JP6251607B2 - Offshore structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a three-dimensional unit made of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics) and an offshore structure using the same, particularly weight reduction, high mechanical properties (particularly specific strength, specific rigidity), construction cost / equipment cost reduction, long The present invention relates to a technique suitable for use in large-scale and large-scale offshore structures for which lifetime is desired.

  Traditionally, an energy farm base for offshore wind power generation and solar power generation facilities, disaster prevention bases, floating bridges, bases and bases for mounting various floating structures, various port facilities, offshore runways, roofs of large buildings Various structures constructed using steel materials have been used for various large-scale and large-scale structures (for example, Patent Document 1). However, in large structures using steel materials, the weight of the steel material is basically large, so it is difficult to perform construction and construction, large construction for construction, Or, dedicated heavy machinery is required, the construction period becomes longer, a large construction space is required, and the construction cost is high overall despite the fact that it is a relatively inexpensive material. There are problems such as low and high maintenance costs, relatively low specific strength, and problems of fatigue and brittle fracture during cold use.

  In addition to such basic problems, for example, when considering more specifically about large floating structures constructed using steel in a so-called pontoon type, the length of the waterline is long and due to waves Since the area that receives locally large loads and repeated loads becomes wider, it must be reinforced in a considerably high range in terms of strength, and further increases in weight, equipment costs, construction time, and dedicated heavy machinery, etc. The cost of incidental equipment will also increase. In addition, when the height of the structure from the water surface is increased in preparation for a high wave or the like, the weight and the amount of drainage are greatly increased, and the manufacturing cost is increased.

  In addition, for example, when considering using steel materials for a frame structure of a roof of a large building, a large heavy machine such as a large crane or a dedicated crane is prepared and welding or a special connection structure is prepared. Since it needs to be adopted and constructed, the construction period becomes longer, and incidental costs for incidental equipment such as dedicated heavy machinery and curing equipment for rust prevention etc. will increase in addition to construction.

  In response to various problems in large structures using such steel materials, it is conceivable to use, as a material for constituting a large structure, lightweight, high-mechanical FRP, which has been rapidly growing in demand in recent years. Regarding the use of FRP having such characteristics, for example, Patent Document 2 describes that FRP may be used for a floating body and a reflection wall in a floating wave breaker (Patent Document 2 [0041] paragraph). Patent Document 3 describes that a structure made of CFRP (carbon fiber reinforced plastics) reinforced concrete may be used as a casing in a photovoltaic power generation apparatus (paragraph 3 of Patent Document 3). However, in these proposals, the use of FRP is not limited to a material for constructing the main structure or basic skeleton of a large-sized structure but to an incidental facility or a partial part of the structure.

Japanese Patent No. 4986049 JP2013-221385A JP 2010-74130 A

  As exemplified in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 described above, the use of lightweight FRP has been limited to application to partial parts of the incidental facilities and structures for large structures. As a reinforcing fiber (for example, carbon fiber) for forming a FRP for a member used for constituting a large structure, a thick reinforcing fiber bundle (a large number of reinforcing fibers are aggregated in the form of tow, for example). This is probably because the development of FRP to the main structure or basic skeleton of a large-sized structure has hardly progressed.

  However, recently, for example, regarding carbon fibers, it has become possible to supply general-purpose products by manufacturing large tow, such as 48K (48,000) or 60K (60,000) per bundle. Therefore, if a large number of such large tows that have recently become available can be bundled and used, the main structure or basic skeleton of a large-scale structure of several meters to several tens of meters, or even an ultra-large structure of several hundreds of meters is used. There is a possibility that FRP can be deployed at low cost.

Therefore, the problem of the present invention is to consider the current situation of the thickening of the reinforcing fiber bundle as described above and its applicability, and pay attention to the problems when constructing a large structure using the steel material as described above. Even if FRP, which is more expensive than steel, is used as a material for component construction, while utilizing the light weight, high mechanical properties, ease of joining and molding, etc. As a comprehensive equipment / construction cost for building a structure, it is to construct a structure at a cost comparable to that of using steel. Especially in the marine environment, since the maintenance cost can be significantly reduced by taking advantage of the excellent corrosion resistance of FRP, etc., the FRP three-dimensional unit that can stably maintain a desired state for a long period of time and the same are used. To provide offshore structures.

