JP6214048B2 - Multi-electrode welding torch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes on one torch.

  In the conventional plasma arc welding with one torch, if the speed of keyhole welding is increased, the bead shape is a convex shape with a raised center part and an undercut with a lowered edge part, which makes it difficult to increase the speed. Although there is a one-pool speedup with two torches, torches must be tilted greatly to make a one-pool, and the arc is easily disturbed and unstable due to the attracting arc force and magnetic blown by tilting.

  In order to improve this, the present applicant forms a plasma arc formed by two or three non-consumable electrodes by forming two or three nozzles in one insert tip and an electrode arrangement space communicating with each nozzle. Provided a plasma torch that simultaneously welds a plurality of points on the workpiece (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Patent Document 2 also presented a three-electrode torch that simultaneously performs plasma welding and TIG welding, in which a plasma arc is generated with two non-consumable electrodes and a TIG arc is generated with one non-consumable electrode. Patent Document 3 presented a plasma torch in which two nozzle members are detachably mounted on one insert chip. These multi-electrode torches have two or three electrode arrangement spaces and two or a plurality of electrode arrangement spaces that are distributed on the same diameter line, communicate with each electrode arrangement space, and open opposite to the welding line parallel to the diameter line. An insert tip including three nozzles, and a plasma torch or a plasma / TIG hybrid torch equipped with the tip and having each non-consumable electrode inserted in each electrode arrangement space.

  According to these welding torches provided with a plurality of electrodes, it is possible to perform welding of one pool plural arcs, in which one molten pool is formed by plural arcs. Since the cross section of the plasma arc is a heat source that is long and thin in the welding progress direction (y), the bead width (x direction) with respect to the amount of heat is kept narrow, and hot cracking does not occur even if the speed is increased. Moreover, a front bead can be made flat by setting it as one pool multiple arc. Since the arc interval in the welding progress direction is narrow, welding with a short welding length (base material: material to be welded) can be performed in the same pass, and the speed can be increased. Further, since the arc interval is narrow, the succeeding arc heats the molten pool by the preceding arc, so that the succeeding welding with low heat input is possible.

JP2011-50982A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-224587 JP 2012-157868 A

  However, in the welding torch having a plurality of electrodes, the first tip base (2a) and the second tip base (2b) are integrated and electrically at the same potential in the above-described simultaneous welding at a plurality of short distances by a plurality of arcs. Since the first nozzle member (7a) and the second nozzle member (7b) are also at the same potential, a phenomenon occurs in which the leading arc current that temporarily flows through the first nozzle member (7a) at the arc start portion increases. Wide beads or bead burnout may occur.

  This is because the voltage of the trailing arc becomes 2 to 4 V higher than the voltage of the leading arc at the moment when the trailing arc is generated in a state where the leading arc is generated (while rising from the ignition current to the welding current). This is because the trailing arc current is reduced by about 20 to 30 A due to this difference, and that amount is added to the preceding arc current. When the trailing arc current becomes a steady current, the preceding arc and the trailing arc have almost the same voltage, and this phenomenon disappears.

  An object of the present invention is to prevent bead defects at the start and end of welding in a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes.

(1) A substantially flat insulating member (1a, 1b) extending parallel to the central axis of the torch;
A first chip base (2a) and a second chip base (2b), each having an electrode storage space and a nozzle connected to the electrode storage space, facing each other between the insulating members;
A first non-consumable electrode (12a) and a second non-consumable electrode (12b) that have entered the electrode housing space of each chip base: and
It said insulating member (1a, 1b) first chip substrate across the (2a) and a second chip substrate (2b) you integrally supported together with the insulating member the frame member (18):
A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes.

  In addition, in order to facilitate understanding, in parentheses, the correspondence of the examples shown in the drawings and described later, or the symbols or corresponding matters of corresponding elements are added for reference. The same applies to the following.

  In the present invention, the current leakage from the ignition (arc generation) electrode to the fire extinguishing (arc non-generation) electrode through one chip base with a plurality of nozzles open is divided into the insulating member (1a , 1b), since they are insulated from each other, it is possible to prevent a bead failure at the start and end of welding.

