JP6205517B1 - Fine fiber production equipment - Google Patents
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- JP6205517B1 JP6205517B1 JP2017117409A JP2017117409A JP6205517B1 JP 6205517 B1 JP6205517 B1 JP 6205517B1 JP 2017117409 A JP2017117409 A JP 2017117409A JP 2017117409 A JP2017117409 A JP 2017117409A JP 6205517 B1 JP6205517 B1 JP 6205517B1
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- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 8
- -1 for example Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)C(C)C HXVNBWAKAOHACI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-2-one Chemical compound CCCC(C)=O XNLICIUVMPYHGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopropane Chemical compound CCCBr CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methyl-4-heptanone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(=O)CC(C)C PTTPXKJBFFKCEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octanone Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)=O ZPVFWPFBNIEHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001523 electrospinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoroacetone Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)F VBZWSGALLODQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940073584 methylene chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/11—Flash-spinning
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】容易に長繊維の微細繊維を製造することができ、生産性を向上させた微細繊維の製造装置を提供する。【解決手段】第１のエアを所定の圧力で噴射する第１のノズルと、前記第１のエアよりも低い圧力で第２のエアを噴射する第２のノズルと、前記第１及び第２のエアによって紡糸される微細繊維の原料を供給する吐出ノズルと、を備えた微細繊維製造装置であって、前記第１のノズルは略水平に前記第１のエアを噴射するように配置されると共に、前記吐出ノズルは前記原料を略鉛直方向に供給するように配置され、前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルと前記吐出ノズルのなす角の間に前記第１のエアに向かって前記第２のエアを噴射するように配置される。【選択図】図１A fine fiber manufacturing apparatus capable of easily manufacturing fine fibers of long fibers and improving productivity is provided. A first nozzle that injects first air at a predetermined pressure, a second nozzle that injects second air at a pressure lower than the first air, and the first and second And a discharge nozzle for supplying a raw material for fine fibers spun by the air, wherein the first nozzle is arranged to inject the first air substantially horizontally. In addition, the discharge nozzle is arranged to supply the raw material in a substantially vertical direction, and the second nozzle is directed toward the first air between an angle formed by the first nozzle and the discharge nozzle. It arrange | positions so that the said 2nd air may be injected. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、微細繊維製造装置に係り、特に、より容易に微細繊維を製造することができ、生産性を向上させた微細繊維製造装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a fine fiber production apparatus, and more particularly, to a fine fiber production apparatus that can produce fine fibers more easily and has improved productivity.
従来、繊維径が１〜１５μｍ程度の極細繊維は、種々の用途に用いられており、その製造方法も種々の方法が知られている。 Conventionally, ultrafine fibers having a fiber diameter of about 1 to 15 μm have been used for various purposes, and various methods for producing the same are known.
極細繊維の主な製造方法としては、メルトブローン方式等が知られている。メルトブローン方式は、ノズルからポリマー溶液を吐出するとともに、その周囲から吐出されたポリマー溶液に向けて熱風を送り込むことにより、ポリマー溶液を延伸させて、極細繊維を製造する方式である。 As a main method for producing ultrafine fibers, a melt blown method or the like is known. The melt blown method is a method for producing ultrafine fibers by discharging a polymer solution from a nozzle and drawing hot air toward the polymer solution discharged from the periphery of the nozzle to stretch the polymer solution.
具体的には、極細繊維の生産性を向上させるために、特許文献１に記載された発明のように、略直方体の紡糸ダイの一の長手面において、長手方向に配置された複数のノズル孔から熱可塑性重合体を吐出させて極細繊維を得る工程、前記複数のノズル孔の配置方向片側のみに設けられたスリットから熱風を噴出させて、吐出された前記極細繊維を、前記紡糸ダイの下方に吸引させて、前記極細繊維を堆積させる工程を具備する極細繊維不織布の製造方法が知られている。 Specifically, in order to improve the productivity of ultrafine fibers, as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a plurality of nozzle holes arranged in the longitudinal direction on one longitudinal surface of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped spinning die A step of ejecting a thermoplastic polymer from the nozzle to obtain ultrafine fibers, jetting hot air from a slit provided only on one side in the arrangement direction of the plurality of nozzle holes, and discharging the ultrafine fibers below the spinning die There is known a method for producing an ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabric, which comprises a step of depositing the ultrafine fiber by suction.
