JP6253083B2 - Crack-induced joint structure of reinforced concrete beams - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a crack-induced joint structure of a reinforced concrete beam (particularly an RC beam or a PCa beam).

  A concrete structure of a building is cracked (also referred to as a crack) by repeatedly expanding and contracting. In order to control this crack, it is a common practice to apply a technique for inducing a crack to a part of the structure to the wall surface. In other words, the crack-inducing joint is intentionally provided to prevent the occurrence of harmful cracks by generating cracks that are inevitably generated by the functions of the concrete itself, such as drying shrinkage. This is a joint to be put in a concrete wall, where the thin wall is provided at regular intervals and the joint is provided to induce cracks, especially for the outer wall, this part is filled with a sealing material. It is generally done. Sometimes, a technique is also applied to cut the rebar and make it easier to crack.

  For example, FIG. 6 of Patent Document 1 shows a strip-shaped metal blocking member in which a pair of joints are embedded on the front and back surfaces of a concrete load bearing wall and are embedded in the concrete load bearing wall in the width direction of the load bearing wall. Are disclosed in parallel with each other. However, in this embodiment, there is a problem that a sufficient cracking effect cannot be obtained due to the adhesive force between the concrete and the blocking member.

  Therefore, instead of the shielding member, the patent applicant developed a technology that embeds two parallel edge members that are wide in the wall thickness direction so that they can be separated, and induces cracks at the boundary of the overlapping surface. (See FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1).

JP2006-90039

  The technique of Patent Document 1 is intended for a load-bearing wall, and is not specifically disclosed regarding application to beams (particularly RC beams). The beam has a function of supporting a vertical load provided between two points (for example, columns), and it is necessary to secure the function even when the above technique is applied.

  In general, in order to exhibit a sufficient crack concentration function with an RC member, the cross-sectional defect of the joint is 20% of the member thickness. In order to obtain the required defect rate only with the joints on the surface of the member (hereinafter referred to as “external joints”), it is necessary to increase the depth of the external joints. On the other hand, to ensure the function of the beams, external joints are required. In the cross section provided with the beam, it is necessary to ensure the rigidity and strength of the beam only by the remaining beam portion excluding the joint formation portion. As a result, a margin of thickness corresponding to the joint depth is provided on the outer side of the main reinforcing bar located in the four directions of the cross section of the beam member. That is, the portion corresponding to the joint depth of the member is increased in thickness, so that more material is required and the weight is increased.

The first object of the present invention is to provide a reinforced concrete beam that induces cracks in the interior of the beam by providing an internal joint formed by embedding two plates in the center of the beam so as to be separated from each other. It is to propose a crack-induced joint structure.
The second object of the present invention is to form the inner joint at the central part of the reinforced concrete beam so as to reduce the increase in the thickness corresponding to the joint depth (external joint depth) of the beam member. is there.

The first means is a crack inducing structure of a reinforced concrete beam having a plurality of main reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction,
Forming an external joint in at least a part of the intersection of one virtual cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam made of concrete and the surface of the beam;
In the center of the virtual cross section, an internal joint is formed by embedding two plate materials that are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and are separably overlapped,
By inserting a plurality of main rebars in the middle region between the outer joint and the inner joint, a crack is induced on the overlapping surface of the two plate members 12,
The longitudinal section of the beam material orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the beam material is a rectangular shape having a pair of first sides parallel to the horizontal direction and a pair of second sides parallel to the vertical direction,
And, the two plate members are formed into a waveform cotter in which the waveform repeats in the direction orthogonal to the side and the longitudinal direction,
Of the corrugated surfaces appearing on both sides of these corrugated cotters, two surfaces facing each other are used as the above-mentioned overlapping surfaces, and the two opposite surfaces are provided so as to be in contact with the concrete.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present means forms an external joint 10O on the surface of the beam body 4 and an internal joint 10I in the center of the beam body 4, and an intermediate region between the external joint 10O and the internal joint 10I. A structure in which main reinforcing bars are provided in M is shown. A sufficient crack-inducing function can be expected because an internal joint is provided on the inner side of the main reinforcing bar.
Moreover, this means provides the aspect which forms two board | plate materials which form an internal joint in a waveform as shown in FIG. Resistance to shearing force in the direction in which the waveforms are continuous increases.