In order to solve the above-described problems, in the offshore structure according to the present invention, a plurality of FRP rod-shaped members are three-dimensionally organized through a joint formed by integral molding at a plurality of nodes, and all nodes are made of FRP. FRP in which rod-shaped members are rigidly connected to form a “ramen structure” in material mechanics, and in at least a part of all the nodes, FRP reinforcing fibers continuously extend between the FRP rod-shaped members At least three FRP three-dimensional structures formed by connecting a plurality of three-dimensional units made of FRP or three-dimensional units made of FRP, or an FRP assembled structure connected to form a frame, or made of FRP A large FRP construction body in which a plurality of assembly structures are connected to each other is arranged at a position including the water surface in the vertical direction, and at least a part of the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP construction body on the lower side. And consists of those wherein the buoyant body which is entirely located in the water is disposed. The rod-shaped member is a member made of FRP which may be circular or non-circular in cross section and may be solid or hollow.

In such a three-dimensional unit made of FRP for an offshore structure according to the present invention, a plurality of FRP rod-shaped members are three-dimensionally organized through a combination of integral molding at a plurality of nodes, for example, a plane A three-dimensional three-dimensional unit having a substantially rectangular shape as viewed from the side or from the side, or a skeleton as a unit cross section having a triangular prism shape or a quadrangular prism shape. In such a three-dimensional unit made of FRP, since the FRP rod-like members are rigidly connected to each other at all the nodes and are configured in a ramen structure, the three-dimensional unit itself is secured to be lighter than steel. However, as a whole, extremely high rigidity and strength are ensured. In particular, if a thick bundle of a large number of reinforcing fibers, which has recently become possible to produce FRP rod-shaped members, is used, higher rigidity and strength can be achieved. In addition, the FRP reinforcing fibers continuously extend between the FRP rod-shaped members in at least a part of all the node portions, so that the FRP rod-shaped members are more securely fixed to each other at the node portions. A structure is formed, and high strength and rigidity as a three-dimensional unit are achieved. Further, since the three-dimensional unit is made of FRP, the production by molding can be easily performed, even the binding of a plurality of nodes section, without such such welding between metals, by a body forming It can be achieved, and the manufacturing can be facilitated as compared with that made of steel, and the manufacturing cost comparable to that made of steel as a whole can be achieved even when considering the higher material cost than steel. Especially in the marine environment, it is possible to easily achieve a higher specific strength than steel, and it is possible to express characteristics superior to steel in terms of fatigue and corrosion resistance. Maintenance costs can be significantly reduced. Therefore, an FRP three-dimensional unit having such excellent characteristics is appropriately configured in a large structure, and the unit itself is used for the main structure or basic structure of the structure or structure, or the FRP three-dimensional unit. By connecting multiple units to achieve a larger structure, this FRP three-dimensional unit can be used as a basic structural unit for large structures and structures, which are conventionally made of steel. Compared to large structures and structures, especially marine structures , in terms of weight, strength and rigidity, facilities and construction costs, ease of construction, and construction period This makes it possible to bring about technological innovation in terms of long-term durability. The offshore structure according to the present invention uses such a three-dimensional unit made of FRP, and particularly in at least a part of all the node portions, the reinforcing fiber of FRP extends continuously between the rod-like members made of FRP. FRP three-dimensional unit or a plurality of FRP three-dimensional units connected to each other, and at least three FRP three-dimensional structures connected so as to form a frame, A large FRP structure formed by connecting a plurality of FRP assembly structures is disposed at a position including the water surface in the vertical direction, and at least a part of the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure at the lower side. The buoyant body, which is located underwater as a whole, is arranged.

  Further, in at least a part of all the nodes, continuous fibers and discontinuous fibers can coexist as reinforcing fibers of FRP. The presence of discontinuous fibers provides excellent shape shaping and formability, and the presence of continuous fibers at the node portion ensures that the FRP rod-like members are more securely rigidly connected to each other, as described above. High strength and rigidity are achieved.

