JP6263935B2 - Temperature abnormality detection device and battery pack - Google Patents
Temperature abnormality detection device and battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- JP6263935B2 JP6263935B2 JP2013208492A JP2013208492A JP6263935B2 JP 6263935 B2 JP6263935 B2 JP 6263935B2 JP 2013208492 A JP2013208492 A JP 2013208492A JP 2013208492 A JP2013208492 A JP 2013208492A JP 6263935 B2 JP6263935 B2 JP 6263935B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
- H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Description
本発明は、電池セルの温度異常を検出する温度異常検出装置、及び、電池パックに関する。 The present invention relates to a temperature abnormality detection device that detects a temperature abnormality of a battery cell, and a battery pack .
電池セルに異常が生じると、電池セルの温度が過剰に上昇し、故障の原因となる。このため、特許文献１に記載の電池温度自動調整充電装置では、電池セルの温度異常を検出した場合、電池セルの充電を中止している。 When an abnormality occurs in the battery cell, the temperature of the battery cell rises excessively, causing a failure. For this reason, in the battery temperature automatic adjustment charging device described in Patent Document 1, charging of the battery cell is stopped when a temperature abnormality of the battery cell is detected.
特許文献１に記載の電池温度自動調整充電装置では、二次電池（電池セル）の温度と、周囲温度を検出し、両者の温度差により異常を検出している。二次電池の温度は、周囲との熱交換によって変動するため、二次電池と周囲温度の温度差によって二次電池の異常を検出している。 In the battery temperature automatic adjustment charging device described in Patent Document 1, the temperature of the secondary battery (battery cell) and the ambient temperature are detected, and an abnormality is detected based on the temperature difference between the two. Since the temperature of the secondary battery varies due to heat exchange with the surroundings, the abnormality of the secondary battery is detected by the temperature difference between the secondary battery and the ambient temperature.
ところで、周囲温度が急激に変動すると、周囲温度は急激に変動する一方で、二次電池の温度は周囲との熱交換によって緩やかに変動するため周囲温度と二次電池との温度差が大きくなる。すると、電池温度自動調整充電装置が、二次電池に異常が生じていないにも関わらず、二次電池に異常が生じていると判断するおそれがある。 By the way, when the ambient temperature fluctuates rapidly, the ambient temperature fluctuates abruptly, while the temperature of the secondary battery gradually varies due to heat exchange with the surroundings, so the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the secondary battery increases. . Then, there is a possibility that the battery temperature automatic adjustment charging device determines that an abnormality has occurred in the secondary battery even though no abnormality has occurred in the secondary battery.
本発明はこのような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、電池セルにおける温度異常の誤検出を抑制することができる温度異常検出装置、及び、電池パックを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and an object thereof is to provide a temperature abnormality detection device and a battery pack that can suppress erroneous detection of temperature abnormality in a battery cell. There is.
上記課題を解決する温度異常検出装置は、被結合部材に熱的に結合された電池セルの温度異常を検出する制御装置を備えた温度異常検出装置であって、前記被結合部材の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサと、前記電池セルの温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサと、を備え、前記制御装置は、前記電池セルの温度と、前記被結合部材の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに前記電池セルの温度が異常と判断することを要旨とする。 A temperature abnormality detection device that solves the above-described problem is a temperature abnormality detection device that includes a control device that detects a temperature abnormality of a battery cell that is thermally coupled to a coupled member, and detects the temperature of the coupled member. A temperature sensor for the coupled member, and a temperature sensor for the battery cell that detects the temperature of the battery cell, and the control device is configured such that a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is a threshold value. The gist is to determine that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal at the above time.
電池セルと熱的に結合される被結合部材の温度は、外気温が変動すると、外気との熱交換によって外気温に近づいていく。このため、外気温が変動したときの被結合部材の温度変動は、外気温の変動に比べて緩やかである。電池セルの温度と被結合部材の温度の温度差によって電池セルの温度異常を判断しているため、外気温が急激に変動しても、被結合部材の温度と電池セルの温度がともに緩やかに外気温に近づいていくため、電池セルの温度と被結合部材の温度の温度差が過剰に大きくなりにくい。このため、電池セルにおける温度異常の誤検出を抑制することができる。 When the outside air temperature fluctuates, the temperature of the coupled member that is thermally coupled to the battery cell approaches the outside air temperature by heat exchange with the outside air. For this reason, the temperature fluctuation of the coupled member when the outside air temperature fluctuates is gentler than the fluctuation of the outside air temperature. Since the temperature abnormality of the battery cell is determined by the temperature difference between the battery cell temperature and the temperature of the coupled member, both the temperature of the coupled member and the temperature of the battery cell are moderated even if the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly. Since the temperature approaches the outside air temperature, the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is unlikely to become excessively large. For this reason, the erroneous detection of the temperature abnormality in a battery cell can be suppressed.