The second means includes the first means, and the vertical cross section of the beam material perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam material is divided into a pair of first sides parallel to the horizontal direction and a pair of first sides parallel to the vertical direction. A rectangular shape having two sides is formed, and external joints are formed only on one or both of the second sides.

This means proposes to form external joints only on the second side (vertical side in the illustrated example) of the crack-inducing structure having a rectangular longitudinal section. This is to reduce the apparent thickness increase. In this means, the “longitudinal direction” and the “lateral direction” refer to respective directions in a state where the beam members are horizontally installed. As a more preferable form, when the width of the beam material directed to the side is D, the width of the inner joint is d _I , and the sum of the depths of the outer joint is d _O , [(d _I + d _O ) / D] can be in the form of a defect rate of 20% to 40%.

The third means has the first means or the second means, and
The external joint was formed from the lower surface of the beam material to both side surfaces in the lateral direction.

In this means, the external joint is formed from the lower surface of the beam material to both lateral sides. By providing an external joint also on the lower surface of the beam material, even if there is a possibility that a crack generated on the lower surface of the beam material may be touched by human eyes, the appearance can be maintained.

According to the first aspect of the invention, the outer joint 10O is formed on the surface of the beam body 4, and the inner joint 10I is formed in the center of the beam body 4, and the intermediate between the outer joint 10O and the inner joint 10I is formed. Since the main rebar is provided in the area, it can exert a sufficient crack-inducing function due to the internal joint.
Further, according to the first aspect of the invention, since the plate material 12 forming the internal joint 10I is formed in a corrugated shape, the resistance to the shearing force is large.
According to the invention relating to the second means, since the external joint is provided only on the second side of the beam member, the thickness increase due to the external joint can be reduced.
According to the invention relating to the third means, even if there is a possibility that a crack generated on the lower surface of the beam member may be touched by human eyes, the appearance can be kept intact.

It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the crack induction joint structure of the reinforced concrete beam which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention from the side. It is the longitudinal cross-sectional view which looked at the beam body containing the crack induction joint structure of FIG. 1 from the front. It is a perspective view of the beam body of FIG. It is a perspective view of the two board | plate materials which comprise the joint of FIG. 1, The same figure (A) depicts the state which isolate | separated and showed the two board | plate materials, The figure (B) depicts the mode shown separately, respectively. ing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure showing the form of one test body used for experiment of this invention, the same figure (A) is sectional drawing which looked at the test body from the side, and the same figure (B) is a part front of the test body. It is the figure seen from the direction, The figure (C) is the cross section which looked at the said test body from upper direction, The figure (D) is the partially expanded view of the cross section of (C). It is a figure showing the form of the other test body used for the experiment of this invention, and has shown sectional drawing seen from the side. It is a figure showing the form of the further another test body used for experiment of this invention, the same figure (A) is sectional drawing seen from the side, and the same figure (B) is a part of test body from the front direction. FIG. These are the figures which show the mode of the crack which arose by performing a tensile loading test with respect to each test body, the same figure (A) shows the test result of test body B-13, and the same figure (B) shows test body S. The test result of -25, the figure (C) shows the test result of the specimen S-40, and the figure (D) shows the test result of the specimen W-40. These are explanatory drawing of the test result showing the relationship between a horizontal load and a member angle, the figure (A) shows the test result of the test body B-13, and the same figure (B) shows the test result of the test body S-25. (C) shows the test result of the specimen S-40, and (D) shows the test result of the specimen W-40. It is a figure which shows the mode of the crack which arose by performing a shear-force loading test with respect to each test body, the same figure (A) shows the test result of test body B-13, the same figure (B) shows test body S-. FIG. 25C shows the test results of the test specimen S-40, and FIG. 10D shows the test results of the test specimen W-40. It is a figure which shows the experimental result showing the relationship between a cross-sectional area defect | deletion rate and a crack load reduction coefficient (eta).

  1 to 4 are longitudinal sectional views of a crack-induced joint structure of an RC beam according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

For convenience of explanation, the explanation starts with the RC beam 2 first. The RC beam 2 includes a main reinforcing bar 6 extending in the X direction and a stirrup bar 8 inside a concrete beam body 4 that is used by connecting both ends in the longitudinal direction X to a connecting portion (not shown) such as a column. And buried. Note that a PCa beam may be used instead of the RC beam. The main rebar 6 is embedded at a certain covering depth A ₁ from the surface of the concrete beam body 4.

