JP6253964B2 - Milk quality improving agent and milk quality improving method for milk - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a milk quality improving agent for milk, a mastitis prevention / amelioration agent, a milk quality improvement method for milk, a mastitis prevention / improvement method, and a milk production method.

  Factors that influence the milk quality of milk include milk components such as milk fat in milk, viable cell count, somatic cell count, sediment (dust), and milk flavor. In particular, the number of somatic cells in milk is often penalized for the milk price when certain criteria are not met, and milk may be suspended in some cases, so for dairy farmers the number of somatic cells in milk Meeting the standards is very important. However, the number of somatic cells in milk is one of the criteria that is particularly difficult for dairymen to control, and it is not uncommon to exceed the standard value for the number of somatic cells in milk.

  Most of the causes of increased somatic cell count in milk are thought to be due to mastitis in dairy cows. If you are affected by mastitis, even if it is latent mastitis or mild mastitis, the milk quality and milk yield will be reduced. In severe cases, affected cows will be isolated, milked milk will be discarded, and affected cows It may lead to the abolition of. Then, when compared with the amount of milk that should be originally obtained from healthy cattle, the loss of milk when suffering from mastitis becomes very large. In addition, considering the cost of treatment and penalties for milk price, the economic impact of mastitis on dairymen is enormous. Therefore, mastitis control is a very important issue for dairy farmers and related industries.

  Various measures have been taken to prevent mastitis, such as cleaning the breeding environment and improving milking methods, but it is difficult to completely prevent mastitis. On the other hand, antibiotics are administered for the treatment and improvement of mastitis, but there is a risk of generation of treatment charges, residual antibiotics in milk, restrictions on shipment of milk, and emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. There are many problems.

  Here, the number of somatic cells in milk is the number of somatic cells (neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages, epithelial cells, etc.) in milk, and protection against mastitis caused by bacterial infection in the breast The reaction is thought to increase the number of somatic cells in milk. Therefore, reducing the number of somatic cells in milk is considered not only to improve milk quality, but also to prevent or improve mastitis. Under such circumstances, as a substance that reduces the number of somatic cells in milk and is effective in preventing or improving mastitis when administered or fed to dairy cows, for example, oregano essential oil (see Patent Document 1), trehalose ( Patent Document 2) has been proposed.

JP 2004-187527 A JP 2013-223481 A

  It is an object of the present invention to find a substance having an excellent milk quality improving action or mastitis preventing / ameliorating action, and to provide a milk quality improving agent for milk or a mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent containing the substance as an active ingredient. .

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa is effective in reducing the number of somatic cells in milk, thereby completing the present invention. It was.

  That is, firstly, the present invention provides a milk quality-improving agent that contains an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa as an active ingredient and that improves milk quality by administering it to dairy cows (Invention 1).

  The milk quality improving agent for milk according to the above invention (Invention 1) contains an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa as an active ingredient, and the quality of the milk can be improved by administering this to a cow.

  In the said invention (invention 1), it is preferable that the said milk quality improvement is the reduction | decrease of the number of somatic cells in milk (invention 2).

  Secondly, the present invention provides a mastitis preventive / ameliorating agent for dairy cattle characterized by containing an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa as an active ingredient (Invention 3).

  The mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the above invention (Invention 3) can prevent / treat mastitis in dairy cows.

  Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for improving milk quality, characterized by administering an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa to a dairy cow (Invention 4).

  Fourthly, the present invention provides a method for preventing and improving mastitis in dairy cows, characterized in that an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa is administered to dairy cows (Invention 5).

  According to the said invention (invention 4 and 5), the milk quality of milk can be improved, or mastitis can be prevented and improved.

  Fifth, the present invention provides a milk production method characterized by administering an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa to a dairy cow and milking the dairy cow (Invention 6).

  According to the said invention (invention 6), milk with excellent milk quality can be produced, and milk loss associated with mastitis can be suppressed.

