JP6173363B2 - Separation apparatus and method for producing water-absorbing treatment material - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a separation device and a method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material using the same.

  As a conventional separation apparatus, for example, there is one described in Patent Document 1. In the separation apparatus described in the document, first, a defective product such as a paper diaper in which a water absorbing member is loaded inside the exterior material is cut into a predetermined size by a cutting machine. Next, the cut product is fed into the separator by air transportation.

  The separator has a rotating shaft provided so as to be rotatable around its own axis and a cylindrical net provided so as to surround the rotating shaft and to be concentrically rotatable in the opposite direction. A plurality of stirring rods are provided radially on the rotation shaft. The cut product sent to the separator is separated into an exterior material and a water-absorbing member by a rotating shaft and a cylindrical net that rotate in opposite directions. This water absorbing member is sieved by the mesh of the cylindrical net.

JP-A-8-117688

  By the way, in recent years, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, there is an increasing need for technology for reusing PVC wallpaper as waste. When reusing PVC wallpaper, it is necessary to separate the polyvinyl chloride contained in the wallpaper from the paper. For such separation, the above-described separation device can be used. However, it is difficult for the above-described separation apparatus to separate polyvinyl chloride and paper with high efficiency.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said subject, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of the separation apparatus with high separation efficiency, and a water absorption processing material using the same.

  The separation device according to the present invention includes a first shredding part for shredding a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper containing polyvinyl chloride and paper, and a first hitting the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding part. The first beating member has a beating member, and the first beating member is beaten by the first beating unit and the first beating unit that promotes dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper by beating the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper. A first cylindrical portion having a plurality of first holes through which the polyvinyl chloride passes without passing through the paper contained in the PVC wallpaper, and is beaten by the first beating portion. A first separation portion for separating the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the first hole from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by rotating the first cylindrical portion in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is accommodated. It is characterized by providing.

  In this separation device, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is shredded by the first shredder. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding unit is sent to the first beating unit. In the first beating unit, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is beaten by the first beating member. The PVC wallpaper struck by the first beating unit is sent to the first separation unit. In the first separation part, the polyvinyl chloride released from the paper is discharged out of the first cylindrical part through the first hole by rotating the first cylindrical part. Thereby, polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  Thus, in the separation device of the present invention, the beating by the first beating unit is performed prior to the separation by the first separating unit. This tapping promotes the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper. As a result, the polyvinyl chloride is easily separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the first separation section, so that the separation efficiency is improved. Here, the separation efficiency refers to the ratio of the weight of polyvinyl chloride separated from the PVC wallpaper to the weight of the polyvinyl chloride contained in the PVC wallpaper immediately before the treatment.

  According to the present invention, a separation device with high separation efficiency and a method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material using the separation device are realized.

It is a block diagram which shows one Embodiment of the separation apparatus by this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 20 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 20 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is a side view which shows the separation part 30 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the cross section along the VV line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 50 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 50 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is a side view which shows the separation part 60 in the separation apparatus of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure of the cross section along the IX-IX line of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of the water absorption processing material by this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 20 which concerns on one modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the beating part 20 of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the effect of the beating part 20 of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 50 which concerns on one modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 20 which concerns on another modification. It is sectional drawing which shows the beating part 50 which concerns on another modification. It is a top view which shows the tapping member 22 which concerns on one modification. It is a top view which shows the tapping member 52 which concerns on one modification. It is a side view which shows the tapping member 22 which concerns on another modification. It is a side view which shows the tapping member 52 which concerns on another modification. It is a figure for demonstrating the modification of the protrusion 34 shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the description of the drawings, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same elements, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a separation apparatus according to the present invention. The separation apparatus 1 dissociates the second material from the first material by processing the processing object including the first material and the second material attached to the first material, and the processing object. The second material is separated from the material. In the present embodiment, the processing object is a PVC wallpaper, the first material is paper, and the second material is polyvinyl chloride.

  The separating apparatus 1 includes a shredding unit 10 (first shredding unit), a beating unit 20 (first beating unit), a separating unit 30 (first separating unit), and a shredding unit 40 (second shredding unit). Part), a beating unit 50 (second beating unit), and a separating unit 60 (second separating unit).

  The shredder 10 shreds the PVC wallpaper. As the shredder 10, for example, a crusher or a pulverizer can be used. The shredder 10 is provided with a screen. The hole diameter of the screen is, for example, 10 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

  The structure of the beating unit 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The beating unit 20 includes a tapping member 22 (first tapping member), a rotation shaft 24 (first rotation shaft), and a housing portion 26 (first housing portion). The tapping member 22 strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 10. Specifically, the hitting member 22 has a plate shape and hits the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the plate surface.

  The rotating shaft 24 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating shaft 24 is horizontal. Cross sections parallel and perpendicular to the central axis are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. The hitting member 22 described above is attached around the rotating shaft 24. In the present embodiment, a plurality of tapping members 22 are provided. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the tapping member 22 is provided at a plurality of locations (5 locations in the present embodiment) along the central axis of the rotating shaft 24. As can be seen from FIG. 3, a plurality (eight in this embodiment) of tapping members 22 are radially attached around the rotation shaft 24 at each location. Each tapping member 22 is disposed so that the thickness direction thereof is orthogonal to the central axis. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 24 is 15 cm or more and 25 cm or less, for example.

  The accommodating portion 26 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to surround the tapping member 22 and the rotating shaft 24. The central axis of the accommodating portion 26 coincides with the central axis of the rotation shaft 24. In the accommodating part 26, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding part 10 is accommodated. The internal diameter of the accommodating part 26 is 30 cm or more and 50 cm or less, for example. Moreover, the space | interval of the internal peripheral surface of the accommodating part 26 and the front-end | tip of the tapping member 22 is 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less, for example.

