JP6214295B2 - Pressure receiving structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure receiving structure including a pressure receiving plate installed on a slope in order to prevent landslide and slope collapse.

  Conventionally, the anchor method is widely known as one of the measures for preventing the collapse of the slope and the occurrence of landslide. In this anchor method, an anchor member such as a lock bolt is placed and fixed on the slope, and then the anchor member protruding from the slope is inserted into the through hole of the pressure receiving plate having a through hole in the center. In this method, a pressure receiving plate is installed on the slope, and a fastening member such as a nut is screwed to the upper end of the anchor member to press the pressure plate against the slope and press the slope.

  As the pressure-receiving plate used in this construction method, those made of iron or reinforced concrete are often used. However, although the strength is strong, there is a problem that carrying-in and installation work are difficult due to its extremely large weight.

  For this reason, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, a pressure receiving structure formed by stacking a plurality of synthetic resin plate members (pressure receiving plates) such as fiber reinforced resin having an anchor insertion hole at the center, As described in Patent Document 2, a plurality of same-sized, same-shaped fiber-reinforced resin pressure-receiving plates having a through-hole at the center are laminated and integrated to obtain a predetermined strength. A structured pressure receiving structure has been developed. According to the pressure receiving structure configured in this way, the pressure receiving plate is light in weight, can be easily carried in and handled, and has the advantage that the installation work on the slope can be easily performed compared to the pressure receiving plate made of iron or reinforced concrete. Have.

JP 2003-176539 A JP 2004-190320 A

  However, according to the pressure receiving structure, when a plurality of pressure receiving plates are stacked to form the pressure receiving structure, the through holes provided in the center of the pressure receiving plate are displaced from each other, or the pressure receiving plate is unexpectedly surrounded. It turns in the direction and the front and rear, right and left directions become inconsistent, and it is difficult to assemble the pressure receiving structure with high accuracy. Therefore, after adjusting the pressure-receiving plates while adjusting the through-holes so that they coincide with each other on the same center line and aligning the front-rear and left-right directions, the bolts inserted in the four sides of these pressure-receiving plates are inserted. Insert a bolt into the hole and fix it with a nut, etc. to maintain the laminated form, and then insert the center through hole of this pressure receiving structure into an anchor member such as a lock bolt that is driven in the slope However, there is a problem in that the pressure receiving structure is installed on the slope, and a great deal of time and labor is required for the installation work.

  Furthermore, during installation, the lower surface of the pressure receiving structure is pressed against the slope by screwing a fastening member (nut) onto the upper end portion of the anchor member inserted through the central through hole of the pressure receiving structure. When assembled so that the pressure in the pulling direction of the anchor member acting on the lower surface of the pressure receiving structure (hereinafter referred to as earth pressure) is supported by the tensile force of the anchor member, the center of the lower surface of the pressure receiving structure in the anchor member peripheral portion Then, even if the earth pressure acting on the lower surface is large, it can be pressed against the slope with a predetermined pressing force. However, the outer peripheral portion of the lower surface of the pressure receiving structure is pressed against the slope. There is a risk that the lowermost pressure receiving plate is bent in the direction of warping while slipping on the overlapping surface with the upper pressure receiving plate due to earth pressure from the slope side, and cracks and the like may be broken If there Situation it becomes impossible to prevent the collapse or the like of the slope by the pressing force becomes weak occurs against Homen on. For this reason, it is necessary to integrate a plurality of pressure receiving plates with an adhesive or to firmly bond the four sides with bolts and nuts as described above.

  In addition, a nut as a fastening member is screwed to the upper end portion of the anchor member protruding from the center through-hole of the pressure receiving structure through a washer. However, since these are easily corroded, the pressure receiving structure is an anticorrosion measure. A cap is attached to the center of the upper surface of the anchor member, and the cap member covers the upper end of the anchor member. At this time, since the upper surface of the pressure receiving structure is formed as a flat surface over the entire surface, the height of the cap body protruding from the flat surface increases, and usually reaches a protruding length of 20 cm to 30 cm.

  In this way, if the protruding length of the cap body from the upper surface of the pressure receiving structure is large, the cap is likely to be damaged due to falling rocks, snow, etc., and when the pressure receiving structure is installed on the slope contacting the road May interfere with traffic or cause injury.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to easily and accurately stack the pressure receiving plates so that the installation work on the slope can be performed efficiently and the entire lower surface is made a slope. It can be pressed evenly and with a large pressing force to prevent the slope from collapsing, etc.Furthermore, the protruding length of the upper end of the anchor member from the uppermost pressure receiving plate can be shortened. An object of the present invention is to provide a pressure receiving structure that can be safely covered with a low cap.

