JP6228704B1 - Wood binding pin - Google Patents

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] To reduce the influence of differences in strength of wood, variation in construction, load on joints after construction, etc., and to maximize the strength of wood, so that high strength joints by tenons and mortises It is possible to provide a wood bonded structure that can be realized inexpensively and easily without impairing the aesthetics and with high workability. In a wood coupling structure, at least one of the mortises 8 is driven by driving a head 12b of a pin 12 from one opening side of the pin holes 10a to 10c in a state where the mortise 6 is fitted in the mortise 8. The pin 12 penetrates at least a part of the tenon 6 at the portion, and the tip 12a of the pin 12 is brought to the other opening side of the pin holes 10a to 10c to form pin couplings 14a to 14c. The circumferential surface 12d formed between the portion 12a and the head portion 12b has a circumferential groove 30 that reduces the effective sectional diameter of the pin 12. [Selection] Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to a wood coupling pin, and more particularly, to a wood coupling pin used for a wood coupling structure such as a pillar and a base of a wooden building or a pillar and a beam.

  Since ancient times, Japanese wooden buildings have been built with the wooden frame construction method (conventional construction method), and have been pursuing both strength and beauty by skillfully utilizing the power of wood. On the other hand, modern wooden buildings use a lot of hardware for joints due to reasons such as rationalization, shortening the construction period, and shortage of craftsmen. For example, the tenon provided on the end surface of the pillar is fitted into the tenon provided in the base at the joint between the pillar and the base, and the joint between the pillar and the base is reinforced with an assembly plate such as a corner hardware. Has become common (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP2015-96677A

  However, in the conventional wood coupling structure using the assembly plate, it is necessary to drive a large number of screws, nails, and the like into the wood in order to attach the assembly plate to the pillar and the base. For this reason, construction takes time, work is not easy, and there is a risk of deteriorating the beauty of the building. Moreover, the loss | deletion of wood becomes large and there exists a possibility that the intensity | strength may also fall. In addition, in the panel method or the like, the assembly plate may become an obstacle when the panel is attached.

  Furthermore, since it is necessary to drive a large number of screws, nails, and the like into the wood in the connecting portion using the conventional assembly plate, there is a concern that the operator may forget to drive it. In this case, the yield strength of the building may be reduced. In addition, if construction sites such as screws and nails are not considered at the construction site, cracks will occur in the wood due to the shearing force generated on the pillars and foundations. It is promoted and the strength of the building may be significantly reduced.

  Therefore, in order to attach the assembly plate to the pillar and base, instead of driving a large number of screws and nails into the wood, instead of using a large number of screws and nails, a plurality of pins having a diameter larger than these are used. It is conceivable to form a joint portion by a tenon and a mortise using the strength of wood. However, because the strength of the wood itself is used to form the joint, the pin promotes unintended cracking of the wood due to differences in the strength of the wood, variation in construction, load on the joint after construction, etc. There is a risk of damaging the strength of the part.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the effects of differences in strength of wood, variation in construction, load on the joint after construction, etc. Providing a wood bonding pin that can realize high strength joints by mortises and mortises at low cost, easily, without losing aesthetics and with high workability by drawing out the strength that it has to the maximum There is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, the wood coupling pin of the present invention directly connects the tenon provided on the end face of the first wood to the tenon provided in the second wood in the mating regions facing each other. A wood coupling pin for use in a wood joining structure for fitting and joining the first and second woods, wherein the second wood extends through at least a part of the mortise. has been pin holes drilled in the arrangement direction, the coupling structure is in a state of fitting the tenon to the mortise, see write out a pin driven into the pin hole, the pin of the head from one opening side of the pin hole, By causing the pin to directly bite into the tenon through the pin hole , the pin penetrates at least a part of the tenon in at least a part of the tenon hole, and the tip of the pin reaches the other opening side of the pin hole. By pinching, a pin connection is formed, and the pin is connected between the tip and the head. The circumferential surface formed on, has a circumferential groove to reduce the effective cross-sectional diameter of the pin.

Preferably, the circumferential groove is formed of a screw portion formed at a predetermined pitch on the circumferential surface.
Preferably, the circumferential groove includes a plurality of annular grooves formed on the circumferential surface at a predetermined pitch.
Preferably, the circumferential groove includes a plurality of serration grooves extending from the tip portion to the head and formed at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface.
Preferably, the tip portion has an acute cone shape.
Preferably, the head has a fitting hole on its end surface.

  According to the wood bonding pin of the present invention, the tenon can be obtained by reducing the influence of the difference in the strength of the wood, the variation in the construction, the load on the joint after the construction, etc., and maximizing the strength of the wood. In addition, it is possible to realize a high yield strength joint portion by mortises at low cost and easily without impairing the aesthetics and with high workability.

