JP6239635B2 - 血管石灰化の誘導因子であるソルチリン1 - Google Patents
血管石灰化の誘導因子であるソルチリン1 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、米国特許法第119条(e)の下で、2012年11月2日に出願された米国仮出願第61/721,727号の恩典を主張し、その内容は、その全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
本開示は、概して心血管石灰化、例えば動脈および弁の微小石灰化を低下、阻害、治療、または予防するための方法および組成物に関する。
慢性腎疾患、II型糖尿病および脂質異常症などの慢性炎症障害の顕著な特徴である血管および弁の石灰化は、重大な罹患率および死亡率に関連する。臨床研究、組織学的研究、および動物研究から、血管石灰化における過程が、骨リモデリング過程に類似していることが示唆されている(Hyder JA et al, American Journal of Epidemiology, 2009; Lieberman M et al, Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 2008; Bucay N et al, Genes & Development, 1998; Khosla S et al, Nature Medicine, 2011(非特許文献1〜4))。血管石灰化は、血管平滑筋細胞(SMC)がそれらのマーカー遺伝子の発現を喪失し、骨形成マーカーを獲得し、ミネラル化骨様マトリックスを沈着しうる、能動的細胞調節過程である(Bostrom KI et al, Circulation Research, 2011(非特許文献5))。SMCは、骨芽細胞様状態に向けての移行を経て、または石灰化マトリックス小胞およびマイクロパーティクルを放出しながら、この過程において重要な役割を果たしうる。
本発明は部分的に、ソルチリン1が予想外にもリン酸依存的メカニズムを介する血管石灰化の誘導因子であるという本発明者らの発見に基づく。本発明者らは、とりわけ、ソルチリン1が高リン酸血症によりトリガーされる血管石灰化の新規な調節因子であることを発見した。本明細書において実証されるように、ソルチリン1は、SMCの骨形成表現型を促進し、石灰化環境においてマトリックス小胞の放出および石灰化能力を誘導しうる。理論に縛られることを望むわけではないが、ソルチリン1と結合パートナーとの結合を阻止することによってソルチリン1の機能を遮断することが、石灰化を阻害する。本明細書において提示されるデータは、外因性ソルチリン1が石灰化を増加させ、アテローム動脈硬化性マウスにおいて血清ソルチリン1レベルが上昇していることを示している。非限定的に、ソルチリン1介在性石灰化促進経路を妨害するために中和抗体を使用することができる。小分子およびRNAiも使用することができる。
一局面では、本明細書においてSMCの石灰化を低下、阻害、または予防する方法が提供される。概して本発明は、ソルチリン1を阻害することを含む。いくつかの態様では、該方法は、化合物をSMCと接触させる段階を含み、ここで、該化合物は、(i)SMC中のソルチリン1の活性もしくは量;(ii)SMC中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現;または(iii)セリン819もしくは/および825のリン酸化を低下、阻害、予防、または低減する。
(i)SMC中のソルチリン1の活性もしくは量;
(ii)SMC中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現;または
(iii)セリン819もしくは/および825のリン酸化
を低下、阻害、または低減する。
1.(i)血管平滑筋細胞もしくは弁間質細胞中のソルチリン1の活性もしくは量;
(ii)平滑筋細胞中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現;または
(iii)ソルチリン1のリン酸化
を阻害する化合物を平滑筋細胞と接触させる段階を含む、平滑筋細胞(SMC)の石灰化を阻害するための方法。
2.前記化合物が、有機または無機小分子;糖類;オリゴ糖;多糖;ペプチド;タンパク質;ペプチド類似体および誘導体;ペプチド模倣体;糖タンパク質、糖ペプチド;抗体およびその抗原結合フラグメント;核酸;核酸類似体および誘導体;細菌、植物、真菌、または動物細胞などの生物学的材料から調製された抽出物;動物組織;天然または合成組成物;ならびにそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目1記載の方法。
3.前記化合物が、siRNAまたは抗体である、項目1または2記載の方法。
4.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%阻害する、項目1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
5.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1の活性を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%阻害する、項目1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