  In order to achieve the above object, the pressure receiving structure of the present invention is a pressure receiving structure formed by laminating pressure receiving plates as described in claim 1, wherein the pressure receiving plate arranged on the lower side is a central portion of the upper surface thereof. And a through hole through which the anchor member is inserted is formed in the center of the recess, and the pressure receiving plate disposed on the upper side is fitted into the recess of the lower pressure receiving plate at the center of the lower surface. A polygonal convex portion is provided, and a through-hole through which the anchor member is inserted is formed in the center of the convex portion.

  In the pressure receiving structure configured as described above, in the invention according to claim 2, the entire lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate installed on the slope is formed as a flat slope pressing surface, while the upper surface of the upper pressure receiving plate is formed. A concave portion having the same size and the same shape as the polygonal concave portion provided in the central portion of the upper surface of the lower pressure receiving plate is provided in the central portion, and the concave portion is covered with a cap body.

  Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that an intermediate pressure receiving plate having the same structure and the same structure as the upper pressure receiving plate is interposed between the lower pressure receiving plate and the upper pressure receiving plate.

  In the invention according to claim 4, the pressure receiving plate is formed in a plane cross shape symmetrical in the front, rear, left and right directions by the central pressure receiving plate portion and the outer pressure receiving plate portion having the same shape extending from the front, rear, left and right of the central pressure receiving plate portion. In addition, the planar shape of the concavo-convex portion provided in the center portion of the upper and lower surfaces is formed into a symmetrical square in the front-rear and left-right directions, and the four-sided circumferential wall surface of the concavo-convex portion is formed on an inclined wall surface. It is characterized by.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 5, the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate is provided with a groove for arranging a wire that opens in the front, rear, left and right end surfaces of the lower pressure receiving plate from the center through hole in the front and rear left and right directions. It is characterized by that.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pressure receiving structure is provided with a polygonal recess at the center of the upper surface, and a lower pressure receiving plate having a through hole through which the anchor member is inserted at the center of the recess. And an upper pressure receiving plate provided with a polygonal convex portion that fits into the concave portion of the lower pressure receiving plate at the center of the lower surface and having a through hole through which an anchor member is inserted at the center of the convex portion. As a result, it is easy to carry in and handle on site, and the center through-hole of the upper and lower pressure receiving plates is inserted into the upper part of the anchor member that is placed and fixed on the slope and protrudes from the slope. When the pressure receiving structure is formed by stacking on the slope, the polygonal convex portion provided on the lower surface of the upper pressure receiving plate is fitted into the polygonal concave portion provided on the upper surface of the lower pressure receiving plate. The center through holes of the upper and lower pressure plates It can be automatically matched on the same axis, and the upper and lower pressure-receiving plates can be easily and accurately stacked on the slope without being shifted back and forth and left and right. Installation and construction of the pressure receiving structure can be performed efficiently.

  Furthermore, in the state where the pressure receiving structure is fixed and installed on the slope by screwing the fastening member to the upper end of the anchor member protruding from the upper pressure plate, the bottom is pressed against the slope. The outer pressure of the lower pressure plate will bend in the direction in which the outer periphery of the lower pressure plate warps around the anchor member due to the earth pressure that depends on the pulling direction of the anchor member as the reaction force of the pressing force from the slope side to the lower surface of the side pressure plate However, since the polygonal convex portion provided in the lower surface central portion of the upper pressure receiving plate and the polygonal concave portion provided in the upper surface central portion of the lower pressure receiving plate are fitted, these concave and convex portions The earth pressure acting on the warping up direction is received by the circumferential wall surfaces that are in close contact with each other, and the earth pressure can be uniformly distributed over the entire pressure receiving plate laminated, that is, the entire pressure receiving structure. Do not cause cracks or other damage to the plate. The lower the pressure receiving plate the entire lower surface of the uniform pressing force has to slope the pressed slope of landslides and collapse like a can be reliably prevented.

  In addition, according to the invention according to claim 2, since the entire lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate installed on the slope is formed as a flat slope pressing surface, the slope is evenly distributed by the slope pressing surface. Polygonal recesses provided at the center of the upper surface of the upper pressure plate stacked on the lower pressure plate and at the center of the upper surface of the lower pressure plate. Since the concave portion of the same size and shape is provided, the protruding length of the upper end portion of the anchor member exposed to the outside from the upper pressure receiving plate can be shortened by a length corresponding to the depth of the concave portion. The upper end protruding part of the anchor member can be covered with a cap body having a low height, so that the cap can be prevented from being damaged as much as possible by falling rocks and snow, etc. Can be prevented.