しかしながら、近年繊維径が更に細い所謂ナノファイバーと呼ばれる微細繊維を容易に製造することが求められている。繊維径が２０〜２００ｎｍ程度の微細繊維の製造方法は、例えば、高電圧を印加した針状のノズルに高分子溶液を供給することで、この針状のノズルから線状に流出する高分子溶液に電荷が帯電され、高分子溶液の溶媒の蒸発に伴って帯電電荷間の距離が小さくなって作用するクーロン力が大きくなり、そのクーロン力が線状の高分子溶液の表面張力より勝った時点で線状の高分子溶液が爆発的に延伸される現象が生じ、この現象が一次、二次、三次と繰り返されることで微細繊維が製造されるエレクトロスピニング法が知られているが、針状のノズルを用いた製造方法では、微細繊維の大量生産が難しいという問題があった。 However, in recent years, it has been demanded to easily produce fine fibers called nanofibers having a smaller fiber diameter. The method for producing fine fibers having a fiber diameter of about 20 to 200 nm is, for example, by supplying a polymer solution to a needle-like nozzle to which a high voltage is applied, so that the polymer solution flows out linearly from the needle-like nozzle. When the electric charge is charged, the distance between the charged charges decreases as the solvent of the polymer solution evaporates, and the acting Coulomb force increases and the Coulomb force exceeds the surface tension of the linear polymer solution. There is an electrospinning method in which a fine polymer is produced by the phenomenon that a linear polymer solution is stretched explosively and this phenomenon is repeated primary, secondary, and tertiary. In the manufacturing method using the nozzle, there is a problem that mass production of fine fibers is difficult.
そこで、本発明は上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、容易に長繊維の微細繊維を製造することができ、生産性を向上させた微細繊維の製造装置を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing fine fibers, which can easily produce fine fibers of long fibers and improve productivity.
本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置は、第１のエアを所定の圧力で噴射する第１のノズルと、前記第１のエアよりも低い圧力で第２のエアを噴射する第２のノズルと、前記第１及び第２のエアによって紡糸される微細繊維の原料を供給する吐出ノズルと、を備えた微細繊維製造装置であって、前記第１のノズルは略水平に前記第１のエアを噴射するように配置されると共に、前記吐出ノズルは前記原料を略鉛直方向に供給するように配置され、前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルと前記吐出ノズルのなす角の間に前記第１のエアに向かって前記第２のエアを噴射するように配置されることを特徴とする。 The fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention includes a first nozzle that injects first air at a predetermined pressure, a second nozzle that injects second air at a pressure lower than the first air, And a discharge nozzle for supplying a raw material of the fine fiber spun by the first and second air, wherein the first nozzle injects the first air substantially horizontally. And the discharge nozzle is disposed so as to supply the raw material in a substantially vertical direction, and the second nozzle is disposed between an angle formed by the first nozzle and the discharge nozzle. It arrange | positions so that said 2nd air may be injected toward 1 air.
また、本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置において、前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルに対して水平方向から２０°から６０°傾いて配置されると好適である。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second nozzle is disposed at an angle of 20 ° to 60 ° with respect to the first nozzle from a horizontal direction.
また、本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置において、前記吐出ノズルの先端は、前記第２のノズルのノズル口よりも上方に配置されると好適である。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the tip of the discharge nozzle is disposed above the nozzle opening of the second nozzle.
また、本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置において、前記第１のエアと前記第２のエアから噴射される噴射圧力は流速比で、２〜３：１であると好適である。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that the injection pressure injected from the first air and the second air is a flow rate ratio of 2 to 3: 1.
