JP6220509B2 - Rock fall prevention and erosion prevention structure and construction method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rock fall prevention and erosion prevention structure and method suitable for achieving both rock fall countermeasures, slope stabilization, surface erosion prevention and greening, for example.

  As a technique for preventing falling rocks, there is a construction method called rope fencing (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This is because the ends and intersections of the wire ropes assembled in a lattice shape are fixed to anchors placed on the slope so that the wire rope is in a state along the undulations of the slope, and on the slope that causes rock fall. It is a construction method that suppresses the initial start-up of rolling stones, etc., and has the advantage that it is difficult to damage the natural landscape.

Japanese Patent No. 2829825

  By the way, if a rope vegetation is used together with a vegetation base spraying work, it is possible to prevent falling rocks and prevent erosion due to greening of the slope. However, since the rope abutment and the vegetation base spraying work have different purposes, they are generally designed as separate work types, and there is a possibility that inconvenience may occur due to the combined use. In other words, when trying to perform a vegetation foundation spraying work after a rope fencing, the worker performing the vegetation foundation spraying work must move on the slope where the wire rope is stretched in a lattice shape, and the safety deteriorates. On the other hand, even if the rope working is attempted after the vegetation foundation spraying work, when the rope working worker moves on the vegetation foundation layer, the layer may collapse. Moreover, it is necessary to carry a special large machine for spraying to the site for the implementation of the vegetation base spraying work, and a large amount of labor is required for the carrying-in work.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned matters, and its purpose is to make it unnecessary to carry in a large machine to the site, and to achieve both prevention of falling rocks and prevention of erosion of slopes while ensuring high safety. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure and method for preventing rock fall and preventing erosion.

In order to achieve the above object, the rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method according to the present invention extends vertically and horizontally on an erosion prevention target area in which an erosion prevention material and a wire mesh are stacked in this order from the lower side. is fixed to an anchor formed a wire rope in a substantially grid-like, to the wire net and the erosion material, while pouring the anchor pin for securing the wire mesh and the erosion material erosion target area ,
After the placement of the anchor, the erosion prevention material and the wire mesh are arranged in the erosion prevention target area, and after the arrangement, the wire ropes are fixed to the anchors, and anchor pins are also placed on the wire ropes. It is a rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method,
While the anchors are driven in a substantially grid shape inside and outside of the erosion prevention target area, the placement of anchors on the uppermost and lowermost stages inside the erosion prevention target area is omitted,
The erosion prevention materials adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions overlap each other, and for the erosion prevention materials adjacent to the upper and lower sides, the lower erosion prevention material is inserted below the upper erosion prevention material, and in each row, The anchor pin is driven into the top end of the top erosion prevention material so that its head remains on the ground,
Hang one end of the wire mesh on the head of the anchor pin driven into the top end of the topmost erosion preventive material, and expand the roll-shaped wire mesh used as the wire mesh to the lowest level, and the adjacent wire meshes overlap on the left and right It is characterized in that way (claim 1).

On the other hand, in order to achieve the above object, a rockfall prevention and erosion prevention structure according to the present invention includes an erosion prevention material laid on an area targeted for erosion prevention, a wire mesh laid on the upper side of the erosion prevention material, A wire rope extending vertically and horizontally fixed to an anchor in a state of being assembled in a substantially lattice shape on a wire mesh, and further fixing the erosion prevention material and the wire mesh to an erosion prevention target area and for each wire rope Even with anchor pins to be placed, the wire mesh is a roll-shaped wire mesh and a rockfall prevention and erosion prevention structure,
The anchor is configured to be driven in a substantially lattice shape over the inside and outside of the erosion prevention target area in a state where the placement to the uppermost stage and the lowermost stage inside the erosion prevention target area is omitted,
The erosion prevention material is arranged so that the erosion prevention materials adjacent to each other on the top, bottom, left and right overlap each other, and for the erosion prevention materials adjacent to the top and bottom, the lower erosion prevention material is inserted below the upper erosion prevention material. As well as
The uppermost erosion preventive material in each row has a head that can hang one end of a roll-shaped wire mesh and is driven into the top end so that the head remains on the ground. It has an anchor pin that can hang one end of the wire mesh and deploy the roll-shaped wire mesh to the lowest level,
Furthermore, the roll-shaped wire nets adjacent to the left and right are arranged so as to overlap each other (claim 2).