上記温度異常検出装置について、前記被結合部材は、前記電池セルを収容するケースであることが好ましい。
これによれば、電池セルが収容されるケースを利用して、電池セルの温度異常を検出することができる。
About the said temperature abnormality detection apparatus, it is preferable that the said to-be-joined member is a case which accommodates the said battery cell.
According to this, the temperature abnormality of a battery cell can be detected using the case in which the battery cell is accommodated.
上記温度異常検出装置について、前記被結合部材は、積荷を搬送する産業車両に搭載されるカウンタウェイトであることが好ましい。
カウンタウェイトは、積荷とつりあいをとるための部材であり、重量が重い。このため、体積が大きく、熱容量が大きい。外気温が急激に変動したときに、カウンタウェイトの温度の変動は緩やかであり、電池セルの温度と被結合部材の温度の温度差が過剰に大きくなることをより抑制することができる。
上記温度異常検出装置について、前記ケースの一部はカウンタウェイトであることが好ましい。
上記課題を解決する電池パックは、電池セルと、前記電池セルに熱的に結合される被結合部材と、前記被結合部材の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサと、前記電池セルの温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサと、前記電池セルの温度と、前記被結合部材の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに前記電池セルの温度が異常と判断する制御装置と、を備え、前記被結合部材は、前記電池セルと外気との間に配置されていることを要旨とする。
上記電池パックについて、前記被結合部材は、ウェイト部と、前記ウェイト部から立設したウェイト本体とを備えるカウンタウェイトであり、前記電池セルは、前記ウェイト本体に固定されていてもよい。
上記電池パックについて、前記カウンタウェイトの熱容量は、外気温の変動に対して前記カウンタウェイトの温度が緩やかに変動するような熱容量であることが好ましい。
In the temperature abnormality detection device, it is preferable that the coupled member is a counterweight mounted on an industrial vehicle that transports a load.
The counterweight is a member for balancing with the load and is heavy. For this reason, the volume is large and the heat capacity is large. When the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly, the temperature variation of the counterweight is gentle, and it is possible to further suppress the temperature difference between the battery cell temperature and the coupled member temperature from becoming excessively large.
In the temperature abnormality detection device, a part of the case is preferably a counterweight.
A battery pack that solves the above problems includes a battery cell, a coupled member that is thermally coupled to the battery cell, a temperature sensor for a coupled member that detects the temperature of the coupled member, and the temperature of the battery cell. A battery cell temperature sensor, and a control device that determines that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal when a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is equal to or greater than a threshold value, The gist is that the member to be coupled is disposed between the battery cell and the outside air.
In the battery pack, the member to be coupled may be a counterweight including a weight portion and a weight main body standing upright from the weight portion, and the battery cell may be fixed to the weight main body.
With respect to the battery pack, it is preferable that the heat capacity of the counterweight is such that the temperature of the counterweight changes gradually with respect to changes in outside air temperature.
本発明によれば、電池セルにおける温度異常の誤検出を抑制することができる。 According to the present invention, erroneous detection of temperature abnormality in a battery cell can be suppressed.
以下、温度異常検出装置を具体化した一実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態において、温度異常検出装置は、フォークリフトに搭載される電池パックに設けられている。以下の説明において「前」「後」「左」「右」「上」「下」は、フォークリフトの運転者がフォークリフトの前方を向いた状態を基準とした場合の「前」「後」「左」「右」「上」「下」を示すものとする。
Hereinafter, an embodiment embodying the temperature abnormality detection device will be described.
In the present embodiment, the temperature abnormality detection device is provided in a battery pack mounted on a forklift. In the following description, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “upper”, and “lower” are “front”, “rear”, and “left” when the forklift driver is facing the front of the forklift. ”,“ Right ”,“ upper ”, and“ lower ”.
