JP6176791B2 - Environmental energy storage system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy storage system using environmental energy.

  Conventionally, as one of technologies for storing electric power, a generator that generates electric power using environmental energy such as a solar cell, a secondary battery that stores electric power output from the generator, and an output of the generator A system including a charge control circuit that controls a charge amount of a secondary battery based on a voltage has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP2013-121243A

  Here, as described above, since the power generator generates power using environmental energy, the power generation amount of the power generator is very small compared to the case where power is generated using other energy. For this reason, in the conventional system, it is difficult to store the power output from the power generator in the secondary battery for a long period of time. Therefore, the storage capacity of the secondary battery is the power generation input to the secondary battery. In most cases, the capacity is set to a capacity that allows the power to be stored relatively quickly according to the amount, that is, a relatively small capacity. Therefore, in the conventional system, there has been no idea of setting the storage capacity of the secondary battery high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an environmental energy-based power storage system that can set the power storage capacity of power storage means such as a secondary battery to be high.

In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the environmental energy utilization type power storage system according to claim 1 is an environment for storing the electric power output from a power generation device that generates electric power using environmental energy. A voltage limiting unit that adjusts the power so that the voltage of the electric power is less than or equal to the predetermined amount only when the voltage of the electric power output from the power generator exceeds a predetermined amount, A first power storage means for storing the power output from the voltage limiting means, and a second power storage means for storing the power output from the first power storage means, wherein the power storage in the first power storage means When the amount of power stored in the second power storage means having a power storage capacity larger than the capacity and the first power storage means is less than the first predetermined amount, power storage by the first power storage means is continued. So, the charged amount if the second predetermined amount or more, and a control means for outputting toward the said first of said second storage means the power stored in the electricity storage means.
Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type | mold electrical storage system of Claim 2 is an environmental energy utilization type | mold electrical storage system of Claim 1, The said voltage restriction | limiting means WHEREIN: The voltage of the electric power output from the said electric power generating apparatus carries out predetermined amount. Only when the voltage exceeds the first voltage limiting means for adjusting the voltage of the power to be equal to or less than the predetermined amount, and the voltage of the power output from the first voltage limiting means is a predetermined amount of the first voltage limiting means The second voltage that adjusts the power so that the voltage of the power is less than or equal to the lower predetermined amount and outputs the adjusted power to the first power storage means only when the predetermined amount is lower than the lower predetermined amount. Limiting means.

Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of Claim 3 is an environmental energy utilization type electrical storage system of Claim 1 or 2 , The said 1st electrical storage means is the electric power output from the said several electric power generating apparatus. Is stored.

Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of Claim 4 is an environmental energy utilization type electrical storage system as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3. WHEREIN: A said 2nd electrical storage means is the maximum of the said electric power generating apparatus. Secondary battery with less self-discharge than the amount of power generated.

Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of Claim 5 is an environmental energy utilization type electrical storage system as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4. WHEREIN: A said 2nd electrical storage means is a nickel hydride battery. .

  According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system according to claim 1, the first power storage unit that stores the power output from the power generator and the second power storage unit that stores the power output from the first power storage unit. When the second power storage means having a power storage capacity larger than the power storage capacity in the first power storage means and the power storage amount in the first power storage means are less than the first predetermined amount, the first power storage means Control means for continuing the power storage by the power storage means and outputting the power stored in the first power storage means to the second power storage means when the amount of power storage is equal to or greater than a second predetermined amount. Therefore, even when the amount of power output from the power generator is very small, the output power can be reliably stored in the second power storage means. Therefore, the power storage capacity of the second power storage means can be set higher than that of the conventional system, so that power can be stored in the second power storage means for a long period of time.

Moreover, according to the environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of Claim 3 , since the 1st electrical storage means stores the electric power output from the several electric power generating apparatus, compared with the case where the number of electric power generating apparatuses is one, It is possible to reduce the time required for the amount of power stored in the second power storage unit to reach the full power storage state.

According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system according to claim 4 , since the second power storage means is a secondary battery with less self-discharge than the maximum power generation amount of the power generation device, the second power storage means Therefore, the second power storage means can store power for a longer period of time.

Further, according to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system of the fifth aspect , since the second power storage means is a nickel metal hydride battery, the leakage current in the second power storage means can be suppressed. This power storage means can store power for a longer period of time.