また、本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置において、前記第１のノズル，前記第２のノズル及び前記吐出ノズルの少なくともいずれか一方は、加熱装置を備えると好適である。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that at least one of the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the discharge nozzle includes a heating device.
また、本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置において、前記第１のノズル及び前記第２のノズルの少なくともいずれか一方は、ノズル口がフラットノズルで構成されると好適である。 Moreover, in the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, it is preferable that at least one of the first nozzle and the second nozzle has a nozzle port constituted by a flat nozzle.
上記発明の概要は、本発明の必要な特徴の全てを列挙したものではなく、これらの特徴群のサブコンビネーションもまた発明となり得る。 The above summary of the invention does not enumerate all the necessary features of the present invention, and sub-combinations of these features can also be the invention.
本発明に係る微細繊維製造装置は、第１のエアを所定の圧力で噴射する第１のノズルと、前記第１のエアよりも低い圧力で第２のエアを噴射する第２のノズルと、前記第１及び第２のエアによって紡糸される微細繊維の原料を供給する吐出ノズルと、を備え、前記第１のノズルは略水平に前記第１のエアを噴射するように配置されると共に、前記吐出ノズルは前記原料を略鉛直方向に供給するように配置され、前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルと前記吐出ノズルのなす角の間に前記第１のエアに向かって前記第２のエアを噴射するように配置されるので、第２のエアによって気圧層相当の流れを積極的に形成することができるので、容易に長繊維の微細繊維を製造することができ、微細繊維の生産性を向上させることができる。 The fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention includes a first nozzle that injects first air at a predetermined pressure, a second nozzle that injects second air at a pressure lower than the first air, A discharge nozzle for supplying a raw material of fine fibers spun by the first and second air, and the first nozzle is arranged to inject the first air substantially horizontally, The discharge nozzle is disposed so as to supply the raw material in a substantially vertical direction, and the second nozzle is configured to move toward the first air between an angle formed by the first nozzle and the discharge nozzle. Since the second air is arranged so as to inject air, the flow corresponding to the atmospheric pressure layer can be positively formed by the second air, so that the fine fibers of the long fibers can be easily manufactured. Productivity can be improved.
以下、本発明を実施するための好適な実施形態について、図面を用いて説明する。なお、以下の実施形態は、各請求項に係る発明を限定するものではなく、また、実施形態の中で説明されている特徴の組み合わせの全てが発明の解決手段に必須であるとは限らない。なお、本発明において、微細繊維とは、繊維径が２０〜２００ｎｍ程度の繊維をいう。 DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention according to each claim, and all combinations of features described in the embodiments are not necessarily essential to the solution means of the invention. . In the present invention, the fine fiber means a fiber having a fiber diameter of about 20 to 200 nm.
図１は、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置のノズル部材の構成を説明するための断面図であり、図２は、図１におけるＡ部拡大図であり、図３は、低圧エアによって延伸された繊維の拡大図であり、図４は、高圧エアによって延伸された微細繊維の拡大図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a configuration of a nozzle member of a fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is stretched by low-pressure air. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of fine fibers drawn by high-pressure air.
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１は、第１のノズル１１，第２のノズル１２及び吐出ノズル１３を備えるノズル部材１０と、第１のノズル１１及び第２のノズル１２から噴射された低圧及び高圧エアによるエアの流れによって吐出ノズル１３から供給された原料であるポリマー溶液が延伸された微細繊維を捕集する図示しない捕集装置とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment is the nozzle member 10 provided with the 1st nozzle 11, the 2nd nozzle 12, and the discharge nozzle 13, and the 1st nozzle 11 and the 2nd. And a collecting device (not shown) that collects fine fibers in which a polymer solution, which is a raw material supplied from the discharge nozzle 13, is drawn by the flow of air from low pressure and high pressure air ejected from the nozzle 12.