1 is a perspective view of a wood joining structure in which a wood joining pin according to a first embodiment of the present invention is used. It is a disassembled perspective view of the coupling | bond part of FIG. It is a side view of the coupling | bond part of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the coupling portion in FIG. 3. It is the (a) side view of the pin for wood connection which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) The figure seen from the front-end | tip part, (c) The figure seen from the head, (d) The enlarged view of the side. . It is the figure which showed schematically the force which acts on the coupling | bond part shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed roughly the force which acts on a connection part when the extraction force acts on a pillar from the state of FIG. It is the figure which expanded and showed the component force of the pressing force which acts on the main pin coupling | bonding of FIG. It is the (a) side view of the pin for wood connection which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The figure seen from the front-end | tip part, (c) The figure seen from the head, (d) The enlarged view of the side. . It is the (a) side view of the pin for wood connection which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The figure seen from the front-end | tip part, (c) The figure seen from the head, (d) It is an enlarged view of a cross section. . In 4th Embodiment of this invention, it is the figure which showed schematically the force which acts on a coupling part when extraction force acts on a pillar. In another modification of 4th Embodiment of this invention, it is the figure which showed schematically the force which acts on a coupling part when extraction force acts on a pillar. It is a side view of the coupling | bond part of the pillar and foundation to which the coupling | bonding structure of the wood which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention is applied. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B of the coupling portion in FIG. 13. It is the figure which showed schematically the force which acts on the coupling part shown in FIG. It is the figure which showed roughly the force which acts on a coupling part when the drawing-out force acts on a pillar from the state of FIG. It is the figure which expanded and showed the component of the pressing force which acts by the main pin coupling | bonding of FIG. In 6th Embodiment of this invention, it is the figure which showed schematically the force which acts on a coupling part when extraction force acts on a pillar. It is the figure which showed roughly the force which acts on a joint part when extraction force acts on a pillar in the joint part of a pillar and a foundation to which the joint structure of wood concerning a 7th embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wood joining structure in which a wood joining pin according to a first embodiment of the present invention is used. The joining portion 1 in this wood joining structure is formed by a pillar (first wood) 2 and a base (second wood) 4. Specifically, this wood connection structure is constructed by, for example, a wooden frame construction method (conventional construction method) of a building, and a tenon 6 is provided on the end face 2a as the mouth of the pillar 2, and the tenon 6 is provided on the base 4. It is fitted in the mortise 8.

  The pillar 2 and the base 4 are square members whose end dimensions are, for example, 105 mm in length and width. The base 4 has postures in the longitudinal direction (facing direction of the fitting region) X, the height direction Y as the extending direction of the mortise 8 and the width direction (extending direction of the fitting region) Z shown in FIG. And have side surfaces 4 c and 4 d that face the width direction Z of the base 4 through the mortise 8. The mortise 6 and the mortise 8 are formed by pre-cutting the pillar 2 and the base 4 at a sawmill.

  FIG. 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the connecting portion 1. The tenon 6 is a so-called flat tenon formed as a rectangular parallelepiped fitting convex portion at the center of the end surface 2a of the column 2, and is opposed to the lower surface 6a, the side surfaces 6b and 6c facing the longitudinal direction X, and the width direction Z. Side surfaces 6d and 6e. On the other hand, the mortise 8 is a bottomed square hole that is opened in the upper surface 4 a of the base 4 and is not penetrated into the lower surface 4 b of the base 4. The mortise 8 has a bottom surface 8a, side walls 8b and 8c facing the longitudinal direction X, and side walls 8d and 8e facing the width direction Z.

  The mortise 8 is formed as a fitting recess in which the faces 6a to 6e of the opposing mortise 6 come into contact with the walls 8a to 8e and can be fitted. Further, the dimensions of the tenon 6 and the tenon 8 in the longitudinal direction X, the height direction Y, and the width direction Z are, for example, about 70 mm, 80 mm, and 30 mm, respectively.

  Three pin holes 10 a, 10 b, 10 c are opened on both side surfaces 4 c, 4 d facing the width direction Z of the base 4. A pin 12 described later is driven into each of the pin holes 10a to 10c. Details of the pin 12 will be described later. Each pin hole 10a-10c forms the insertion hole (hole length 105mm) of the pin 12 consistently via the mortise 8 in the width direction Z of the base 4. As shown in FIG.

  In forming the coupling portion 1, first, as shown by a one-dot chain line arrow in FIG. 2, the column 2 is erected on the base 4, and the tenon 6 is fitted into the tenon 8. Next, with the mortise 6 fitted in the mortise 8, the pin 12 is hammered from the side surface 4c side of the base 4 where one of the pin holes 10a and 10b is opened as shown by a two-dot chain line arrow in FIG. Strike and hit with etc.

  By driving these pins 12, as shown in FIG. 1, each pin 12 passes through the mortise 6 in the mortise 8, and three pin couplings 14 a, 14 b, and 14 c are formed in the mortise 6 and the mortise 8. Each pin hole 10 a to 10 c functions as a guide hole for driving each pin 12 into a proper place of the tenon 6 and penetrating the proper place of the tenon 6. Thereby, in the coupling part 1, each pin coupling 14a-14c can be formed in a desired position.

  FIG. 3 shows a side view of the coupling portion 1, and FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the coupling portion 1 taken along the line AA in FIG. 3. Each of the pin holes 10a to 10c has a circular cross section having an equal hole diameter d (for example, d = 10 mm), and, similarly to the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8, the base 4 is precut at the sawmill. It is formed. In the case of the present embodiment, the pin holes 10 a and 10 b are positioned in the vicinity of both side surfaces 6 b and 6 c of the tenon 6 and are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction X.

  The precut processing of the wood including the pin holes 10a to 10c is performed at a lumber mill by a precut processing machine that can automatically execute the wood processing step by computer control. The precut processing machine can register programs such as processing dimensions and processing modes in advance, and automatically processes wood based on the registered programs. Specifically, the pre-cut processing machine includes a drill, and when the base 4 is processed, first, the mortise 8 is formed in the upper surface 4a of the base 4 by the drill.

  Next, the drill is advanced in the width direction Z from the side surface 4 c of the base 4 until it penetrates the side wall 8 d of the mortise 8, and one end portions of the pin holes 10 a to 10 c are drilled on the side surface 4 c side of the base 4. Next, the drill is advanced in the width direction Z from the side surface 4d of the base 4 until it penetrates the side wall 8e of the mortise 8, and the other ends of the pin holes 10a to 10c are drilled on the side surface 4d side of the base 4. Thereby, pin holes 10a to 10c that are formed in a circular shape on both side surfaces 4c and 4d of the base 4 are formed through the mortise 8 in the width direction Z.