It is a block diagram which illustrates the electric power feeding system concerning this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the outline | summary of a 1st electric power generating apparatus. It is a schematic diagram which shows a 2nd electric power generating apparatus.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of an energy storage system using environmental energy according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited by these embodiments.

[I] Basic Concept of Embodiment First, the basic concept of the embodiment will be described. Embodiments generally relate to an environmental energy-based power storage system. This “environmental energy utilizing power storage system” is a system that stores power output from a power generation device that generates power using environmental energy. Here, “environmental energy” means energy existing in various forms in the environment, and is a concept including, for example, sunlight, heat, pressure, vibration, radio waves, and the like.

  In addition, the application target of the environmental energy-based power storage system according to the embodiment is arbitrary, but in the following, the power storage device in which the environmental energy-based power storage system is incorporated in a power supply system that supplies power to an external device A case where it is configured as will be described as an example.

[II] Specific Contents of Embodiment Next, specific contents of the embodiment will be described.

(Constitution)
Initially, the structure of the electric power feeding system which concerns on this Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a power feeding system according to this embodiment. The power supply system 1 is a system for supplying power to an external device. The power feeding system 1 includes a first power generation device 10, a second power generation device 20, and a power storage device 30, and each of the first power generation device 10 and the second power generation device 20 includes a power storage device 30 and a power line. It is electrically connected via (not shown).

(Configuration-first power generator)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of the first power generation device 10. In the following description, the X direction in FIG. 2 is the left-right direction (+ X direction is left direction, −X direction is right direction), Y direction is up and down direction (+ Y direction is upward direction, −Y direction is downward direction), A direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction is referred to as a front-rear direction. The 1st electric power generating apparatus 10 is an apparatus which generate | occur | produces electric power using the pressing force when the leg | foot of the user who is walking lands on the floor. As shown in FIG. 2, the first power generation device 10 is installed on the floor of a building or the like, and includes a housing 11 and a power generation plate 15.

(Configuration-first power generator-housing)
The housing 11 is a protection means for protecting the power generation plate 15 from the outside. The casing 11 is a substantially box-shaped body formed of, for example, an insulated metal material, and is a substantially box-shaped base portion 12 having one side surface (for example, an upper side surface) opened. The base part 12 which accommodates the plate 15 and the cover part 13 which substantially covers this base part 12 from the open surface side are comprised.

  Here, in each position corresponding to the side plate of the base portion 12 in the cover portion 13, a groove portion 14 opened on the lower surface is formed, so that the cover portion 13 can move up and down with respect to the base portion 12. The side plate is fitted in the groove 14. Further, between the groove portion 14 and the side plate, after the pressing force applied by the user during walking is removed, an elastic body (not shown) for pushing up the cover portion 13 to the upper position and returning it to the upper position (for example, A flexible material such as rubber).

(Configuration-1st power generator-Power generation plate)
The power generation plate 15 converts a pressing force applied by a walking user into electricity, and includes a diaphragm 16, piezoelectric elements 17 a and 17 b, a center spacer 18, and a peripheral spacer 19.

  The diaphragm 16 is a support that applies stress to the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b, and also serves as a reinforcing material that reinforces the cracking strength of the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b. The diaphragm 16 is formed of a disk-shaped body made of a steel material having flexibility and durability such as a stainless steel thin plate.

  The piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b are elements that generate electricity by being deformed by pressure. These piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b are thin plate-like bodies, and are formed of piezoelectric ceramics such as barium titanate and zirconia, and piezoelectric single crystals such as lithium tantalate (LiTaO3). The piezoelectric element 17 a is disposed so as to contact the upper surface of the diaphragm 16, and the piezoelectric element 17 b is disposed so as to contact the lower surface of the diaphragm 16, and these piezoelectric elements 17 a and 17 b are disposed on the diaphragm 16. On the other hand, it is joined by an adhesive or the like. Each of the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b is provided with an output terminal (specifically, a plus terminal and a minus terminal) that is a terminal for outputting the electric power generated in each of the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b to the outside. (The illustration of these parts is omitted). In addition, as the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b, or in place of the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b, any material that can generate electric power by an external force (including a force that causes distortion, bending, or compression) can be used. Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) or ion conductive polymer gel film (ICPF: Ionic Conducting) with metal (gold, etc.) plated on both sides of an ion conductive polymer film (gel) Polymergel Film) or an artificial muscle using these IPMC and ICPF can be used.