  In the FRP rod-shaped member constituting the FRP three-dimensional unit, continuous fibers can be used as FRP reinforcing fibers, and continuous fibers and discontinuous fibers can coexist. In the form where the continuous fiber and the discontinuous fiber coexist, for example, the discontinuous fiber exists, but the structure of a rod-shaped member that overlaps with the continuous fiber, for example, 20 mm or more, can be adopted. It is possible to achieve both high rigidity and strength, and excellent shape shaping and formability.

  In the FRP three-dimensional unit, a configuration in which an FRP planar body is partially joined may be employed. Since the planar body exhibits high rigidity in the surface direction, the FRP three-dimensional unit can be reinforced by partially joining the FRP planar body as necessary, and in particular, the planar body. It becomes possible to secure high rigidity for maintaining the three-dimensional shape of the three-dimensional unit at the installation part, and it is possible to secure higher rigidity as a whole FRP three-dimensional unit in combination with the rigid contact at the above-mentioned node part. . Furthermore, since the plurality of three-dimensional units are connected, it can be effectively used for joining by FRP planar bodies.

  Such an FRP three-dimensional unit according to the present invention is preferably configured to be connectable in the shape and structure of the unit itself. By connecting such FRP three-dimensional units, it is possible to construct a structure that is larger in size and has high rigidity at each part.

  The reinforcing fiber in the three-dimensional unit made of FRP as described above is not particularly limited, and it is possible to employ a reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, or aramid fiber, or a hybrid configuration in which these reinforcing fibers are combined. For example, by constructing carbon fiber with excellent fatigue characteristics and rigidity and glass fiber that is not high in fatigue characteristics but low in material costs at an appropriate ratio, the required rigidity as a structure is maintained against repeated loads caused by waves. However, it is possible to create a reinforced fiber structure with excellent fatigue resistance and high cost performance. Moreover, it is preferable that only carbon fiber is used as the reinforcing fiber of the FRP rod-shaped member at a site aiming at high rigidity and strength. As described above, since a large bundle of carbon fibers has become available in recent years, a thick bundle of carbon fibers (for example, 48K (48,000) or 60K (60,000)) is obtained. Bundled carbon fiber bundles) can be used, and a plurality of such thickened carbon fiber bundles can be bundled to form a thickened carbon fiber bundle. Thereby, while ensuring high rigidity and strength, it is possible to cope with a larger FRP three-dimensional unit and a large-sized structure composed of a large number of FRP three-dimensional unit connecting structures. When a cheaper configuration is desired, glass fiber may be mainly used for a portion that does not require high rigidity and fatigue characteristics. In this way, in the hybrid configuration of reinforcing fibers, when the fiber bundle is composed of a plurality of reinforcing fibers, the reinforcing fiber to be applied is changed depending on the part of the three-dimensional structure, or the reinforcing fiber configuration of the fiber bundle is extremely changed. and so on.

  Thus, in the present invention, it is possible to configure a larger FRP three-dimensional structure by connecting a plurality of FRP three-dimensional units as described above. For example, by connecting a plurality of three-dimensional units made of FRP, it is possible to configure a three-dimensional structure made of FRP that extends linearly as a whole or a three-dimensional structure made of FRP that extends in a planar shape.

  In such a three-dimensional structure made of FRP, at least a part of the connecting portion between the three-dimensional units made of FRP can be configured as a ramen structure by rigid contact between the end portions of the three-dimensional unit made of FRP. And at least one part of the connection part between 3D units made from FRP can also be comprised by the non-ramen structure by the soft connection of the edge parts of the 3D unit made from FRP. Depending on the required characteristics of the three-dimensional FRP structure to be constructed, the connecting portion can be a rigid structure or a flexible structure. As the rigid connection structure of the connecting portion, a structure equivalent to the rigid connection rigid frame structure in the three-dimensional unit made of FRP can be basically adopted, and the flexible connection structure includes a rotatable connection structure (for example, , A connecting structure via a pin) or the like. However, it is not always necessary to use only FRP members at these connecting parts, and metal members (for example, metal plate-like members (with perforations), bolts / nuts, pins) are used as necessary. May be.