(1a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a plasma torch which is a first embodiment of a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes of the present invention, (1b) is a plan view of the upper end of the welding torch, and (1c) is a bottom view of the lower end. . (2a) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 2A-2A line of (1b) of FIG. 1, (2b) is the 2B-2B sectional view of a line. (3a) is a front view of the first head Ha shown in FIG. 1, and (3b) is a front view of the second head Hb. (4a1) is an enlarged sectional view of the first chip base 2a shown in (1a) of FIG. 1, (4a2) is an enlarged plan view, (4a3) is an enlarged bottom view, and (4a4) is 4A4-4A4 of (4a2). It is line sectional drawing. (4a5) is a right side view of (4a1), and (4a6) is a left side view of (4a1). (5a1) is an enlarged sectional view of the first insulating block 9a shown in (1a) of FIG. 1, (5a2) is an enlarged plan view, and (5b1) is an enlarged sectional view of the first nozzle member 7a shown in (1a) of FIG. Fig. 5B2 is an enlarged bottom view. (5c1) is a plan view of the inter-electrode-base insulating plate 1b shown in (1a) of FIG. 1, and (5c2) is a left side view. (5d1) is a plan view of the inter-chip insulating plate 1a shown in (1a) of FIG. 1, and (5d2) is a left side view. (5e1) is a plan view of the frame 18 shown in (1a) of FIG. 1, (5e2) is a longitudinal sectional view, and (5e3) is a transverse sectional view. (6a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing one usage mode in which the second head Hb shown in (1a) of FIG. 1 and (3a) of FIG. 3 is installed left-right reversed, and (6b) is left-right reversed of the first head Ha. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another usage condition equipped as a. (7a) is a longitudinal sectional view of a plasma torch according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and (7b) is a plan view of the upper end of the welding torch. (8a) is the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 8A-8A line of (7b) of FIG. 7, (8b) is the 8B-8B sectional view taken on the line. (9a) is a front view of the first head Ha shown in FIG. 7, and (9b) is a front view of the second head Hb. (10a1) is an enlarged sectional view of the first chip base 2a shown in (7a) of FIG. 7, (10a2) is an enlarged plan view, (10a3) is an enlarged bottom view, and (10a4) is 10A4-10A4 of (10a2). It is line sectional drawing. (10b1) is an enlarged sectional view of the second chip base 2b shown in (7a) of FIG. 7, (10b2) is an enlarged plan view, (10b3) is an enlarged bottom view, and (10b4) is a line 10B4-10B4 of (10b2). It is sectional drawing. (11a1) is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the first insulating block 9a shown in (7a) of FIG. 7, (11a2) is an enlarged plan view, and (11c1) is a plane of the inter-electrode-insulating plate 1b shown in (7a) of FIG. FIG. 11C2 is a left side view. (11d1) is a plan view of the inter-chip insulating plate 1a shown in (7a) of FIG. 7, and (11d2) is a left side view. (11e1) is a plan view of the frame 18 shown in (7a) of FIG. 7, (11e2) is a longitudinal sectional view, and (11e3) is a transverse sectional view. (12a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing one usage mode in which the first head Ha shown in (7a) of FIG. 7 and (9a) of FIG. 9 is installed horizontally reversed, and (12b) is also horizontally reversed of the second head Hb. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another usage condition equipped as a. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the plasma torch which is 3rd Example of this invention. FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view of the first head Ha shown in FIG. 13 orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 13. (15a1) is an enlarged sectional view of the first chip base 2a shown in FIG. 13, (15a2) is an enlarged plan view, (15a3) is an enlarged bottom view, and (15a4) is a sectional view taken along the line 15A4-15A4 of (15a2). is there. (15b1) is an enlarged sectional view of the second chip substrate 2b shown in FIG. 13, (15b2) is an enlarged plan view, (15b3) is an enlarged bottom view, and (15b4) is a sectional view taken along the line 15B4-15B4 of (15b2). . (16a1) is a longitudinal sectional view of the power supply base 28a shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, (16a2) is a plan view, (16a3) is a sectional view taken along the line 16A3-16A3 of (16a2), and (16c1) is an electrode shown in FIG. A plan view of the inter-board insulating plate 1b, (16c2) is a left side view. (16d1) is a plan view of the inter-chip insulating plate 1a shown in FIG. 13, and (16d2) is a left side view. (17a) is a longitudinal sectional view showing one usage mode in which the first head Ha shown in FIG. 13 is installed by being reversed left and right, and (17b) is another usage mode in which the second head Hb is also installed by being reversed left and right. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

  (2) On the surfaces of the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) facing the insulating member (1a), flow grooves (29a, 29b) for flowing shield gas along the side of the chip base to the tip of the torch The welding torch (FIG. 3) provided with a plurality of electrodes according to (1) above.

  According to this, since the shielding gas flows down the flow grooves (29a, 29b) serving as the gap between the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) and the ionizing gas is blown off, the first and second chip bases ( 2a, 2b) Highly insulating and separating function, from the plasma arc generating electrode (ignition electrode) through the first and second tip bases (2a, 2b) to directly below the plasma arc non-generating electrode (extinguishing electrode) Highly effective in blocking current leakage.

  (3) On the side surfaces of the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) facing the frame body (18), flow grooves (29c, 29d) for flowing a shield gas along the side surfaces of the chip base to the tip of the torch A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to (1) or (2) above (FIG. 3).

  According to this, since the shielding gas flows down the flow grooves (29c, 29d) on the side surfaces of the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b), the shielding effect of the torch head portion is high.

  (4) A plurality of electrodes according to (1) above, wherein a flow groove (1c) is provided on the surface of the insulating member (1a) facing the chip substrate to flow shield gas along the side surface of the chip substrate to the tip of the torch. A welding torch ((11d1) in FIG. 11).