6.前記化合物が、SMC中のソルチリン1の量を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低下させる、項目1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
7.前記化合物が、組織非特異的アルカリホスファターゼ活性(TNAP)を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低減する、項目1〜6のいずれかに記載の方法。
8.前記化合物が、リン酸調節エンドペプチダーゼ(PHEX)の発現を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%増加させる、項目1〜7のいずれかに記載の方法。
9.前記化合物が、マトリックスミネラル化を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低下させる、項目1〜8のいずれかに記載の方法。
10.前記化合物が、マイクロRNA 125bの発現レベルを対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%増加させる、項目1〜9のいずれかに記載の方法。
11.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1と非特異的アルカリホスファターゼ活性(TNAP)、カベオリン-1との結合を低下させる、項目1〜10のいずれかに記載の方法。
12.ソルチリン1をコードする核酸がmRNAである、項目1〜11のいずれかに記載の方法。
13.接触がインビトロである、項目1〜12のいずれかに記載の方法。
14.接触がインビボである、項目1〜13のいずれかに記載の方法。
15.接触が哺乳動物における、項目14記載の方法。
16.接触がヒトにおける、項目14または15記載の方法。
17.接触が、石灰化の阻害を必要とする対象における、項目14〜16のいずれかに記載の方法。
18.石灰化が心血管石灰化である、項目17記載の方法。
19.石灰化が、弁または動脈の石灰化である、項目17または18記載の方法。
20.前記対象が、重症腎不全を有するか、または経カテーテル大動脈弁植え込み術を受けているか、または慢性冠動脈硬化を有するか、または大動脈弁狭窄を有する、項目17〜19のいずれかに記載の方法。
21.前記対象が、慢性腎疾患、血液透析およびII型糖尿病、動静脈グラフト/シャント、動脈および静脈グラフト、組織工学による血管および弁移植片、パジェット病、関節リウマチ、骨粗鬆症、または変形性関節症を含む、ミネラル不均衡またはカルシウム/リン酸障害を有する、項目17〜20のいずれかに記載の方法。
22.対象における石灰化またはそれに起因する臨床的合併症を阻害するための方法であって、それを必要とする対象に治療有効量の化合物を投与する段階を含み、該化合物が、(i)SMC中のソルチリン1の活性、リン酸化、もしくは量;(ii)SMC中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現;または(iii)ソルチリン1のリン酸化を阻害する、方法。
23.前記化合物が、有機または無機小分子;糖類;オリゴ糖;多糖;ペプチド;タンパク質;ペプチド類似体および誘導体;ペプチド模倣体;糖タンパク質、糖ペプチド;抗体およびその抗原結合フラグメント;核酸;核酸類似体および誘導体;細菌、植物、真菌、または動物細胞などの生物学的材料から調製された抽出物;動物組織;天然または合成組成物;ならびにそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目22記載の方法。
24.前記化合物がsiRNAまたは抗体である、項目22または23記載の方法。
25.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%阻害する、項目22〜24のいずれかに記載の方法。
26.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1の活性を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%阻害する、項目22〜25のいずれかに記載の方法。
27.前記化合物が、SMC中のソルチリン1の量を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低下させる、項目22〜26のいずれかに記載の方法。
28.前記化合物が、組織非特異的アルカリホスファターゼ活性を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低減する、項目22〜27のいずれかに記載の方法。
29.前記化合物が、リン酸調節エンドペプチダーゼの発現を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%増加させる、項目22〜28のいずれか記載の方法。