  The milk quality improving agent for milk according to the present invention can improve the milk quality of milk by being administered to milk cows. Moreover, the mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present invention can prevent and treat mastitis in dairy cows. Furthermore, according to the present invention, milk quality can be improved, or mastitis can be prevented / improved. Furthermore, according to the present invention, milk with excellent milk quality can be produced, and milk yield loss associated with mastitis can be suppressed.

6 is a graph showing the results of administration groups in Test Example 1. 6 is a graph showing the results of a control group in Test Example 1. 10 is a graph showing the results of Test Example 2.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
The milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to this embodiment is administered to dairy cows and contains an extract from a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa as an active ingredient.

  Here, in the “extract from the plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa” in the present embodiment (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “taken genus plant extract”), an extract obtained by using a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa as an extraction raw material. , A diluted solution or a concentrated solution of the extract, a dried product obtained by drying the extract, or a crude product or a purified product thereof.

  In addition, “milk quality improvement” in the present embodiment refers to at least one of milk components (milk fat, milk protein, or non-fat milk solid component), viable cell count, or somatic cell count, or milk flavor in milk. Although it means improving, it is particularly preferable to reduce the number of somatic cells in milk.

  The plant used as an extraction raw material in the present embodiment is a plant belonging to the genus Takenigusa (scientific name: Macleaya).

  The genus Macleaya is a genus of the poppy family. The plant used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it belongs to the genus Takenigusa, and for example, Takenigusa (Macleaya cordata), microcarpa (Macleaya microcarpa) and the like can be used as an extraction raw material. . Takenigusa is a perennial plant with a plant height of about 1 to 1.5 m, and is native to East Asia including Japan, and can be easily obtained from these regions.

  Examples of constituent parts of the genus Takenigusa that can be used as the raw material for extraction include above-ground parts such as leaves, stems, and flower parts, underground parts such as roots and rhizome parts, whole grasses, and mixtures thereof.

  The bamboo genus plant extract can be obtained by drying an extraction raw material, pulverizing it as it is or using a crusher, and subjecting it to extraction with an extraction solvent. Drying may be performed in the sun or using a commonly used dryer. Moreover, after performing pretreatment, such as degreasing, with a nonpolar solvent such as hexane, it may be used as an extraction raw material. By performing pretreatment such as degreasing, extraction treatment of the bamboo genus plant with a polar solvent can be efficiently performed.

  As the extraction solvent, it is preferable to use a polar solvent, and examples thereof include water and hydrophilic organic solvents. These are used alone or in combination of two or more at room temperature or a temperature below the boiling point of the solvent. It is preferable.

  Examples of water that can be used as the extraction solvent include pure water, tap water, well water, mineral spring water, mineral water, hot spring water, spring water, fresh water, and the like, and those subjected to various treatments. Examples of the treatment applied to water include purification, heating, sterilization, filtration, ion exchange, osmotic pressure adjustment, buffering, and the like. Therefore, the water that can be used as the extraction solvent in this embodiment includes purified water, hot water, ion exchange water, physiological saline, phosphate buffer, phosphate buffered saline, and the like.

  Examples of hydrophilic organic solvents that can be used as extraction solvents include lower aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 5 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol; lower aliphatic ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; 1,3-butylene. Examples thereof include polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 5 carbon atoms such as glycol, propylene glycol and glycerin.

  When using the liquid mixture of 2 or more types of polar solvents as an extraction solvent, the mixing ratio can be adjusted suitably. For example, when a mixed liquid of water and lower aliphatic alcohol is used as an extraction solvent, the mixing ratio of water and lower aliphatic alcohol is preferably 9: 1 to 1: 9 (volume ratio), More preferably, it is 7: 3 to 2: 8 (capacity ratio). In addition, when a mixed liquid of water and a lower aliphatic ketone is used, the mixing ratio of water and the lower aliphatic ketone is preferably 9: 1 to 2: 8 (volume ratio). When using the liquid mixture with a monohydric alcohol, it is preferable that the mixing ratio of water and a polyhydric alcohol is 5: 5 to 1: 9 (volume ratio).