  According to this, since the shielding gas flows down the gap between the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) and the ionizing gas is blown off, the insulation separation function between the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) is provided. It is highly effective in blocking current leakage from the plasma arc generating electrode (ignition electrode) directly below the plasma arc non-generating electrode (extinguishing electrode) via the first and second chip substrates (2a, 2b).

  (5) On the inner surface of the frame (18) in contact with the side surfaces of the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b), a number of grooves (19 ), A welding torch according to (1) or (2) above, comprising a plurality of electrodes ((11e1) in FIG. 11).

  (6) The first non-consumable electrode (12a) penetrates the first electrode base (11a), the first insulating block (9a) and the first chip base (2a) in this order; the second non-consumable electrode (12b) Passes through the second electrode base (11b), the second insulating block (9b) and the second chip base (2b) in this order; the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) pass through the frame (18 ) Was screwed (26); a welding torch ((2a) in FIG. 2) comprising a plurality of electrodes as described in (1) above.

  (7) The first and second insulating blocks (9a, 9b) are screwed (23) to the torch outer cylinder (20); the first and second electrode bases (11a, 11b) and the first and second insulating blocks By tightening screws (24, 25) that pass through (9a, 9b) and screw into the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b), the first electrode base (11a), the first insulating block (9a) and The first chip base (2a) is fixed integrally, and the second electrode base (11b), the second insulating block (9b), and the second chip base (2b) are fixed integrally; The welding torch having a plurality of electrodes as described ((1b) in FIG. 1, (2a) in FIG. 2).

  (8) A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to the above (1), comprising: a fixture (22a, 22b) that removably couples the frame (18) to the tip of the torch outer cylinder (20) (FIG. 7 (7a), FIG. 13).

  (9) A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to (1) above, wherein the tip of the first chip base (2a) protrudes in a direction protruding from the tip of the torch rather than the tip of the second chip base (2b). (1a) in FIG. 1, (7a) in FIG. 7, and FIG. 13).

  According to this, the first chip base (2a) and the first non-consumable electrode (12a) are mainly welded to the first head (Ha), and the second chip base (2b) and the second non-consumable electrode are used. The second head (Hb) having (12b) as the main element is set to follow welding, and a virtual line connecting the tips of the first and second tip bases (2a, 2b) is the surface of the material to be welded (base material). By setting the torch posture so as to be parallel to the welding torch, the welding torch has an advancing angle inclined in the trailing direction. The distance between the leading nozzle (8a) and the trailing nozzle (8b) and the base material is equal, and the distance (the distance of the torch with respect to the base material) can be easily set.

  (10) A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to (9) above, wherein the length of the first tip base (2a) in the torch axial direction is longer than that of the second tip base (2b).

  When the upper ends of the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) in the torch outer cylinder (20) are set at the same position, the tip of the first chip base (2a) is more than the tip of the second chip base (2b). Since it protrudes in the direction protruding from the tip of the torch, the welding torch has an advancing angle inclined in the following direction, and the distance between the preceding nozzle (8a) and the following nozzle (8b) and the base material can be easily set equal.

  (11) The first chip base body (2a) and the second chip base body (2b) are a cap portion in which the nozzles (8a, 8b) are opened in the center, a trunk portion continuous with the cap portion, and an inner space of the trunk portion. The welding torch ((1a) in FIG. 1, (1) in FIG. 7) including a plurality of electrodes, including the first nozzle member (7a) and the second nozzle member (7b) having the electrode housing space. 7a), FIG. 13).

  When the nozzle portion at the lower end of the nozzle member is deformed or damaged by high heat, the nozzle member can be replaced with a new one, and the chip base can be used as it is, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

  (12) The trunk portion has male threads (30a, 30b), and the cap portions (7a, 7b) of the nozzle members are screwed into the female screw holes of the chip base (2a, 2b) by screwing the nozzle members (7a, 7b). Was welded to the tip surface of the chip base (2a, 2b); a welding torch ((1a) in FIG. 1, (7a) in FIG. 7) having a plurality of electrodes as described in (11) above.

  (13) There are male screws (30a, 30b) in the trunk portion, and the cap portions (7a, 7b) of the nozzle member are moved into the tip base (2a, 27b) by tightening the cap nuts (27a, 27b) to be screwed into the male screws. A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes as described in (11) above (FIGS. 13 and 14).

  (14) The downward tapered surface of the cap portion (7a, 7b) has a grip groove (31a, 31b) for fixing and holding the cap portion (7a, 7b) to prevent slipping; Or the welding torch ((1c) of FIG. 1, (5b1, 5b2) of FIG. 5) provided with the several electrode as described in (13).

  (15) The inner space of the frame (18) for accommodating the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) has a quadrangular cross section, and the first and second chip bases (2a, 2b) Is a welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to (1) above, wherein the part housed in the frame (18) is a quadrangular prism.

