JP6262475B2 - 電圧検出装置 - Google Patents
電圧検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6262475B2 JP6262475B2 JP2013187591A JP2013187591A JP6262475B2 JP 6262475 B2 JP6262475 B2 JP 6262475B2 JP 2013187591 A JP2013187591 A JP 2013187591A JP 2013187591 A JP2013187591 A JP 2013187591A JP 6262475 B2 JP6262475 B2 JP 6262475B2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00016—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using a wired telecommunication network or a data transmission bus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3835—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC involving only voltage measurements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
- Y04S30/10—Systems supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles
- Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
電力システム1の第1実施例を説明する。第1実施例におけるMPU14は、ID設定処理において、IC13[1]のアドレス番号を通信ラインCL[0:1]を介して、直接、IC13[1]に伝達すると共に、IC13[i+1]のアドレス番号を、IC13[1]〜13[i]及び通信ラインCL[0:1]〜CL[i:i+1]を介して、直接、IC13[i+1]に伝達する(ここで、iは(n−1)以下の自然数)。各IC13は、自身に伝達されたアドレス番号を、自身のアドレス番号に設定すればよい。
電力システム1の第2実施例を説明する。上述したように、MPU14及びIC13[1]〜13[n]間の通信の形態は任意であるが、第2実施例において、その通信の形態の一例を挙げる。
電力システム1の第3実施例を説明する。第3実施例では、第1実施例で述べたものと異なるID設定処理の方法を説明する。第3実施例及び後述の第4実施例における動作は、第2実施例で示した構造の下で実現されて良い。説明の具体化のため、第3実施例でも、n=4であると仮定する。図9は、第3実施例に係るID設定処理の動作フローチャートである。ID設定処理は、ステップS31〜S35の処理から成る。
起動信号W2を受信したIC13[2]は、ステップS33において、クロック数Q2に応じたアドレス番号“2”を自身のアドレス番号に設定すると共に、起動信号W2に基づきクロック数Q3の同期クロック信号SCLKを含む起動信号W3を生成し、起動信号W3をポート32から通信ラインCL[2:3]に出力してIC13[3]に伝達する。
起動信号W3を受信したIC13[3]は、ステップS34において、クロック数Q3に応じたアドレス番号“3”を自身のアドレス番号に設定すると共に、起動信号W3に基づきクロック数Q4の同期クロック信号SCLKを含む起動信号W4を生成し、起動信号W4をポート32から通信ラインCL[3:4]に出力してIC13[4]に伝達する。
電力システム1の第4実施例を説明する。第4実施例は、第3実施例の技術の一実現例に相当し、矛盾無き限り、第3実施例で述べた事項が第4実施例に適用される。
電力システム1の第5実施例を説明する。電力システム1には電圧検出装置が内在している。図1の電力システム1における電圧検出装置は、制御部としてのMPU14と、複数の電圧検出部としてのIC13[1]〜13[n]と、通信ラインCLと、絶縁器15を備える。電力システム1は、電圧検出装置を形成する又は電圧検出装置を備える半導体装置を内包している。半導体装置において、IC13[1]〜13[n]及びMPU14の夫々を、半導体集積回路を用いて形成することができる。
11 組電池
12 電力ブロック
13、13[1]〜13[n] 電圧検出IC
14 MPU
15 絶縁器
21 通信ポート
31 上位側ポート
32 下位側ポート
CL、CL[0:1]〜CL[n−1:n] 通信ライン
Claims (7)
- 単位電池が複数接続されて形成される組電池に接続され、前記組電池をn個のブロックに分割してブロック単位で各単位電池の端子電圧を検出する第1〜第n電圧検出部と(nは2以上の整数)、
第1〜第n電圧検出部に互いに異なる固有IDを設定するID設定処理の後、各電圧検出部から前記端子電圧の検出結果を示す電圧検出結果信号を受ける制御部と、
前記制御部、第1電圧検出部、第2電圧検出部、・・・、第n電圧検出部の順番で、それらを互いに直列接続する通信ラインと、を備え、
前記通信ラインは、各電圧検出部及び前記制御部間で同期をとるための同期クロック信号を伝送する同期クロックラインを含み、
前記ID設定処理において、前記制御部は、所定のクロック数の同期クロック信号を前記制御部及び第1電圧検出部間の同期クロックラインに出力し、各電圧検出部にて受信される同期クロック信号のクロック数が第1〜第n電圧検出部間で互いに異なるように、第i電圧検出部は、受信した同期クロック信号に基づく同期クロック信号を第i電圧検出部及び第(i+1)電圧検出部間の同期クロックラインに出力し(iは(n−1)以下の自然数)、各電圧検出部は、受信した同期クロック信号のクロック数に応じた固有IDを自身の固有IDに設定する
ことを特徴とする電圧検出装置。 - 前記ID設定処理において、第i電圧検出部は、前記制御部又は第(i−1)電圧検出部から同期クロック信号を受信したとき、受信した同期クロック信号のクロック数よりも所定数だけ少ないクロック数の同期クロック信号を生成し、生成した同期クロック信号を第i電圧検出部及び第(i+1)電圧検出部間の同期クロックラインを介して第(i+1)電圧検出部に伝達する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電圧検出装置。 - 前記ID設定処理において、前記制御部は、前記所定のクロック数の同期クロック信号を、間隔をおいて繰り返し、前記制御部及び第1電圧検出部間の同期クロックラインに出力し、
各電圧検出部は、自身の固有IDの設定前において同期クロック信号を受信すると、受信した同期クロックラインのクロック数に応じた固有IDを自身の固有IDに設定し、第i電圧検出部は、自身の固有IDの設定後において同期クロック信号を更に受信すると、更に受信した同期クロック信号に基づく同期クロック信号を第i電圧検出部及び第(i+1)電圧検出部間の同期クロックラインに出力する
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の電圧検出装置。 - 前記ID設定処理の後、設定された各固有IDを用い第1〜第n電圧検出部を互いに区別した状態で、前記制御部は、前記通信ラインを介し各電圧検出部と通信を行う
ことを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載の電圧検出装置。 - 請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の電圧検出装置を形成する半導体装置であって、
前記電圧検出装置における各電圧検出部及び前記制御部を、集積回路を用いて形成した
ことを特徴とする半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至4の何れかに記載の電圧検出装置と、
前記電圧検出装置に接続される組電池と、
前記組電池に充電電力を供給する又は前記組電池の放電電力を受ける電力ブロックと、を備えた
ことを特徴とする電力システム。 - 請求項6に記載の電力システムが搭載され、前記電力システム内の組電池の放電電力を用いて移動する
ことを特徴とする移動体。
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JP2013187591A JP6262475B2 (ja) | 2013-09-10 | 2013-09-10 | 電圧検出装置 |
US14/472,841 US9575133B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2014-08-29 | Voltage detection device |