図１に示すように、産業車両としてのフォークリフト１０の車体１１の前下部には駆動輪１２が設けられているとともに、車体１１の後下部には操舵輪１３が設けられている。また、車体１１の前部には、荷役装置が設けられている。荷役装置を構成するマスト１４は、車体１１の前部に立設されているとともに、当該マスト１４にはリフトブラケット１５を介して左右一対のフォーク１６が設けられている。フォーク１６には、積荷１９が搭載される。車体１１には、駆動輪１２の駆動源となる走行用モータＭ１と、フォーク１６の駆動源となる荷役用モータＭ２が搭載されている。車体１１の下部には、電池パック３０が搭載されている。以下、電池パック３０について詳細に説明を行う。 As shown in FIG. 1, drive wheels 12 are provided at the front lower part of a vehicle body 11 of a forklift 10 as an industrial vehicle, and steering wheels 13 are provided at a rear lower part of the vehicle body 11. In addition, a cargo handling device is provided at the front portion of the vehicle body 11. The mast 14 constituting the cargo handling apparatus is erected on the front portion of the vehicle body 11, and the mast 14 is provided with a pair of left and right forks 16 via a lift bracket 15. A load 19 is mounted on the fork 16. The vehicle body 11 is equipped with a traveling motor M1 as a drive source for the drive wheels 12 and a cargo handling motor M2 as a drive source for the fork 16. A battery pack 30 is mounted on the lower portion of the vehicle body 11. Hereinafter, the battery pack 30 will be described in detail.
図２に示すように、電池パック３０は、ケース３１を備え、そのケース３１には、電池モジュール５１が収容されている。ケース３１は、フォーク１６に搭載される積荷１９とつりあいをとるためのカウンタウェイト３２を備えている。カウンタウェイト３２は、矩形板状をなすウェイト部３３と、ウェイト部３３の短手方向一端３３ａからウェイト部３３の厚み方向に立設されるとともに、ウェイト部３３の長手方向一端３３ｃから長手方向他端３３ｄに亘って延びる矩形板状のウェイト本体３４とからなる。換言すれば、ウェイト部３３は、ウェイト本体３４の基端からウェイト本体３４の厚み方向に立設されている。ウェイト本体３４の先端（ウェイト本体３４の基端とは反対側の端部）には、ウェイト本体３４を該ウェイト本体３４の厚み方向に切り欠いた切欠部３５が形成されている。カウンタウェイト３２は、鉄などの金属材料からなる。切欠部３５には、矩形平板状をなす載置板３６が固定されている。載置板３６上には、電池モジュール５１の制御を行う制御装置４１（電池ＥＣＵ）及びリレーや配線などが収容されるジャンクションボックス４２が配設されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the battery pack 30 includes a case 31, and a battery module 51 is accommodated in the case 31. The case 31 includes a counterweight 32 for balancing with the load 19 mounted on the fork 16. The counterweight 32 is a weight part 33 having a rectangular plate shape, and is erected in the thickness direction of the weight part 33 from one end 33a in the short side direction of the weight part 33, and the other in the longitudinal direction from one longitudinal direction end 33c of the weight part 33. The weight body 34 has a rectangular plate shape extending over the end 33d. In other words, the weight portion 33 is erected from the proximal end of the weight body 34 in the thickness direction of the weight body 34. At the distal end of the weight body 34 (the end opposite to the base end of the weight body 34), a notch 35 is formed by cutting the weight body 34 in the thickness direction of the weight body 34. The counterweight 32 is made of a metal material such as iron. A mounting plate 36 having a rectangular flat plate shape is fixed to the notch 35. On the mounting plate 36, a control device 41 (battery ECU) for controlling the battery module 51 and a junction box 42 in which a relay, wiring, and the like are accommodated are disposed.