30.前記化合物が、マトリックスミネラル化を対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%低下させる、項目22〜29のいずれかに記載の方法。
31.前記化合物が、マイクロRNA 125bの発現レベルを対照または参照レベルに比べて少なくとも10%増加させる、項目22〜30のいずれかに記載の方法。
32.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1と非特異的アルカリホスファターゼ活性(TNAP)、カベオリン-1との結合を低下させる、項目22〜31のいずれかに記載の方法。
33.ソルチリン1をコードする核酸がmRNAである、項目22〜32のいずれかに記載の方法。
34.投与が、移植、注射、注入、点滴、植え込み術、または経口摂取である、項目22〜33のいずれかに記載の方法。
35.治療有効量が、約1μg/kg〜約150mg/kg体重である、項目22〜34のいずれかに記載の方法。
36.投与が1日1回である、項目22〜35のいずれかに記載の方法。
37.前記対象が哺乳動物である、項目22〜36のいずれかに記載の方法。
38.石灰化が心血管石灰化である、項目22〜37のいずれかに記載の方法。
39.石灰化が、弁または動脈の石灰化である、項目22〜38のいずれかに記載の方法。
40.前記対象が、重症腎不全を有するか、または経カテーテル大動脈弁植え込み術を受けているか、または慢性冠動脈硬化を有するか、または大動脈弁狭窄を有する、項目22〜39のいずれかに記載の方法。
41.前記対象が、慢性腎疾患、血液透析およびII型糖尿病、動静脈グラフト/シャント、動脈および静脈グラフト、組織工学による血管および弁移植、パジェット病、関節リウマチ、骨粗鬆症、または変形性関節症を含む、ミネラル不均衡またはカルシウム/リン酸障害を有する、項目22〜40のいずれかに記載の方法。
42.臨床的合併症が、急性心筋梗塞、卒中などである、項目22〜41のいずれかに記載の方法。
43.前記対象が、参照レベルに比べて増加したレベルのソルチリンを有する、項目22〜42のいずれかに記載の方法。
44.前記対象由来の生物学的試料を、少なくとも1種の分析に供して生物学的試料中のソルチリン1のレベルを検出する段階;
試料中のソルチリン1のレベルを参照レベルと比較する段階;
試料中のレベルが参照レベルよりも高い場合、対象に石灰化または石灰化を発症するリスクがあると同定する段階;ならびに
石灰化を阻害もしくは低減するため、またはCRD、糖尿病、大動脈弁狭窄、およびいくつかの遺伝性障害(例えばゴーシェ病)などの血管石灰化に関連する状態を処置するための治療を施す段階
を含む方法。
45.治療が、(i)SMC中のソルチリン1の活性もしくは量;(ii)SMC中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現;または(iii)ソルチリン1のリン酸化を阻害する、項目44に記載の方法。
46.対象由来の生物学的試料を少なくとも1種の分析に供して生物学的試料中のソルチリン1のレベルを検出することを含む、対象における石灰化を決定するためのアッセイであって、参照レベルに比べて増加したレベルのソルチリン1が、対象が石灰化を有する、石灰化を発症するリスクを有する、慢性腎不全(CRD)を有する、またはCRDを発症するリスクを有することを示す、アッセイ。
47.少なくとも1種の分析が、ウエスタンブロット、酵素結合吸収アッセイ、質量分析、イムノアッセイ、フローサイトメトリー、免疫組織化学分析、プローブハイブリダイゼーション、プライマー伸長、増幅、配列決定、5'ヌクレアーゼ消化、分子ビーコンアッセイ、DNAチップ分析、オリゴヌクレオチド連結アッセイ、サイズ分析、一本鎖高次構造多型、ポリメラーゼ連鎖反応(PCR)、リアルタイム定量PCR、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目46記載のアッセイ。
48.ソルチリン1のレベルが、参照または対照レベルよりも少なくとも10%高い、項目46または47記載のアッセイ。
49.生物学的試料が血液試料である、項目46〜48のいずれかに記載のアッセイ。
50.対象から得られた単離された試料であって、上昇したレベルのソルチリン1を含むことが疑われる試料と、
ソルチリン1と反応させるための試薬との
組み合わせ。
51.単離された試料が血液試料である、項目50記載の組み合わせ。
52.前記試薬が、有機または無機小分子;糖類;オリゴ糖;多糖;ペプチド;タンパク質;ペプチド類似体および誘導体;ペプチド模倣体;糖タンパク質、糖ペプチド;抗体およびその抗原結合フラグメント;核酸;核酸類似体および誘導体;脂質;細菌、植物、真菌、または動物細胞などの生物学的材料から調製された抽出物;動物組織;天然または合成組成物;ならびにそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目50または51記載の組み合わせ。
53.前記試薬が、ソルチリン1が作用する基質、ソルチリン1と結合する分子、第2の分子へのソルチリンの結合を阻害する分子、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせである、項目50〜52のいずれかに記載の組み合わせ。
54.前記試薬が、単離された試料中の上昇したレベルのソルチリン1を検出するようにシグナルを発生するための標識をさらに含む、項目50〜53のいずれかに記載の組み合わせ。