  The center spacer 18 forms a mutual space between the cover portion 13 of the housing 11 and the piezoelectric element 17a and the vibration plate 16, and applies the pressing force from the cover portion 13 to the piezoelectric elements 17a, 17b and the vibration plate 16. It is for transmission. The central spacer 18 is formed of a substantially columnar body or the like, and is disposed so as to contact the cover portion 13 and the piezoelectric element 17a at a substantially central position on the upper surface of the piezoelectric element 17a, and is bonded to the piezoelectric element 17a. It is fixed with agents.

  The peripheral spacer 19 forms a mutual interval between the base portion 12 of the housing 11, the piezoelectric element 17 b and the diaphragm 16. The peripheral spacer 19 is formed of a substantially annular body, and is in a position on the side of the piezoelectric elements 17 a and 17 b fixed to the diaphragm 16 and abuts on a position near the outer edge of the diaphragm 16. And is fixed to the diaphragm 16 with an adhesive or the like.

  The function of the first power generation device 10 configured as described above is as follows. That is, when the first power generation apparatus 10 receives a pressing force by a user who is walking, the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b of the power generation plate 15 are moved along with the movement of the cover portion 13 of the housing 11 downward. Can be pressed and deformed, so that power generation can be performed.

(Configuration-second power generator)
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the second power generation device 20. The second power generation device 20 is a pendulum type power generation device that generates electric power using the vibration of a part of the second power generation device 20. As shown in FIG. 3, the second power generation device 20 is installed on a wall surface of a building or the like, and includes a power generation plate 21 and a weight 24.

(Configuration-second power generator-power generation plate)
The power generation plate 21 is configured by omitting the central spacer 18 and the peripheral spacer 19 with respect to the components of the power generation plate 15 of the first power generation device 10 (that is, the diaphragm 22, the piezoelectric element 23a, 23b). Further, the power generation plate 21 is disposed so as to protrude substantially along the left-right direction from the installation surface W. For fixing the power generation plate 21, for example, the end of the power generation plate 21 on the installation surface W side of the vibration plate 22 (specifically, the left end of the vibration plate 22) is located with respect to the installation surface W. It is fixed by a fixture or the like.

(Configuration-second power generator-weight)
The weight 24 adjusts the natural frequency of the power generation plate 21. The weight 24 is a spherical body (or a rectangular body) formed of, for example, a steel material or a rubber material. Further, the weight 24 (specifically, right end portion of the diaphragm 22) opposite end portions and the installation surface W side of the diaphragm 22 of the power plate 21 is disposed, with respect to the vibrating body Are connected by fixtures or welding.

  The function of the second power generation device 20 configured as described above is as follows. That is, the power generation plate 21 is shaken in the vertical direction by an impact force when the power generation plate 21 or the weight 24 of the second power generation device 20 is pushed and pulled downward (or upward) (that is, The power generation plate 21 vibrates freely). In this case, when the power generation plate 21 swings downward, the piezoelectric element 23b of the power generation plate 21 can be pressed and deformed. When the power generation plate 21 swings upward, the power generation plate 21 Since the piezoelectric element 23a of the plate 21 can be pressed and deformed, power generation can be performed.

  As described above, since the electric power generated by the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20 can be output to the power storage device 30, the amount of power stored in the power storage device 30 compared to the case where there is one power generation device. It is possible to reduce the time required for the battery to be fully charged.

(Configuration-power storage device)
The power storage device 30 is a device that stores the power output from the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20. The power storage device 30 includes a circuit board (not shown) for realizing various functions of the power storage device 30. Further, the circuit board includes input units 31a and 31b, rectifying units 32a and 32b, a first voltage limiting unit 33, a second voltage limiting unit 34, a first power storage unit 35, and a current limiting unit 36. A switch unit 37, a second power storage unit 38, a DC / DC conversion unit 39, an output unit 40, and a control unit 41 are mounted.

(Configuration-Power storage device-Input unit)
The input unit 31 a is an input unit for acquiring the power output from the first power generation device 10. The input unit 31b is an input unit for acquiring the power output from the second power generation device 20. Each of these input parts 31a and 31b is comprised as a terminal respectively connected via the power line to the input terminal of the power generation plate 15 of the 1st power generation apparatus 10 (or the power generation plate 21 of the 2nd power generation apparatus 20), for example. Yes.