  In the present invention, at least three FRP three-dimensional units as described above or FRP three-dimensional structures as described above are connected so as to form a frame. Is also provided. The frame body may be formed so as to form a frame body when viewed in a plan view, or may be formed so as to form a frame body when viewed from a side surface. It may be performed so as to form a frame body. In other words, the FRP three-dimensional unit and the FRP three-dimensional structure are connected so as to form a polygonal frame of a triangle, a quadrangle, or more, and a larger FRP assembly structure is obtained. Will be composed. Each connecting portion can be either rigid or flexible. If it is desired to have a rigid structure as much as possible even if it is large, it is sufficient to make a rigid contact, and since it has become large, a structure that does not support large external forces and moments as a whole by releasing stress locally is desired. If you ’re going to be intimidated, you ’re good at it.

  By connecting a plurality of such FRP assembly structures, it is possible to construct a “large FRP construction body” that is a connected body of even larger FRP assembly structures. Each connecting portion can be either rigid connection or soft connection. Also in this case, like the FRP assembly structure, the connecting portion may be rigidly connected if it is desired to be a structure having a rigid structure as much as possible even if it is large. In the case where the structure having a structure that does not need to support the large external force and moment as a whole by releasing the stress is desired, it may be softly connected.

The FRP assembly structure and the large FRP structure as described above are particularly suitable for use in offshore structures. Therefore, the above-mentioned FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure is disposed at a position including the water surface in the vertical direction, and at least part of the FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure is at least partly lower. A marine structure according to the present invention in which a buoyant body located in the water is disposed . In this case, the buoyancy body can be configured using, for example, FRP or engineering plastics.

  In such an offshore structure, an FRP assembly structure or a large FRP structure arranged at a position including the water surface in the vertical direction has a plurality of FRP rod-like shapes through rigid connection at a plurality of nodes. Since the member is configured using a three-dimensional FRP unit in which the members are three-dimensionally organized, a through opening is formed in the FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure installation part. Since the seawater can pass through substantially freely, the installation section basically does not need to receive a large wave force from the seawater. As a result, in the marine structure, even if the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure has a partially welded portion, it is necessary for the entire marine structure because the oscillation due to the wave is very small. The form can be maintained, and even a large offshore structure can be constructed. In addition, since the buoyancy body is disposed in a state where the whole of the buoyancy body is located in the water, the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure is disposed on the lower side of the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure. Large buoyancy by the buoyancy body is obtained while maintaining a through-opening state in which seawater at the installation section can pass substantially freely, and the water position on the upper side of the FRP assembly structure or FRP structure is appropriately maintained. It becomes possible to do. On top of the FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure, there is some kind of equipment (for example, the above-mentioned energy farm base for mounting wind power generators or solar power generation facilities, disaster prevention bases, various water (Building foundations and bases, various port facilities, flying offshore runways) will be installed, but as an offshore structure that supports the mounted structure, it has a structure that generates appropriate buoyancy. The FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure installation part can be compatible with a structure that does not require a large force from seawater. More specifically, the FRP assembly structure or the large FRP structure installation part configured using a thin FRP rod-shaped member as the most basic constituent element is configured as a water surface penetrating part, The buoyancy body, which is placed deep under the surface of the water so that the entire body is located in the water, is configured as a necessary buoyancy generator that does not receive large fluctuating forces due to wave forces, etc. It is possible to reduce the force caused by the flow, reduce buoyancy fluctuations, avoid resonance with the main period of the wave by increasing the tuning period of the buoyant body oscillation by not having an excessive restoring force, and the like. Furthermore, by using FRP having high corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance for the structure of the water surface penetration portion, it is possible to realize a very advantageous structure as a structure in the vicinity of the water surface that is the most severe corrosive environment and has a large water pressure fluctuation. However, in reality, a configuration having a buoyancy body different from the buoyancy body located entirely in water, which is disposed at a position including the water surface in the vertical direction, immediately below the portion supporting the load is also preferable. .

If the technical idea according to the present invention is used, it is possible to construct a large structure in addition to the marine structure as described above. In particular, it is possible to construct a structure using the above-mentioned FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure as a building or bridge skeleton, and more specifically, the lower frame structure of the roof of a large building. It can be used as a skeleton of a body, a floating bridge, a railway bridge, or a road bridge.

  As described above, according to the present invention, while ensuring lightness, joining and molding, ease of construction, etc., as a comprehensive equipment / construction cost, it is large compared with the case of using steel materials at a large cost. A structure can be constructed, and the maintenance cost can be greatly reduced by utilizing the excellent corrosion resistance of FRP. The effect is remarkable when applied as an offshore structure.

