JP6215644B2 - Heart rate / electrocardiograph - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a heart rate / electrocardiograph that performs at least one of heart rate measurement and electrocardiogram measurement.

  Due to the recent miniaturization of wireless electronic devices and the advancement of network infrastructure, constant monitoring of vital data represented by heart rate, electrocardiogram, body temperature, body motion, pulse wave, blood pressure, etc., and health cloud services linked to the cloud Is being realized. In these systems, the quality of a biological signal received by a sensor serving as a data entry is one of important items. In particular, as a method for always mounting a sensor on a human body, a method of attaching a biological electrode to clothing is promising (see Non-Patent Document 1).

C. Park, PHChou, Y. Bai, R. Matthews, and A. Hibbs, “An ultra-wearable, wireless, low power ECG monitoring system”, in Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuit System Conf., London, UK, Nov. .2006, pp.241-244

  However, as shown in FIG. 11, conventionally, it is necessary to perform measurement by attaching a plurality of biological electrodes 101 and 102 to the left and right positions sandwiching the half-body heart 100, and the heart rate / electrocardiograph terminal 103. In order to connect the electrodes 101 and 102 to each other, it is necessary to route the long wires 104 and 105 on the body surface.

  The bioelectrodes 101 and 102, the terminal 103, and the wirings 104 and 105 are fixed to a clothing 106 serving as a base. Therefore, in particular, when the long wiring 104, 105 is fixed to the garment 106, the aesthetic appearance of the garment 106 is impaired, the problem that the wiring 104, 105 deteriorates due to repeated undressing and clothing, and the wiring due to washing. There is a problem that the 104 and 105 deteriorate and a problem that a person feels uncomfortable due to contact with the body when the wirings 104 and 105 are inside clothing. These problems are due to the fact that the length of the wiring itself is inevitably increased because a plurality of electrodes are arranged on both sides of the trunk sandwiching the heart for heart rate measurement or electrocardiogram measurement. is there. In addition, when the wirings 104 and 105 are routed over the trunk, a GND loop is formed, and there is a problem that it is easily affected by environmental noise.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and can provide a heartbeat / electrocardiogram capable of reducing the load on a living body, improving aesthetics and durability, and improving SNR (Signal to Noise ratio). The purpose is to provide a total.

The heart rate / electrocardiograph according to the present invention is disposed so as to protrude from a terminal having a measurement circuit for performing at least one of heart rate measurement and electrocardiogram measurement, and a surface of the terminal housing that contacts the living body, and the measurement circuit A positive electrode, a reference electrode, and a negative electrode that are electrically connected to each other , the reference electrode being disposed so as to surround each of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a signal received by the positive electrode and the negative electrode Or a GND potential of the measurement circuit is applied as a reference potential from the measurement circuit to the reference electrode .

  According to the present invention, the long wiring between the electrode and the terminal can be eliminated by providing the positive electrode, the reference electrode, and the negative electrode on the surface of the casing of the terminal. In the present invention, since it is only necessary to attach the heart rate / electrocardiograph to only one of the left and right halves of the living body, it is possible to reduce the wearing load on the living body on the monitor at all times and to eliminate the wiring, Wiring failures and deterioration due to attachment / detachment can be eliminated. In the present invention, by eliminating the long wiring, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the aesthetic appearance of the clothes and to suppress the deterioration of the SNR.

  In the present invention, the positive electrode, the reference electrode, and the negative electrode are fixed to the surface of the garment that comes into contact with the living body, and the electrode and the terminal are mechanically and electrically connected via a connector to Long wiring between terminals can be eliminated. In the present invention, since it is only necessary to attach the heart rate / electrocardiograph to only one of the left and right halves of the living body, it is possible to reduce the wearing load on the living body on the monitor at all times and to eliminate the wiring, Wiring failures and deterioration due to attachment / detachment can be eliminated. In the present invention, by eliminating the long wiring, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the aesthetic appearance of the clothes and to suppress the deterioration of the SNR.