ウェイト部３３の長手方向両端及びウェイト部３３の短手方向他端３３ｂ（短手方向一端３３ａとは反対側の端部）には、それぞれ、矩形平板状の蓋部材３７，３８，３９が設けられている。また、ウェイト本体３４の先端と、各蓋部材３７，３８，３９には、天板４０が支持されている。そして、カウンタウェイト３２、蓋部材３７，３８，３９及び天板４０によって四角箱状のケース３１が構成されている。 Rectangular plate-shaped lid members 37, 38, 39 are provided at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the weight portion 33 and the other end 33 b in the short direction of the weight portion 33 (the end opposite to the one end 33 a in the short direction), respectively. It has been. A top plate 40 is supported on the tip of the weight body 34 and the lid members 37, 38, 39. The counter weight 32, the lid members 37, 38, 39 and the top plate 40 constitute a square box-like case 31.
電池モジュール５１は、ウェイト本体３４の厚み方向一面に固定されており、これにより電池モジュール５１とウェイト本体３４は熱的に結合されている。電池モジュール５１は、複数の電池セル５２を有している。したがって、本実施形態において、電池セル５２が固定される被結合部材は、カウンタウェイト３２である。また、カウンタウェイト３２は、ケース３１の一部を構成するため、ケース３１が被結合部材であるともいえる。 The battery module 51 is fixed to one surface in the thickness direction of the weight main body 34, whereby the battery module 51 and the weight main body 34 are thermally coupled. The battery module 51 has a plurality of battery cells 52. Therefore, in this embodiment, the member to be coupled to which the battery cell 52 is fixed is the counterweight 32. Further, since the counterweight 32 constitutes a part of the case 31, it can be said that the case 31 is a coupled member.
上記した電池パック３０には、温度異常検出装置６０が設けられ、電池セル５２に異常が生じた場合には、温度異常検出装置６０によって異常が検出される。以下、具体的に説明を行う。 The battery pack 30 is provided with a temperature abnormality detection device 60, and when the battery cell 52 is abnormal, the temperature abnormality detection device 60 detects the abnormality. A specific description will be given below.
図３に示すように、カウンタウェイト３２には、カウンタウェイト３２の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサとして機能する第１の温度センサ６１が設けられている。第１の温度センサ６１は、ウェイト部３３や、ウェイト本体３４に取り付けられることで、直接カウンタウェイト３２の温度を検出してもよいし、周囲温度の影響が少ない場合にはカウンタウェイト３２から若干離間した状態で取り付けられて、カウンタウェイト３２から伝わる熱からカウンタウェイト３２の温度を推測してもよい。また、ケース３１の内側に設けられていてもよいし、ケース３１の外側に設けられていてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the counter weight 32 is provided with a first temperature sensor 61 that functions as a temperature sensor for a coupled member that detects the temperature of the counter weight 32. The first temperature sensor 61 may directly detect the temperature of the counterweight 32 by being attached to the weight portion 33 or the weight main body 34, or slightly from the counterweight 32 when the influence of the ambient temperature is small. The temperature of the counterweight 32 may be estimated from the heat that is attached in a separated state and is transmitted from the counterweight 32. Further, it may be provided inside the case 31 or may be provided outside the case 31.
各電池モジュール５１には、電池セル５２の温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサとして機能する第２の温度センサ６２が設けられている。第２の温度センサ６２は、電池セル５２に取り付けられることで、直接電池セル５２の温度を検出してもよいし、周囲温度の影響が少ない場合には電池セル５２から若干離間した状態で取り付けられて、電池セル５２から伝わる熱から電池セル５２の温度を推測してもよい。また、第２の温度センサ６２は、単数の電池セル５２に取り付けられていてもよいし、複数の電池セル５２に取り付けられていてもよい。複数の電池セル５２に第２の温度センサ６２が取り付けられる場合には、複数の電池セル５２の平均の温度を電池セル５２の温度とする。 Each battery module 51 is provided with a second temperature sensor 62 that functions as a battery cell temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the battery cell 52. The second temperature sensor 62 may be directly attached to the battery cell 52 to detect the temperature of the battery cell 52. If the influence of the ambient temperature is small, the second temperature sensor 62 is attached in a state slightly separated from the battery cell 52. Thus, the temperature of the battery cell 52 may be estimated from the heat transmitted from the battery cell 52. Further, the second temperature sensor 62 may be attached to a single battery cell 52 or may be attached to a plurality of battery cells 52. When the second temperature sensor 62 is attached to the plurality of battery cells 52, the average temperature of the plurality of battery cells 52 is set as the temperature of the battery cell 52.