The crack-inducing joint structure 10 has a virtual cross section S orthogonal to the longitudinal direction at least at one location in the longitudinal direction of the beam body 4 (preferably at two locations between the longitudinal intermediate portion and both end portions of the beam member). Formed along. Specifically, the cracks induced joint structure, the external joint is formed with internal joint 10 _I formed at the center of the virtual cross section S, in the vicinity of intersection of the the virtual cross section S and Haritai fourth surface 10 _O. As shown in FIG. 2, the virtual cross section S is set sufficiently away from the installation location of each stirrup 8.

Internal joint 10 _I, by detachably embedded two plates 12 superposed along the central portion of the virtual cross-section S, is formed on the boundary between those two plate members 12. These plate members 12 are overlapped with no gap so that concrete does not enter. The reason for eliminating the gap is to prevent the concrete from entering between them. In practice, a water repellent is applied to the overlapping surface of the two plate materials, then non-shrink mortar is injected to fill the gap, and the side surfaces are sealed after curing the non-shrink mortar. In the preferred illustrated example, the pair of plate members 12 are formed as corrugated slate that can be engaged with each other. As a result, non-shrinking mortar is injected to improve the adhesiveness of the gap, and the shearing force of the beam bodies 4 can be transmitted to each other and cracks can be easily induced by application of the water repellent. . The water repellent may be applied to one of the opposing surfaces of the pair of plate members, but it is more preferable when applied to both.

  In the above configuration, by embedding the two plate members 12 in the state of being overlapped as shown in the figure, when the concrete is dried and contracted, cracks are induced at the boundary between the two plate members. Even if the surface and / or the back surface of one sheet material is coated with a water repellent instead of two sheet materials, a certain degree of cracking induction effect is produced, but the configuration of the present invention is superior in the degree of the effect. .

  In the manufacturing process of the beam body 4, the pair of plate members 12 are connected to the main reinforcing bar 6 via a connection tool (not shown) and supported at the position shown. As shown in FIG. 2, at least a pair of horizontal support reinforcing bars (not shown) located on both sides (the front side and the back side of the sheet) of the two sheets 12 stacked as shown in FIG. Pressing reinforcing bars (not shown) that pass through the left and right sides of the pair of plate members 12 are erected between the supporting reinforcing bars, and the holding reinforcing bars are tied with a wire to connect them to the supporting bars. May be sandwiched between the holding reinforcing bars.

Between the pair of plate members 12 and the main reinforcing bar 6 forming the inner joint 10 _I, in order to ensure the fluidity and filling property of the concrete "autumn" take A _2. This is because the surrounding area of the main reinforcing bar 6 is also good around the concrete. The size of the opening is about the same as the “opening” between the main reinforcing bars. Specifically, the opening is at least 1.25 times the coarse aggregate size and 1.5 times the average diameter (d) of the adjacent reinforcing bars. That's fine. When the maximum dimension of coarse aggregate in the following table 1 is 25 mm, the minimum value of the empty A ₂ for each average diameter d of the main reinforcement.

The external joint 10 _O is provided on the virtual cross section S along at least a pair of vertical sides (second side in the claims) among the four sides of the vertically long beam body 4. In terms of inducing cracks, it is sufficient that the external joint 10 _O is provided on the pair of vertical sides, and does not have to be provided on the pair of horizontal sides of the beam body 4. However, if there is a possibility that the cracks generated on the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the beam body 4 may touch the human eyes and damage the appearance, external joints are also provided on the pair of lateral sides of the beam body 4 as shown in the figure. These joints can be sealed later. When a slab is provided on the upper side of the beam body 4, it is not necessary to provide an external joint on the upper horizontal side of the beam body 4.

According to the above configuration, the outer joint 10 _O is formed on the surface of the beam body 4 and the inner joint 10 _I is formed at the center of the beam body 4 so as to avoid the intermediate region M where the concrete is restrained by the main reinforcing bars 6. Therefore, each joint can exert a sufficient crack-inducing function and can transmit shear stress.