It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention were mounted | worn with the human body. It is the bottom view and sectional drawing of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the terminal of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the bottom view and sectional drawing of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concern on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is the bottom view and sectional drawing of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concern on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the mounting position of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit diagram which shows the electrical connection relation of the electrodes 3-5 and the terminal 2 in the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the positive electrode part of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the connector of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concerns on the 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is the bottom view and sectional drawing of the heart rate and the electrocardiograph which concern on the 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows a mode that the conventional heart rate and the electrocardiograph were mounted | worn with the human body.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which the heart rate / electrocardiograph according to the first embodiment of the present invention is attached to a living body (human body), and FIG. 2A is a view of the heart rate / electrocardiograph viewed from the living body side. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the heart rate / electrocardiograph of FIG.
The heartbeat / electrocardiograph according to the present embodiment protrudes from a terminal 2 that performs at least one of heartbeat measurement and electrocardiography measurement, and a surface that contacts the living body 1 (such as a human body or an animal body) of the casing of the terminal 2. A positive electrode 3, a reference electrode 4, and a negative electrode 5 are provided. Since the positive electrode 3, the reference electrode 4, and the negative electrode 5 are provided, the casing of the terminal 2 is preferably made of an insulating material.

  As can be seen from FIG. 1, the heartbeat / electrocardiograph is disposed, for example, on the left side of the heart 100 of the living body 1 so that the positive electrode 3, the reference electrode 4, and the negative electrode 5 are in contact with the living body 1. The size of the terminal 2 is, for example, about 10 cm × 10 cm. The terminal 2 may be attached to the living body 1 by a tightening action of clothing or a band attached thereto, or may be attached to the living body 1 using an adhesive such as a seal.

  The positive electrode 3, the reference electrode 4, and the negative electrode 5 are made of a conductive material such as silver or silver chloride. The terminal 2 measures an electrocardiogram waveform by measuring a potential difference between the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5. Such measurement of an electrocardiographic waveform is a well-known technique for Holter electrocardiographs. The reference electrode 4 is an electrode for providing the living body 1 with a reference potential that is a reference for potential change of the living body 1. The reference potential may be an intermediate potential of signals received by the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5 or may be the GND potential of the circuit of the terminal 2. If the electrocardiogram waveform can be measured, the heart rate can be calculated based on the electrocardiogram waveform.

  Since a specific method for measuring an electrocardiogram waveform and a specific method for measuring a heart rate are well-known techniques, detailed description thereof is omitted. The terminal 2 may perform only one of heart rate measurement and electrocardiogram measurement, or may perform both measurements.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the terminal 2 is electrically connected to the electrodes 3 to 5, and includes a measurement circuit 200 that performs heart rate measurement and electrocardiogram measurement, and a power source 201 such as a battery that supplies power to the terminal 2. A memory 202 for storing the measured heart rate and electrocardiogram waveform may be provided, or a display 203 for displaying the heart rate and electrocardiogram waveform may be provided. A transmission circuit 204 that transmits to the outside using wireless communication or wired communication may be provided.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, by providing the positive electrode 3, the reference electrode 4, and the negative electrode 5 on the housing surface of the terminal 2, the long wiring between the electrodes 3 to 5 and the terminal 2 is eliminated. be able to. In this embodiment, since it is only necessary to attach the heart rate / electrocardiograph to only one of the left and right halves of the living body, it is possible to reduce the wearing load on the living body on the monitor at all times and to eliminate the long wiring. It is possible to eliminate the failure and deterioration of the wiring due to the attachment and detachment of clothes. Further, in this embodiment, by eliminating the long wiring, it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the aesthetic appearance of the clothes and to suppress the deterioration of the SNR (Signal to Noise ratio).

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 4A is a bottom view of the heart rate / electrocardiograph according to the second embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the living body side, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the heart rate / electrocardiograph of FIG. In this figure, the same components as those in FIGS. 2A and 2B are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the present embodiment, the reference electrode 4 is disposed away from the living body 1.

  By placing the reference electrode 4 at a position that does not contact the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5 through the living body 1, the amplitude of the electrical signal (biological signal) received by the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5 is increased with respect to the reference potential. can do. This embodiment is effective when the noise induced in the living body 1 is small.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5A is a bottom view of the heartbeat / electrocardiograph according to the third embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the living body side, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the heartbeat / electrocardiograph of FIG. In this figure, the same components as those in FIGS. 2A and 2B are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the first and second embodiments, the positive electrode 3, the reference electrode 4, and the negative electrode 5 are fixed to the casing of the terminal 2, but in the present embodiment, these electrodes 3 to 5 and the terminal 2 can be separated.