(Configuration-Power storage device-Rectifier)
The rectification unit 32a is a rectification unit that rectifies the voltage (specifically, AC voltage) of the power output from the input unit 31a into a DC voltage. For example, the rectification unit 32a performs full-wave rectification on the voltage of the power output from the input unit 31a. Thus, rectification is performed (the same applies to rectification of the rectification unit 32b). The rectifying unit 32b is a rectifying unit that rectifies the voltage (specifically, AC voltage) of the power output from the input unit 31b into a DC voltage. Each of these rectifiers 32a and 32b is configured using a known rectifier circuit having a plurality of diodes, for example.

(Configuration-power storage device-first voltage limiting unit and second voltage limiting unit)
When the voltage of the power rectified by the rectification unit 32a or the rectification unit 32b exceeds a predetermined amount (for example, 10V or the like), the first voltage limiting unit 33 causes the voltage of the power to be equal to or less than the predetermined amount. The first voltage limiting means to be adjusted is configured using, for example, a Zener diode. The second voltage limiting unit 34 adjusts the power voltage to be equal to or lower than the predetermined amount when the voltage of the power output from the first voltage limiting unit 33 exceeds a predetermined amount (for example, 5V). The second voltage limiting means is constituted by using, for example, a regulator with a relatively low loss.

  Thus, since the first voltage limiting unit 33 and the second voltage limiting unit 34 are mounted on the circuit board, the voltage of the power rectified by the rectifying unit 32a or the rectifying unit 32b is approximated to the voltage amount of the circuit board. As compared with a case where only a voltage limiting unit (for example, a Zener diode) that is adjusted to be equal to or less than a voltage amount to be adjusted (for example, a Zener diode) is mounted, it is possible to avoid an increase in leakage current of the voltage limiting unit.

(Configuration-power storage device-first power storage unit)
The first power storage unit 35 is a first power storage unit for storing the power output from the second voltage limiting unit 34. The first power storage unit 35 is configured using, for example, an electric field capacitor having a relatively low leakage current in order to increase the power storage efficiency of the first power storage unit 35. Here, as for the storage capacity of the first power storage unit 35, specifically, when this storage capacity is set excessively, the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 is likely to be lost due to self-discharge. When the storage capacity is set too small, the number of times of switching of the switch unit 37, which will be described later, increases, so that the power is easily lost. Therefore, the capacity that minimizes the power loss in consideration of these balances. Is set to

(Configuration-Power storage device-Current limiting unit)
When the electric current output from the first electric storage unit 35 toward the second electric storage unit 38 exceeds a predetermined amount (for example, 30 mA), the current limiting unit 36 has the electric current less than the predetermined amount. For example, the current limiting unit is configured using a known current limiting resistor.

(Configuration-Power storage device-Switch part)
The switch unit 37 is a switching unit that selectively switches whether the power output from the current limiting unit 36 is output to the second power storage unit 38, for example, an FET switch that can be operated with relatively low power Etc. are used.

(Configuration-power storage device-second power storage unit)
The second power storage unit 38 is a second power storage unit for storing the power output from the first power storage unit 35 via the current limiting unit 36 and the switch unit 37. The second power storage unit 38 is configured using a secondary battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery, for example, so that leakage current in the second power storage unit 38 can be suppressed. Here, the power storage capacity of the second power storage unit 38 is specifically a power storage capacity larger than the power storage capacity of the first power storage unit 35, and the power stored in the second power storage unit 38 is long-term. It is set by the capacity that can be stored over.