図２に示すように、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１は、第１のノズル１１から噴射された高圧エアによって形成される高速エアの流れＦHと、第２のノズル１２から噴射された低圧エアによって形成される低速エアの流れＦLとが形成され、吐出ノズル１３から供給されたポリマー溶液が低速エアの流れＦLと高速エアの流れＦHとによって２段階に延伸されるように構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is jetted from the high-speed air flow F H formed by the high-pressure air jetted from the first nozzle 11 and the second nozzle 12. and a low-speed air flow F L which is formed by the low-pressure air is formed, so that the polymer solution supplied from the discharge nozzle 13 is stretched in two stages by the flow F H slow air flow F L and the high-speed air It is configured.
図１に示すように、ノズル部材１０には、高圧エアの供給源に接続される高圧マニホルド１４を介して高圧エアを噴射する第１のノズル１１と、低圧エアの供給源に接続される低圧マニホルド１５を介して低圧エアを噴射する第２のノズル１２とポリマー溶液ストックタンク１７からギヤポンプ１６を介してポリマー溶液を供給する吐出ノズル１３とを備えている。また、ノズル部材１０の吐出ノズル１３近傍の外周にはヒーターなどの加熱装置３０が取り付けられている。なお、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１に用いられるノズル部材１０では、第１のノズル１１をフラットノズル、第２のノズル１２を直進ノズル、吐出ノズル１３をノズルピッチが１０ｍｍ以上に設定されたコーム状に形成した場合について説明を行う。 As shown in FIG. 1, the nozzle member 10 includes a first nozzle 11 for injecting high-pressure air via a high-pressure manifold 14 connected to a high-pressure air supply source, and a low-pressure air connected to a low-pressure air supply source. A second nozzle 12 that injects low-pressure air through a manifold 15 and a discharge nozzle 13 that supplies a polymer solution from a polymer solution stock tank 17 through a gear pump 16 are provided. A heating device 30 such as a heater is attached to the outer periphery of the nozzle member 10 in the vicinity of the discharge nozzle 13. In the nozzle member 10 used in the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the first nozzle 11 is set as a flat nozzle, the second nozzle 12 is set as a straight nozzle, and the discharge nozzle 13 is set at a nozzle pitch of 10 mm or more. The case where it is formed in a comb shape will be described.
ここで、第１のノズル１１から噴射される高圧エアは、例えば、ノズル径１．０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍに対し０．２ＭＰａで供給され、第２のノズル１２から噴射される低圧エアは、ノズル径１．５ｍｍに対して０．０３ＭＰａで供給されると好適であり、高圧エアと低圧エアの流速比は、２〜３：１程度に設定されると好適である。具体的には、低圧エアの流速が２００〜３００ｍ／ｓｅｃに設定され、高圧エアの流速が６００ｍ／ｓｅｃ以上に設定される。 Here, the high-pressure air ejected from the first nozzle 11 is supplied at, for example, 0.2 MPa with respect to a nozzle diameter of 1.0 mm × 50 mm, and the low-pressure air ejected from the second nozzle 12 has a nozzle diameter of 1 It is preferable that the pressure is supplied at 0.03 MPa with respect to 0.5 mm, and the flow rate ratio between the high pressure air and the low pressure air is preferably set to about 2 to 3: 1. Specifically, the flow rate of the low pressure air is set to 200 to 300 m / sec, and the flow rate of the high pressure air is set to 600 m / sec or more.
このように、第１のノズル１１や第２のノズル１２が高圧又は低圧マニホルド１４、１５を介して高圧又は低圧エアを噴射するので、第１のノズル１１又は第２のノズル１２がフラットノズルで構成された場合であっても均等な圧力のエアを噴射することが可能となる。 Thus, since the first nozzle 11 and the second nozzle 12 inject high pressure or low pressure air through the high pressure or low pressure manifolds 14 and 15, the first nozzle 11 or the second nozzle 12 is a flat nozzle. Even in the case of being configured, it is possible to inject air of equal pressure.