第１の温度センサ６１及び第２の温度センサ６２は、制御装置４１に接続されている。これにより、制御装置４１は、カウンタウェイト３２の温度及び電池セル５２の温度を検出することができる。本実施形態では、第１の温度センサ６１、第２の温度センサ６２及び制御装置４１によって温度異常検出装置６０が構成されている。 The first temperature sensor 61 and the second temperature sensor 62 are connected to the control device 41. Thereby, the control device 41 can detect the temperature of the counterweight 32 and the temperature of the battery cell 52. In the present embodiment, the first temperature sensor 61, the second temperature sensor 62, and the control device 41 constitute a temperature abnormality detection device 60.
次に、制御装置４１が行う制御について説明する。
図４に示すように、ステップＳ１において、制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度を検出し、ステップＳ２に移行する。ステップＳ２において、制御装置４１は、カウンタウェイト３２の温度を検出し、ステップＳ３に移行する。そして、ステップＳ３において、制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度と、カウンタウェイト３２の温度から、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差を算出し、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値以上か否かを判定する。
Next, control performed by the control device 41 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 4, in step S1, the control device 41 detects the temperature of the battery cell 52, and proceeds to step S2. In step S2, the control device 41 detects the temperature of the counterweight 32, and proceeds to step S3. In step S <b> 3, the control device 41 calculates the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 from the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32, and the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the counter It is determined whether the temperature difference of the temperature of the weight 32 is equal to or greater than a threshold value.
ステップＳ３の判定結果が肯定の場合、すなわち、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値以上の場合、制御装置４１は、ステップＳ４に移行する。ステップ４において、制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度が異常と判断し、処理を終了する。制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度を異常と判断した場合には、リレーを操作して、電池セル５２の充放電を停止させる。 If the determination result of step S3 is affirmative, that is, if the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 is greater than or equal to the threshold value, the control device 41 proceeds to step S4. In step 4, the control device 41 determines that the temperature of the battery cell 52 is abnormal, and ends the process. When it is determined that the temperature of the battery cell 52 is abnormal, the control device 41 operates the relay to stop charging / discharging of the battery cell 52.
ステップＳ３の判定結果が否定の場合、すなわち、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値未満の場合、制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度が正常と判定し、処理を終了する。制御装置４１は、電池セル５２が充放電されている間、図４に示した処理を繰り返し行う。 If the determination result of step S3 is negative, that is, if the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 is less than the threshold, the control device 41 determines that the temperature of the battery cell 52 is normal and performs the process. finish. The control device 41 repeatedly performs the process shown in FIG. 4 while the battery cell 52 is being charged / discharged.
次に、本実施形態の温度異常検出装置６０の作用について図５にしたがって説明する。図５では、外気温の温度変動を線Ｌ１で示し、電池セル５２の温度変動を線Ｌ２で示し、カウンタウェイト３２の温度変動を線Ｌ３で示す。 Next, the operation of the temperature abnormality detection device 60 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, the temperature fluctuation of the outside air temperature is indicated by a line L1, the temperature fluctuation of the battery cell 52 is indicated by a line L2, and the temperature fluctuation of the counterweight 32 is indicated by a line L3.
図５に示すように、フォークリフト１０が、時刻ｔ１に温度が低い環境（例えば、冷蔵室や冷凍室）に進入すると、外気温は急激に変動する。このとき、外気温の温度を直接検出して、外気温の温度と電池セル５２の温度との閾値によって電池セル５２の温度異常を判定している場合、外気温は急激に低下する一方で、電池セル５２の温度は外気との熱交換によって緩やかに低下する。すると、時刻ｔ１直後の外気温と電池セル５２の温度の温度差ｄ１が閾値以上になりやすく、電池セル５２に異常が生じていないにも関わらず、制御装置４１は電池セル５２の温度が異常と判断するおそれがある。 As shown in FIG. 5, when the forklift 10 enters an environment where the temperature is low (for example, a refrigerating room or a freezing room) at time t1, the outside air temperature changes rapidly. At this time, when the temperature of the outside air temperature is directly detected and the temperature abnormality of the battery cell 52 is determined based on the threshold between the temperature of the outside air temperature and the temperature of the battery cell 52, the outside air temperature rapidly decreases, The temperature of the battery cell 52 gradually decreases due to heat exchange with the outside air. Then, the temperature difference d1 between the outside air temperature immediately after time t1 and the temperature of the battery cell 52 tends to be equal to or greater than the threshold value, and the control device 41 detects that the temperature of the battery cell 52 is abnormal even though the battery cell 52 is not abnormal. There is a risk of judging.