  (16) A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to (15) above, wherein the first nozzle (8a) is located at a position displaced in the welding direction from the central axis of the first chip base (2a) parallel to the central axis of the torch. .

  According to this, the distance between the first and second nozzles (7a, 7b) is changed by turning the first chip base (2a) by 180 ° about the central axis, that is, by reversing the left and right. One of two types of nozzle spacing can be selected.

  (17) The plurality of electrodes according to (15) or (16), wherein the second nozzle (8b) is located at a position displaced in the welding direction from the substrate central axis parallel to the torch central axis of the second chip substrate (2b). Welding torch with.

  According to this, the distance between the first and second nozzles (7a, 7b) is changed by turning the second chip base (2b) by 180 ° about the central axis, that is, by inverting the left and right. One of two types of nozzle spacing can be selected. In an embodiment in which the first nozzle (8a) is located at a position displaced in the welding direction from the base axis of the first tip base (2a) parallel to the central axis of the torch, one of three types of nozzle intervals can be selected.

  Other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the drawings.

-1st Example (FIGS. 1-6)-
FIG. 1 (1a) shows a longitudinal section of a plasma torch which is an embodiment of a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 (1b) shows an outer cylinder 20 of the welding torch shown in (1a). The inside is shown looking down from above. The plasma torch shown in FIG. 1 has a form for performing plasma welding. The chip base of this plasma torch is divided into a first chip base 2a and a second chip base 2b, and there is a heat-resistant interchip insulating plate 1a between them. In the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b, the parts housed in the rectangular frame 18 corresponding to the lower part of the torch outer cylinder 20 are quadrangular prisms. The first chip base 2 a is fixed to the lower part of the first insulating block 9 a inside the torch outer cylinder 20. A first electrode base 11a is fixed to the upper part of the first insulating block 9a. Similarly, the second chip base 2b is fixed to the lower part of the second insulating block 9b. A second electrode base 11b is fixed to the upper part of the second insulating block 9b. There is an inter-electrode insulating plate 1b between the first and second insulating blocks 9a and 9b and between the first and second electrode bases 11a and 11b.

  A first nozzle member 7a and a second nozzle member 7b are mounted on each chip base 2a and 2b by screwing the male screw at the upper end into the female screw hole at the upper end of each chip base 2a and 2b from below. . The first and second nozzle members 7a and 7b have a cap portion where the nozzles 8a and 8b are opened at the center, a trunk portion that continues to the cap portion, and an electrode storage space that is an internal space of the trunk portion. There are male screws 30a and 30b at the trunk, and the cap portions 7a and 7b of the nozzle member are pressed against the tip surfaces of the chip bases 2a and 2b by screwing the nozzle member into the female screw holes of the nozzle bases 2a and 2b. On the downwardly tapered surfaces of the cap portions 7a and 7b, there are grip grooves 31a and 31b for preventing the slip by holding the cap portions 7a and 7b with a tool such as a spanner or pliers.

  First and second tungsten electrodes (non-consumable electrodes) 12a positioned by the first and second centering stones 10a and 10b in the electrode housing space which is the inner space of the nozzle members 7a and 7b of the chip bases 2a and 2b. , 12b enter and face the nozzles 8a, 8b of the nozzle bases 2a, 2b.

  The first tungsten electrode 12a passes through the first electrode base 11a, the first insulating block 9a, and the first chip base 2a in this order, and the second tungsten electrode 12b includes the second electrode base 11b, the second insulating block 9b, and the first chip base 2a. The two-chip base is penetrated in this order, and is electrically connected and fixed to the first electrode base 11a and the second electrode base 11b, respectively.

  The frame 18 is fixed to the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b with screws 26 ((2a) in FIG. 2). The first and second insulating blocks 9, 9b are fixed to the torch outer cylinder 20 with screws 23 and pass through the first and second electrode blocks 11a, 11b and the first and second insulating blocks 9a, 9b. The first electrode base 11a, the first insulating block 9a, and the first chip base 2a are integrally fixed together by tightening the screws 24 and 25 that are screwed into the two-chip bases 2a and 2b. The two insulating blocks 9b and the second chip base 2b are integrally fixed ((1b) in FIG. 1, (2a) in FIG. 2).

  A first pilot gas pipe 14a, a first shield gas pipe 15a, a first water injection pipe 16a, and a first water distribution pipe 17a covering the first tungsten electrode 12a are connected to the first electrode base 11a. Similarly, a second pilot gas pipe 14b, a second shield gas pipe 15b, a second water injection pipe 16b, and a second water distribution pipe 17b covering the second tungsten electrode 12b are connected to the second electrode base 11b.