  According to the invention of claim 3, an intermediate pressure receiving plate having the same size and shape as the upper pressure receiving plate is interposed between the lower pressure receiving plate and the upper pressure receiving plate. A large pressure receiving member having a desired thickness capable of uniformly receiving earth pressure from the slope surface by fitting polygonal uneven portions onto the lower pressure receiving plate that is in pressure contact with the surface. A structure can be formed.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the pressure receiving plate is formed in a plane cross shape symmetrical in the front / rear / left / right direction by the central pressure receiving plate portion and the outer pressure receiving plate portion having the same shape extending from the front / rear / left / right of the central pressure receiving plate portion. In addition, the planar shape of the concavo-convex portions provided in the center portion of the upper and lower surfaces is formed in a symmetrical square in the front-rear and left-right directions, so check the orientation of the plurality of pressure receiving plates in the front-rear direction All the pressure receiving plates are oriented in a predetermined direction by simply inserting the center through-holes sequentially into the anchor member and fitting the square uneven portions provided on the upper and lower opposing surfaces. It is possible to stack accurately and easily on the state, and the construction work of the pressure receiving structure can be performed efficiently.

  In addition, since the four-side circumferential wall surfaces of the square-shaped uneven portions of the pressure receiving plates that are stacked one on top of the other are formed on the inclined wall surfaces, the inclined wall surfaces are the front and rear surfaces of the lower pressure receiving plate installed on the slope. The outer pressure plate acting directly on the lower surface of the left and right outer pressure plate portions directly opposes the pressure acting on the outer side of the outer pressure plate portions in the direction of warping and can firmly receive the pressure. The earth pressure can be received by the laminated pressure receiving plates as a whole, and the landslide and collapse of the slope can be surely prevented.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the groove for wire arrangement that opens to the front, rear, left, and right end surfaces of the lower pressure receiving plate is recessed in the front, rear, left and right directions from the center through hole on the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate. As a result, the anchor member heads fixing the pressure receiving structures installed at predetermined intervals on the slope are connected by wires through the wire arrangement grooves, so that the anchor member acts in the anchor member pulling direction. The earth pressure can be evenly shared, and the wire arrangement groove is provided on the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate of the pressure receiving structure, so that the wire adhesion without impairing the slope adhesion of the lower pressure receiving plate In addition, the wire can be stretched in such a way as to be laid on the slope, so that it is possible to prevent a walking obstacle such as being caught by the wire and damage of the wire due to falling objects.

The disassembled perspective view of this invention pressure receiving structure. The perspective view which shows a lamination state. The perspective view which made the lower surface of the upper side pressure receiving plate upward. The vertical side view of the pressure receiving structure installed in the slope. The top view of the upper pressure receiving plate. The perspective view of the state which installed the several pressure receiving structure in the slope. The perspective view which carried out the cross section of the part which shows the arrangement | positioning state of the connection wire in the part. The longitudinal section front view which shows the installation state of the pressure receiving structure which consists of two upper and lower pressure receiving plates.

  A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. A pressure receiving structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes an upper pressure receiving plate 1, a lower pressure receiving plate 2 installed on a slope, and upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1, The intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 is interposed between the two.

  The upper pressure-receiving plate 1 and the intermediate pressure-receiving plate 3 are formed in the same structure with the same size and shape. The upper pressure-receiving plate 1 and the intermediate pressure-receiving plate 3 have a polygonal shape in plan view. Convex portions 4a and 4b having a square shape and the same size are provided respectively, and planar square-shaped convex portions 5a and 5b of a size that can be fitted to the concave portions 4a and 4b are provided in the center of the lower surface. Furthermore, through holes 6a and 6b through which anchor members 12 to be described later are inserted through the center of these concave and convex portions are respectively provided between the upper surfaces of the concave portions 4a and 4b and the lower surfaces of the convex portions 5a and 5b. .

  On the other hand, the lower pressure receiving plate 2 has a planar shape that is the same size and shape as the upper pressure receiving plate 1 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3, and the upper pressure receiving plate 1 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 at the center of the upper surface. A concave portion 4c having the same size and shape as the concave portions 4a and 4b provided on the upper surface of the flat surface and capable of fitting with the protruding portions 5a and 5b, and a central portion of the concave portion 4c from the upper surface to the lower surface. A through-hole 6c penetrating therethrough is provided, but the lower surface is not provided with the convex portions 5a and 5b as described above, but is formed on the flat slope pressing surface 7 over the entire surface.