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JP2013187591A JP6262475B2 (ja) | 2013-09-10 | 2013-09-10 | 電圧検出装置 |
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JP6221879B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-25 | 2017-11-01 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 電池監視装置 |
JP6172176B2 (ja) * | 2015-02-09 | 2017-08-02 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電池監視装置 |
US9550406B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2017-01-24 | Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. | Thermal dissipation system of an electric vehicle |
US9954260B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2018-04-24 | Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited | Battery system with heat exchange device |
US9499067B2 (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-11-22 | Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. | Power management in electric vehicles |
US9533551B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2017-01-03 | Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. | Electric vehicle thermal management system with series and parallel structure |
US10703211B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2020-07-07 | Thunder Power New Energy Vehicle Development Company Limited | Battery pack, battery charging station, and charging method |
US10173687B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2019-01-08 | Wellen Sham | Method for recognizing vehicle driver and determining whether driver can start vehicle |
US9469350B2 (en) | 2015-03-16 | 2016-10-18 | Thunder Power Hong Kong Ltd. | Underbody manufacturing method and vehicle underbody |
JP2017173071A (ja) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | セル電圧計測装置 |
KR101916791B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-11-08 | 현대오트론 주식회사 | 배터리 관리 시스템의 통신 방법 |
KR20210103299A (ko) * | 2020-02-13 | 2021-08-23 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 제어 시스템, 배터리 팩, 전기 차량 및 상기 배터리 제어 시스템을 위한 제어 방법 |
WO2022186374A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-05 | 2022-09-09 | ヌヴォトンテクノロジージャパン株式会社 | 電圧測定装置、及び組電池システム |
DE102022200643A1 (de) | 2022-01-20 | 2023-07-20 | Minebea Mitsumi Inc. | Vorrichtung zur Überwachung von Einzelzellspannungen |
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JP4605952B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-29 | 2011-01-05 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 蓄電装置及びその制御方法 |
JP5250230B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-28 | 2013-07-31 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 車両用電源システムおよび電池セル制御用集積回路 |
JP5582678B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-25 | 2014-09-03 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 電圧検出装置 |
US8022669B2 (en) * | 2009-01-06 | 2011-09-20 | O2Micro International Limited | Battery management system |
EP2425238B1 (en) * | 2009-05-01 | 2018-10-17 | Analog Devices, Inc. | An addressable integrated circuit and method thereof |
JP5438542B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-15 | 2014-03-12 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | 電圧検出装置 |
EP2490315A1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-08-22 | austriamicrosystems AG | Cell balancing module, voltage balancer device, and method for voltage balancing, particularly for voltage balancing of a stack of batteries |
US8907625B2 (en) * | 2011-07-15 | 2014-12-09 | O2Micro, Inc. | Battery management systems with vertical bus circuits |
-
2013
- 2013-09-10 JP JP2013187591A patent/JP6262475B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2014
- 2014-08-29 US US14/472,841 patent/US9575133B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2015055503A (ja) | 2015-03-23 |
US9575133B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 |
US20150069974A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
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