JP6181073B2 - ピーナッツアレルギーの処置用医薬製剤およびその使用 - Google Patents
ピーナッツアレルギーの処置用医薬製剤およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLQFPWUYWKWMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCN1C(=O)CC(O)C1=O PLQFPWUYWKWMJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OOTFVKOQINZBBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cystamine Chemical compound CCSSCCN OOTFVKOQINZBBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099500 cystamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000151 cysteine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CS)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- LJSQFQKUNVCTIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfide Chemical compound CCSCC LJSQFQKUNVCTIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000676 disease causative agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-ZXZARUISSA-N dithioerythritol Chemical compound SC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PGLTVOMIXTUURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoacetamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CI PGLTVOMIXTUURA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JDNTWHVOXJZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CI JDNTWHVOXJZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001035 methylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010172 mouse model Methods 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000021118 plant-derived protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N prednisone Chemical compound O=C1C=C[C@]2(C)[C@H]3C(=O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanoborohydride Chemical compound [Na+].[B-]C#N BEOOHQFXGBMRKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/35—Allergens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/06—Aluminium, calcium or magnesium; Compounds thereof, e.g. clay
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/48—Fabaceae or Leguminosae (Pea or Legume family); Caesalpiniaceae; Mimosaceae; Papilionaceae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/57—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the type of response, e.g. Th1, Th2
- A61K2039/577—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characterised by the type of response, e.g. Th1, Th2 tolerising response
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation or decoction
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Description
a) ピーナッツを粉砕してピーナッツ粉末を得;
b) 該ピーナッツを、アセトン50mlあたりピーナッツ粉末5gを用いてアセトン中で30分間インキュベートして脱脂ピーナッツ粉末を得;
c) 該脱脂ピーナッツ粉末を乾燥させ;
d) 該乾燥ピーナッツ粉末をpH7〜9の緩衝液に懸濁し;
e) 生じた工程(d)の上清を単離し、それにより、ピーナッツ全抽出物を得る;
ことにより得られる。
図1は、個々のピーナッツアレルゲンおよびスペイン品種の抽出物のrp−HPLCパターンを示す。パネルA (個々のピーナッツアレルゲン): ピーク 7.3ml: Arah2; ピーク 9〜9.5ml: Arah6; ピーク 11ml: Arah1。パネルB (スペイン品種の抽出物): ブランク (MQ水); ピーク 7.3ml: Arah2; ピーク9〜9.5ml: Arah6; ピーク11ml: Arah1;
図2は、修飾前後の個々のピーナッツアレルゲンのrp−HPLCパターンを示す。一番上のパネル: Arah1、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す。真ん中のパネル: Arah2、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す。一番下のパネル: Arah6、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す。;
図3は、修飾前後の個々のピーナッツアレルゲンの遠紫外線CDスペクトルを示す。一番上のパネル: Arah1、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す。真ん中のパネル:Arah2、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す。一番下のパネル: Arah6、矢印は修飾前(天然)および修飾後(RA)を示す;
図4は、負荷後のピーナッツアレルギーマウスの体温を示す。上のパネル: 天然ピーナッツ抽出物を用いた負荷(0.1、0.6および3 mg/マウス)。下のパネル: 修飾ピーナッツ抽出物を用いた負荷(0.1、0.6および3 mg/マウス);
図5は、実施例6(A)で用いた感作、脱感作および負荷手法のタイムラインおよび実施例7(B)で用いた感作、脱感作および負荷手法のタイムラインを示す;
図6は、91日目に負荷試験を行ったマウスの体温(A)および85日目の肥満細胞の活性(B; mMCP−1)を示す;