  The centers of the pin holes 10 a and 10 b are positioned with a distance L (for example, L = 35 mm) from the upper surface 4 a of the base 4. On the other hand, the pin hole 10 c is positioned between the pin holes 10 a and 10 b in the longitudinal direction X of the base 4. Further, the pin hole 10c is located at a position shifted from the pin holes 10a and 10b in the extending direction of the mortise 8 in the base 4, that is, in the height direction Y, in the height direction Y in this embodiment, the pin hole 10a. 10b.

  Pin couplings 14a to 14c for coupling the tenon 6 to the base 4 are formed by driving the pins 12 into the pin holes 10a to 10c thus formed, respectively. The coupling portion 1 includes a mortise 6 fitted into the mortise 8 and pin couplings 14a to 14c. The pin couplings 14a and 14b are positioned in the vicinity of both side surfaces 6b and 6c of the tenon 6 and function as main pin couplings 16A arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction X.

  Although these main pin couplings 16A will be described in detail later, the main coupling functions of the coupling part 1 are exhibited. In the case of the present embodiment, each main pin coupling 16 </ b> A is provided at a position spaced apart from both side surfaces 6 b and 6 c of the tenon 6 in the longitudinal direction X of the base 4. These separation distances D1 are preferably defined to be not more than twice the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c, more preferably not more than the hole diameter d (for example, D1 = 5 mm).

  On the other hand, the pin coupling 14 c functions as an auxiliary pin coupling 18 positioned between the pin couplings 14 a and 14 b in the longitudinal direction X of the base 4. The auxiliary pin coupling 18 is provided at a position shifted from the pin couplings 14a and 14b in the height direction Y, in the case of this embodiment, below the main pin coupling 16A in the height direction Y. Although explained in full detail, the auxiliary | assistant coupling | bonding function of the coupling | bond part 1 is exhibited.

  The auxiliary pin coupling 18 and each main pin coupling 16A are separated by an equal separation distance D2. That is, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is positioned in the middle of each main pin coupling 16A. Further, the distance D3 in the height direction Y between the main pin coupling 16A and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is, for example, not more than twice the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c (for example, D3 = 15 mm).

  Thus, each main pin coupling 16A and auxiliary pin coupling 18 are pinned in the mortise 8 by driving the pin 12 from one of the pin holes 10a to 10c with the mortise 6 fitted in the mortise 8. 12 is formed by penetrating tenon 6 and reaching pin 12 to the other of pin holes 10a to 10c.

  5A is a side view of the pin 12, FIG. 5B is a view seen from the tip 12a, FIG. 5C is a view seen from the head 12b, and FIG. 5D is an enlarged view of the side. The tip 12a of the pin 12 has an acute cone shape, and has a pointed tip 12c of 45 ° or less, preferably 30 ° to 45 °, more preferably about 40 ° at the tip. By inserting the pin 12 into one of the pin holes 10a to 10c, hitting the head 12b of the pin 12 with a hammer or the like and driving it into the tenon 6, the pin 12 can be bitten into the tenon 6 and the tenon 6 can be penetrated. it can.

On the other hand, the end surface 12b1 of the head 12b of the pin 12 is a flat surface. The pin 21 is preferably made of a metal such as iron, but may be formed of a high-strength plastic such as polycarbonate as long as it can be driven into the tenon 6.
Here, in the pin 12, a circumferential groove 30 is formed in a circumferential surface 12d formed between the tip portion 12a and the head portion 12b.

  As shown in FIG. 5D, the circumferential groove 30 of the present embodiment is formed as a threaded portion 32 formed at a predetermined pitch. In the threaded portion 32, a crest portion 32a and a trough portion 32b that are alternately continuous at a predetermined pitch are formed in a spiral shape in the axial direction of the pin 12, and the wood bites into the trough portion 32b when the coupling portion 1 is formed. As shown in FIG. 5D, the pin 12 has an effective cross-sectional diameter D substantially reduced.

A square hole (fitting hole) 34 is formed in the end surface 12b1 of the head 12b. After the pin 12 is driven into the tenon 6, a wrench (not shown) is fitted into the square hole 34 and is rotated, so that the screw portion 32 can be further bite into the tenon 6.
The pin 12 has a pin diameter d1, a total length L1, a tip end length L2, and a head diameter d1. The dimensions d1, L1, and L2 are, for example, 10 mm, 103 mm, and 15 mm, respectively. Note that the dimensions of the pin 12 can be changed as appropriate, and the pin diameter d1 may be 9.9 mm, for example, which is slightly smaller than 10 mm of the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c.

  By setting the pin diameter d1 to be 9.9 mm, which is slightly smaller than 10 mm of the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c, the pin 12 and the pin holes 10a to 10c are fitted with an intermediate fit with a small gap between them. Get along. By forming the pin 12 with such dimensions, the restraining force of the pin 12 on the tenon 6 can be increased, so that a strong coupling portion 1 can be realized, and the pin 12 on the tenon 6 can be realized. The crack of the base 4 at the time of driving in can be effectively suppressed.

  Further, by setting the total length L1 of the pin 12 to 103 mm which is smaller than 105 mm which is the length in the width direction Z of the base 4, the head 12 b is one side surface of both side surfaces 4 c and 4 d of the base 4 (in FIG. 4). As a result of the driving of the pin 12 until it is substantially flush with the side surface 4c), the tip end portion 12a extends from the pin holes 10a to 10c to the other side surface of the side surfaces 4c and 4d (side surface 4d in FIG. 4). Non-protruding outward. Thereby, only the openings of the pin holes 10a to 10c are visually recognized from the side surface 4d of the base 4.

  On the other hand, only the openings of the pin holes 10 a to 10 c and the head 12 b of the pin 12 are visible from the side surface 4 c of the base 4. The head diameter d2 of the pin 12 is 10.5 mm, which is slightly larger than 10 mm of the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c. For this reason, the pin 12 is fitted in the head 12b by an interference fit with no gap between the pin holes 10a to 10c.