It is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional unit made from FRP which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic perspective view of the FRP assembly structure and large FRP structure according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view of the offshore structure which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic front view of the offshore structure of FIG. 3. It is a schematic perspective view of the structure by the technical idea of this invention. It is an expansion schematic side view of A part and B part of the structure of FIG. It is a schematic perspective view of the assembly structure made from FRP which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. It is a general | schematic fragmentary perspective view of another structure by the technical idea of this invention. It is a general | schematic fragmentary perspective view of another structure by the technical idea of this invention. It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the offshore structure in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an FRP three-dimensional unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the FRP three-dimensional unit 1 shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of FRP rod-like members 3 are three-dimensionally structured through coupling at a plurality of node portions 2, and more specifically, a rectangular box shape as a whole. The FRP rod-shaped members 3 are rigidly contacted with each other at all the node portions 2 to form a ramen structure. Due to the rigid contact at all the nodes 2, extremely high rigidity is ensured as the entire FRP three-dimensional unit 1.

  In such an FRP three-dimensional unit 1, as described above, FRP reinforcing fibers (for example, carbon fibers) are continuous across the FRP rod-shaped members 3 in at least some of the node portions 2 of all the node portions 2. Preferably extending. In addition, at least some of the node portions 2 may have a form in which continuous fibers and discontinuous fibers coexist as reinforcing fibers of FRP. In particular, due to the presence of continuous fibers at the node 2, the FRP rod-like members 3 are more firmly connected to each other, and high rigidity as the three-dimensional unit 1 is achieved. For example, when it is desired to partially secure a higher rigidity, an FRP surface body (not shown) can be attached to the portion.

  By configuring the FRP three-dimensional unit 1 as described above to be connectable and connecting a plurality of FRP three-dimensional units 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, a larger FRP three-dimensional structure is provided. 10, the FRP three-dimensional structure 10 extending linearly is formed by connecting a plurality of FRP three-dimensional units 1 linearly. However, it is also possible to constitute a three-dimensional FRP three-dimensional structure (not shown) that spreads in a planar shape if connected in a planar shape. In such an FRP three-dimensional structure 10, the connecting portion between the FRP three-dimensional units 1 can be configured to have a rigid frame structure or a non-ramen structure by soft connection. The selection may be made as necessary. For example, if the length of the FRP three-dimensional structure 10 is relatively long and a large moment or stress (for example, bending stress) is likely to be generated by an external force, a flexible structure may be adopted as appropriate. When the length of the body 10 is relatively short and the entire FRP three-dimensional structure 10 is desired to be a rigid body, a rigid contact structure may be employed as appropriate. In particular, when a flexible structure is adopted, it is possible to use a metal plate-like member, a bolt / nut, a pin, or the like for the connecting portion.

  At least three FRP three-dimensional structures 10 (in some cases, FRP three-dimensional units 1 that are constituent elements of the FRP three-dimensional structure 10) are connected so as to form a frame. Thus, for example, an FRP assembly structure 11 as shown in FIG. 2 can be configured. In the illustrated example, three FRP three-dimensional structures 10 are connected so as to form a triangular frame when viewed in plan, but the configuration of the FRP assembly structure is a frame when viewed from the side. It may be performed so as to form a frame body when viewed three-dimensionally. Moreover, in each connection part of the assembly structure 11 made from FRP as shown in FIG. 2, either rigid contact or soft contact is possible. If it is desired to have a rigid structure as much as possible even if it becomes large, it is sufficient to make a rigid contact as appropriate, and since it has become large, there is a structure that does not support large external forces and moments as a whole by releasing stress locally. If desired, it may be softened appropriately.