図7は、112日目に負荷試験を行ったマウスの体温を示す;
図8は、全ての試験群の99日目の血清中のmMCP−1レベルを示す;
図9は、全ての試験群の99日目の血清中のIgE (A)、IgG1 (B)およびIgG2a (C)のレベルを示す。
4つの異なる品種(ランナー、スペイン、バレンシアおよびバージニア種)を含む12のピーナッツ試料を、Maleki博士(US Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, USA)よりご供与いただいた。これらの品種は、西欧および米国において通常消費されているものである。ピーナッツの一部を焙煎した(予め加熱した熱風循環炉内で、140℃にて15分間)。
X-Bridge BEH Phenyl 3.5 μm column (2.1 x 150 mm, Waters, Ireland)を備えたAgilent 1200 series HPLCを用いたrp−HPLC法によって、Arah1、Arah2およびArah6を定量化した。勾配溶出は、以下の移動相を用いて行った: (A) 0.1 % Milli Q (MQ) 水中TFAおよび(B) 0.085% メタノール中TFA。用いた勾配は、3% 溶出液B/分であり、溶出液B50%から始めて100%になるまで15分間続けた。クロマトグラムは、280nmおよび215nmにて記録した。215nmにおける記録を、ピーク面積の比較に用いた。
図1bは、ピーナッツ抽出物の例を示し、矢印はArah1、Arah2およびArah6に相当するピークを示す。この抽出物において、Arah1が最も豊富なアレルゲンであることが示されている。
精製したアレルゲンArah1、Arah2およびArah6を上に記載したように処理した。端的には、該アレルゲンをDTTとともに1時間60℃にてインキュベートし、IAAを添加し、該混合物を室温にて1.5時間インキュベートした。
ピーナッツアレルギーの患者20人から回収した血清を得、IgE ELISAを行った。ELISAプレートは、ピーナッツ抽出物でコートし、天然のピーナッツ抽出物のIgE結合力価を1とし、修飾ピーナッツ抽出物のIgE結合力価をその相対値とした。表3は、患者ごとの天然ピーナッツ抽出物に対して相対的な、修飾ピーナッツ抽出物の残存力価を示す。修飾ピーナッツ抽出物の残存力価の平均は、天然ピーナッツ抽出物の力価の7%である。
以前に記載されている方法により、マウスをピーナッツ抽出物に対してアレルギー性にした。これらのマウス(群ごとに6個体)を、天然もしくは修飾ピーナッツ抽出物のいずれ化を用いて負荷試験を行った。その後、90分間体温を測定した。該体温をプロットしたものを図4に示す。
導入
ピーナッツアレルギー免疫療法の生体内マウスモデルにおいて、試験製剤を、その有効性について解析した。これらの実験は、化学的に修飾したピーナッツ抽出物(水酸化アルミニウムに吸着させていても吸着させていなくてもよい)が、ピーナッツに感作させたマウスを処置するのに有効に使用できる可能性があることを示す。
マウス
5週齢の、特定病原体不在のメスC3H/HeOuJマウスを、Charles River, Franceより購入した。全てのマウスを特定病原体不在条件下で動物飼育施設(ユトレヒト大学、オランダ)に収容した。実験は、ユトレヒト大学の動物実験委員会の承認を受けている。用いた食事には、植物蛋白質(ダイズを含む)が含まれていたが、ピーナッツ蛋白質は含まれていなかった。
マウス (群ごとのn=6) を、マウス一匹につき、PBS 400μl中のピーナッツ抽出物(PE) 6mgおよびコレラトキシン(CT、List Biological Laboratories, Inc.) 15μgを、0、1、2、7、14、21、28日目に胃内(i.g.)投与することにより感作させた。対照マウスには、マウス一匹につき、PBS400μl中にCT15μgを含むPBSを投与した。42日目より、様々な群のマウスに様々な試験製剤(修飾PE +/- 水酸化アルミニウム)またはそのそれぞれの対照200μlを用いて、首への皮下(s.c.)投与による脱感作を、1週間に3回を3週間(実施例5)または1週間に2回を6週間(実施例6)行った(図5)。以降、非アレルギー性PBS感作マウスおよびアレルギー性PE感作マウス(免疫療法なし)を、それぞれ、PBS対照およびPE対照として示す。
アナフィラキシーショックの客観的パラメーターとして、体温を、腹腔内(i.p.)負荷の後、10〜20分ごとに90分間直腸検温により測定した。該モデルの過程におけるいくつかのタイムポイントにおいて、血液を、抗体およびmMCP−1(mast cell protease 1)を測定するために採取した。91日目 (実施例5)または112日目 (実施例6)に、マウスにi.p.負荷を行った直後、体温を90分間経過観察した。
結果
91日目のi.p.負荷の後、修飾PE製剤は、負荷後の体温低下により測定されるアナフィラキー応答を効果的に低下させた (図6A)。様々な濃度の修飾PEによる脱感作により、体温により測定されるアナフィラキーショック応答の改善について、0.03mgおよび0.1 mgを比較して、濃度依存的な効果が小さいことが示された(図6A)。
最も濃度の高い2つである、0.1および1mg mPEを比較しても、体温に違いは観察されない (図6A)。mPEによる免疫療法後における、体温低下の減少によって示されるアナフィラキーショック応答の改善は、同様に、85日目における肥満細胞の活性化レベルによっても示される (mMCP−1; 図6B)。試験した中で高い2つのIT用量(それぞれ、0.1および1mg/マウス)では、肥満細胞の活性が低下していたのに対し、最も低い用量 (0.03mg/マウス) では改善は見られなかった。
結果
112日目のi.p.負荷試験の後、免疫療法製剤(修飾PE単独およびアルミニウムに吸着させたもの)は、ともに、負荷後の体温低下により測定されるアナフィラキシー応答を効果的に低下させた(図7)。
還元およびアルキル化により修飾したピーナッツ抽出物は、i.p.負荷後のマウスにおけるアナフィラキシー応答を改善することができる。様々な免疫療法モデル(皮下注射、1週間に3回を3週間または1週間に2回を6週間)により、匹敵する有効な結果が得られることが示された。有効性は、ピーナッツ抽出物を水酸化アルミニウムに吸着させた後ではわずかに上昇する。これは、これらのマウスにおいて、IgG2a(ヒトIgG4に匹敵)のレベルが上昇することによるものであり得る。
Claims (8)
- 修飾ピーナッツ全抽出物およびアルミニウムと、薬学的に許容される希釈剤および/または賦形剤とを含む医薬組成物であって、該修飾ピーナッツ全抽出物が、還元され、続いてアルキル化されたピーナッツ全抽出物であり、Arah1、Arah2およびArah6を含み、かつ水酸化アルミニウムに吸着されている、医薬組成物。
- 該ピーナッツ全抽出物が脱脂されている、請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 該ピーナッツ全抽出物が可溶性ピーナッツカーネル蛋白質を含む、請求項1または2記載の医薬組成物。
- アレルギーに罹患する哺乳類の免疫療法による処置において用いるための、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 該哺乳類がヒトである、請求項4に記載の組成物。
- アレルゲンについて哺乳類の免疫系を脱感作するために治療的処置に用いるか、または該アレルゲンへの接触時にアレルギーを発症する素因が高い哺乳類の予防的処置に用いるための、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
- 該哺乳類がヒトである、請求項6に記載の組成物。
- 医薬に用いるための、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の組成物。
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