  (5a1) in FIG. 5 shows the upper end surface of the first insulating block 9a, and (5a2) shows a central longitudinal section. The second insulating block 9b has the same shape as the first insulating block 9a. As shown in FIG. 2 (2a), the first tungsten electrode 12a is fixed to the first electrode base 11a by pressing the first tungsten electrode 12a against the wall surface of the first electrode base 11a with the first electrode fixing screw 13a. Are electrically connected. The second tungsten electrode 12b is also fixed and electrically connected to the second electrode base 11b in the same manner. The pilot gas injected into the first pilot gas pipe 14a passes through the first electrode base 11a, the first insulating block 9a, and the fluid holes of the first chip base 1a from the first pilot gas pipe 14a. It enters the electrode storage space and flows out below the torch tip through the first nozzle 8a.

  As shown in (2b) of FIG. 2, the cooling water injected into the first water injection pipe 16a is a water flow path from the first water injection pipe 16a to the first electrode base 11a, the first insulating block 9a, and the first chip base 1a. To the tip of the first chip base 1a and through the lateral flow path, and further through the water flow paths of the first chip base 1a, the first insulating block 9a and the first electrode base 11a, through the first water distribution pipe 17a and outside the torch. To leak.

  Similarly, the pilot gas injected into the second pilot gas pipe 14b passes through the second electrode base 11b, the first insulating block 9b, and the fluid holes of the second chip base body 1b from the second pilot gas pipe 14b to the second nozzle. It enters the electrode housing space of the member 7b and flows out below the torch tip through the second nozzle 8b. The cooling water injected into the second water injection pipe 16b passes through the second electrode base 11b, the second insulating block 9b, and the water flow path of the second chip base 1b from the second water injection pipe 16b, and the tip of the second chip base 1b. And then flows out of the torch through the second water distribution pipe 17b through the water flow paths of the second chip base 1b, the second insulating block 9b and the second electrode base 11b.

  The first element group described above constitutes the first head Ha, and the second element group constitutes the second head Hb. FIG. 3 (3a) shows the appearance of the first head Ha, and FIG. 3 (3b) shows the appearance of the second head Hb.

  Please refer to FIG. 1 again. The first head Ha and the second head Hb are quadrangular prisms, and a flat interchip insulating plate 1a and an interelectrode base insulating plate 1b are sandwiched between them, and a part thereof is inserted into the torch outer cylinder. The part is inserted into a rectangular frame 18 with a flange. The screws 24 and 25 tighten the electrode bases 11a and 11b and the insulating blocks 9a and 9b by tightening the screws 24 and 25 that pass through the electrode bases 11a and 11b and the insulating blocks 9a and 9b and are screwed into the chip bases 2a and 2b. Thereby, the electrode bases 11a and 11b, the insulating blocks 9a and 9b, and the nozzle members 2a and 2b are integrally fixed. Therefore, even if the screw 23 for fastening the insulating books 9a and 9b to the torch outer cylinder 20 is removed and the screw 26 for fastening the frame 18 to the bases 2a and 2b is removed, the heads Ha and Hb are shown in FIG. The assembly posture does not collapse.

  Refer to FIG. 1 again. A shield cap 21 is fixed to the frame 18 with screws. In this embodiment, the shield cap 21 is a quadrangular cylinder type, but in order to lengthen the shield behind (in the position immediately after welding) in the welding progress direction, the eaves 21f are extended to the upper rear. is there.

In this embodiment, the front and back surfaces of the inter-chip insulating plate 1a and the inner surface of the frame body 18 are flat, and the inner surface of the frame body 18 is the shield gas supply holes 6a and 6b of the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b. To the outer grooves distributed in a horizontal ring shape that circulates around the base bodies 2a and 2b. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a large number of grooves 19 a to 19 d extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction) are carved on the side surfaces of the chip bases 2 a and 2 b facing the inter-chip insulating plate 1 a and the frame 18. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b include first and second nozzle member through holes 3a and 3b, first and second drain holes 4a and 4b, and first and second water injections. There are holes 5a and 5b and first and second shield gas supply holes 6a and 6b. The shield gas supplied to the first and second shield gas pipes 15a and 15b passes through the first and second shield gas supply holes 6a and 6b, exits to the outer groove that circulates the bases 2a and 2b, and the frame body. 18 is ejected into the shield cap 21 through a large number of grooves 29c and 29d facing the inner surface of the shield 18. The shield gas flow flows down along the outer peripheral surfaces of the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b and flows out from the front end opening of the shield cap 21 toward the base material. The shield gas that has passed through the numerous flow grooves 29a and 29b (FIG. 3) of the chip bases 2a and 2b facing the inter-chip insulating plate 1a flows down the gaps between the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b. Since the ionized gas is blown off, the insulation separation function between the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b is high.

  The first nozzle member 7a shown in (5b1) and (5b2) of FIG. 5 is inserted into the first nozzle member through hole 3a ((1a) of FIG. 1). At the tip (lower end) of the first nozzle member 7a, there is a cap portion where the nozzle 8a is opened at the center, a trunk portion continuing to the cap portion, and a male screw portion continuing to the stem portion, and between the trunk portion and the male screw portion. There is an O-ring ((1a) in FIG. 1) which is a sealing material, and there is an electrode arrangement space communicating with the nozzle 8a inside.