  According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a rockfall prevention and erosion prevention structure and construction method that eliminates the need to carry a large machine to the site and can achieve both prevention of falling rocks and prevention of erosion of slopes while ensuring high safety.

  That is, in the invention according to each claim of the present application, the vegetation base material is not sprayed to prevent erosion, but the erosion prevention material is used. Therefore, after the erosion prevention material is laid, the worker moves relatively safely on it. Therefore, it is possible to install a wire rope to prevent falling rocks, and to improve the workability (workability) and safety for workers.

  Further, in the invention according to each claim of the present application, the erosion prevention work is performed by laying the erosion prevention material substantially simultaneously with the laying of the wire mesh, and the conventionally necessary vegetation base spraying step is omitted. As a result, the construction period can be shortened by reducing the number of processes.

  Furthermore, in the invention according to each claim of the present application, it is possible to make it unnecessary to carry in a special large machine to the site, and this point is also excellent in workability (workability).

It is explanatory drawing (standard drawing) which shows roughly the structure of the rock fall prevention and erosion prevention structure which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows schematically the structure of the said rock fall prevention and erosion prevention structure. It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the anchor placement process (1) of the rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method which concerns on one embodiment of this invention. (A)-(E) are explanatory drawings which show roughly the anchor placement method to a rock part. It is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the structure of the anchor material for earth and sand parts, and a pile driver. (A) And (B) is explanatory drawing which shows roughly the anti-erosion material arrangement | positioning process (2). It is explanatory drawing which shows a wire-mesh arrangement | positioning process (3) roughly. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows a rope installation process (4) schematically, (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of a winding grip roughly. It is explanatory drawing which shows an intersection process process (5) roughly. (A) And (B) is the front view and top view which show the structure of a cross clip roughly. (A) And (B) is a perspective view which shows the structure of another cross clip roughly. (A) And (B) is the front view and top view which show the structure of a cross anchor clip roughly. It is explanatory drawing which shows a wire-mesh joint process (6) and an anchor pin placement process (7) roughly.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The rock fall prevention and erosion prevention structure (hereinafter referred to as “this structure”) according to the present embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is eroded by the erosion prevention material 1 laid over the entire surface of the erosion prevention target area A. The falling rock is prevented by the wire mesh 2 laid on the upper side of the erosion prevention material 1 and the wire ropes 4 and 5 extending vertically and horizontally fixed to the anchor 3 while being assembled in a substantially lattice shape on the wire mesh 2. It is for aiming at. In FIG. 1, only a part of the erosion preventing material 1 and the wire net 2 laid on the entire surface of the erosion prevention target area A are shown for convenience.

  Hereinafter, a rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method (hereinafter referred to as “this construction method”) according to the present embodiment for constructing this structure will be described together with a more detailed explanation of this structure. This construction method has the following steps (1) to (7).

  (1) First, as shown in FIG. 3, the anchor 3 is placed (anchor placing step).

  Here, an anchor 3 for fixing the ends of the wire ropes 4 and 5 is placed outside the erosion prevention target area A, and the wire ropes 4 and 5 intersect inside the erosion prevention target area A. Anchors 3 for fixing the portion (intermediate portion) are driven in a substantially lattice shape. In this construction method, the anchors 3 are driven in a substantially lattice pattern (in the vertical and horizontal directions at regular intervals (for example, every 2 m)) over the inside and outside of the erosion prevention target area A. Placing the anchors 3 at the uppermost and lowermost stages is omitted.

  The placement method of the anchor 3 differs depending on the state of the placement location of the anchor 3 (whether it is a rock part or a sandy part). That is, when the anchor 3 is driven in the rock part, as shown in FIG. 4A, a hole 7 having a predetermined bit diameter and a certain depth or more (for example, 900 mm or more) is formed in the rock part using a rock drilling machine 6. As shown in FIG. 4 (B), the anchor fixing material 8 obtained by immersing the cement capsule in water and containing water until no bubbles are generated is injected into the holes 7 (see FIG. 4 (C)). . Then, the rock anchor 9 (for example, rock anchor “D22 (M20) × 1000” or “D22 (M20) × 1500)” from Tezak Co., Ltd.) is repeatedly moved in the insertion / removal direction in the hole 7 to fix the anchor. 4 is pushed to the bottom of the hole 7 while mixing, and then the rock anchor 9 is pushed to the bottom of the hole 7 as shown in FIG. Installation of the anchor 3 is completed by attaching to the material 9 (see FIG. 4E).