  By connecting a plurality of the FRP assembly structures 11 as described above, it is possible to configure an even larger FRP structure 12. The FRP assembly structure 11 can be connected, for example, in the XX direction, the YY direction, or both of these directions. In some cases, the FRP assembly structure 11 in a vertical posture is also added. It is also possible to connect three-dimensionally. For example, an FRP assembly structure as shown in FIG. 7 to be described later, or an FRP assembly structure similar to the FRP assembly structure, is used as a structural element, and they are arbitrarily combined in a planar or / and three-dimensional manner. To establish a desired large FRP construction. In the example shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of FRP assembly structures 11 are connected in the XX direction and the YY direction, and a huge large FRP structure 12 is configured in plan view. ing. Also in this case, each connection portion can be either rigid connection or soft connection. Similar to the above, at each connecting part, if it is desired to be a structure with a rigid structure as much as possible even if it becomes large, it may be rigidly connected as appropriate. When a large FRP structure having a structure that does not need to support a large external force or moment as a whole is desired, it may be softened appropriately.

  The large FRP structure 12 as described above (in some cases, the FRP assembly structure 11 that is a component of the large FRP structure 12) is, for example, a large marine structure, a large building, or a bridge. Can be deployed to the skeleton.

  3 and 4 exemplify a case in which a large marine structure 21 is configured by using FRP construction bodies 12 in which FRP construction structures 11 are connected in a plurality of XX directions and YY directions. Yes. In the illustrated example, a configuration example in which the FRP assembly structures 11 are connected in a plurality of X-X directions and Y-Y directions is shown. However, as described above, any three-dimensional connection and configuration can be made as necessary. Is also possible. In the example shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the large FRP construction body 12 is arranged in more detail, and each FRP assembly structure 11 is disposed at a position including the water surface 22 in the vertical direction. More specifically, a buoyancy body 23 that is entirely located in water is disposed on the lower side of each FRP three-dimensional structure 10 that constitutes the FRP assembly structure 11. Each buoyancy body 23 is formed in a sealed hollow body made of FRP in this example, and can generate a large buoyancy to keep the upper portion of the large FRP construction body 12 at a position on the water. In the illustrated example, each buoyancy body 23 is shown as having a single uniform thickness. However, if necessary (for example, depending on the load), the buoyancy bodies 23 have different or the same thickness. It may be configured in a divided format. In the illustrated example, each buoyancy body 23 is disposed directly below each FRP three-dimensional structure 10, but other configurations are possible. For example, adopting a configuration in which a buoyancy body is held in the lower part of each FRP three-dimensional structure 10 or each FRP assembly structure 11, or a configuration in which a member positioned below the buoyancy body is lifted, It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the configurations are arbitrarily combined. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to suppress the force received from the fluid.

  In the offshore structure 21 as described above, an FRP assembly structure 11 configured using an FRP three-dimensional unit in which a plurality of FRP rod-shaped members are three-dimensionally organized, or as shown in FIG. Since the large FRP structure 12 is disposed at a position including the water surface 22 in the vertical direction, a through opening is formed at the position including the water surface 22, and seawater passes substantially freely through this portion. As a result, it is basically not necessary to receive great power from seawater. As a result, the marine structure 21 can maintain a necessary form as the entire marine structure 21 even if there is a soft part, and the marine structure 21 is an extremely large marine structure 21. Can also be built. And by providing the buoyancy body 23 which is entirely located in water, it becomes possible to keep the upper surface position of the marine structure 21 at an appropriate height above the water surface 22 due to the large buoyancy. Therefore, it is possible to mount a considerable heavy object on the upper surface of the offshore structure 21 shown in FIG. 3 and to develop various applications.

  In FIG. 5, a large FRP structure 32 having a truss structure is configured by connecting a plurality of FRP assembly structures 31 having shapes different from those shown in FIG. 2 in one direction. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the A part and the B part of the large FRP structure 32 are configured by connecting the FRP three-dimensional units 1 as shown in FIG. 1 in one or more rows in one direction. it can. In this case, an FRP assembly structure can be configured using various types of FRP three-dimensional units, which will be exemplified with reference to FIG. 7 described later.

  The large FRP structure 32 as described above can also be configured to be extremely large or long, and can exhibit extremely high rigidity while being lightweight. Therefore, the large FRP structure 32 can be used to construct a large structure, for example, a frame structure of a roof of a large building, a skeleton of a floating bridge, a skeleton of a railway bridge, or a road bridge. is there.