本実施形態では、カウンタウェイト３２の温度を検出して、カウンタウェイト３２の温度と電池セル５２の温度とを比較している。カウンタウェイト３２及び電池セル５２の温度は、外気温との熱交換によって緩やかに外気温に近づいていく。すなわち、外気温が変動すると、カウンタウェイト３２と電池セル５２は、ともに緩やかに外気温に近づいていくため、外気温が急激に変動したとしても、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差ｄ２が閾値以上になりにくい。 In the present embodiment, the temperature of the counterweight 32 is detected, and the temperature of the counterweight 32 and the temperature of the battery cell 52 are compared. The temperatures of the counterweight 32 and the battery cell 52 gradually approach the outside air temperature by heat exchange with the outside air temperature. That is, when the outside air temperature fluctuates, both the counterweight 32 and the battery cell 52 gradually approach the outside air temperature, so that even if the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly, the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 are not affected. The temperature difference d2 is unlikely to be greater than or equal to the threshold value.
なお、閾値は、仕様の使用環境温度範囲内で外気温が変動したときの電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差や、仕様の使用環境温度範囲内で電池セル５２に異常が生じたときの電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差などから定められる。閾値としては、上記した条件から、電池セル５２に異常が生じていない状態で外気温が変動したときに電池セル５２が異常と判断されず、かつ、電池セル５２に温度異常が生じたときに電池セル５２が異常と判断される値に設定される。 Note that the threshold value is a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the counterweight 32 when the outside air temperature fluctuates within the specified operating environment temperature range, or an abnormality in the battery cell 52 within the specified operating environment temperature range. It is determined from the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 when it occurs. As the threshold value, when the outside air temperature fluctuates in a state in which no abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 52, the battery cell 52 is not determined to be abnormal and the battery cell 52 has a temperature abnormality from the above conditions. The battery cell 52 is set to a value that is determined to be abnormal.
したがって、上記実施形態によれば、以下のような効果を得ることができる。
（１）制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに、電池セル５２に異常が生じていると判断している。カウンタウェイト３２の温度は、外気温が急激に変動しても、緩やかに外気温に近づいていく。このため、外気温が急激に変動しても、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値以上になりにくく、温度異常の誤検出を抑制することができる。電池セル５２の異常時には、電池セル５２の発熱によって電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が閾値以上となり、温度異常が検出される。
Therefore, according to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The control device 41 determines that an abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 52 when the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 is equal to or greater than a threshold value. The temperature of the counterweight 32 gradually approaches the outside air temperature even when the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly. For this reason, even if the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly, the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 is unlikely to be equal to or greater than the threshold value, and erroneous detection of temperature abnormality can be suppressed. When the battery cell 52 is abnormal, the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 becomes equal to or greater than a threshold due to heat generation of the battery cell 52, and the temperature abnormality is detected.
（２）被結合部材としてケース３１を用いている。このため、電池セル５２を収容するケース３１を利用して、電池セル５２の温度異常を検出することができる。
（３）ケース３１の一部として、カウンタウェイト３２を用いており、第１の温度センサ６１は、カウンタウェイト３２の温度を検出している。カウンタウェイト３２は、積荷１９とつりあいをとるための部材であり、重量が重い。このため、熱容量が大きく、外気温が急激に変動したときに、カウンタウェイト３２の温度の変動は緩やかである。したがって、外気温が急激に変動しても、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度の温度差が過剰に大きくなりにくい。
(2) The case 31 is used as a member to be coupled. For this reason, the temperature abnormality of the battery cell 52 can be detected using the case 31 that houses the battery cell 52.
(3) The counter weight 32 is used as a part of the case 31, and the first temperature sensor 61 detects the temperature of the counter weight 32. The counterweight 32 is a member for balancing with the load 19 and is heavy. For this reason, when the heat capacity is large and the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly, the temperature variation of the counterweight 32 is moderate. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature fluctuates rapidly, the temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32 is unlikely to become excessively large.