  On the other hand, when placing the anchor 3 in the earth and sand part, as shown in FIG. 5, an air pile is attached to the head of the earth and sand part anchor material 11 (for example, the trade name “Arrow Anchor 25” of Tezak Co., Ltd.). It is only necessary to mount the hammer 12 and drive it to a predetermined depth. Moreover, what is necessary is just to make it drive | work after making a pilot hole with the rock drill 6 or an air-type drilling machine (pneumatic puncher) about the place where driving using the pile driving machine 12 is difficult. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 13 denotes an air hose (driving air supply pipe for driving), which is connected to a compressor outside the figure.

  (2) Next, as shown in FIG. 6A, the erosion preventing material 1 is disposed on the entire surface of the erosion prevention target area A (erosion preventing material arranging step).

  As the erosion preventing material 1, various materials such as an erosion preventing sheet having no greening function and a vegetation mat having a greening function can be used. 3-20348 fertilizer-filled jute fiber felt, nurturing base, and seeded cloth integrally sewn), and the size can also be selected as appropriate (standard is 1 m wide x 2 m long) .

  In this step (2), first, the erosion preventive material 1 is arranged from the best part of the uppermost end or center of the erosion prevention target area A to the lowermost part, and this first row of erosion prevention. After the material 1 has been stretched, the erosion preventing material 1 is developed from left to right sequentially from the first row. Thereby, when arranging the erosion preventing material 1 in close contact with the slope, the influence of the undulation of the erosion prevention target area (slope) A can be suppressed.

  Here, in each row, a predetermined anchor pin 14 is driven into the top end portion of the uppermost erosion preventing material 1, and the second and subsequent erosion preventing materials 1 may be, for example, large head nails 15 (anchor pins 14 or the like). ) And temporarily deploy using (see FIG. 6B). When the anchor pin 14 is driven, its head remains on the ground for about 5 cm, for example.

  Further, the upper and lower left and right erosion prevention materials 1 are overlapped by, for example, about 5 cm, and the upper and lower erosion prevention materials 1 are arranged so that the erosion prevention material 1 is not turned up by rainwater or the like. The lower erosion preventing material 1 is inserted into the lower side.

  Further, a cut is made in the erosion preventing material 1 arranged at a location covering the anchor 3 placed in the erosion prevention target area A so that the head of the anchor 3 is exposed to the surface.

  (3) Subsequently, a wire mesh (for example, a rhombus wire mesh) 2 is disposed on the entire surface of the erosion prevention target area A so as to cover the erosion prevention material 1 disposed in the erosion prevention target area A (see FIG. 7) (wire mesh placement step) ).

  In this step (3), one end of the wire mesh 2 is hung on the head of the anchor pin 14 driven into the top end of the uppermost erosion prevention material 1 in the previous step (2), and the roll-shaped wire mesh 2 is placed on the lowermost step. Expand until. Further, the metal meshes 2 adjacent to each other on the left and right are overlapped by, for example, 10 cm or more.

  (4) The both ends of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 cut into appropriate lengths are respectively fixed to the anchors 3 placed outside the erosion prevention target area A (see FIG. 8A). As a result, the wire ropes 4 and 5 extending vertically and horizontally are assembled in a substantially lattice shape on the erosion prevention target area A in which the erosion preventing material 1 and the wire mesh 2 are stacked in this order from below. It will be in the state fixed to 3 (rope installation process). In FIG. 8A, illustration of the erosion preventing material 1 and the wire mesh 2 is omitted for convenience.

  For example, the horizontal wire rope 5 may be installed first, and the vertical wire rope 4 may be installed later. For fixing both ends of the wire ropes 4 and 5 to the anchor 3, a winding grip 17 as shown in FIG. Is used.

  The interval between the vertical wire ropes 4 adjacent to the left and right and the interval between the horizontal wire ropes 5 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction may spread due to the undulation of the slope, and the interval exceeds the allowable range (for example, 2.5 m). Adds an anchor 3 and wire ropes 4 and 5 so that the distance between the wire ropes 4 and 5 falls within an allowable range.