55.標識が、放射性標識、発色団、蛍光体、化学発光前駆体、化学発光反応体、またはそれらの組み合わせのうち任意の1種または複数種である、項目54記載の組み合わせ。
56.上昇したレベルが、対照または参照レベルよりも少なくとも10%高い、項目50〜55のいずれかに記載の組み合わせ。
57.(c)対象から得られた単離された試料であって、上昇したレベルのソルチリン1を含むことが疑われる試料;および
(d)ソルチリン1と反応させるための試薬
を含むシステム。
58.単離された試料が血液試料である、項目57記載のシステム。
59.前記試薬が、有機または無機小分子;糖類;オリゴ糖;多糖;ペプチド;タンパク質;ペプチド類似体および誘導体;ペプチド模倣体;糖タンパク質、糖ペプチド;抗体およびその抗原結合フラグメント;核酸;核酸類似体および誘導体;脂質;細菌、植物、真菌、または動物細胞などの生物学的材料から調製された抽出物;動物組織;天然または合成組成物;ならびにそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群より選択される、項目57または58記載のシステム。
60.前記試薬が、ソルチリン1が作用する基質、ソルチリン1と結合する分子、第2の分子へのソルチリンの結合を阻害する分子、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせである、項目57〜59のいずれかに記載のシステム。
61.前記試薬が、単離された試料中の上昇したレベルのソルチリン1を検出するようにシグナルを発生するための標識をさらに含む、項目57〜60のいずれかに記載のシステム。
62.標識が、放射性標識、発色団、蛍光体、化学発光前駆体、化学発光反応体、またはそれらの組み合わせのうち任意の1種または複数種である、項目57〜61のいずれかに記載のシステム。
63.上昇したレベルが、対照または参照レベルよりも少なくとも10%高い、項目57〜62のいずれかに記載のシステム。
64.(a)対象から少なくとも1つの試験試料を受け取りかつ少なくとも1つの試験試料に少なくとも1種の分析を行って、ソルチリン1またはソルチリン1をコードする核酸のレベルまたは量を決定するように構成された、決定モジュール;
(b)決定モジュールからのデータ出力を記憶するように構成された、記憶デバイス;ならびに
(c)決定モジュールからのデータ出力に部分的に基づく内容を表示するための表示モジュールであって、該内容が、ソルチリン1の量またはレベルと、任意で石灰化またはCRDの存在または不在とを示すシグナルを含む、表示モジュール
を含む、少なくとも1つの対象から得られた少なくとも1つの試験試料からデータを得るためのコンピュータシステム。
65.コンピュータ上で方法を実行するためのソフトウェアモジュールを定義するためにコンピュータ読み取り可能な命令が記録された、コンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体であって、コンピュータ読み取り可能な記憶媒体が、
(a)記憶デバイス上に記憶されたデータを参照データと比較して比較結果を提供するための命令であって、該比較が、上昇したレベルのソルチリン1を同定する、命令;ならびに
(b)決定モジュールからのデータ出力に部分的に基づく内容を表示するための命令であって、該内容が、上昇したレベルのソルチリン1と、任意で石灰化またはCRDの存在または不在とを示すシグナルを含む、命令
を含む、コンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体。
66.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1のリン酸化を低下させる、項目1〜21のいずれかに記載の方法。
67.ソルチリン1のリン酸化が、セリン819および/または825のリン酸化である、項目1〜21または67のいずれかに記載の方法。
68.前記化合物が、ソルチリン1のリン酸化を低下させる、項目22〜43のいずれかに記載の方法。
69.ソルチリン1のリン酸化がセリン819および/または825のリン酸化である、項目22〜43または68のいずれかに記載の方法。
便宜上、本出願の明細書、実施例および添付の特許請求の範囲に用いられたいくつかの用語をここに集める。特に述べない限り、または文脈から暗に示されない限り、以下の用語および語句には、下記に示される意味が含まれる。特に明記しない限り、または文脈から明白でない限り、下記の用語および語句は、その用語または語句が属する技術分野において取得した意味を排除するものではない。本発明の範囲は特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定されるので、定義は、特定の態様の説明を助けるために提供されるのであって、請求された発明を限定するためのものではない。さらに、特に文脈によって必要とされない限り、単数の用語は、複数を含むものとし、複数の用語は単数を含むものとする。