  The extraction treatment is not particularly limited as long as the soluble component contained in the extraction raw material can be eluted in the extraction solvent, and can be performed according to a conventional method. For example, the extraction raw material is immersed in an extraction solvent 5 to 15 times (mass ratio) of the extraction raw material, the soluble components are extracted at room temperature or under reflux, and then filtered to remove the extraction residue. A liquid can be obtained. When the solvent is distilled off from the obtained extract, a paste-like concentrate is obtained, and when this concentrate is further dried, a dried product is obtained.

  The extract obtained as described above can be used as it is as an active ingredient of a milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventive / therapeutic agent, but a concentrated solution or a dried product is easier to use.

  The bamboo genus plant extract obtained as described above exhibits an excellent effect of improving milk quality and preventing or improving mastitis when administered to dairy cows. It can be used as an active ingredient of a mastitis preventive / ameliorating agent.

  Here, the milk quality improving action or mastitis preventing / ameliorating action of the bamboo genus plant extract is exerted based on, for example, the action of reducing the number of somatic cells in milk. However, the milk quality improvement action or mastitis prevention / improvement action of the bamboo genus plant extract is limited to the milk quality improvement action or mastitis prevention / improvement action exhibited based on the action of decreasing the number of somatic cells in milk. is not.

  The milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment may be composed only of a bamboo genus plant extract, but when the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent is used as a feed additive, feed ingredients It is preferable to make a mixture containing the extract of the genus Takenigusa and add it to the feed as a feed additive. By preparing a mixture in which an extract of the genus Takenigusa in advance in the feed material, handling becomes easy when added to the feed feed. In this case, when a dried material of the genus Takenigusa is used as a feed raw material to be mixed, it contains the same components as the extract of the genus Takenigusa used in the present embodiment, and the milk quality improving action or mastitis preventing / ameliorating action in the present embodiment Is particularly preferred since it becomes stronger.

  When the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment is a mixture of the bamboo genus plant extract and the feed raw material, the content of the bamboo genus plant extract in the mixture is not particularly limited. And can be appropriately set according to the purpose. For example, when using a dried product of the genus Takenigusa such as Takenigusa, the preferred content of the extract of the genus Takenigusa in the mixture is 0.1 to 50% by mass, and the particularly preferred content is 1 to 10% by mass. is there.

  The milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment may be composed only of a bamboo genus plant extract or a mixture thereof with a feed material, or a bamboo genus plant extract or a feed material thereof. A mixture may be formulated.

  When formulating the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment, for example, sugars such as dextrin and starch; proteins such as gelatin, soy protein and corn protein; amino acids such as alanine, glutamine and isoleucine ; Polysaccharides such as cellulose and gum arabic; oils and fats such as soybean oil, sunflower oil, and medium chain fatty acid triglycerides; etc., powder, granules, tablets, liquids, etc. according to conventional methods using any auxiliary agent Can be formulated into any dosage form. Furthermore, as an auxiliary agent, for example, excipients, binders, disintegrating agents, lubricants, stabilizers, flavoring / flavoring agents, and the like that can be usually used in animal medicine may be used.

  When the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment is formulated, the content of the bamboo genus plant extract is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set according to the purpose.

  The milk quality improving agent or mastitis prevention / amelioration agent according to the present embodiment may be combined with other natural extracts having a milk quality improvement action or mastitis prevention / amelioration action, if necessary, together with the bamboo genus plant extract. It can mix | blend and can be used as an active ingredient.

  In this embodiment, the animal that is the target of milk quality improvement or mastitis prevention / improvement is a dairy cow. The dairy cow is not particularly limited as long as it is a milkable cow, and examples include Holstein and Jersey. However, in this embodiment, cows that cannot be milked (for example, breeding cows and bulls) are not included in the dairy cows that are targets of this embodiment.