  (5) The intersecting portions of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 are fastened, and some of the intersecting portions are fixed to the anchor 3 (see FIG. 9) (intersecting portion processing step). In FIG. 9, the illustration of the erosion preventing material 1 and the wire mesh 2 is omitted for convenience.

  Specifically, the intersection X1 (see FIG. 9) between the uppermost horizontal wire rope 5 and each vertical wire rope 4 is fastened with a cross clip 18 (see FIGS. 10A and 10B), and the lowermost step. The crossing portion X2 (see FIG. 9) between the horizontal wire rope 5 and each vertical wire rope 4 is fastened with a cross clip 19 (see FIGS. 11A and 11B), and the other crossing portion X3 (see FIG. 9). ) Is fastened to the anchor 3 with a cross anchor clip 20 (see FIGS. 12A and 12B).

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 10 (A) and 10 (B), the cross clip 18 is formed by holding a press washer 18a and a washer 18b in a state of sandwiching the intersecting portion of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4, 5 with two bolts. It is configured to be secured with 18c. As such a cross clip 18, for example, a trade name “intersection clip” of Tezak Co., Ltd. can be used.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the cross clip 19 can hold the crossing portion of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 between a press washer 19a having four edges and a U bolt 19b. It is a thing. As such a cross clip 19, for example, a trade name “X clip” of Tezak Co., Ltd. can be used.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B, the cross anchor clip 20 has a press washer 20a and a washer 20b in a state of sandwiching the intersecting portion of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 as one bolt. 20c and the head of the anchor 3 are configured to be secured. As such a cross anchor clip 20, for example, a trade name “intersection anchor clip” of Tezak Co., Ltd. can be used.

  (6) The coupling coil 21 couples the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 to the wire mesh 2 and joins the overlapping portions of the wire mesh 2 (see FIG. 13) (wire mesh joining step). In addition, in FIG. 13, illustration of the anti-erosion material 1 and the wire mesh 2 is abbreviate | omitted for convenience.

  Here, for example, a coupling coil 21 is used for the connection between the wire mesh 2 and the vertical wire rope 4 at an interval of 2 pieces / 2 m, for example, and the connection between the wire mesh 2 and the horizontal wire rope 5 is connected at an interval of 4 pieces / 2 m, for example. For example, the coupling coil 21 can be used at an interval of 4/2 m for coupling the overlapping portions of the wire meshes 2 using the coil 21. Note that each of the above-described couplings using the coupling coil 21 is performed over the entire erosion prevention target area A, and FIG. 13 shows only a part thereof for convenience.

  (7) A predetermined anchor pin 22 for fixing the erosion preventing material 1 and the wire net 2 to the slope is placed (see FIG. 13) (anchor pin placing step).

  Here, in this construction method, the anchor pins 22 are driven at intervals of 3/2 m for the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5, and the width is about 4 m 2 defined by the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5. Six anchor pins 22 are placed in each frame. In FIG. 13, for convenience, only a part of the anchor pin 22 is shown.

  In this structure and this construction method constructed as described above, the erosion prevention material 1 is laid instead of spraying the vegetation base material to prevent erosion, so that after the erosion prevention material 1 is laid, the worker is relatively safe on it. It is possible to install the wire ropes 4 and 5 for preventing falling rocks and improve the workability (workability) and safety for workers.

  Moreover, in this structure and this construction method, the erosion prevention work is performed by laying the erosion prevention material 1 almost simultaneously with the laying of the wire mesh 2, and the vegetation base spraying process which has been conventionally required can be omitted. It can also be expected to shorten the work period by reducing the number of processes.

  Furthermore, since this structure and this construction method do not carry out the vegetation foundation spraying work, there is no need to carry a special large machine to the site, and this is also excellent in workability (workability).

  In addition, this invention is not limited to said embodiment at all, Of course, it can change and implement variously in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention. For example, it can be modified as follows.

  In the step (1), both ends of the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 are fixed to the anchor 3 placed outside the erosion prevention target area A. It may be fixed.

  In the step (1), the anchor 3 is fixed using a cement capsule, but other fixing methods may be employed.