血管石灰化は、重大な罹患率および死亡率に関連する、慢性腎疾患(CRD)、糖尿病およびアテローム動脈硬化などの慢性炎症障害の顕著な特徴である。多数の臨床研究(Hyder et al., American journal of epidemiology. 2009;169:186-194)、組織学的研究(Liberman et al., Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. 2008;28:463-470)、および動物研究(Bucay et al., Genes & development. 1998;12:1260-1268およびOkayasu et al., Okayasu et al. The Journal of biological chemistry. 2012;287:19229-19241)から、血管石灰化における過程が、骨リモデリング過程に類似していることが示唆されている(Khosla S. Nature medicine. 2011;17:430-431)。血管石灰化は、血管平滑筋細胞(SMC)がそれらのマーカー遺伝子の発現を喪失し、骨形成マーカーを獲得し、ミネラル化骨様マトリックスを沈着するおそれのある、能動的細胞調節過程である(Bostrom KI, Rajamannan NM, and Towler DA, Circulation research. 2011;109:564-577)。SMCは、骨芽細胞様状態に向けての移行、または石灰化マトリックス小胞もしくはアポトーシス小体の放出を経て、この過程に重要な役割を果たしうる。しかし、石灰化のメカニズムは、大部分が未知のままである。したがって、血管石灰化の分子メカニズムのより十分な理解は、より効率的な治療戦略の開発に繋がりうる。
細胞培養:ヒト冠動脈平滑筋細胞(HCASMC)は、Promocell(Heidelberg, Germany)から購入し、上皮成長因子(0.5ng/ml)、インスリン(5μg/ml)、塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子B(2ng/ml)およびウシ胎児血清(5%)を補充した平滑筋細胞成長培地2(SMC-GM2, Promocell)中で生育させた。細胞を37℃(5% CO2、湿度90%)で維持し、3回から8回の継代の間に使用した。3〜4人の独立したドナーから単離された細胞を使用した。
ソルチリン1は、ヒト石灰化病変中に発現され、ヒト血管SMCの骨形成移行中に誘導される。石灰化ヒト頸動脈血管内膜摘除試料の染色から、石灰化領域中のソルチリン1の高発現が示された(図1A)。これらの領域中の細胞は、弱い平滑筋α-アクチン(αSMA)染色を示し、マクロファージマーカーCD68について陰性であった(図1A)。骨形成中にSMCマーカー遺伝子が失われるので、骨形成移行のマーカーであるRunx2/Cbfa1について切片を染色した。実際、ヒト石灰化病変において、ソルチリン1は、活性化した核局在Runx2と共に細胞中に高発現した(図1B)。
スペクトル計数の比(石灰化/対照)。NM;対照SMCにおいてソルチリン1と独特に結合、OM;石灰化SMCにおいてソルチリン1と独特に結合、-;検出されず。
のリン酸化の増加を観察した。S825A、S825D、S819A、S819Dの突然変異およびC末端アミノ酸6個の欠失を配列決定によって確認した。構築物の機能性をウエスタンブロットによって確認した。目標は、C末端セリンリン酸化部位の機能的重要性を確認することであった。
Claims (24)
- 平滑筋細胞への接触用の平滑筋細胞(SMC)の石灰化を阻害するための医薬の製造における化合物の使用であって、該化合物が核酸であり、かつ平滑筋細胞中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現を阻害する、使用。
- 前記化合物が、siRNAである、請求項1記載の使用。
- ソルチリン1をコードする核酸がmRNAである、請求項1記載の使用。
- 化合物を、平滑筋細胞(SMC)とインビトロで接触させる段階を含む、平滑筋細胞の石灰化を阻害するための方法であって、該化合物が核酸であり、かつ平滑筋細胞中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現を阻害する、方法。
- 接触がインビボである、請求項1記載の使用。
- 接触が哺乳動物における、請求項5記載の使用。
- 接触がヒトにおける、請求項5記載の使用。
- 接触が、石灰化の阻害を必要とする対象における、請求項5記載の使用。
- 石灰化が心血管石灰化である、請求項8記載の使用。
- 石灰化が、弁または動脈の石灰化である、請求項8記載の使用。
- 前記対象が、重症腎不全を有するか、または経カテーテル大動脈弁植え込み術を受けているか、または慢性冠動脈硬化を有するか、または大動脈弁狭窄を有する、請求項8記載の使用。
- 前記対象が、慢性腎疾患、血液透析およびII型糖尿病、動静脈グラフト/シャント、動脈および静脈グラフト、組織工学による血管および弁移植片、パジェット病、関節リウマチ、骨粗鬆症、または変形性関節症を含む、ミネラル不均衡またはカルシウム/リン酸障害を有する、請求項8記載の使用。
- 石灰化またはそれに起因する臨床的合併症の阻害を必要とする対象への投与用の、該対象における石灰化またはそれに起因する臨床的合併症を阻害するための医薬の製造における、治療有効量の化合物の使用であって、該化合物が核酸であり、かつSMC中のソルチリン1をコードする核酸の発現を阻害する、使用。