なお、実施形態は以下のように変更してもよい。
○ 被結合部材は、電池セル５２と熱的に結合されている部材であれば、どのような部材であってもよい。例えば、フォークリフト１０の車体１１などを被結合部材としてもよい。なお、電池セル５２と被結合部材が熱的に結合されている状態とは、電池セル５２と被結合部材が直接接触している場合に限られず、電池セル５２と被結合部材が、空間を介して熱交換を行える場合や、介在物を介して熱交換を行えるような状態も含む。
In addition, you may change embodiment as follows.
The member to be coupled may be any member as long as it is a member that is thermally coupled to the battery cell 52. For example, the vehicle body 11 of the forklift 10 may be used as the coupled member. The state in which the battery cell 52 and the member to be coupled are thermally coupled is not limited to the case where the battery cell 52 and the member to be coupled are in direct contact, and the battery cell 52 and the member to be coupled have a space. This includes a state in which heat exchange can be performed through a state and a state in which heat exchange can be performed through inclusions.
○ 実施形態において、制御装置４１は、電池セル５２の温度異常を検出した後、電池セル５２の充放電を停止させたが、これに限られない。例えば、制御装置４１は、フォークリフト１０の運転者が視認できる表示部に電池セル５２に異常が生じたことを表示して、運転者にフォークリフト１０の停止などを促してもよい。 In embodiment, although the control apparatus 41 detected the temperature abnormality of the battery cell 52 and stopped charging / discharging of the battery cell 52, it is not restricted to this. For example, the control device 41 may display the fact that an abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 52 on a display unit that can be visually recognized by the driver of the forklift 10, and prompt the driver to stop the forklift 10 or the like.
○ 温度異常検出装置６０は、フォークリフト１０に搭載される電池パック３０（電池セル５２）以外に設けられてもよい。
○ 実施形態では、複数の電池モジュール５１を有する電池パック３０に温度異常検出装置６０を設けたが、温度異常検出装置６０は、単一の電池モジュール５１や、単一の電池セル５２に対して設けてもよい。すなわち、電池セル５２の数は、いくつであってもよい。
The temperature abnormality detection device 60 may be provided in addition to the battery pack 30 (battery cell 52) mounted on the forklift 10.
In the embodiment, the temperature abnormality detection device 60 is provided in the battery pack 30 having the plurality of battery modules 51, but the temperature abnormality detection device 60 is provided for a single battery module 51 or a single battery cell 52. It may be provided. That is, the number of battery cells 52 may be any number.
○ 産業車両は、パワーショベルなどであってもよい。
○ ステップＳ３で、電池セル５２の温度とカウンタウェイト３２の温度を比較する前に、電池セル５２の温度から、電池セル５２に異常が生じているか否かを判定してもよい。
○ The industrial vehicle may be a power shovel.
In step S3, before comparing the temperature of the battery cell 52 and the temperature of the counterweight 32, it may be determined from the temperature of the battery cell 52 whether or not an abnormality has occurred in the battery cell 52.
次に、上記実施形態及び変形例から把握することができる技術的思想について以下に追記する。
（イ）前記ケースの一部は、カウンタウェイトであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の電池パック。
Next, the technical idea that can be grasped from the embodiment and the modified examples will be described below.
(A) The battery pack according to claim 2, wherein a part of the case is a counterweight.
１０…フォークリフト、３０…電池パック、３１…ケース、３２…カウンタウェイト、４１…制御装置、５２…電池セル、６０…温度異常検出装置、６１…第１の温度センサ、６２…第２の温度センサ。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Forklift, 30 ... Battery pack, 31 ... Case, 32 ... Counterweight, 41 ... Control device, 52 ... Battery cell, 60 ... Temperature abnormality detection device, 61 ... 1st temperature sensor, 62 ... 2nd temperature sensor .