  Here, the reason why the first power storage unit 35 and the second power storage unit 38 are provided in the power storage device 30 is as follows. Specifically, when only the second power storage unit 38 is provided in the power storage device 30, as described above, the power storage capacity of the second power storage unit 38 is necessary so that power can be stored for a long period of time. Therefore, the power stored in the second power storage unit 38 due to self-discharge tends to be lost. For this reason, even if the electric power output from the 1st electric power generating apparatus 10 or the 2nd electric power generating apparatus 20 is input into the 2nd electrical storage part 38, there is a problem that this input electric power is hardly stored in the 2nd electrical storage part 38. It will occur. Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the power storage device 30 includes the first power storage unit 35 and the second power storage unit 38, and the first power storage unit 35 until the amount of power stored in the second power storage unit 38 is reached. The electric power is stored at, and the stored electric power is output to the second power storage unit 38, whereby the power can be reliably stored in the second power storage unit 38. From such a viewpoint, the second power storage unit 38 is set so that the self-discharge (leakage current) of the second power storage unit 38 is smaller than the maximum power generation amount of the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20. It is preferable to select. For example, when both the first power generation device 10 and the second power generation device 20 are configured as the pendulum type power generation device shown in FIG. 3, when the maximum power generation amount is about 100 μA, the second power storage unit 38. It is preferable to select the second power storage unit 38 so that the self-discharge (leakage current) is about 100 μA or less.

(Configuration-Power storage device-DC / DC converter)
The direct current / direct current conversion unit 39 is direct current / direct current conversion means for converting the voltage in the electric power output from the second power storage unit 38 into a desired voltage amount (for example, 3.3 V).

(Configuration-Power storage device-Output unit)
The output unit 40 is an output unit that outputs the electric power converted by the DC / DC conversion unit 39 to the outside, and is configured using, for example, a known output terminal.

(Configuration-Power storage device-Control unit)
The control unit 41 is a control unit that controls each unit of the power storage device 30. In particular, the control unit 41 is a control unit that performs control related to power storage of the first power storage unit 35 and the second power storage unit 38. The control unit 41 includes, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and non-volatile storage means (not shown), and interprets and executes the control program stored in the non-volatile storage means by the CPU. Various controls including the switching control are performed.

  In addition, the control unit 41 includes a voltage detection unit 41a and an overdischarge detection unit 41b in terms of functional concept. Here, the voltage detection unit 41 a is voltage detection means for detecting the voltage of the power stored in the first power storage unit 35. The overdischarge detection unit 41 b is an overdischarge detection unit that detects the voltage of the electric power stored in the second power storage unit 38.

(About the function of the power storage device)
The function of the power storage device 30 configured as described above is as follows.

  First, a function when power is stored in the second power storage unit 38 will be described.

  First, when power is output from the first power generation device 10 and the second power generation device 20, the output power is acquired by the input unit 31a and the input unit 31b.

  Next, the voltage of the power output from the input unit 31a is rectified by the rectification unit 32a. Moreover, the voltage of the electric power output from the input part 31b is rectified by the rectification part 32b.

  Next, the power output from the rectifying unit 32 a or the rectifying unit 32 b is input to the first voltage limiting unit 33. Here, when the voltage of the input power is a predetermined amount or less (for example, 10 V or less), the power is output as it is. On the other hand, when the voltage of the input power is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the first voltage limiter 33 adjusts the voltage of the power to be equal to or less than the predetermined amount.

  Next, the power output from the first voltage limiting unit 33 is input to the second voltage limiting unit 34. Here, when the voltage of the input power is a predetermined amount or less (for example, 5 V or less), the power is output as it is. On the other hand, when the voltage of the input power is equal to or less than a predetermined amount, the voltage of the power is adjusted by the second voltage limiting unit 34 so as to be equal to or less than the predetermined amount.

  Next, the electric power output from the second voltage limiting unit 34 is stored in the first power storage unit 35. In this case, the control unit 41 controls the power storage of the first power storage unit 35 based on the voltage amount detected by the voltage detection unit 41a (that is, the voltage amount of the power stored in the first power storage unit 35). I do.

  Specifically, when the voltage amount of the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 is less than a first predetermined amount (for example, less than 4.5 V, etc.), the control unit 41 controls the first power storage unit 35. The switch unit 37 is controlled to be opened in order to continue the power storage. In this case, the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 does not flow below the switch unit 37. On the other hand, when the voltage amount of the electric power stored in the first power storage unit 35 is equal to or larger than a second predetermined amount (for example, 4.5 V or higher), the control unit 41 is charged in the first power storage unit 35. In order to output the generated electric power toward the second power storage unit 38, the switch unit 37 is closed. In this case, the electric power stored in the first power storage unit 35 flows to the lower stage side than the switch unit 37. By performing the control as described above, even when the amount of electric power output from the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20 is very small, the second power storage unit 38 can be reliably charged. . In addition to this, for example, after the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 is output toward the second power storage unit 38, the voltage amount of the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 is the third amount. When the voltage reaches a predetermined amount (for example, 2.8 V or more), the control unit 41 may open-control the switch unit 37 in order to restart the power storage by the first power storage unit 35.