In the present embodiment, the electrodes 3 to 5 are fixed so as to protrude toward the living body 1 by, for example, sewing or bonding the electrodes 3 to 5 to the surface of the garment 6 that contacts the living body 1.
On the surface of the garment 6 opposite to the surface in contact with the living body 1, a connector 7B mechanically and electrically connected to the positive electrode 3 and a connector 8B mechanically and electrically connected to the reference electrode 4 The negative electrode 5 and the connector 9B mechanically and electrically connected are fixed so as to be exposed.

  On the other hand, the connectors 7A, 8A, and 9A are fixed on the surface of the casing of the terminal 2 at positions where they are fitted with the connectors 7B, 8B, and 9B, respectively. The connectors 7A, 8A, 9A are electrically connected to the measurement circuit 200 of the terminal 2.

  When a person wears clothing 6, electrodes 3 to 5 are arranged so as to come into contact with the skin surface of the human body (living body 1). And if the terminal 2 is mounted so that the connectors 7A, 8A, 9A of the terminal 2 are fitted with the connectors 7B, 8B, 9B on the clothing 6 side, the terminal 2 is mechanically fixed, and the electrodes 3-5 Terminal 2 is electrically connected. Thus, both mechanical fixation and electrical connection can be realized.

In the present embodiment, the connectors 7A, 8A, 9A are concave connectors and the connectors 7B, 8B, 9B are convex connectors. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the connectors 7A, 8A, 9A are convex. The mold connectors, connectors 7B, 8B, and 9B may be concave connectors.
In the present embodiment, only the reference electrode 4 may be configured as described in the second embodiment. In this case, the connectors 8A and 8B are not necessary.

[Fourth Embodiment]
The heart rate / electrocardiograph described in the first to third embodiments may be attached to the neck 10 of the human body or the chest 11 as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B). It may be attached to the shoulder part 12, may be attached to the arm part 13, may be attached to the abdomen 14, or may be attached to the waist part 15. Moreover, you may mount | wear with a left half body as shown to FIG. 6 (A), and you may mount | wear with a right half body as shown in FIG. 6 (B).

[Fifth Embodiment]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the electrodes 3 to 5 and the terminal 2 in the heart rate / electrocardiograph according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the positive electrode part. FIG. When electrodes are placed at two locations on the trunk that do not sandwich the heart and heart rate measurement or electrocardiogram measurement is performed, the signal received by the electrodes becomes small and the SNR (Signal to Noise ratio) deteriorates.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a voltage follower 21 is provided in the immediate vicinity of the positive electrode 3, and impedance conversion of a biological signal received by the positive electrode 3 is performed by the voltage follower 21. In order to provide the voltage follower 21 in the immediate vicinity of the positive electrode 3, for example, the positive electrode portion is constituted by the positive electrode 3, the connector 7B, the voltage follower 21, and a base material made of an insulating material.

  Specifically, the positive electrode 3 is disposed on the surface of the substrate that contacts the living body 1, the connector 7B and the voltage follower 21 are disposed on the surface of the substrate opposite to the surface that contacts the living body 1, and the substrate It is only necessary to connect the positive electrode 3 and the input of the voltage follower 21 using the wiring and vias formed in the above, and connect the output of the voltage follower 21 and the connector 7B using the wiring formed on the base material. In this way, a positive electrode portion in which the positive electrode 3, the connector 7B, and the voltage follower 21 are combined into one can be realized. As described in the third embodiment, this positive electrode portion is attached to the garment 6 so that the positive electrode 3 protrudes toward the living body 1 and the connector 7B is exposed on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the living body 1. Fix it.

  Similarly, for the negative electrode 5, a voltage follower may be provided in the immediate vicinity of the negative electrode 5, and impedance conversion of a biological signal received by the negative electrode 5 may be performed by the voltage follower. The negative electrode portion can be realized by the negative electrode 5, the connector 9B, the voltage follower, and the base material, similarly to the positive electrode portion. What is necessary is just to fix this negative electrode part to the clothing 6 so that the negative electrode 5 protrudes in the biological body 1 side, and the connector 9B is exposed to the surface on the opposite side to the surface which contacts the biological body 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the biological signal received by the positive electrode 3 is input to the reception amplifier 16 in the measurement circuit 200 of the terminal 2 via the voltage follower 21 and the connectors 7B and 7A of the positive electrode portion. Amplified. In addition, the biological signal received by the negative electrode 5 is input to the reception amplifier 17 in the measurement circuit 200 of the terminal 2 via the voltage follower and connectors 9B and 9B of the negative electrode portion, and is amplified. Reference numeral 18 in FIG. 7 denotes a drive driver amplifier for applying a reference potential to the reference electrode 4. 7 and 8, reference numeral 19 denotes a power supply line for supplying a power source potential to the voltage follower 21 of the positive electrode part and the voltage follower of the negative electrode part, and 20 denotes a GND to the voltage follower 21 of the positive electrode part and the voltage follower of the negative electrode part. This is a GND line for applying a potential.