  The upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1 and 2 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 are resin molded products made of fiber reinforced resin or the like, and are formed to have the same thickness and on the outer periphery of the pressure receiving plate around the recesses 4a to 4c. A plurality of through-holes 8 penetrating between the lower surfaces, ribs (not shown), and the like are provided to reduce weight and reduce material costs. The through hole 8 can be used for vegetation.

  The specific shapes of the upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1 and 2 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 are such that the central pressure receiving plate portion is symmetrical in the front, rear, left and right with the central portion provided with the recesses 4a to 4c centered on the through holes 6a to 6c. The outer pressure receiving plate portions 1b to 1e, 2b to 2e, 3b to 3e having the same shape (rectangular shape in the figure) from the front, rear, left and right of these central pressure receiving plate portions 1a to 3a are formed on 1a to 3a Are formed in a plane cross shape that is symmetrical in the front-rear and left-right directions.

  Further, the planar square-shaped recesses 4a to 4c provided at the center of the upper surface of the upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1 and 2 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 are arranged on the four rectangular walls on the rectangular outer front and rear left and right pressure receiving plate portions. 1b to 1e, 2b to 2e, 3b to 3e are provided on the front, rear, left and right so as to be parallel to the outer end surfaces, and the bottom surface is formed as a shallow flat surface. The four wall surfaces from the sides are formed as inclined wall surfaces 4a1 to 4c1 inclined outward so that the recesses 4a to 4c gradually expand.

  Similarly, the planar square-shaped convex portions 5a and 5b provided at the center of the lower surface of the upper pressure receiving plate 1 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 are pressure receiving with their four wall surfaces arranged downward as shown in FIG. Formed on the front, back, left and right inclined wall surfaces 5a1 and 5b1 that can be in close contact with the four wall surfaces of the concave portion of the plate, and the top surface is in contact with the bottom surface of the concave portion of the pressure receiving plate disposed on the lower side, or a slight gap is formed. And are formed on opposing flat surfaces.

  The lower pressure receiving plate 2 communicates with the lower surface of the lower through pressure receiving plate 2 from the lower opening end of the central through hole 6c to the outer end surfaces of the four outer side pressure receiving plate portions 3b to 3e. The wire-arrangement grooves 9 are radially recessed in four directions with the through-hole 6c at the center. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer end surfaces of the outer pressure plate portions 1b to 1e and 2b to 2e are formed on the lower surface of the upper pressure plate 1 and the lower surface of the intermediate pressure plate 3 from the convex portions 5a and 5b in four directions. The wire disposition grooves 9a and 9b that are open to each other may be recessed radially.

  In order to construct the pressure receiving structure composed of the upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1 and 2 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 on the slope 10, first, a vertical and horizontal excavation hole 11 having a depth reaching the supporting ground is formed on the slope 10. After drilling at predetermined intervals, anchor members 12 made of lock bolts are inserted into these excavation holes 11, and their upper ends protrude from the slope 10 by a predetermined length. Then, the grouting material 13 such as cement is filled in the excavation hole 11, and by hardening the grouting material 13, the anchor member 12 is firmly fixed and supported on the supporting ground.

  Thereafter, the lower pressure receiving plate 2 is placed on the slope 10 by guiding and lowering the anchor member 12 while the anchor member 12 is inserted through the central through hole 6c. Prior to the installation of the lower pressure receiving plate 2, the upper end portions of the adjacent anchor members 12 and 12 are connected by a wire 14 arranged so as to lie over the slope 10, and the lower pressure receiving plate 2 is connected. When installing 2, the wire 14 is housed in the wire arrangement groove 9 provided on the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate 2.

  Next, the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 is lowered while guiding the anchor member 12 while the anchor member 12 is inserted through the center through hole 6b, and the lower pressure receiving plate 2 is provided with a convex portion 5b protruding from the center of the lower surface. It is laminated on the lower pressure receiving plate 2 by fitting it into a recess 4c that is recessed in the center of the upper surface. At this time, these concavo-convex portions 4c, 5b are formed in a square concavo-convex portion in which the through holes 6b, 6c are formed in the central portion thereof, and the outer side pressure receiving plate portions 2b-2e are formed on the four side walls. 3b to 3e, when the intermediate pressure plate 3 is installed, the intermediate pressure plate 3 is not directed to the front, rear, left and right directions of the lower pressure plate 2 while the intermediate pressure plate 3 is oriented. Is lowered along the anchor member 12 and superimposed on the lower pressure receiving plate 2, and the intermediate pressure receiving plate is placed on the lower pressure receiving plate 2 simply by fitting the concave and convex portions 4c and 5b provided on these opposing surfaces. 3 can be laminated easily and accurately.