なお、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１に用いられるポリマー溶液はポリマーを溶媒で溶解させたものが適宜用いられるが、用いられるポリマーとしては、ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ポリオレフィンやポリウレタンなどが用いられる。また、ポリエステルとしては、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリ乳酸等が用いられ、ポリアミドとしては、ナイロン６、ナイロン６６、ナイロン１１等が用いられ、ポリオレフィンとしては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン及びポリスチレンなどが用いられる。 In addition, although the polymer solution used for the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment uses what melt | dissolved the polymer with the solvent suitably, polyester, polyamide, polyolefin, a polyurethane, etc. are used as a polymer used. As the polyester, for example, polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polylactic acid or the like is used. As the polyamide, nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 11 or the like is used. As the polyolefin, polyethylene, polypropylene or the like is used. Polystyrene and the like are used.
また、溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール、１−プロパノール、２−プロパノール、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール、テトラエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ジベンジンアルコール、１，３−ジオキソラン、１，４−ジオキサン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、メチル−ｎ−ヘキシルケトン、メチル−ｎ−プロピルケトン、ジイソプロピルケトン、ジイソブチルケトン、アセトン、ヘキサフルオロアセトン、フェノール、ギ酸、ギ酸メチル、ギ酸エチル、ギ酸プロピル、安息香酸メチル、フタル酸ジエチル、フタル酸ジプロピル、塩化メチル、塩化エチル、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、臭化メチル、臭化エチル、臭化プロピル、酢酸、ベンゼン、トルエン、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサンなどが用いられる。 As the solvent, methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, hexafluoroisopropanol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dibenzine alcohol, 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl Ketone, methyl-n-hexyl ketone, methyl-n-propyl ketone, diisopropyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, acetone, hexafluoroacetone, phenol, formic acid, methyl formate, ethyl formate, propyl formate, methyl benzoate, diethyl phthalate, phthalate Dipropyl acid, methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methylene chloride, chloroform, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, propyl bromide, acetic acid, benzene, toluene, hexane, cyclohexane, etc. are used .
また、ポリマー溶液はギヤポンプ１６を介して供給されるので、脈動などが発生することなく連続して安定的にポリマー溶液を供給することが可能となる。また、ポリマー溶液の供給は、ギヤポンプ１６を介する場合に限られず、種々の供給方法を適用することが可能である。例えば、ポリマー溶液を加圧エアによる押し出しによって供給するように構成しても構わない。 Further, since the polymer solution is supplied via the gear pump 16, the polymer solution can be supplied continuously and stably without causing pulsation or the like. The supply of the polymer solution is not limited to the case through the gear pump 16, and various supply methods can be applied. For example, the polymer solution may be supplied by extrusion with pressurized air.
さらに、ノズル部材１０には、加熱装置３０が取り付けられているので、製造現場の気温が低下した場合等にポリマー溶液の温度を上げることができるので、ポリマー溶液の粘度を安定させることができる。なお、加熱装置３０は、電熱線等を用いても構わないし、温水等を用いても構わない。 Furthermore, since the heating device 30 is attached to the nozzle member 10, the temperature of the polymer solution can be increased when the temperature at the manufacturing site is lowered, and thus the viscosity of the polymer solution can be stabilized. The heating device 30 may use a heating wire or the like, or may use hot water or the like.