  The height of the second chip base 2b (the length in the direction in which the central axis of the torch extends) is shorter than the height of the first chip base 2a, but the second nozzle member 2b has the same dimensions as the first nozzle member. Thereby, as shown to (1a) of FIG. 1, the front-end | tip of the nozzle member 7a of the 1st chip base | substrate 2a protrudes below rather than the front-end | tip of the nozzle member 7b of the 2nd nozzle member 2b. The lower end edge of the shield cap 21 is inclined because it is parallel to the virtual plane where the nozzles 8a and 8b are located. As a result, the first head Ha is set for pre-welding, the second head Hb is set for post-welding, and the virtual plane on which the first and second nozzles 7a, 7b are located is parallel to the surface of the material to be welded. By setting the torch posture, the welding torch can be set to a forward angle posture inclined in the backward direction. The distance between the preceding nozzle 8a and the succeeding nozzle 8b and the base material can be set equal, and the advancing angle can be adjusted to set a slightly different distance.

  The central axes of the first and second nozzle member through holes 3a and 3b are more than the central axes of the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b (vertical lines passing through the midpoint of the upper end portions (maximum width) of the chip bases). Since it is shifted to the right (in the case of the first chip base 2a) or left (in the case of the second chip base 2b), the first nozzle member 7a and the second nozzle member 7b shown in FIG. Similarly, the bases 2a and 2b are displaced from each other, and the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b on the central axes of the nozzle members 7a and 7b is short. In order to set the inter-nozzle distance slightly longer, the first head Ha or the second head Hb is rotated 180 ° around the central axis (vertical axis) from the arrangement shown in FIG. In other words, turn it over. This slightly increases the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b. FIG. 6 (6a) shows a form in which the second head Hb is turned over as described above. The first head Ha may be turned over. A form in which the first head Ha is turned over and the second head Hb is turned over is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b is the longest.

  Please refer to FIG. 1 again. A pilot arc is generated between each tungsten electrode 12a, 12b and each chip base 2a, 2b by each pilot power source (not shown), and the electrode side is negative between the electrodes 12a, 12b and the material to be welded (base material). A plasma power source (main welding or preheating) that feeds the preceding electrode 12a in the welding direction in which a positive plasma arc current flows on the base metal side, and a plasma power source (tanning welding or main) that feeds the subsequent electrode 12b in the welding direction When a welding arc (plasma arc) is generated by (for welding), a plasma arc current flows between each electrode 12a, 12b and the base material, and 1 pool 2 arc welding is realized. In this welding mode, main welding or preheating by the plasma arc of the electrode 12a and tanning welding or main welding by the electrode 12b are performed. That is, a plasma pool of tanning welding or main welding is applied to the molten pool generated by main welding or preheating with the preceding electrode 12a and the subsequent electrode 12b, and the molten pool formed by, for example, keyhole welding is sent backward. The subsequent tanning welding smoothes the molten bead formed by keyhole welding. Thereby, it becomes a tanning weld bead smoothly connected to the base material surface. For example, in the case of a thin plate of less than 3 mm, since keyhole welding is impossible, a bead is formed by preceding welding or preheating, and this is changed into a smooth bead by subsequent tanning welding. Unlike conventional high-current one-pool wide welding, high-speed welding with a narrow bead width can be performed with the lowest necessary minimum current by dividing the functions into the preceding and following functions. The speed can also be increased by using the leading arc as preheating and performing the main welding with the trailing arc.

-2nd Example (FIGS. 7-12)-
FIG. 7 (7a) shows a longitudinal section of a plasma torch which is a second embodiment of a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes of the present invention, and FIG. 7 (7b) shows an outer cylinder of the welding torch shown in (1a). The inside of 20 is shown looking down from above. The plasma torch shown in FIG. 7 is also of a form that performs plasma welding. Most of the structure of the plasma torch of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above. However, in the second embodiment, the first head Ha and the second head Hb are plate-shaped. The inter-chip insulating plate 1a and the inter-electrode insulating plate 1b are sandwiched between the flanged quadrangular frame 18 and supported below, and inserted into the quadrangular tubular torch outer cylinder 20. First and second adjustment fasteners, which are detachable fixtures provided on the torch outer cylinder 20, have first and second suspension hooks 20 a and 20 b on the shield cap 21 whose upper end contacts the flange of the frame 18. The lifting rings 22a and 22b engage the hooks 20a and 20b to lift them. Thereby, the frame 18 is pressed and fixed to the torch outer cylinder 20. In this state, the inner surface of the frame 18 is opposed to the outer grooves distributed in the shape of a horizontal ring that communicates with the shield gas supply holes 6a and 6b of the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b and circulates around the bases 2a and 2b. To do. As shown in (11e1), (11e2), and (11e3) in FIG. 11, a large number of grooves 19 extending in the vertical direction (vertical direction) are formed on the inner surface of the frame 18. Further, as shown in (11d1) and (11d2), a number of protrusions extending in the vertical direction are formed at positions where the inter-chip insulating plate 1a is in contact with the outer circumferential groove below, and the gap between the protrusions is defined as the groove 1c. It has become. That is, shield gas flow grooves 1 c and 19 for blowing shield gas into the shield cap 21 are formed not on the nozzle bases 2 a and 2 b but on the front and back surfaces of the inter-chip insulating plate 1 a and the inner surface of the frame body 18.