Next, the results of the present invention were tested using a plurality of specimens, and the contents thereof will be described.
[Explanation of specimen]
As a specimen of the RC beam 2, one kind of specimen (B-13) having only an external joint and three kinds of specimens having an internal joint and an external joint (S-25 shown in FIG. 6, shown in FIG. 5). S-40, W-40 shown in FIG. 7 was used. Since B-13 is the form which abbreviate | omitted the board | plate material for internal joint formation from the structure of another test body, drawing is abbreviate | omitted. A list of test specimens is shown in Table 2, and attributes (material test results, etc.) of the test specimens are shown in Table 3.
The cross section of the test body is 150 mm wide × 650 mm high, and the shear span ratio is 2.8. External joints were common to all specimens, and the presence or absence of internal joints, the type of internal joints, and the defect rate (the value obtained by dividing the sum of external joint depth and internal joint depth by the beam width) were used as variables. The external joint has a trapezoidal notch with a depth on both sides of the beam, and the defect rate is 13%. There are two types of internal joints: two slate corrugated plates (FIGS. 5 and 6) and corrugated steel plates (FIG. 7), with a defect rate of 25% (FIG. 6) and 40% (FIGS. 5 and 5). 7). With respect to the defect rate, it is known that the crack concentration effect is small if it is about 20% or less, and that there is no change in the crack concentration performance if it is 40% or more.
In FIG. 5A, b (= 70 mm), c (= 40 mm), d (= 10 mm), e (= 430 mm), f (= 70 mm), and g (= 40 mm) are common to each specimen. It is. On the other hand, _{a 3} of _{a 1} and 7 in FIG. 5 are both 40 mm, _{a 2} in FIG. 6 is 17.5 mm.

[Explanation of test contents]
The loading history was carried out in two stages: measurement of cracking load and tensile loading for grasping the crack concentration performance of the proposed joint and shear loading for grasping the structural performance of the beam after cracking.
(1) Tensile loading test The lower part of each specimen E is fixed to the base B, and the upper part of the specimen is integrated with an unillustrated force steel frame, and the force steel frame is pushed up with a jack to apply a tensile load to the specimen. added. The control of the force in this test was aimed at reproducing a crack with a residual crack width of 0.3 mm in the joint part at actual size. The tensile load was given to one of the following.
(A) When a crack occurs in the joint, the average of the measured values of the three displacement meters attached to measure the joint extension vertical elongation displacement δm is 0.3 mm.
(B) When no cracks occur in the joint, the average of the measured values of the two displacement gauges attached to measure the full length vertical displacement δa of the specimen is 0.6 mm.
(2) Shear force loading test The lower part of each specimen was fixed, and a horizontal force was applied to the upper part of the specimen. A large number of repeated loadings simulating long-period ground motion were set up. ± 1.0, ± 2.0, ± 3.3, ± 5.0, (± 2.0), ± 7.5, ± 10, (± 5.0), ± 20, ± 30, ± 40 ± 50 × 10 ⁻³ rad. Are basically repeated twice. However, 2.0 × 10 ⁻³ rad. And 5.0 × 10 ⁻³ rad. The number of repetitions was 10 times for each member angle in [() is a small cycle].

[Experimental result]
(1) Results of tensile loading test
A crack diagram at the end of the applied force is shown in FIG. In Specimen B-13 having no internal joints, cracks did not occur in the joints but occurred in places other than the joints (referred to as general parts). On the other hand, in the test body provided with the internal joint, the crack occurred in the general part after the crack occurred in the joint part. As for the load at which cracking occurred, the value of the specimen W-40 having a corrugated steel sheet as the type of internal joint was the smallest.
(2) Results of shear load test
FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the shearing force and the member angle during application, and the member angle R = 5/1000 rad. FIG. 10 shows the cracking situation at the time. Member angle R = 0.4 / 1000 rad. Bending cracks occurred. After that, several bending cracks occurred at the position of the streaks and progressed diagonally toward the center of beam formation. Member angle R = ± 7.5 / 1000 rad. During the cycle, the strain gauge values applied to the main and stirrups reached the yield strain. Member angle R = 8 to 10/1000 rad. There were signs of collapse at the end of the beam. Member angle R = 8 to 10/1000 rad. The maximum yield strength was changed in subsequent cycles, but no major decline in yield strength was observed in the subsequent cycles. Member angle R = 30/1000 rad. It was confirmed that the test body collapsed out of the plane. In the specification of the present application, “an event occurs when the member angle is at the time of the cycle” means that the event occurred somewhere in the cycle, The occurrence of a certain event when the angle is OO rad. (Hour) means that the event has occurred when the angle of the member is reached.