  Furthermore, it is not certain that the pin 12 is driven from the side surface 4c of the base 4 in combination with the head 12b being substantially flush with the side surface 4c of the base 4. At first glance, only the head 12b of the pin 12 is visible. Thereby, the appearance of the connection structure of the pillar 2 and the base 4 is not spoiled by formation of the connection part 1.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the force acting on the coupling portion 1 shown in FIG. In the main pin coupling 16 </ b> A and the auxiliary pin coupling 18, each pin 12 is driven into the tenon 6 so that each pin 12 penetrates the tenon 6 while being partially divided. At this time, a force that pushes the wood away from each pin 12 in four directions including the longitudinal direction X and the height direction Y is generated on the wood constituting the tenon 6 as indicated by arrows in FIG.

  For this reason, the tenon 6 tries to expand in four directions including the longitudinal direction X and the height direction Y by the volume of the pin 12 penetrating the tenon 6. However, the expansion displacements in the four directions other than the longitudinal direction X of the tenon 6 in each main pin coupling 16A are almost all absorbed by the collapse of the voids of the wood itself in the process of being transmitted to the inside of the wood of the tenon 6. The On the other hand, the expansion of the tenon 6 in the longitudinal direction X is converted into a pressing force F0 indicated by a solid line arrow in FIG.

  Specifically, the pressing force F0 is a force by which the both side surfaces 6b and 6c of the tenon 6 press the both side walls 8b and 8c of the tenon hole 8, respectively, and the tenon 6 expands in the longitudinal direction X by forming each main pin coupling 16A. It is generated by doing. Each main pin coupling 16A is positioned in the vicinity of both side surfaces 6b and 6c of the tenon 6 and preferably at a separation distance D1 which is not more than the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c, and the tenon 6 is fitted in the tenon hole 8. Restrained in the longitudinal direction X. For this reason, the expansion in the longitudinal direction X of the tenon 6 by each main pin coupling 16 </ b> A is efficiently transmitted as the pressing force F <b> 0 to both side walls 8 b and 8 c of the tenon hole 8.

  In other words, the tightening margin (fitting) of the tenon 6 to the tenon hole 8 near the both side surfaces 6b, 6c of the tenon 6 due to an increase in the compressive force of the wood near the both side surfaces 6b, 6c of the tenon 6 due to the driving of the pin 12. Is formed over the entire region in the width direction Z. Further, since the tenon 6 is restrained by the tenon hole 8, the tenon 6 is not substantially expanded even if the pressing force F0 is generated.

  For this reason, the displacement in the longitudinal direction X of the both side surfaces 6b, 6c of the tenon 6 and thus the both side walls 8b, 8c of the tenon hole 8 is very small, and the tenon 6 and the base 4 are cracked due to the formation of each main pin coupling 16A. Effectively suppressed. Thus, the pressing force F0 generated with the formation of each main pin coupling 16A increases the fitting force (restraint force) of the tenon 6 with respect to the mortise 8 in the coupling portion 1, and each main pin coupling 16A becomes a coupling portion. The main binding function of 1 is exhibited.

  On the other hand, the expansion displacement of the auxiliary pin coupling 18 in the four directions of the tenon 6 is almost entirely absorbed by the collapse of the voids of the wood itself in the process of being transmitted into the wood of the tenon 6. However, in the auxiliary pin coupling 18, the shear force of the pin 12 acts on the tenon 6 as the pin 12 is driven into the tenon 6. The auxiliary pin coupling 18 exhibits an auxiliary coupling function of the coupling portion 1 by the action of the shearing force.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the force acting on the coupling portion 1 when the pulling force f acts on the column 2 from the state of FIG. 6. When an upward pulling force f is applied to the column 2, the pressing force F0 of each main pin coupling 16A shown in FIG. 6 changes in the force vector from the tenon 6 toward the diagonally lower outer side as seen in FIG. The pressing force F1.

  FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing the component force of the pressing force F1 acting on the main pin coupling 16A of FIG. In the main pin coupling 16A, with the action of the pulling force f on the column 2, the tenon 6 is slightly cracked, and the expansion displacement of the tenon 6 in the longitudinal direction X further increases from the initial state of FIG. However, the mortise 6 is fitted in the mortise 8 and is still restrained in the longitudinal direction X. For this reason, the increase in the expansion displacement of the tenon 6 further increases the compression ratio of the compression region 20 of the wood itself shown in a mesh shape between the pin 12 and the side surface 6b of the tenon 6 as compared with the initial state of FIG.

  As a result, the pressing force f1 in the longitudinal direction X acts on the side wall 8b of the mortise 8 from the side surface 6b of the mortise 6. This pressing force f1 is a force larger than the pressing force F0 in the initial state of FIG. 6 because the compression rate of the compression region 20 has increased. Further, when the pulling force f acts on the column 2, the tenon 6 tries to move upward with respect to the mortise 8 as indicated by a broken line arrow. However, due to the generation of the pulling force f, the tenon cracks are slightly advanced as described above, so that the tenon 6 is further expanded in the longitudinal direction X.

  For this reason, the side surface 6b of the tenon 6 is in closer contact with the side wall 8b of the tenon 8 as compared with the case of FIG. As a result, a dynamic frictional force f2 is generated on the side surface 6b of the tenon 6 in the downward direction that is the opposite direction of the pulling force f. In this way, the pressing force F1 acting on the main pin coupling 16A when the pulling force f is generated is formed by the resultant force of the pressing force f1 and the frictional force f2, and the tenon 6 causes the mortise 8 to move diagonally downward and outward by this pressing force F1. Press on.