  The administration time to the dairy cow of the milk quality improving agent or mastitis prevention / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited. For example, the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent may be administered during the milking period or during the dry period. Moreover, the administration method to a dairy cow is not specifically limited, For example, the method of adding or mixing to another feed raw material as a feed additive and orally administering is illustrated.

  The dose of the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent to the dairy cow is preferably 1 to 200 mg / day, preferably 5 to 50 mg / day per cow, in terms of the extract of the genus Takenigusa. It is more preferable. By administering within such a range, the action of the extract of the genus Takenigusa can be effectively exhibited without excessive costs.

  In addition, when administered to dairy cows as a feed additive, the blending amount of the milk quality improving agent and mastitis prevention / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment into the feed is converted to the amount of the bamboo genus plant extract blended per ton of feed. It is preferably 0.1 to 20 g, more preferably 0.5 to 5 g, and particularly preferably 1.5 to 2.5 g. By blending in the feed in such a range, it becomes easy to set the dose of the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment to the dairy cow in the above-described range.

  In this embodiment, milk somatic cells extracted from dairy cows by the action of the extract of the genus Takenigusa, which is an active ingredient, are administered to the dairy cow by the milk quality improving agent or mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent. The number of somatic cells in milk can be reduced to 300,000 / mL or less, more preferably 200,000 / mL or less. In addition to these, in the “decrease in the number of somatic cells in milk” in the present embodiment, the number of somatic cells in milk is preferably maintained at 300,000 / mL or less, more preferably 200,000 / mL or less. Shall be included.

  The milk quality improving agent according to the present embodiment can improve milk quality by being administered to dairy cows through the milk quality improving action or the somatic cell number reducing action of the bamboo genus plant extract. Here, since the milk price of milk is affected by the quality of the milk, if the quality of the milk can be improved, the economic effect on the dairy farmer will be great. However, the milk quality improving agent according to the present embodiment can be used for all purposes that are meaningful in exhibiting the action of reducing the number of somatic cells in milk in addition to these uses.

  The mastitis preventive / ameliorating agent according to this embodiment can prevent and / or improve mastitis in dairy cows through the mastitis preventive / ameliorating action or the somatic cell number reducing action of the bamboo genus plant extract. . Here, preventing and / or improving mastitis leads to maintaining the good health of dairy cows and suppressing milk yield loss associated with mastitis. However, the mastitis preventive / ameliorating agent according to the present embodiment may be used for all purposes that are meaningful in exhibiting mastitis preventive / ameliorating action or milk somatic cell number reducing action in addition to these uses. it can.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, the quality of milk can be improved by administering the bamboo genus extract to dairy cows (corresponding to the milk quality improving method according to the present invention), and mastitis can be reduced. It can be prevented and / or improved (corresponding to the mastitis prevention / amelioration method according to the present invention).

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the milk genus extract is administered to a dairy cow and milked from the dairy cow can produce milk with improved milk quality, particularly milk with a reduced number of somatic cells in the milk. At the same time, it can prevent and ameliorate mastitis and keep the health of dairy cows in good condition, thereby reducing the milk loss associated with mastitis and substantially increasing the milk yield that can be sold. (Corresponding to the milk production method according to the present invention).

  The embodiment described above is described for facilitating understanding of the present invention, and is not described for limiting the present invention. Therefore, each element disclosed in the above embodiment is intended to include all design changes and equivalents belonging to the technical scope of the present invention.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a test example are shown and this invention is demonstrated concretely, this invention is not restrict | limited to each following example at all.

[Example 1]
The bamboo rush was extracted with an aqueous ethanol solution to obtain a bamboo rush extract. 5 parts by mass of the resulting bamboo rush extract and 95 parts by mass of the dried bamboo rush powder were mixed to produce a milk quality improving agent. In the following test examples, the obtained milk quality improving agent (sample 1) was used as a test sample.