  Subsequently, when the switch unit 37 is controlled to be closed, the power output from the first power storage unit 35 is input to the current limiting unit 36. Here, when the current of the input power is equal to or less than a predetermined amount (for example, 30 mA or less), this power is output as it is, but when the current of the input power is equal to or less than the predetermined amount, the power The current limiter 36 adjusts the current to be equal to or less than a predetermined amount.

  The electric power output from the current limiting unit 36 is stored in the second power storage unit 38.

  Next, functions when power is output from the second power storage unit 38 will be described.

  First, the control unit 41 controls the power storage of the second power storage unit 38 based on the voltage amount detected by the overdischarge detection unit 41b (that is, the voltage amount of the power stored in the second power storage unit 38). .

  Specifically, when the voltage amount of the electric power stored in the second power storage unit 38 is less than a fourth predetermined amount (for example, less than 2.0 V, etc.), the control unit 41 controls the second power storage unit 38. In order to prevent the second power storage unit 38 from being overdischarged by disconnecting the external device from the external device, the DC / DC conversion unit 39 is OFF-controlled. In this case, the power stored in the second power storage unit 38 does not flow to the lower stage side than the DC / DC converter 39. On the other hand, when the voltage amount of the power stored in the second power storage unit 38 is equal to or greater than a fourth predetermined amount (for example, 2.0 V or more), the control unit 41 is stored in the second power storage unit 38. The direct current / direct current converter 39 is controlled to be turned on in order to output the generated electric power to an external device. In this case, the electric power stored in the second power storage unit 38 flows below the DC / DC converter 39. By performing the control as described above, it is possible to avoid the second power storage unit 38 from being in an overdischarged state, so that the deterioration of the second power storage unit 38 can be suppressed.

  Subsequently, when the DC / DC conversion unit 39 is ON-controlled, the voltage of the power output from the second power storage unit 38 is changed to a desired voltage amount (for example, 3.3V) by the DC / DC conversion unit 39. Etc.).

  The electric power converted by the DC / DC converter 39 is input to the output unit 40. In this case, when the output unit 40 and the external device are electrically connected, the input power is output to the external device.

(effect)
Thus, according to the present embodiment, the first power storage unit 35 that stores the power output from the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20 and the power output from the first power storage unit 35 are stored. When the second power storage unit 38 is a second power storage unit 38 having a power storage capacity larger than the power storage capacity of the first power storage unit 35, and the power storage amount of the first power storage unit 35 is less than the first predetermined amount. Control that causes the first power storage unit 35 to continue power storage and outputs the power stored in the first power storage unit 35 to the second power storage unit 38 when the power storage amount is equal to or greater than a second predetermined amount. Unit 41, even if the amount of power output from the first power generation device 10 or the second power generation device 20 is very small, the output power is reliably stored in the second power storage unit 38. can do. Therefore, since the storage capacity of the second power storage unit 38 can be set higher than that of the conventional system, the second power storage unit 38 can store power for a long period of time.

  Moreover, since the 1st electrical storage part 35 stores the electric power output from the 1st electric power generating apparatus 10 and the 2nd electric power generating apparatus 20, compared with the case where the number of electric power generating apparatuses is one, the electrical storage amount of the 2nd electrical storage part 38 is larger. It is possible to reduce the time required to reach the fully charged state.

  In addition, since the second power storage unit 38 is a nickel metal hydride battery, leakage current in the second power storage unit 38 can be suppressed, so that power can be stored in the second power storage unit 38 for a longer period of time. Become.

[III] Modifications to Embodiments While the embodiments according to the present invention have been described above, the specific configuration and means of the present invention are within the scope of the technical idea of each invention described in the claims. Can be arbitrarily modified and improved. Hereinafter, such a modification will be described.

(About problems to be solved and effects of the invention)
First, the problems to be solved by the invention and the effects of the invention are not limited to the above-described contents, and the present invention solves the problems not described above or has the effects not described above. There are also cases where only some of the described problems are solved or only some of the described effects are achieved. For example, even if it may be difficult to set the power storage capacity of the second power storage means higher than that of the conventional system, if the means of the present invention is different from the conventional system means, The problem has been solved.