  Similarly, the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 is provided with a convex portion 5a projecting at the center of the lower surface of the upper pressure receiving plate 1 while the anchor member 12 is guided and lowered while the anchor member 12 is inserted through the central through hole 6a. The pressure receiving structure is configured by stacking by fitting into a recess 4b that is recessed in the center of the upper surface.

  Thereafter, a washer 15 is inserted into the upper end portion of the anchor member 12 projecting from the central through hole 6a of the upper pressure receiving plate 1, and this washer 15 is disposed on the bottom surface of the recess 4a and the upper end of the anchor member 12 is inserted. The fastening member 16 made of a nut is screwed onto the screw part and the pressure receiving structure is fastened via the washer 15 to press the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate 2 against the slope 10 and from the slope 10 side to the lower side. The earth pressure acting on the lower surface of the pressure receiving plate 2 is received by the tensile force of the anchor member 12 through the pressure receiving structure to prevent the slope 10 from collapsing.

  Since the anchor member 12 protrudes upward from a through hole 6a provided at the center of the recess 4a of the upper pressure receiving plate 1, the anchor member 12 protrudes from the upper surface of the upper pressure receiving plate 1 around the recess 4a. The length is shortened by a length corresponding to the depth of the recess 4a. Therefore, the height of the cover 17 covering the upper end of the anchor member 12 can be kept low. This cover 17 is formed in a flat truncated quadrangular pyramid having a low height, and a flange portion 17a provided on the peripheral edge of the four sides is applied to the peripheral edge portion of the opening end of the concave portion 4a and attached by screws or the like. .

  The wire 14 that connects adjacent pressure receiving structures while being laid on the slope 10 is laid on the slope 10 and fixed by anchor pins 18 or the like, as shown in FIGS. The center portion of the lower surface of the prepared frame member 19 is covered with a wire covering groove 20 provided over the entire length.

  The pressure receiving structure configured as described above is formed by a laminated body of the upper and lower pressure receiving structures 1 and 2 and the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3, and a single intermediate pressure receiving plate 3 is interposed between the upper and lower pressure receiving plates 1 and 2. However, two or more intermediate pressure receiving plates 3 may be interposed to form a pressure receiving structure with higher strength, and as shown in FIG. 8, the upper and lower pressure receiving plates are not used without using the intermediate pressure receiving plate 3. The pressure receiving structure may be configured by superimposing one or two. Since the laminated structure of these upper and lower pressure-receiving plates 1 and 2 is the same as the above-mentioned three-layer laminated structure, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts and detailed description is omitted.

1 Upper pressure plate 2 Lower pressure plate 3 Intermediate pressure plate
4a to 4c recess
5a, 5b Convex part
6a to 6c Through hole 9 Wire installation groove
10 Slope
12 Anchor member
14 wire
17 Cover

Claims (4)

In the pressure receiving structure formed by laminating pressure receiving plates, the pressure receiving plate arranged on the lower side has a polygonal concave portion at the center of the upper surface and a through hole through which the anchor member is inserted at the center of the concave portion. The upper pressure receiving plate is provided with a polygonal convex portion that fits into the concave portion of the lower pressure receiving plate at the lower center portion of the pressure receiving plate, and at the upper surface central portion of the lower pressure receiving plate. A concave portion having the same size and shape as the polygonal concave portion provided is provided, and a through-hole through which the anchor member is inserted is formed at the center of the concave and convex portions . Further, the lower pressure receiving plate and the upper pressure receiving plate are provided. An intermediate pressure receiving plate having the same structure and shape as the upper pressure receiving plate is interposed between the plate and the pressure receiving structure. Receiving structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the entire lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate is formed into a flat slope pressing surface to be installed on a slope. The pressure-receiving plate is formed in a plane cross shape symmetrical in the front-rear and left-right directions by the central pressure-receiving plate portion and the same-shaped outer pressure-receiving plate portion extending from the front, rear, left, and right sides of the central pressure-receiving plate portion, and provided in the center portion on the upper surface. The concave shape of the concave portion is formed into a symmetrical square in the front / rear and left / right directions, and the four-sided circumferential wall of the concave portion and the four-sided circumferential wall of the convex portion that can be fitted into the recessed portion are formed on the inclined wall surface. The pressure receiving structure according to claim 1, wherein   2. The connecting wire disposition groove that opens in the front, rear, left, and right end surfaces of the lower pressure receiving plate from the center through hole in the front, rear, left, and right directions is recessed in the lower surface of the lower pressure receiving plate. Pressure receiving structure.

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