- 前記化合物がsiRNAである、請求項13記載の使用。
- ソルチリン1をコードする核酸がmRNAである、請求項13記載の使用。
- 投与が、移植、注射、注入、点滴、植え込み術、または経口摂取である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 治療有効量が、約1μg/kg〜約150mg/kg体重である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 投与が1日1回である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 前記対象が哺乳動物である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 石灰化が心血管石灰化である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 石灰化が、弁または動脈の石灰化である、請求項13記載の使用。
- 前記対象が、重症腎不全を有するか、または経カテーテル大動脈弁植え込み術を受けているか、または慢性冠動脈硬化を有するか、または大動脈弁狭窄を有する、請求項13記載の使用。
- 前記対象が、慢性腎疾患、血液透析およびII型糖尿病、動静脈グラフト/シャント、動脈および静脈グラフト、組織工学による血管および弁移植、パジェット病、関節リウマチ、骨粗鬆症、または変形性関節症を含む、ミネラル不均衡またはカルシウム/リン酸障害を有する、請求項13記載の使用。
- 臨床的合併症が、急性心筋梗塞、卒中などである、請求項13記載の使用。
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PCT/US2013/067969 WO2014071131A1 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2013-11-01 | Sortilin 1 is a novel inducer of vascular calcification |
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EP3162156B1 (en) | 2014-06-27 | 2020-04-22 | Techflux Inc. | Method and device for transmitting data unit |
WO2016164608A1 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Alector Llc | Methods of screening for sortilin binding antagonists |
WO2016164637A1 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-13 | Alector Llc | Anti-sortilin antibodies and methods of use thereof |
GB201512215D0 (en) | 2015-07-13 | 2015-08-19 | Lundbeck & Co As H | Agents,uses and methods |
JP6632116B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-20 | 2020-01-15 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 破骨細胞形成および/または機能抑制剤、破骨細胞形成および/または機能促進剤並びに破骨細胞形成および/または機能を抑制または促進する薬剤のスクリーニング法 |
US10894833B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2021-01-19 | H. Lundbeck A/S | Agents, uses and methods for treatment |
SI3618928T1 (sl) | 2018-07-13 | 2023-04-28 | Alector Llc | Protitelesa proti sortilinu in postopki za uporabo le-teh |
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US6551990B2 (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-04-22 | University Of Washington | Methods of inhibiting ectopic calcification |
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JP2007530029A (ja) | 2004-03-26 | 2007-11-01 | クアーク・ファーマスーティカルス、インコーポレイテッド | アネキシンii及びその使用 |
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