  The adjust fasteners 22a and 22b shown in (7a) of FIG. 7 cause the lifting ring to be disengaged from the hooks 20a and 20b by causing a substantially "<"-shaped lever at the upper end to move the frame 18 to the torch outer cylinder 20. Can be separated from That is, the adjustment fasteners 22a and 22b, which are fixtures, removably couple the frame 18 to which the nozzle bases 2a and 2b are fixed to the torch outer cylinder 20.

  Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the insulating blocks 9a and 9b may be fixed to the torch outer cylinder 20 with screws. In that case, the frame 18 and the shield cap 21 are detachably coupled to the torch outer cylinder 20 by the adjustment fasteners 22a and 22b.

  Also in the second embodiment, the height of the second chip base 2b (the length in the direction in which the central axis of the torch extends) is shorter than the height of the first chip base 2a, but the second nozzle member 2b is the same as the first nozzle member 2a. Same dimensions. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7 (7a), the tip of the nozzle member 7a of the first chip base 2a protrudes downward from the tip of the nozzle member 7b of the second nozzle member 2b. The lower end edge of the shield cap 21 is inclined because it is parallel to the virtual plane where the nozzles 8a and 8b are located. As a result, the first head Ha is set for pre-welding, the second head Hb is set for post-welding, and the virtual plane on which the first and second nozzles 7a, 7b are located is parallel to the surface of the material to be welded. By setting the torch posture, the welding torch can be set to a forward angle posture inclined in the backward direction. The distance between the preceding nozzle 8a and the succeeding nozzle 8b and the base material can be set equal, and the advancing angle can be adjusted to set a slightly different distance.

  The central axes of the first and second nozzle member through holes 3a and 3b are more than the central axes of the first and second chip bases 2a and 2b (vertical lines passing through the midpoint of the upper end portions (maximum width) of the chip bases). Since the position is shifted to the right (in the case of the first chip base 2a) or to the left (in the case of the second chip base 2b), the first nozzle member 7a and the second nozzle member 7b shown in FIG. Similarly, the bases 2a and 2b are displaced from each other, and the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b on the central axes of the nozzle members 7a and 7b is short. In order to set the inter-nozzle distance slightly longer, the first head Ha or the second head Hb is rotated 180 ° around the central axis (vertical axis) from the arrangement shown in FIG. In other words, turn it over. This slightly increases the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b. FIG. 12 (12a) shows a form in which the first head Ha is turned over as described above. The second head Hb may be turned over. A form in which the first head Ha is turned over and the second head Hb is turned over is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the distance between the nozzles 8a and 8b is the longest. Other structures and functions of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment shown in FIG.

-3rd Example (FIGS. 13-17)-
FIG. 13 shows a vertical cross section of a plasma torch which is a third embodiment of a welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to the present invention. The plasma torch shown in FIG. 13 is also of a form that performs plasma welding. Most of the structure of the plasma torch of the third embodiment is the same as that of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7, but in the third embodiment, the nozzle bases 2a and 2b are short and the nozzle members 7a and 7b are nozzles. The bases 2a and 2b are penetrated from the bottom to the top. The male screw 30a ((5b1) in FIG. 5) at the upper end of the nozzle members 7a and 7b is received in the female screw holes of the nuts (cylindrical nuts) 27a and 27b inserted from above into the nozzle member through holes of the nozzle bases 2a and 2b. The nozzle members 7a and 7b are fixed to the nozzle bases 2a and 2b by screwing the nuts. Between the insulating blocks 9a and 9b and the nozzle bases 2a and 2b, power supply bases 28a and 28b are interposed to cover the upper protruding portions of the cap nuts 27a and 27b from the bases 2a and 2b. Through screws 24a, 24b, 25a, 25b that pass through the electrode bases 11a, 11b and the insulating blocks 9a, 9b and are screwed into the power supply bases 28a, 28b are electrode bases 11a, 11b, insulating blocks 9a, 9b, and power supply bases 28a, 28b. The electrode bases 11a and 11b, the insulating blocks 9a and 9b, and the power supply bases 28a and 28b are integrated. Other structures and functions of the third embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

  Each of the above embodiments uses two chip bases (two non-consumable electrodes), but the welding torch of the present invention has three or more chip bases (three or more non-consumable electrodes). And two or more inter-chip insulating plates.