  In the present embodiment, it is necessary to supply power and GND in order to operate the voltage follower 21 that is an active element of the positive electrode portion and the voltage follower that is an active element of the negative electrode portion. The structure of the connectors 7A, 7B, 9A, 9B in this case is shown in FIG. 7A-1 is a connector on the terminal 2 side for receiving a biological signal from the positive electrode portion, 7A-2 is a connector on the terminal 2 side for supplying a power source potential to the voltage follower 21 of the positive electrode portion, and 7A-3 is a positive electrode. A terminal 2 side connector for applying a GND potential to the voltage follower 21 of the electrode part, 7B-1 is a connector on the positive electrode part side for transmitting a biological signal, and 7B-2 is a power supply potential to the voltage follower 21 of the positive electrode part. 7B-3 is a positive electrode part side connector for applying a GND potential to the voltage follower 21 of the positive electrode part.

9A-1 in FIG. 9 is a connector on the terminal 2 side for receiving a biological signal from the negative electrode portion, 9A-2 is a connector on the terminal 2 side for applying a power supply potential to the voltage follower in the negative electrode portion, 9A -3 is a terminal 2 side connector for applying a GND potential to the voltage follower of the negative electrode part, 9B-1 is a negative electrode part side connector for transmitting a biological signal, and 9B-2 is a voltage follower of the negative electrode part. A negative electrode portion side connector 9B-3 for supplying a power supply potential, and a negative electrode portion side connector 9B-3 for applying a GND potential to the voltage follower of the negative electrode portion.
Thus, in the present embodiment, by providing the voltage follower in the immediate vicinity of the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5, it is possible to suppress the SNR deterioration.

[Sixth Embodiment]
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 10A is a bottom view of the heartbeat / electrocardiograph according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the living body side, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view of the heartbeat / electrocardiograph of FIG. FIG. In this embodiment, the reference electrode 4 covers the periphery of the positive electrode portion 3 and the negative electrode 5 described in the third and fifth embodiments. In FIG. 10A, 25 is a clearance (gap) between the positive electrode 3 and the reference electrode 4, and 26 is a clearance between the negative electrode 5 and the reference electrode 4.

  By adopting such a structure, in the present embodiment, the reference electrode 4 can function as a drive shield that provides a shielding effect with respect to noise to the positive electrode 3 and the negative electrode 5.

  The present invention can be applied to a heart rate monitor and an electrocardiograph.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Living body, 2 ... Terminal, 3 ... Positive electrode, 4 ... Reference electrode, 5 ... Negative electrode, 6 ... Clothing, 7A, 8A, 9A, 7B, 8B, 9B ... Connector, 10 ... Neck part, 11 ... Chest part, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Shoulder part, 13 ... Arm part, 14 ... Abdominal part, 15 ... Waist part, 16, 17 ... Reception amplifier, 18 ... Drive driver amplifier, 19 ... Power supply line, 20 ... GND line, 21 ... Voltage follower, 25, 26 ... Clearance, 200 ... measurement circuit, 201 ... power supply, 202 ... memory, 203 ... indicator, 204 ... transmission circuit.

Claims (1)

A terminal having a measurement circuit for performing at least one of heart rate measurement and electrocardiogram measurement;
A positive electrode, a reference electrode, and a negative electrode, which are arranged so as to protrude from a surface of the casing of the terminal that comes into contact with the living body, and are electrically connected to the measurement circuit ;
The reference electrode is arranged so as to surround the positive electrode and the negative electrode, respectively, and the measurement circuit uses a potential intermediate between signals received by the positive electrode and the negative electrode or a GND potential of the measurement circuit as a reference potential. A heart rate / electrocardiograph characterized by being applied to the reference electrode .

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