[Consideration of experimental results]
(1) Regarding Test 1 Table 4 shows a comparison between the calculated value and the experimental value in the tensile crack load. Here, the calculated value of the tensile crack load was calculated by multiplying the concrete tensile strength calculated from the following equation 1 by the cross-sectional area taking into account the cross-sectional defect.
[Formula 1] f _t = 0.33 × (√f _c ) (N / mm ² )
Since the experimental values / calculated values are 0.84, 0.63, and 0.36 at the joints of the test bodies S-25, S-40, and W-40 with the internal joints installed, the crack concentration due to the external joints It can be confirmed that the effect of the internal joint was exhibited more than the performance. In addition to the joint part, it is considered that the main reason why the experimental value was significantly lower than the calculated value in the general part was that tensile stress was generated in the concrete due to drying shrinkage and internal restraint by the main bar before loading.
FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the cross-sectional defect rate and the crack load reduction coefficient η. The joint crack load reduction coefficient η is defined as a value obtained by dividing the experimental value of the crack load at the joint by the calculated value of the general crack load (the value obtained by multiplying the concrete tensile strength by the sectional area of the general section). If the cross-sectional area defect rate is about 13%, no cracks occur in the joints. When the cross-sectional area defect ratio exceeds 22%, cracks occur at the joints, and as the cross-sectional area defect ratio increases, the crack load reduction coefficient η at the joints decreases, and the probability that cracks occur at the joints ahead of the general part A tendency to increase is observed.

(2) Regarding Test 2, Table 5 shows a comparison between the maximum proof stress experimental value and the ultimate bending proof shear force calculation value. The experimental value exceeded the calculated value (the value obtained by converting the ultimate bending strength by the Architectural Institute of Japan into the shearing force) of 1.09 to 1.21. There was no significant difference between the specimens.
There is a significant difference between the specimen B-13 without internal joints and the other specimens with the proposed joint method in terms of fracture progress, load-member angle relationship, crack condition, rebar distortion and displacement measurements. It was considered that there was almost no influence on the structural performance due to the internal joint.

In addition, the said embodiment and experiment example show only a suitable example of this invention, and it cannot be overemphasized that the technical scope of this invention is not limited to these.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Beam (RC beam) 4 ... Beam body 6 ... Main reinforcement 8 ... Rough reinforcement 10 ... Crack induction joint structure 10 _I ... Internal joint 10 _O ... External joint 12 ... Plate material A ₁ ... Covering margin A ₂ ... Space B ... Base E ... Specimen M ... Main reinforcing bar vicinity S ... Virtual cross section

Claims (3)

A crack-inducing structure of a reinforced concrete beam having a plurality of main reinforcing bars extending in the longitudinal direction,
Forming an external joint in at least a part of the intersection of one virtual cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam made of concrete and the surface of the beam;
In the center of the virtual cross section, an internal joint is formed by embedding two plate materials that are perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and are separably overlapped,
By inserting a plurality of main rebars in the middle area between the outer joint and the inner joint, it is configured so that cracks are induced with the overlapping surface of the two plates as a boundary,
The longitudinal section of the beam material orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the beam material is a rectangular shape having a pair of first sides parallel to the horizontal direction and a pair of second sides parallel to the vertical direction,
And, the two plate members are formed into a waveform cotter in which the waveform repeats in the direction orthogonal to the side and the longitudinal direction,
Made of reinforced concrete, characterized in that two of the corrugated surfaces appearing on both sides of these corrugated cotters are opposed to each other, and the two opposite surfaces are in contact with the concrete. Crack-induced joint structure of beams.   The longitudinal cross section of the beam material orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the beam material is a rectangular shape having a pair of first sides parallel to the horizontal direction and a pair of second sides parallel to the vertical direction, and one of the second sides or The joint structure for inducing cracks in a reinforced concrete beam according to claim 1, wherein external joints are formed only on both sides.   The crack-induced joint structure for a reinforced concrete beam according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the external joint is formed from the lower surface of the beam material to both lateral sides.