Ha: first head Hb: second head 1a: interchip insulating plate 1b: interelectrode insulating plate 1c: shield gas flow groove 2a: first chip base 2b: second chip base 3a: first nozzle member through hole 3b: 2nd nozzle member through-hole 4a: 1st drain hole 4b: 2nd drain hole 5a: 1st water injection hole 5b: 2nd water injection hole 6a: 1st shield gas supply hole 6b: 2nd shield gas supply hole 7a: 1st nozzle member 7b: 2nd nozzle member 8a: 1st nozzle 8b: 2nd nozzle 9a: 1st insulating block 9b: 2nd insulating block 10a: 1st centering stone 10b: 2nd centering stone 11a: 1st electrode stand 11b: 2nd electrode stand 12a: 1st tungsten electrode (1st non-consumable electrode)
12b: Second tungsten electrode (second non-consumable electrode)
13a: first electrode fixing screw 13b: second electrode fixing screw 14a: first pilot gas pipe 14b: second pilot gas pipe 15a: first shield gas pipe 15b: second shield gas pipe 16a: first water injection pipe 16b: Second water injection pipe 17a: first drain pipe 17b: second drain pipe 18: frame 19: shield gas flow groove 20: torch outer cylinder 21: shield cap 22a, 22b: adjust fastener 23: retaining screws 24a, 24b, 25a, 25b: Through screw 26: Set screw 27a, 27b: Nut 28a, 28b: Feeding bases 29a-29d: Shield gas flow groove 30a, 30b: Male screw 31a, 31b: Grip groove

Claims (17)

A substantially flat insulating member extending parallel to the central axis of the torch;
A first chip base and a second chip base, each having an electrode storage space and a nozzle connected to the electrode storage space, the insulating members facing each other;
A first non-consumable electrode and a second non-consumable electrode that have entered the electrode housing space of each chip base; and
It said first sandwiching the insulating member chip substrate and the second you integrally supporting the chip substrate with the insulating member frame:
A welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes.

  2. The welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1, wherein there are flow grooves on the surfaces of the first and second chip bases facing the insulating member to flow shield gas along the side face of the chip base to the tip of the torch. .   3. The multi-electrode according to claim 1, wherein there are flow grooves on the side surfaces of the first and second chip bases facing the frame body, and a flow path for flowing a shield gas to the tip of the torch along the side face of the chip base. Welding torch.   2. The welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1, wherein a flow groove is provided on a surface of the insulating member facing the chip base to flow shield gas along the side of the chip base to the tip of the torch.   3. The plurality of grooves according to claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the frame body that contacts the side surfaces of the first and second chip bases has a plurality of grooves for flowing a shielding gas along the side surfaces of the chip base to the tip of the torch. A welding torch with electrodes.   The first non-consumable electrode penetrates the first electrode base, the first insulating block, and the first chip base in this order; the second non-consumable electrode passes through the second electrode base, the second insulating block, and the second chip base in this order. The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1, wherein the frame is screwed to the first and second chip bases in order;   The first and second insulating blocks are screwed to the torch barrel; by tightening screws that pass through the first and second electrode bases and the first and second insulating blocks and screw into the first and second chip bases; The first electrode base, the first insulating block, and the first chip base are fixed together, and the second electrode base, the second insulating block, and the second chip base are fixed together; A welding torch with multiple electrodes.   The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1, further comprising: a fixture that removably couples the frame body to the tip of the torch outer cylinder.   The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1, wherein the tip of the first tip base protrudes in a direction protruding from the tip of the torch rather than the tip of the second tip base.   The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 9, wherein the length of the first tip base in the torch axial direction is longer than that of the second tip base.   The first chip base and the second chip base include a first nozzle member and a second nozzle having a cap portion in which the nozzle is opened in the center, a trunk portion continuing to the cap portion, and the electrode housing space which is an inner space of the trunk portion. The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1 including a member.   12. The welding including a plurality of electrodes according to claim 11, wherein the trunk portion has a male screw, and the cap portion of the nozzle member is press-contacted to the tip end surface of the tip base body by screwing the nozzle member into the female screw hole of the tip base body. torch.   The welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to claim 11, wherein the trunk portion has a male screw, and the cap portion of the nozzle member is pressed against the tip end surface of the tip base body by tightening a cap nut screwed into the male screw.   The welding torch having a plurality of electrodes according to claim 12 or 13, wherein a downwardly tapered surface of the cap portion has a grip groove for fixing and holding the cap portion to prevent slippage.   The inner space of the frame for accommodating the first and second chip bases has a quadrangular cross section, and the first and second chip bases have a quadrangular prism shape at the part accommodated in the frame. The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 1.   The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 15, wherein the first nozzle is located at a position displaced in the welding direction from the substrate central axis parallel to the torch central axis of the first tip substrate.   The welding torch comprising a plurality of electrodes according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the second nozzle is located at a position displaced in the welding direction from the substrate central axis parallel to the torch central axis of the second tip substrate.

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