Claims (8)
前記被結合部材は、前記電池セルと外気との間に配置されており、
前記電池セルは、前記被結合部材の一面に固定されており、
前記被結合部材の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサと、
前記被結合部材の一面よりも前記電池セル側において前記電池セルの温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサと、を備え、
前記被結合部材は、金属材料からなり、外気温の変動に対して温度が緩やかに変動するような熱容量を有しており、
前記制御装置は、前記電池セルの温度と、前記被結合部材の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに前記電池セルの温度が異常と判断することを特徴とする温度異常検出装置。 A temperature abnormality detection device comprising a control device for detecting a temperature abnormality of a battery cell thermally coupled to a member to be coupled,
The coupled member is disposed between the battery cell and the outside air,
The battery cell is fixed to one surface of the coupled member,
A temperature sensor for a coupled member that detects the temperature of the coupled member;
A battery cell temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the battery cell on the battery cell side of one surface of the coupled member ;
The member to be coupled is made of a metal material, and has a heat capacity such that the temperature gradually changes with respect to a change in outside air temperature,
The temperature abnormality detection device, wherein the control device determines that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal when a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is equal to or greater than a threshold value.
前記電池セル用温度センサは、前記ケース内において前記電池セルの温度を検出することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の温度異常検出装置。 Wherein the coupling member, Ri Oh a case that houses the battery cell,
The temperature abnormality detection device according to claim 1, wherein the battery cell temperature sensor detects a temperature of the battery cell in the case.
前記電池セルに熱的に結合される被結合部材と、
前記被結合部材の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサと、
前記電池セルの温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサと、
前記電池セルの温度と、前記被結合部材の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに前記電池セルの温度が異常と判断する制御装置と、を備え、
前記被結合部材は、前記電池セルと外気との間に配置されており、
前記電池セルは、前記被結合部材の一面に固定されており、
前記電池セル用温度センサは、前記被結合部材の一面よりも前記電池セル側において前記電池セルの温度を検出し、
前記被結合部材は、金属材料からなり、外気温の変動に対して温度が緩やかに変動するような熱容量を有していることを特徴とする電池パック。 A battery cell;
A coupled member thermally coupled to the battery cell;
A temperature sensor for a coupled member that detects the temperature of the coupled member;
A battery cell temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery cell;
A control device that determines that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal when a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is equal to or greater than a threshold;
The coupled member is disposed between the battery cell and the outside air ,
The battery cell is fixed to one surface of the coupled member,
The battery cell temperature sensor detects the temperature of the battery cell on the battery cell side from one surface of the coupled member,
The battery pack is characterized in that the member to be coupled is made of a metal material and has a heat capacity such that the temperature gradually changes with respect to a change in outside air temperature .
前記電池セル用温度センサは、前記ケース内において前記電池セルの温度を検出することを特徴とする請求項３に記載の電池パック。 The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the battery cell temperature sensor detects a temperature of the battery cell in the case.
前記被結合部材の一面には、複数の前記電池モジュールが固定されていることを特徴とする請求項３又は請求項４に記載の電池パック。 The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of the battery modules are fixed to one surface of the coupled member.
前記被結合部材の一面は、前記第２部材の厚み方向の一面に位置していることを特徴とする請求項３〜請求項５のうちいずれか一項に記載の電池パック。 6. The battery pack according to claim 3, wherein one surface of the coupled member is located on one surface in a thickness direction of the second member.
前記電池セルに熱的に結合される被結合部材と、
前記被結合部材の温度を検出する被結合部材用温度センサと、
前記電池セルの温度を検出する電池セル用温度センサと、
前記電池セルの温度と、前記被結合部材の温度の温度差が閾値以上のときに前記電池セルの温度が異常と判断する制御装置と、を備え、
前記被結合部材は、前記電池セルと外気との間に配置されており、
前記被結合部材は、ウェイト部と、前記ウェイト部から立設したウェイト本体とを備えるカウンタウェイトであり、
前記電池セルは、前記ウェイト本体に固定されていることを特徴とする電池パック。 A battery cell;
A coupled member thermally coupled to the battery cell;
A temperature sensor for a coupled member that detects the temperature of the coupled member;
A battery cell temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the battery cell;
A control device that determines that the temperature of the battery cell is abnormal when a temperature difference between the temperature of the battery cell and the temperature of the coupled member is equal to or greater than a threshold;
The coupled member is disposed between the battery cell and the outside air,
The coupled member is a counterweight including a weight portion and a weight main body standing from the weight portion,
The battery pack, wherein the battery cell is fixed to the weight body.
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| JP2013208492A JP6263935B2 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2013-10-03 | Temperature abnormality detection device and battery pack |
| PCT/JP2014/074179 WO2015049971A1 (en) | 2013-10-03 | 2014-09-12 | Temperature abnormality detecting apparatus |
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