  The base 4 is easily cracked in the longitudinal direction X, but the vector of the pressing force F1 generated by the main pin coupling 16A with the generation of the frictional force f2 is deflected obliquely downward and outward, whereby the longitudinal direction X of the base 4 Can be effectively suppressed. In addition, as described above, the distance L from the center of the pin holes 10a, 10b to the upper surface 4a of the base 4 is ensured to be as long as about 35 mm, so that the tenon 6 is restrained by the weight of the pillar 2 itself. Together, the propagation of cracks in the height direction Y of the tenon 6 associated with the formation of each main pin coupling 16A is effectively suppressed by absorbing the displacement of the wood itself.

  Further, the main pin coupling 16A and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 have a separation distance D3 in the height direction Y of the base 4 of about 15 mm, which is not more than twice the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c. It is possible to effectively suppress the propagation of the cracks of the tenon 6 due to the formation of the coupling 16A and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 while canceling each other.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the pin 12 having the circumferential groove 30 formed of the screw portion 32 on the circumferential surface 12d is driven into the tenon 6 to form the coupling portion 1. Here, when forming the joint portion 1, due to the use of the strength of the wood itself, there are not a few differences in the strength of the wood, variations in construction, loads on the joint portion 1 after construction, and the like. However, since the coupling portion 1 is formed by the pin 12 having the screw portion 32, the pin 12 has the reduced effective cross-sectional diameter D. In other words, the pin diameter of the pin 12 is partially at the valley portion 32b. Since it can reduce, the flexibility of the range which does not impair the yield strength of the connection part 1 to the pin 12 can be provided.

  As a result, after the formation of the connecting portion 1, the difference in the strength of the wood to be the pillar 2 and the base 4, the variation in construction, the load on the connecting portion 1 after the construction is absorbed by the bending of the pin 12, and these effects Can be reduced. Therefore, it can suppress effectively that the yield strength of the coupling | bond part 1 falls by the crack which the wood does not intend.

  In addition, since the pin 12 having the threaded portion 32 is used, the pin 12 can be effectively digged into the wood by the threaded portion 32 when the coupling portion 1 is formed. Can be formed. Further, after the pin 12 is driven into the tenon 6, a wrench is fitted into the square hole 34 and rotated, and the screw portion 32 is further digged into the tenon 6 to form the joint portion 1 with higher proof strength. It is also possible.

  Further, each main pin coupling 16A is provided in the vicinity of both side surfaces 6b, 6c of the tenon 6, that is, in the vicinity of each fitting region between both side surfaces 6b, 6c of the tenon 6 and both side walls 8b, 8c of the tenon hole 8. As a result, the strength of the wood can be maximized, and the high-strength joint 1 by the mortise 6 and the mortise 8 can be realized inexpensively and easily without impairing the aesthetics and with high workability. Can do. Specifically, it is possible to form the coupling portion 1 in which the overall fitting force of the tenon 6 with respect to the tenon 8 is increased by the pressing force F1 using the compression force of wood.

  Moreover, the pillar 2 which pre-processed the mortise 6 and the base 4 which pre-processed the mortise 8 and the pin holes 10a to 10c are prepared, and the pins 12 are respectively inserted into the pre-processed pin holes 10a to 10c at the construction site. The connecting portion 1 can be formed by a simple operation by simply driving. For this reason, it is not necessary to drive a large number of screws and nails into the wood in order to attach hardware such as assembly plates to the pillars and foundations, so that the construction time can be shortened and the assembly plates can be an obstacle. Absent. Moreover, the loss of wood can be suppressed as much as possible without impairing the beauty of the building, and the strength reduction of the wood can be suppressed.

  Furthermore, since it is necessary to drive a large number of screws, nails, and the like into the wood in the connecting portion using the conventional assembly plate, there is a concern that the operator may forget to drive the screws. However, in this embodiment, such a concern is wiped out, and the strength of the building can be improved while ensuring the strength and quality of the joint 1 uniformly without depending on the skill level of the worker. Moreover, since it is not necessary to consider the places where screws or nails are driven at the site during construction, it is possible to prevent the wood from being cracked by the shearing force generated in the pillar 2 or the base 4. Even when the pulling force f is generated in the pillar 2 due to an earthquake or the like, the pulling force f1 using the compressive force and frictional force of the wood is sufficiently resisted while the cracking of the wood is suppressed. The resulting joint 1 can be formed.

Second Embodiment
FIG. 9: (a) side view of the pin 40 for wood connection which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (b) The figure seen from the front-end | tip part, (c) The figure seen from the head, (d) The side The enlarged view of is shown. In addition, about the structure similar to embodiment already demonstrated, the same code | symbol may be attached | subjected and description may be abbreviate | omitted. As in the case of the first embodiment, the pin 40 has a circumferential groove 30 formed on a circumferential surface 12d formed between the tip 12a and the head 12b. The circumferential groove 30 of the present embodiment is formed as a large number of annular grooves 42 formed at a predetermined pitch.

  In the annular groove 42, crest portions 42a and trough portions 42b that are alternately continuous at a predetermined pitch are formed in the axial direction of the pin 40, and wood is biting into the trough portions 42b when the coupling portion 1 is formed, so that FIG. As shown in (d), the pin 40 will have a substantially reduced effective cross-sectional diameter D.

  As a result, as in the case of the first embodiment, the pin 40 has flexibility in a range that does not impair the strength of the coupling portion 1, and thus becomes the pillar 2 and the base 4 after the coupling portion 1 is formed. Differences in the strength of the wood, variations in construction, loads on the joint 1 after construction, and the like can be absorbed by the bending of the pins 40. Further, the annular groove 42 and the square hole 34 can form the coupling portion 1 with higher strength.

<Third Embodiment>
10A is a side view of a pin 50 for wood connection according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10B is a view seen from the tip, FIG. 10C is a view seen from the head, and FIG. The enlarged view of is shown. In addition, about the structure similar to embodiment already demonstrated, the same code | symbol may be attached | subjected and description may be abbreviate | omitted. As in the case of the first and second embodiments, the pin 50 has a circumferential groove 30 formed on a circumferential surface 12d formed between the tip portion 12a and the head portion 12b. The circumferential groove 30 of the present embodiment is formed as a large number of serration grooves 52 formed at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction of the circumferential surface 12d.