  Further, the FRP three-dimensional unit, the FRP three-dimensional structure, the FRP assembly structure, and the large FRP structure in the present invention may take various forms and shapes in addition to the above-described structural examples. The FRP three-dimensional unit 1 described above is formed based on a rectangular frame, but may be formed based on another shape, particularly a triangular frame. For example, FIG. 7 illustrates an FRP assembly structure 42 (or an FRP three-dimensional structure) configured using an FRP three-dimensional unit 41 formed based on a triangular framework. By using the triangular three-dimensional unit 41 made of FRP, the FRP assembly structure 42 can be at least partially configured as a truss structure, and a structure having high rigidity can be constructed. Using such an FRP assembly structure 42, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, it is possible to configure a large roof skeleton 43 as a large FRP structure in a building as a structure. Reference numeral 44 denotes a surface layer material provided on the roof skeleton 43. Thus, even the large roof skeleton 43 can be constructed with light weight and high rigidity, and can be constructed by connecting the components of each part, so that construction can be facilitated. In addition, cost and man-hours can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 9, a large-scale bridge skeleton in which necessary portions are configured in a truss structure by appropriately combining a triangular FRP three-dimensional unit 51 and another shape FRP three-dimensional unit. 52 can be configured. Also in this case, even the large bridge skeleton 52 can be constructed with light weight and high rigidity, and can be constructed by connecting the components of each part, so that the construction can be facilitated. At the same time, cost and man-hours can be reduced. Since the construction cost is greatly reduced in this way, the application of the marine structure shown in FIG. 3 is also expanded, and various buildings 55, 56, 57 are installed on the marine structure 21 as shown in FIG. A large-scale floating building farm becomes possible.

  The marine structure 21 and the large FRP structures 32, 43, and 52 as described above can be constructed by sequentially joining those produced in units of FRP units of an appropriate size on site. . Since each unit is made of FRP and is lightweight, it can be joined very easily and inexpensively without using large or dedicated heavy machinery. Even if the final structure is large, In view of this, it is possible to achieve construction costs that are lower than conventional metal offshore structures. Since the main material of the offshore structure 21 and the large FRP structure 32 is FRP, the performance can be stably maintained for a long time, and the maintenance cost can be reduced.

  In addition to the marine structure 21 and the FRP structures 32, 43, and 52, the large structure according to the present invention includes a disaster prevention base, a floating bridge, a base for mounting various floating structures, Application to bases, various port facilities, offshore runways, etc. is possible.

  The present invention can be applied to various large-scale and large-scale structures and structures for which weight reduction, high mechanical properties, construction cost / equipment cost reduction, long life, and the like are desired.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 41, 51 FRP three-dimensional unit 2 Node part 3 FRP rod-shaped member 10 FRP three-dimensional structure 11, 42 FRP assembly structure 12 Large FRP structure 21 Marine structure 22 Water surface 23 Buoyant body 31 FRP Assembly structure 32 Large FRP structure 43 Roof skeleton 44 Surface material 52 Bridge skeleton 55, 56, 57 Building

Claims (7)

A plurality of FRP rod-shaped members are three-dimensionally organized through a joint formed by integral molding at a plurality of node portions, and the FRP rod-shaped members are rigidly connected to each other at all node portions to constitute a ramen structure , An FRP three-dimensional unit in which FRP reinforcing fibers continuously extend between FRP rod-shaped members or a plurality of FRP three-dimensional units connected to each other in at least a part of all nodes. However, at least three FRP assembly structures that are connected so as to form a frame body, or a large-scale FRP structure that is formed by connecting a plurality of FRP assembly structures, includes a water surface in the vertical direction. A buoyant body that is entirely located in water is disposed at least partly on the lower side of the FRP assembly structure or large FRP structure. Creation. The offshore structure according to claim 1 , wherein continuous fibers and discontinuous fibers coexist as reinforcing fibers of FRP in at least a part of all the node portions . The offshore structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein in the three-dimensional unit made of FRP, a surface body made of FRP is partially joined . The marine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein carbon fibers are used as reinforcing fibers of at least some of the FRP rod-shaped members . The marine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein at least a part of a connection portion between the three-dimensional units made of FRP is configured as a rigid frame structure by rigid contact between end portions of the three-dimensional units made of FRP. . The marine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein at least a part of a connection portion between the three-dimensional units made of FRP is configured in a non-ramen structure by soft contact between end portions of the three-dimensional units made of FRP. object. The buoyant body is configured using FRP, marine structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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