding portion 5. That is, the lower vertical reinforcing member 3 and the upper vertical reinforcing member 3 are joined together via the high nut 5c.

  In this way, by adjusting the clamping force applied between the upper and lower blocks 10, 10 by the clamping part 5, the cushion materials 6 a, 6 b can be elastically deformed (compressed or expanded), and the gap between the blocks 10, 10 can be adjusted. it can. Moreover, since the height which piled up the some block 10 can be adjusted by adjusting the force which clamps the some block 10 with the clamping part 5, the height of the wall structure 1 can also be adjusted.

  As described above, the plurality of blocks 10 are arranged side by side and stacked vertically, so that a groove S <b> 1 is formed between the groove portion 14 b of the upper block 10 and the upper surface 13 of the lower block 10. A side groove S2 is formed between the side groove portion 16b of the left block 10 and the side groove portion 15b of the right block 10. Further, a gap S <b> 3 is formed between the hole 18 of the block 10 and the vertical reinforcing material 3. In the hole 18 through which the vertical reinforcing member 3 is not inserted, the entire space formed by the hole 18 corresponds to the gap S3.

  Here, the groove S1, the side groove S2, and the gap S3 form a continuous space. Therefore, for example, by injecting a grout material (filling material) G from the gap S3 and the side groove S2 of the block 10 located in the upper stage among the plurality of blocks 10 stacked vertically and horizontally, the groove S1, the side groove S2, and the like The grout material G is filled in the gap S3. The upper and lower blocks 10 and 10 and the left and right blocks 10 and 10 are connected (integrated) by a grout material G cured after filling. Here, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the connection strength of the block 10 that the grout material G is filled so that there is as little gap as possible in the groove S1, the side groove S2, and the gap S3. Therefore, the flow value of the grout material G is preferably 20 cm or more, more preferably 20 cm or more and 50 cm or less. Examples of such a grout material G include Essaber (registered trademark) H manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Blast Furnace Cement Co., Ltd. and Floor Leveler (registered trademark) G manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd.

  Since the block 10 according to the present embodiment described above is reinforced by the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17a to 17j, it functions as a structural material that bears structural strength. Moreover, since the block 10 is solidly formed by using lightweight cellular concrete having heat insulation properties as a main material, the block 10 functions as a heat insulating layer over the entire width of the block 10. Thus, since the block 10 itself has a function as a structural material and a heat insulating material, the strength and heat insulating property of the wall structure 1 formed by stacking the blocks 10 can be secured and the wall configuration can be simplified.

  In addition, since the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17a to 17d are divided into four corners along the longitudinal direction of the block 10, the block 10 has bending strength. Thereby, generation | occurrence | production of the crack of the block 10 when the effect | action of a bending with respect to the block 10 arises can be suppressed, for example.

  Further, when the plurality of blocks 10 are stacked up and down, a groove S1 is formed between the upper and lower blocks 10 and 10, and the groove S1 is filled with the grout material G, so that the connection between the upper and lower blocks 10 and 10 is strong. Can be. Here, since the depth of the groove part 14b is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block 10, the deficient portion of the lightweight cellular concrete is relatively small when viewed in the block 10 as a whole. Moreover, the convex parts 14a and 14c by lightweight cellular concrete are each formed in the predetermined thickness in the both sides in the thickness direction of the groove part 14b, and the convex parts 14a and 14c will function as a heat insulation layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block 10, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure 1 can be ensured.

  Further, when the plurality of blocks 10 are arranged in the left and right (longitudinal direction), a side groove S2 is formed between the left and right blocks 10 and 10, and the grout material G is filled in the side groove S2, so that the space between the left and right blocks 10 and 10 is increased. The connection can be strengthened. Here, since the depth of the side grooves 15b and 16b is in the range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block 10, the missing portion of the lightweight cellular concrete is relatively small when viewed in the block 10 as a whole. Further, on both sides in the thickness direction of the side groove portion 15b and the side groove portion 16b, convex portions 15a, 15c and convex portions 16a, 16c made of lightweight cellular concrete are formed with a predetermined thickness, and the convex portions 15a, 15c and convex portions are formed. The parts 16a and 16c will function as a heat insulating layer. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block 10, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure 1 can be ensured.