  In the serration groove 52, ridges 52a and valleys 52b that are alternately continuous at a predetermined pitch are formed in the circumferential direction of the pin 50, and the wood bites into the valleys 52b when the coupling part 1 is formed. As shown in (d), the pin 50 has a substantially reduced effective cross-sectional diameter D. Thereby, like the case of 1st and 2nd embodiment, the pin 50 will have the flexibility of the range which does not impair the yield strength of the coupling | bond part 1. FIG.

  For this reason, after the formation of the coupling portion 1, the difference in strength of the wood to be the pillar 2 and the base 4, the variation in construction, the load on the coupling portion 1 after construction, and the like can be absorbed by the bending of the pin 12. Further, the serration groove 52 and the square hole 34 can form the joint portion 1 with higher strength.

  The pins 12, 40 and 50 of the first to third embodiments described above can be applied to a wood coupling structure different from the wood coupling structure described in the first embodiment. Therefore, hereinafter, the case where the pin 12 of the first embodiment is applied to different coupling structures will be described as a representative. In addition, since it is as having mentioned above about the effect of the pins 12, 40, and 50, the re-reference may be abbreviate | omitted.

<Fourth embodiment>
11 and 12 are diagrams schematically showing a force generated from the main pin coupling 16A when the pulling force f acts on the column 2 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the case of FIG. 11, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is provided on the upper side of each main pin coupling 16 </ b> A in the height direction Y. Even in this case, it is possible to ensure the yield strength of the coupling portion 1. Further, in this case, as in the case of FIG. 7, the center of the pin hole 10 c forming the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is positioned with a distance L (for example, L = 35 mm) from the upper surface 4 a of the base 4.

  Further, the distance D3 between the main pin coupling 16A and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 in the height direction Y of the base 4 is not more than twice the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c (for example, D3 = 15 mm). Accordingly, the propagation of cracks in the height direction Y of the tenon 6 associated with the formation of the main pin couplings 16A is effectively suppressed by absorbing the displacement of the wood itself, and the formation of the main pin couplings 16A and the auxiliary pin couplings 18 is effective. The accompanying propagation of tenon cracks can be offset each other.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 12, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is not necessarily required as long as the coupling portion 1 can sufficiently withstand the pulling force f only by forming each main pin coupling 16A. This is because even in this case, it is possible to generate the pressing force F1 having the same vector and size as in the case of FIG.

<Fifth Embodiment>
FIG. 13: shows the side view of the coupling | bond part 1 of the pillar 2 and the base 4 to which the coupling | bonding structure of the wood which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention is applied. Moreover, FIG. 14 shows the BB cross-sectional arrow view in FIG. In the present embodiment, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the position of each main pin coupling 16B in the coupling portion 1 in the longitudinal direction X is changed. For this reason, the difference will be mainly described, and the description of other parts may be omitted by giving the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment.

  Each main pin coupling 16 </ b> B of the present embodiment is provided in a position in the longitudinal direction X including a fitting region 22 between both side surfaces 6 b and 6 c of the tenon 6 and both side walls 8 b and 8 c of the tenon hole 8. The positional relationships of the other main pin couplings 16B and auxiliary pin couplings 18 in the coupling portion 1 are the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

  In the case of this embodiment, when the pin holes 10a to 10c are formed by the precut processing machine, the processing steps are basically the same as those in the case of the first embodiment. However, in the case of this embodiment, when forming the pin holes 10a, 10b for forming the main pin couplings 16B, first, the drill is advanced from the side surface 4c of the base 4 along the fitting region 22. One end of pin holes 10a and 10b opened in a semicircular shape is drilled in the side wall 8d of the mortise 8. Next, the other end of the pin holes 10a and 10b opened in a semicircular shape is drilled in the side wall 8e of the mortise 8 by advancing the drill from the side surface 4d of the base 4 along the fitting region 22.

  That is, in the case of the present embodiment, unlike the case of the first embodiment, when forming the pin holes 10a and 10b, it is not necessary to advance the drill until the mortise 8 is completely penetrated. For this reason, it is possible to form the pin holes 10a and 10b in a short time as compared with the case of the first embodiment while performing the same steps as those of the first embodiment. In this way, the pin holes 10a to 10c and the main pin couplings 16B and the auxiliary pin couplings 18 are formed through a part of the mortise 8 in a consistent manner.

  Particularly, in each main pin coupling 16B of the present embodiment, the pin 12 is driven from the side surface 4c side of the base 4 in which one of the pin holes 10a and 10b is opened with the tenon 6 fitted in the tenon hole 8. As a result, the pin 12 extends to the other of the pin holes 10a and 10b while crushing both a part of both side surfaces 6d and 6e of the tenon 6 and part of both side walls 8d and 8e of the tenon hole 8 into a semicircular cross section. It is driven in.

  That is, in each main pin coupling 16B, when the pin 12 is driven from one of the pin holes 10a and 10b, the pin 12 is not only part of the mortise 6 but also part of the mortise 8 in part of the mortise 8. Is also formed at a position including the fitting region 22 described above by penetrating the pin 12 to reach the other of the pin holes 10a and 10b. At this time, due to an increase in the compressive force of the wood in the vicinity of the fitting region 22 due to the driving of the pin 12, the tightening of both the mortise 8 with respect to the mortise 6 and the tenon with respect to the mortise 6 near the fitting region 22 A margin (fitting margin) is formed over the entire region in the width direction Z.

  FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing the force acting on the coupling portion 1 shown in FIG. As described above, the tightening margin for both the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8 is formed in the fitting region 22 of each main pin coupling 16B, so that both the side surfaces 6d and 6e of the tenon 6 and both sides of the tenon hole 8 are formed. The pin 12 is squeezed tightly with both the walls 8b and 8c, and the fitting force of the coupling portion 1 increases.