ここで、第１のノズル１１は、略水平方向に高圧エアを噴射するように配置され、吐出ノズル１３はポリマー溶液を鉛直下方に供給するように鉛直方向下側に向いて配置されている。このように、第１のノズル１１と吐出ノズル１３とは、互いに概略直角になるように配置されている。また、第２のノズル１２は、第１のノズル１１と吐出ノズル１３のなす角の間に配置され、低圧エアを第１のノズル１１が噴射した高圧エアに向かって噴射するように配置されている。なお、第２のノズル１２は、第１のノズル１１に対して２０〜６０°傾いて配置されると好適であり、より好ましくは、４０°程度に配置されると好適である。ここで、第２のノズル１２が２０°よりも小さい角度で配置されると、微細繊維に粒子が発生すると共に捕集具合が悪化し、６０°よりも大きい角度に配置されると吐出ノズル１３から供給されたポリマー溶液が高速エアの流れＦHを抜けてしまい検証できない結果となった。 Here, the 1st nozzle 11 is arrange | positioned so that a high pressure air may be injected in a substantially horizontal direction, and the discharge nozzle 13 is arrange | positioned toward the vertical direction lower side so that a polymer solution may be supplied to a vertically downward direction. Thus, the 1st nozzle 11 and the discharge nozzle 13 are arrange | positioned so that it may mutually become substantially right angle. The second nozzle 12 is disposed between the corners formed by the first nozzle 11 and the discharge nozzle 13 so as to inject low-pressure air toward the high-pressure air ejected by the first nozzle 11. Yes. The second nozzle 12 is preferably disposed at an angle of 20 to 60 ° with respect to the first nozzle 11, and more preferably is disposed at about 40 °. Here, when the second nozzle 12 is disposed at an angle smaller than 20 °, particles are generated in the fine fibers and the collection condition is deteriorated. When the second nozzle 12 is disposed at an angle larger than 60 °, the discharge nozzle 13 is disposed. As a result, the polymer solution supplied from No. 1 passed through the high-speed air flow F H , and the results could not be verified.
また、図２に示すように、吐出ノズル１３の先端は、第２のノズル１２のノズル口よりも上方に配置されており、第２のノズル１２から噴射される低圧エアの流れＦLにポリマー溶液をのせるように配置されている。また、図示しない位置調整機構を用いて、このように吐出ノズル１３から供給されるポリマー溶液が第２のノズル１２から噴射された緩やかな気流に乗るように適宜調整可能に構成されている。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the tip of the discharge nozzle 13, than the nozzle opening of the second nozzle 12 are located above, the polymer to a low pressure air flow F L ejected from the second nozzle 12 It is arranged to put the solution. In addition, the position adjustment mechanism (not shown) is used so that the polymer solution supplied from the discharge nozzle 13 can be adjusted as appropriate so as to ride on the gentle air current jetted from the second nozzle 12.
このように構成された本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１は、吐出ノズル１３から供給されたポリマー溶液が、低圧エアによって、ポリマー溶液の１次爆発を起こし図３に示すように平均繊維径が５００ｎｍまで延伸され、高圧エアによって、図４に示すように平均繊維径が１００ｎｍまで延伸され、バラツキの少ないナノレベルの微細繊維を製造することが可能となることが確認できた。また、本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置１は、各種ノズルが一体となったノズル部材１０を用いているので、より安定的に繊維生成が可能となり、生産性をより向上させることができる。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 according to this embodiment configured as described above, the polymer solution supplied from the discharge nozzle 13 causes a primary explosion of the polymer solution by low-pressure air, and the average fiber diameter as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the average fiber diameter was stretched to 100 nm by high-pressure air, and it was confirmed that it was possible to produce nano-level fine fibers with little variation. Moreover, since the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus 1 which concerns on this embodiment uses the nozzle member 10 with which various nozzles were united, a fiber production | generation becomes possible more stably and productivity can be improved more.
以上説明した本実施形態に係る微細繊維製造装置において、第１のノズル１１及び第２のノズル１２によって高速エアの流れ及び低速エアの流れを用いて３段階にポリマー溶液を延伸させる場合について説明をおこなったが、延伸の回数はこれに限定されず例えば、複数のノズルを用いて３段階以上行っても構わない。また、延伸に用いるポリマー溶液は、溶媒方式を用いた場合について説明を行ったが、ポリマー溶液は溶融方式を用いても構わない。その様な変更又は改良を加えた形態も本発明の技術的範囲に含まれうることが、特許請求の範囲の記載から明らかである。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to the present embodiment described above, the case where the polymer solution is stretched in three stages using the flow of the high-speed air and the flow of the low-speed air by the first nozzle 11 and the second nozzle 12 will be described. Although it performed, the frequency | count of extending | stretching is not limited to this, For example, you may perform 3 steps or more using a some nozzle. Moreover, although the polymer solution used for extending | stretching demonstrated the case where a solvent system was used, you may use a melt system for a polymer solution. It is apparent from the scope of the claims that the embodiments added with such changes or improvements can be included in the technical scope of the present invention.