  Further, since the vertical reinforcing member 3 is inserted into the hole 18 of the block 10, the strength against a force applied in the horizontal direction with respect to the block 10 by the vertical reinforcing member 3 can be increased. Moreover, since the grout material G can be filled between the vertical reinforcing material 3 and the inner wall of the hole 18 (gap S3), the integrity of the block 10 and the vertical reinforcing material 3 can be improved. The strength of the can be improved. Here, since the hole 18 is in the range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of the block 10, the missing portion of the lightweight cellular concrete is relatively small when viewed in the entire block 10. Moreover, the solid part (solid part) which has the predetermined thickness which consists of lightweight cellular concrete is formed in the both sides in the thickness direction of the hole 18, respectively, and the said solid part functions as a heat insulation layer It becomes. Therefore, the heat insulation of the block 10, that is, the heat insulation of the wall structure 1 can be ensured.

  The present invention has been described in detail based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.

  In the present embodiment, the block 10 has been described as a block constituting the wall structure 1. However, in order to adjust the horizontal length of the wall structure 1, for example, at the end of the wall structure 1, the size in the longitudinal direction is large. There are cases where it is desired to use a combination of different blocks. In such a case, for example, a block having a size and shape different from the block 10 such as the block 20 shown in FIG. 10 and the block 30 shown in FIG. 11 is used as a part of the blocks constituting the wall structure 1. Also good. Hereinafter, the blocks 20 and 30 will be described mainly with respect to differences from the block 10, and the same reference numerals as those of the block 10 will be assigned to common structures and elements, and description thereof will be omitted.

  In the block 20, the size in the longitudinal direction is approximately 2/3 of that of the block 10, the side groove portion is not formed on one of the small edge surfaces 25, and the groove portion 24 b of the lower surface 24 is changed from the small edge surface 16 to the small edge surface 25. This is mainly different from the block 10 in that it is formed only up to this point. The block 20 can be used, for example, as a block located at the end of the wall structure. Specifically, the planar fore edge surface 25 can be a surface exposed to the outside in the wall structure. In addition, in the block 20, the groove 24b is formed only up to the front of the facet 25, so that the convex portion 24a that rises relatively by forming the groove 24b surrounds the groove 24b. It is formed in a shape.

  The block 30 has a length in the longitudinal direction that is about 1/3 that of the block 10, a point that no side groove is formed on one of the small edge surfaces 35, and a groove 34 b of the lower surface 34 that extends from the small edge surface 16 to the small edge. This is mainly different from the block 10 in that it is formed only up to the front of the surface 35. The block 30 can be used, for example, as a block located at the end of the wall structure. Specifically, the planar fore edge surface 35 can be a surface exposed to the outside in the wall structure. In addition, in the block 30, the groove 34b is formed only up to the front of the fore edge surface 35. Therefore, the convex portion 34a having a shape that rises relatively by forming the groove 34b surrounds the groove 34b. It is formed in a shape.

  In addition, the block 10 according to the present embodiment and the blocks 20 and 30 according to the modification are described as including reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e and 17f extending in the thickness direction and reinforcing reinforcing bars 17g to 17j extending in the height direction. However, from the viewpoint of increasing the bending strength of the block 10, it is not always necessary to provide the reinforcing reinforcing bars 17e to 17j.

  In this embodiment, the groove portion 14 b is provided on the lower surface 14 of the block 10, but the groove portion may be provided on the upper surface 13. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which provides a groove part in both the upper surface 13 and the lower surface 14. FIG. The same applies to the blocks 20 and 30 according to the modification.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the side groove portions 15b and 16b are provided on both the small edge surfaces 15 and 16 of the block 10, but the side groove portion (the side groove portion) is provided only on one small edge surface (the small edge surface 15 or the small edge surface 16). 15b or a side groove 16b) may be provided. Even if it does in this way, since a space is formed between right and left blocks, there exists an effect similar to block 10 concerning this embodiment.

  Further, the size (thickness, height, length in the longitudinal direction) of the block 10 is not limited, and the number and interval of the holes 18 may be appropriately changed according to the size of the block. Further, the number of the holes 18 through which the vertical reinforcing material 3 is inserted (interval at which the vertical reinforcing material 3 is inserted) may be appropriately changed.