  As a partial force constituting the fitting force of the coupling portion 1, a pressing force F2 that presses both side walls 8b and 8c of the mortise 8 directly in the longitudinal direction X from the pin 12 is generated as indicated by an arrow. However, since the mortise 6 is constrained by the mortise 8, excessive expansion of the side walls 8b, 8c of the mortise 8 in the longitudinal direction X is suppressed, and the mortise 6 and the base 4 accompanying the formation of each main pin coupling 16B are suppressed. The cracking of is effectively suppressed.

  Thus, also in the present embodiment, the fitting force of the tenon 6 to the mortise 8 in the coupling portion 1 is increased by the pressing force F2 from the pin 12 generated along with the formation of each main pin coupling 16B, and each main pin The coupling 16B exhibits the main coupling function of the coupling portion 1. On the other hand, the expansion displacement of the tenon 6 in the auxiliary pin coupling 18 in all directions is absorbed almost entirely by the wood itself. However, in the auxiliary pin coupling 18, the shear force of the pin 12 acts on the tenon 6 as the pin 12 is driven into the tenon 6. Thereby, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 exhibits an auxiliary coupling function of the coupling portion 1.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram schematically showing the force generated in the coupling portion 1 when the pulling force f acts on the column 2 from the state of FIG. When an upward pulling force f acts on the column 2, the pressing force F2 generated in each main pin coupling 16B shown in FIG. 15 changes the force vector from the tenon 6 toward the diagonally downward outer side as seen in FIG. The pressing force F3 is obtained.

  FIG. 17 is an enlarged view showing the component force of the pressing force F3 generated at the main pin coupling 16B of FIG. In the main pin coupling 16 </ b> B, the tenon 6 and the pin 12 try to move in the upward direction indicated by the broken-line arrow with respect to the tenon hole 8 in accordance with the action of the pulling force f on the column 2. It is further pressed against the side walls 8b and 8c. Thereby, the fitting force of the pin 12 and the tenon 6 with respect to the tenon hole 8 further increases.

  However, since the tenon 6 is fitted in the tenon hole 8 and restrained in the longitudinal direction X, the increase in the fitting force of the tenon 6 is shown as a mesh between the pin 12 and the side surface 6b of the tenon 6. The compression rate of the wood itself in the compression region 20 is further increased from the initial state of FIG. In this embodiment, as a result of the pin 12 being firmly restrained by both the side surfaces 6d, 6e of the tenon 6 and the both side walls 8b, 8c of the tenon hole 8, the pin 12 is mainly positioned above the tenon hole 8 side. A compression region 20 is formed on the tenon 6 side of the pin 12.

  As a result, a pressing force f3 in the longitudinal direction X acts on the side wall 8b of the mortise 8 from the pin 12. This pressing force f3 becomes larger than the pressing force F2 in the initial state of FIG. 15 due to an increase in the compression rate of the compression region 20. Further, due to the increase in the compression ratio of the compression region 20, the side surface 6b of the tenon 6 comes into closer contact with the side wall 8b of the tenon 8 as compared with the case of FIG.

  As a result, a dynamic frictional force f4 is generated on the side surface 6b of the tenon 6 in the downward direction that is the direction opposite to the pulling force f. As described above, the pressing force F3 acting on the main pin coupling 16B when the pulling force f is generated is formed by the resultant force of the pressing force f3 and the frictional force f4. Will be pressed.

  Further, as in the case of the first embodiment, the pressing force F3 acting on the main pin coupling 16B is deflected obliquely downward and outward by the generation of the frictional force f4, so that the crack in the longitudinal direction X of the base 4 is effective. Can be suppressed. In addition, since the distance L from the center of the pin holes 10a and 10b to the upper surface 4a of the base 4 is secured, the tenon 6 is constrained by the weight of the pillar 2 itself. The propagation of cracks in the height direction Y of the tenon 6 due to the formation of is effectively suppressed by absorbing the displacement of the wood itself.

  Further, the main pin coupling 16B and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 have a separation distance D3 in the height direction Y of the base 4 of about 15 mm which is less than or equal to twice the hole diameter d of the pin holes 10a to 10c. It is possible to effectively suppress the propagation of cracks in the tenon 6 due to the formation of the coupling 16B and the auxiliary pin coupling 18 while canceling each other.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, as in the case of the first embodiment, by extracting the strength of the wood to the maximum, the high-strength coupling portion 1 by the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8 can be inexpensively and easily. It can be realized with high workability without impairing the beauty. Specifically, a pre-cut column 2 and a base 4 are prepared in advance, and a pressing force F2 using the compressive force of wood is simply performed by simply driving the pins 12 into the pin holes 10a to 10c at the construction site. Thus, the overall fitting force of the tenon 6 with respect to the tenon hole 8 can be increased. Further, even if the pulling force f is generated in the column 2, the coupling portion 1 that can sufficiently withstand the pulling force f is formed while suppressing cracking of the wood by the pressing force F3 using the compressive force and frictional force of the wood. can do.

<Sixth Embodiment>
FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically showing the force generated from the main pin coupling 16B when the pulling force f acts on the column 2 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 18, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 is not necessarily required as long as it can sufficiently withstand the pulling force f only by forming each main pin coupling 16B. Further, although not shown, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 may be provided on the upper side of each main pin coupling 16B in the height direction Y.

<Seventh embodiment>
FIG. 19 shows the force acting on the joint 1 when the pulling force f acts on the pillar 2 in the joint 1 between the pillar 2 and the base 4 to which the wood joining structure according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. Since the present embodiment has a configuration in which the first and fifth embodiments are combined, the same contents may be denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof may be omitted.