[Test Example 1]
The test was performed by dividing 600 dairy cows whose average number of somatic cells in milk was about 300,000 / mL into two groups of 300 dairy cows. One group contains a milk quality improving agent (sample 1) so that the dosage of milk quality improving agent (sample 1) per animal is 300 mg / day (15 mg / day in terms of bamboo rush extract). The commercially available feed was fed (administration group). The other group was fed a commercial feed without a milk quality improver (control group). In both groups, the number of somatic cells in the milk was measured on the day before the start of the test and 30 days after the start of the test.

  For administration groups, dairy cows with 0 to 200,000 / mL milk somatic cells, dairy cows with more than 200,000 to 300,000 / mL, dairy cows with more than 300,000 to 500,000 / mL, dairy cows with more than 500,000 / 1,000,000 mL FIG. 1 is a graph illustrating the ratio of dairy cows exceeding 1 million / mL to the whole group (300 heads), and FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating the ratio of the control group in the same manner.

  As is clear from FIG. 1, in the administration group, the number of dairy cows having a milk somatic cell count of 200,000 / mL or less remarkably increased by administering Sample 1 for 30 days. The number of dairy cows exceeding 200,000 / mL was decreasing. On the other hand, as is clear from FIG. 2, in the control group, the number of dairy cows whose milk somatic cell count was 200,000 / mL or less slightly decreased after 30 days, and the number of dairy cows exceeding 200,000 / mL. There was a slight increase in the number of dairy cows. That is, it was recognized that the milk quality can be significantly improved by administering the milk quality improving agent (sample 1), and the proportion of healthy cows with a small number of somatic cells in milk can be increased.

[Test Example 2]
77 dairy cows with Staphylococcus aureus detected and suspected of having mastitis were continuously fed a commercial feed for 9 months (before administration). Thereafter, a commercial feed containing the milk quality improving agent (sample 1) was prepared so that the dosage of the milk quality improving agent (sample 1) per animal was 800 mg / day (40 mg / day in terms of the bamboo shoot extract). She was continuously fed for 10 months (after administration). The number of somatic cells in the milk was continuously measured before and after administration. A graph illustrating the average value of each month is shown in FIG.

  As is clear from FIG. 3, the average number of somatic cells in milk was around 300,000 / mL before administration, and some months exceeded 500,000 / mL, but the number of somatic cells in milk was significant after administration. After 3 months from the start of administration, the value was almost stably maintained at around 200,000 / mL.

  As shown from the above results, by administering the milk quality-improving agent of the present invention to dairy cows, the number of somatic cells in milk can be significantly reduced, and the milk quality can be improved. In addition, a decrease in the number of somatic cells in milk means that mastitis can be improved, and that a low number of somatic cells in milk means that mastitis can be prevented. That is, the milk quality improving agent of the present invention can also be used as a mastitis preventing / ameliorating agent. Furthermore, milk with improved milk quality can be produced by administering the milk quality improving agent of the present invention to dairy cows.

  According to the present invention, milk quality can be improved by a relatively simple method and mastitis can be prevented and / or improved, which is very useful for the dairy and dairy industries.

Claims (6)

Water, milk quality improving agent for milk quality improving milk by a hydrophilic organic solvent or an active ingredient extract from macleaya cordata to the extraction solvent a mixed solvent thereof, administered to dairy cows.   The milk quality improving agent according to claim 1, wherein the milk quality improvement is a reduction in the number of somatic cells in milk. Water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or mastitis prophylaxis or improvement agent of cows, characterized in that an active ingredient an extract from macleaya cordata to extraction solvent mixture of these solvents. A method for improving milk quality, comprising administering to a dairy cow an extract from a bamboo rush using water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof as an extraction solvent . A method for preventing and improving mastitis in dairy cows, comprising administering to a dairy cow an extract from bamboo rush using water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof as an extraction solvent . A milk production method comprising administering an extract from bamboo rush using water, a hydrophilic organic solvent or a mixed solvent thereof to a dairy cow and milking the dairy cow.

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