(About distribution and integration)
Further, each of the electrical components described above is functionally conceptual and does not necessarily need to be physically configured as illustrated. In other words, the specific forms of distribution and integration of each unit are not limited to those shown in the drawings, and all or a part thereof may be functionally or physically distributed or integrated in arbitrary units according to various loads or usage conditions. Can be configured. For example, the power storage device 30 may be distributed among a plurality of devices. Further, in the case of distributing each part, the cooperation between these parts can be performed by one or both of wired and wireless.

(About shape, numerical value, structure, time series)
Regarding the constituent elements exemplified in the embodiment and the drawings, the shape, numerical value, or the structure of a plurality of constituent elements or the mutual relationship in time series may be arbitrarily modified and improved within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. Can do.

(About power generator)
In the said embodiment, although demonstrated that the number of installation of a power generation device was two, it is not restricted to this, One may be sufficient, and three or more may be sufficient. In this case, the number of input units and rectification units corresponding to the number of installed power generation devices are provided on the circuit board.

  In the above-described embodiment, the power generation device is described as a device that generates electric power using pressure or vibration, but is not limited thereto. For example, the power generation device may be a known solar power generation device including a solar cell that generates power using sunlight, a known wind power generation device using wind power, or a known hydropower using hydropower. Known temperature difference power generation device that generates power by temperature difference using a power generation device, Peltier element, etc., known radio wave power generation device that generates power by radio waves, known sound that generates power by vibrating a piezoelectric element or the like by sound energy Any type of power generation device using environmental energy, such as a power generation device, can be used.

(About power generation plate)
In the above embodiment, the power generation plate 15 of the first power generation device 10 has been described as a power generation plate (so-called bimorph type) in which piezoelectric elements are provided on both sides of the vibration plate 16. A power generation plate (so-called unimorph type) provided with a piezoelectric element on any one of the 16 side surfaces may be used (the same applies to the power generation plate 21 of the second power generation device 20).

  In the above-described embodiment, the power generation plate 15 of the first power generation device 10 has been described as including the diaphragm 16 and the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b. For example, the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b are protected. Therefore, a resin (such as a piezo film) for covering all or part of the piezoelectric elements 17a and 17b may be further provided. Alternatively, for example, the diaphragm 16 may be omitted (the same applies to the power generation plate 21 of the second power generation device 20).

(About the first power storage unit)
Although the case where only one first power storage unit 35 is provided has been described in the above embodiment, a plurality of first power storage units 35 may be provided.

(About the second power storage unit)
In the above embodiment, it has been described that the second power storage unit 38 is configured using a nickel battery. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the second power storage unit 38 is configured using an electric double layer capacitor or other arbitrary power storage means. May be. In particular, the capacity of the second power storage unit is preferably larger than the capacity of the first power storage unit.

  In the above-described embodiment, the number of second power storage units 38 installed is described as one, but a plurality of second power storage units 38 may be provided. In this case, for the control related to the power storage of the second power storage unit 38, for example, when the voltage amount of the total power stored in the plurality of second power storage units 38 is less than a fourth predetermined amount (or a plurality of second power storage units 38). When the voltage amount of the electric power stored in any one of the power storage units 38 is less than a fifth predetermined amount (for example, less than 1.0 V), the control unit 41 includes the DC / DC conversion unit 39. When the voltage amount of the total power stored in the plurality of second power storage units 38 is equal to or greater than the fourth predetermined amount, the control unit 41 controls the DC / DC conversion unit 39 to ON. Also good.

(About the output section)
Although the case where only one output unit 40 is provided has been described in the above embodiment, a plurality of output units 40 may be provided.

(Appendix)
The environmental energy utilization type energy storage system according to appendix 1 is an environment energy utilization type energy storage system that stores electric power output from a power generation device that generates electric power using environmental energy, and is output from the power generation device. A first power storage means for storing the stored power and a second power storage means for storing the power output from the first power storage means, wherein the power storage capacity is larger than the power storage capacity of the first power storage means. When the amount of power stored in the second power storage means and the first power storage means is less than a first predetermined amount, the power storage by the first power storage means is continued, and the power storage amount is equal to or greater than a second predetermined amount. And a control means for outputting the power stored in the first power storage means to the second power storage means.

  Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of appendix 2 is an environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of appendix 1, The said 1st electrical storage means stores the electric power output from the said several electric power generating apparatus.

  Further, the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 3 is the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 1 or 2, wherein the second power storage means is more self-discharge than the maximum power generation amount of the power generation device. There are few secondary batteries.

  Moreover, the environmental energy utilization type electrical storage system according to appendix 4 is the environmental energy utilization type electrical storage system according to any one of appendices 1 to 3, wherein the second power storage means is a nickel metal hydride battery.

(Additional effects)
According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 1, the first power storage unit that stores the power output from the power generator and the second power storage unit that stores the power output from the first power storage unit. When the second power storage means having a power storage capacity larger than the power storage capacity in the first power storage means and the power storage amount in the first power storage means are less than the first predetermined amount, the first power storage Control means for continuing the power storage by the means and outputting the power stored in the first power storage means to the second power storage means when the stored amount is equal to or greater than the second predetermined amount. Therefore, even when the amount of power output from the power generator is very small, the output power can be reliably stored in the second power storage means. Therefore, the power storage capacity of the second power storage means can be set higher than that of the conventional system, so that power can be stored in the second power storage means for a long period of time.

  According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 2, the first power storage unit stores the power output from the plurality of power generation devices. It is possible to reduce the time required for the amount of power stored in the power storage means to reach a fully charged state.

  According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 3, the second power storage means is a secondary battery that has less self-discharge than the maximum power generation amount of the power generation device, so that the leakage current in the second power storage means Therefore, it is possible to store electric power for a longer period in the second power storage unit.

  According to the environmental energy utilization type power storage system described in appendix 4, since the second power storage means is a nickel metal hydride battery, leakage current in the second power storage means can be suppressed. Thus, it is possible to store electric power for a longer period of time.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric power feeding system 10 1st electric power generating apparatus 11 Case 12 Base part 13 Cover part 14 Groove part 15 Electric power generation plate 16 Vibration plate 17a, 17b Piezoelectric element 18 Center spacer 19 Peripheral spacer 20 Second electric power generation device 21 Electric power generation plate 22 Vibration plates 23a, 23b Piezoelectric element 24 Weight 30 Power storage device 31a, 31b Input unit 32a, 32b Rectifier 33 First voltage limiting unit 34 Second voltage limiting unit 35 First power storage unit 36 Current limiting unit 37 Switch unit 38 Second power storage unit 39 DC / DC Conversion unit 40 Output unit 41 Control unit 41a Voltage detection unit 41b Overdischarge detection unit W Installation surface

Claims (5)

An energy storage system using energy storage that stores the power output from a power generation device that generates power using environmental energy,
Voltage limiting means for adjusting the power so that the voltage of the power is less than or equal to the predetermined amount only when the voltage of the power output from the power generator exceeds a predetermined amount;
First power storage means for storing power output from the voltage limiting means ;
Second power storage means for storing the power output from the first power storage means, the second power storage means having a power storage capacity larger than the power storage capacity of the first power storage means;
When the amount of electricity stored in the first electricity storage means is less than a first predetermined amount, the electricity storage by the first electricity storage means is continued, and when the amount of electricity stored is greater than or equal to a second predetermined amount, Control means for outputting the power stored in one power storage means to the second power storage means;
An energy storage system using environmental energy. The voltage limiting means is
First voltage limiting means for adjusting the voltage of the power to be equal to or less than the predetermined amount only when the voltage of the power output from the power generator exceeds a predetermined amount;
Only when the voltage of the power output from the first voltage limiting means exceeds a predetermined amount lower than the predetermined amount of the first voltage limiting means, the power is adjusted so that the voltage of the power is not more than the low predetermined amount. And a second voltage limiting means for outputting the adjusted power toward the first power storage means,
The environmental energy utilization type electricity storage system according to claim 1. The first power storage means stores power output from the plurality of power generation devices,
The environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system of Claim 1 or 2. The second power storage means is a secondary battery that has less self-discharge than the maximum power generation amount of the power generation device.
The environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3. The second power storage means is a nickel metal hydride battery.
The environmental energy utilization type | formula electrical storage system as described in any one of Claim 1 to 4.

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