  The coupling portion 1 according to the present embodiment includes a main pin coupling 16A provided in the vicinity of both side surfaces 6b and 6c of the tenon 6 and a main pin coupling 16B provided in each fitting region 22. As described above, the main pin coupling 16B increases the yield strength of the coupling portion 1 in such a manner that the pins 12 are squeezed by wood compression of both the tenon 6 and the mortise 8. Accordingly, the main pin coupling 16B is not formed completely through the tenon 6 unlike the main pin coupling 16A, and the center of the pin holes 10a, 10b of the main pin coupling 16B is from the upper surface 4a of the base 4. The distance L may be about 25 mm. Thereby, even when the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8 are short in the height direction Y, the main pin coupling 16B can be formed while suppressing the tenon 6 from being cracked.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, similarly to the first and fifth embodiments, the strength of the wood is extracted to the maximum, so that the high strength joint portion 1 by the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8 can be obtained at low cost. It can be easily realized without impairing the aesthetics and with high workability. Specifically, the tenon 6 as a whole with respect to the mortise 8 by the pressing force F0, F2 using the compressive force of wood by simple construction in which the pins 12 are respectively driven into the pre-cut processed pin holes 10a to 10c. Can improve the fitting force.

  Furthermore, even if the pulling force f is generated in the column 2, the coupling portion 1 that can sufficiently withstand the pulling force f while suppressing cracking of the wood by the pressing forces F1 and F3 using the compressive force and frictional force of the wood. Can be formed. Although not shown, the auxiliary pin coupling 18 may be provided in the height direction Y above each main pin coupling 16B or below each main pin coupling 16A.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made.
For example, the application of the coupling structure of the pins 12, 40, 50 and wood shown in the above embodiments is not limited to the formation of the coupling portion 1 formed by the pillar 2 and the base 4, but a beam or a joist. It is widely applicable to the joint structure of two woods including In addition, at least one of the two timbers is not limited to a square member but may be a log or the like, and is not limited to a bar member and may be a wooden member such as a joint member.

Further, the shape of the mortise 6 and the mortise 8 is not limited to the above embodiments. Specifically, the main pin coupling 16A may be formed in the vicinity of the mating region 22 of the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8, and the main pin coupling is performed at a position including the mating region 22 of the tenon 6 and the tenon hole 8. 16B may be formed.
Further, the fitting between the head 12b of the pin 12 and the pin holes 10a to 10c is not limited to the interference fitting.

  Further, the fitting between the pins 12, 40, 50 and the pin holes 10a to 10c is not limited to the intermediate fitting. Specifically, the intermediate fitting means that the minimum allowable dimension of the pin 12 is smaller than the maximum allowable dimension of the pin holes 10a to 10c and the minimum allowable dimension of the pin 12 is larger than the maximum allowable dimension of the pin holes 10a to 10c. To do. However, in practice, a gap may be formed between the pin 12 and the pin holes 10a to 10c, or a tightening allowance may be generated.

Further, the number of the main pin couplings 16A and 16B and the auxiliary pin couplings 18 or the positions of the auxiliary pin couplings 18 are not limited to the above embodiments, and can be appropriately changed according to the proof stress required for the coupling part 1. It is.
In addition, when there are two sets of opposing fitting regions 22 in one coupling portion 1, the pin 12 is driven in the extending direction of one opposing fitting region 22 to form the main pin coupling 16A or 16B. Alternatively, another main pin coupling 16A or 16B may be formed by driving the pins 12, 40, 50 in the extending direction of the other opposing fitting region 22.

In addition, the application of the pin 12, 40, 50 and wood connection structure shown in each of the above embodiments is not strictly limited to the wooden shaft construction method, and is applicable to other construction methods including a drift pin construction method and the like. It is also possible to do.
Further, the pins 12, 40, 50 shown in the above embodiments are formed of the wood by the bending of the pins 12, 40, 50 in which the circumferential grooves 30 are formed in the peripheral surface 12d and the effective sectional diameter D is reduced. The present invention is not strictly limited to these forms as long as the influence of the difference in strength, the variation in construction, and the load on the joint 1 after construction can be reduced.

2 pillars (first wood)
2a End face 4 Base (second wood)
6 Mortise 8 Mortise 10a, 10b, 10c Pin hole 12, 40, 50 Pin 12a Tip 12b Head 12b1 End surface 12d Peripheral surface 14a, 14b, 14c Pin coupling 22 Fitting area 30 Circumferential groove 32 Screw part 34 Square hole ( Mating hole)
42 annular groove 52 serration groove

Claims (6)

The tenon provided on the end face of the first wood is directly fitted into the tenon provided in the second wood in the fitting regions facing each other, and the first and second woods are joined together. It is a pin for wood connection used for a connection structure,
The second wood has a pin hole drilled in the extending direction of the fitting region through at least a part of the mortise,
The coupling structure is, in a state fitted to the tenon in the mortise, see write out one from the opening side of the pin head of the pin hole, said pin directly to the tenon through the pin hole by bite, said pin through at least a portion of the tenon, the tip of the pin to form a pin connection by allowed to reach the other opening side of the pin holes in at least a portion of the mortise,
The pin is a wood coupling pin having a circumferential groove that reduces an effective sectional diameter of the pin on a circumferential surface formed between the tip portion and the head portion.   The pin for wood connection according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential groove is formed of a thread portion formed at a predetermined pitch on the circumferential surface.   2. The wood coupling pin according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential groove includes a plurality of annular grooves formed on the circumferential surface at a predetermined pitch.   2. The wood coupling according to claim 1, wherein the circumferential groove includes a plurality of serration grooves that extend from the tip portion to the head portion and are formed at a predetermined pitch in a circumferential direction of the circumferential surface. Pin.   The wood connection pin according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the tip has an acute cone shape.   The pin for wood connection according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the head has a fitting hole on an end surface thereof.

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