  Further, the vertical reinforcing material 3 is not necessarily inserted through the hole 18 provided in the block 10. For example, the vertical reinforcing material may be disposed along the front surface 11 or the back surface 12 of the block 10. In this case, it is not necessary to provide the hole 18 in the block 10. Further, in order to connect the plurality of vertical reinforcing members 3 up and down, it is not always necessary to use a structure using the washer 5a, the nut 5b, and the high nut 5c. For example, it is good also as a structure using another member instead of the high nut 5c, and it is good also as a structure connected using members other than the washer 5a, the nut 5b, and the high nut 5c.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wall structure, 2 ... Foundation, 3 ... Vertical reinforcement (shaft member), 4 ... Horizontal reinforcement, 5 ... Holding part, 5a ... Washer, 5b ... Nut, 5c ... High nut, 6 (6a-6d) ... Cushion material 10, 20, 30 ... block, 11 ... front surface, 12 ... back surface, 13 ... upper surface, 14, 24, 34 ... lower surface, 14b, 24b, 34b ... groove, 15, 16, 25, 35 ... small edge surface, 15b, 16b ... side grooves, 17a-17j ... reinforcing bars, 18 ... holes, d1 ... diameter of the holes, d2 ... depth of the grooves, d3 ... depth of the side grooves, G ... grout material (filler).

Claims (9)

A block that is a masonry unit of a masonry wall structure,
One or more reinforcing bars;
A rectangular lightweight concrete formed indeed among integrally and with the reinforcement rebar, Ri Tona,
The one or more reinforcing rebar, blocks characterized that you have embedded in the lightweight concrete. A front surface forming one side surface of the wall structure; a back surface forming the other side surface of the wall structure; an upper surface provided between an upper end of the surface and an upper end of the back surface; a lower end of the surface; A lower surface provided between the lower end of the back surface,
In each of the four corners of the cross section of the block parallel to both the thickness direction in which the front surface and the back surface face each other and the height direction in which the top surface and the bottom surface face each other, the reinforcing reinforcing bars are in the thickness direction and The block according to claim 1, wherein the block extends in a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the height direction. At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface has a groove portion extending in the longitudinal direction at a central portion in the thickness direction,
The block according to claim 2, wherein the depth of the groove is included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block. A pair of facets facing in the longitudinal direction;
At least one of the pair of small facets has a side groove portion that is continuous with the groove portion and extends in the height direction in the central portion in the thickness direction,
The block according to claim 3, wherein a depth of the side groove portion is included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block. Having a hole for penetrating the shaft member through the upper and lower surfaces of the block;
The diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the shaft member and is included in a range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of the block. The block according to one item. A masonry wall structure formed by stacking a plurality of blocks in the vertical direction along a shaft member extending in the vertical direction,
The block is composed of one or a plurality of reinforcing reinforcing bars and a rectangular solid lightweight cellular concrete integrally and solidly formed with the reinforcing reinforcing bars, the surface forming one side surface of the wall structure, and the wall structure A back surface that forms the other side surface, an upper surface provided between an upper end of the front surface and an upper end of the back surface, and a lower surface provided between a lower end of the surface and a lower end of the back surface,
At least one of the upper surface and the lower surface is a longitudinal direction perpendicular to the thickness direction and the height direction in which the upper surface and the lower surface are opposite to each other at a central portion in the thickness direction where the front surface and the rear surface are opposite to each other Having a groove extending to
The one or more reinforcing bars are embedded in the lightweight cellular concrete;
The depth of the groove is included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block,
A wall structure characterized in that the groove is filled with a filler. The block has a hole for penetrating the shaft member through the upper surface and the lower surface,
The diameter of the hole is larger than the diameter of the shaft member and is included in a range of 1/10 to 1/4 of the thickness of the block,
The plurality of blocks are stacked such that the holes are continuous between the blocks adjacent vertically.
The wall structure according to claim 6, wherein the shaft member is inserted through the hole.   The wall structure according to claim 7, wherein a filler is filled in a gap provided between an inner wall of the hole and the shaft member. The block has a pair of facets facing in the longitudinal direction,
At least one of the pair of small facets has a side groove portion that is continuous with the groove portion and extends in the height direction in the central portion in the thickness direction,
The depth of the side groove is included in a range of 1/20 to 1/5 of the height of the block,
The wall structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the side groove portion is filled with a filler.

Images