１ 微細繊維製造装置， １０ ノズル部材， １１ 第１のノズル, １２ 第２のノズル， １３ 吐出ノズル， １４ 高圧マニホルド， １５ 低圧マニホルド， １６ ギヤポンプ， １７ 溶液タンク， ３０ 加熱装置。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fine fiber manufacturing apparatus, 10 Nozzle member, 11 1st nozzle, 12 2nd nozzle, 13 Discharge nozzle, 14 High pressure manifold, 15 Low pressure manifold, 16 Gear pump, 17 Solution tank, 30 Heating device.
Claims (6)
前記第１のエアよりも低い圧力で第２のエアを噴射する第２のノズルと、
前記第１及び第２のエアによって紡糸される微細繊維の原料を供給する吐出ノズルと、を備えた微細繊維製造装置であって、
前記第１のノズルは略水平に前記第１のエアを噴射するように配置されると共に、前記吐出ノズルは前記原料を略鉛直方向に供給するように配置され、
前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルと前記吐出ノズルのなす角の間に前記第１のエアに向かって前記第２のエアを噴射するように配置されることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 A first nozzle that injects first air at a predetermined pressure;
A second nozzle for injecting second air at a pressure lower than that of the first air;
A discharge device for supplying a raw material of fine fibers spun by the first and second air, and a fine fiber manufacturing apparatus comprising:
The first nozzle is arranged to inject the first air substantially horizontally, and the discharge nozzle is arranged to supply the raw material in a substantially vertical direction,
The fine fiber, wherein the second nozzle is arranged to inject the second air toward the first air between an angle formed by the first nozzle and the discharge nozzle. manufacturing device.
前記第２のノズルは、前記第１のノズルに対して水平方向から２０°から６０°傾いて配置されることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1,
The apparatus for producing fine fibers, wherein the second nozzle is disposed at an angle of 20 ° to 60 ° from a horizontal direction with respect to the first nozzle.
前記吐出ノズルの先端は、前記第２のノズルのノズル口よりも上方に配置されることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus of Claim 1 or 2,
The tip of the discharge nozzle is disposed above the nozzle opening of the second nozzle.
前記第１のエアと前記第２のエアから噴射される噴射圧力は流速比で、２〜３：１であることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus of any one of Claim 1 to 3,
The fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an injection pressure injected from the first air and the second air is a flow rate ratio of 2 to 3: 1.
前記第１のノズル，前記第２のノズル及び前記吐出ノズルの少なくともいずれか一方は、加熱装置を備えることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
At least one of the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the discharge nozzle includes a heating device.
前記第１のノズル及び前記第２のノズルの少なくともいずれか一方は、ノズル口がフラットノズルで構成されることを特徴とする微細繊維製造装置。 In the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
At least one of the first nozzle and the second nozzle has a nozzle port configured by a flat nozzle, and the fine fiber manufacturing apparatus.
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| JPWO2020105529A1 (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-09-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Fibrous water-absorbent resin, its manufacturing method, and absorbent articles |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49125632A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1974-12-02 | ||
| JPS6086051A (en) * | 1983-10-19 | 1985-05-15 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Manufacture of fiber |
| WO2016013052A1 (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-28 | ゼプト株式会社 | Method for producing nanofibres made from polymer material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49125632A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1974-12-02 | ||
| JPS6086051A (en) * | 1983-10-19 | 1985-05-15 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Manufacture of fiber |
| WO2016013052A1 (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2016-01-28 | ゼプト株式会社 | Method for producing nanofibres made from polymer material |
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| JPWO2020105529A1 (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-09-30 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Fibrous water-absorbent resin, its manufacturing method, and absorbent articles |
| JP7071536B2 (en) | 2018-11-22 | 2022-05-19 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Fibrous water-absorbent resin, its manufacturing method, and absorbent articles |
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