  In the above step (5), the cross clip 18 is used for the intersection X1, and the cross clip 19 is used for the intersection X2. However, the cross clip 19 is used for the intersection X1, and the cross clip 18 is used for the intersection X2. You may make it use. Further, the cross anchor clip 20 used for the crossing portion X3 may be used for the crossing portions X1 and X2. In this case, the anchor 3 is also placed in the uppermost and lowermost stages of the erosion prevention target area A. What should I do?

  In this construction method, the anchor 3 is placed first (in step (1)) and the erosion preventive material 1 is arranged thereafter (in step (2)), but this order may be reversed. In this case, when the erosion preventing material 1 covers the place where the anchor 3 is placed, the anchor 3 can be placed by making a cut in the erosion preventing material 1, for example.

  The step (3) and the step (6) related to the arrangement of the wire mesh 2 in this construction method may be omitted. In this case, the distance between the vertical and horizontal wire ropes 4 and 5 may be reduced.

  Needless to say, the above modifications may be combined as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Corrosion prevention material 2 Wire mesh 3 Anchor 4 Vertical wire rope 5 Horizontal wire rope 6 Rock drill 7 Hole 8 Anchor fixing material 9 Rock material anchor material 10 Bearing plate 11 Sediment material material anchor 12 Pile driver 13 Air hose 14 Anchor pin 15 Large head nail 17 Winding grip 18 Cross clip 18a Press washer 18b Washer 18c Bolt 19 Cross clip 19a Press washer 19b U bolt 20 Cross anchor clip 20a Press washer 20b Washer 20c Bolt 21 Coupling coil 22 Anchor pin A Erosion prevention target area X1 Intersection X2 Intersection X3 Intersection

Claims (2)

An erosion preventive material and a wire mesh are laminated in this order from the lower side, and the wire rope extending vertically and horizontally is assembled in a substantially lattice shape and fixed to the anchor, and the erosion preventive material and While placing an anchor pin for fixing the erosion preventing material and the wire mesh to the erosion prevention target area with respect to the wire mesh ,
After the placement of the anchor, the erosion prevention material and the wire mesh are arranged in the erosion prevention target area, and after the arrangement, the wire ropes are fixed to the anchors, and anchor pins are also placed on the wire ropes. It is a rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method,
While the anchors are driven in a substantially grid shape inside and outside of the erosion prevention target area, the placement of anchors on the uppermost and lowermost stages inside the erosion prevention target area is omitted,
The erosion prevention materials adjacent to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions overlap each other, and for the erosion prevention materials adjacent to the upper and lower sides, the lower erosion prevention material is inserted below the upper erosion prevention material, and in each row, The anchor pin is driven into the top end of the top erosion prevention material so that its head remains on the ground,
Hang one end of the wire mesh on the head of the anchor pin driven into the top end of the topmost erosion preventive material, and expand the roll-shaped wire mesh used as the wire mesh to the lowest level, and the adjacent wire meshes overlap on the left and right A rock fall prevention and erosion prevention construction method characterized by that. An erosion prevention material laid on the erosion prevention target area, a wire mesh laid on the upper side of the erosion prevention material, and a wire rope extending vertically and horizontally fixed to the anchor in a state of being assembled in a substantially lattice shape on the wire mesh Furthermore, the erosion prevention material and the wire mesh are fixed to the erosion prevention target area, and anchor pins that are also driven to the wire ropes are provided . A structure for preventing erosion,
The anchor is configured to be driven in a substantially lattice shape over the inside and outside of the erosion prevention target area in a state where the placement to the uppermost stage and the lowermost stage inside the erosion prevention target area is omitted,
The erosion prevention material is arranged so that the erosion prevention materials adjacent to each other on the top, bottom, left and right overlap each other, and for the erosion prevention materials adjacent to the top and bottom, the lower erosion prevention material is inserted below the upper erosion prevention material. As well as
The uppermost erosion preventive material in each row has a head that can hang one end of a roll-shaped wire mesh and is driven into the top end so that the head remains on the ground. It has an anchor pin that can hang one end of the wire mesh and deploy the roll-shaped wire mesh to the lowest level,
Furthermore, the falling rock prevention and erosion prevention structure characterized in that the roll-shaped wire meshes adjacent to the left and right are arranged so as to overlap each other .

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