  The beating unit 20 promotes dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper by beating the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the beating member 22. Specifically, the rotating shaft 24 is rotated in a state where the PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 10 is housed in the housing unit 26. Then, the tapping member 22 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 24 repeatedly strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper, and dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper is promoted by the striking force and the like. At this time, a part of the polyvinyl chloride completely dissociates from the paper. The polyvinyl chloride thus separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is discharged out of the beating unit 20 by a discharge means (not shown).

  The structure of the separation unit 30 will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the separation unit 30. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a cross-sectional structure along the line V-V in FIG. 4. The separation part 30 has a drum 32 (first cylindrical part). The drum 32 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the drum 32 is horizontal. The inner diameter of the drum 32 is, for example, not less than 30 cm and not more than 50 cm.

  The drum 32 has a large number of holes 32a (first holes). The hole 32 a is formed over substantially the entire drum 32. The hole 32a does not allow the paper contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the beating unit 20 to pass through, but allows polyvinyl chloride to pass through. The diameter of the hole 32a is, for example, 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less. The separation unit 30 separates the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the holes 32a from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by rotating the drum 32 while the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the beating unit 20 is accommodated.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32, a protrusion 34 (first protrusion) is provided. The protrusion 34 extends in the central axis direction of the drum 32. The protrusion 34 extends over substantially the entire path from the inlet side (left side in FIG. 4) to the outlet side (right side in FIG. 4) of the drum 32. Further, the protrusion 34 has a substantially triangular cross section. The height of the protrusion 34 (the length in the radial direction of the drum 32) is, for example, 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. It is preferable that p protrusions 34 (p: an integer of 3 to 5) are provided. The p protrusions 34 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 at equal intervals. That is, in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the drum 32 (the cross section shown in FIG. 5), a line connecting one protrusion 34 and the central axis, and a line connecting the adjacent protrusion 34 and the central axis. The angle α made with the minute is approximately equal to 360 ° / p. In this embodiment, p = 4 and α = 90 °.

  A rotating rod 36 and a screw member 38 are provided inside the drum 32. The rotating rod 36 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating rod 36 coincides with the central axis of the drum 32. However, the rotating rod 36 rotates independently of the drum 32. The outer diameter of the rotating rod 36 is, for example, not less than 15 cm and not more than 25 cm.

  A screw member 38 is provided around the rotating rod 36 so as to draw a spiral. The screw member 38 is fixed to the rotating rod 36 and rotates together with the rotating rod 36. A plurality of teeth 39 are formed on the screw member 38. The end portion of the tooth 39 is constituted by a side 39a and a side 39b in a front view (see FIG. 5).

  The side 39 a extends in the radial direction of the drum 32 and the rotating rod 36. The inner end of the side 39a (the end closer to the rotating rod 36) exists at a position away from the rotating rod 36. Similarly, the outer end of the side 39 a (the end closer to the drum 32) exists at a position away from the drum 32. The distance between the outer end of the side 39a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 is, for example, 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less. However, the interval is set larger than the height of the protrusion 34. The side 39 b connects the outer end of the side 39 a and the inner end of the side 39 a of the adjacent tooth 39. The side 39b is longer than the side 39a. The ratio of the length of the side 39b to the length of the side 39a is, for example, 2 or more and 2.5 or less.

  The rotating rod 36 and the screw member 38 rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise) in FIG. That is, in the tooth 39, the side 39b is positioned forward in the rotational direction, and the side 39a is positioned rearward in the rotational direction. The rotation direction of the drum 32 described above may be the same as the rotation direction of the rotation rod 36 and the screw member 38 or may be opposite. When these rotation directions are the same, it is preferable that the rotation speed of the rotating rod 36 and the screw member 38 is larger than the rotation speed of the drum 32.

  The shredder 40 shreds the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper from which the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the holes 32a is separated by the separator 30. As the shredder 40, for example, a crusher or a pulverizer can be used. The shredder 40 is provided with a screen. The hole diameter of the screen is, for example, not less than 0.3 mm and not more than 3 mm.

  The structure of the beating unit 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7. The beating unit 50 includes a tapping member 52 (second tapping member), a rotating shaft 54 (second rotating shaft), and a housing portion 56 (second housing portion). The tapping member 52 strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 40. Specifically, the hitting member 52 has a plate shape and hits the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the plate surface.

  The rotating shaft 54 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating shaft 54 is horizontal. Cross sections parallel and perpendicular to the central axis are shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively. The hitting member 52 described above is attached around the rotation shaft 54. In the present embodiment, a plurality of tapping members 52 are provided. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the tapping member 52 is provided at a plurality of locations (5 locations in the present embodiment) along the central axis of the rotation shaft 54. As can be seen from FIG. 7, a plurality (eight in the present embodiment) of tapping members 52 are radially attached around the rotating shaft 54 at each location. Each tapping member 52 is arranged so that the thickness direction thereof is orthogonal to the central axis. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft 54 is, for example, not less than 15 cm and not more than 25 cm.

  The accommodating portion 56 has a substantially cylindrical shape and is provided so as to surround the tapping member 52 and the rotating shaft 54. The central axis of the housing portion 56 coincides with the central axis of the rotation shaft 54. In the accommodating part 56, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding part 40 is accommodated. The inner diameter of the accommodating portion 56 is, for example, not less than 30 cm and not more than 50 cm. The interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 56 and the tip of the tapping member 52 is smaller than the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 26 and the tip of the tapping member 22, for example, 0.2 mm or more and 2 mm or less. is there.

  The beating unit 50 promotes dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper by beating the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the beating member 52. Specifically, the rotating shaft 54 is rotated in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredding unit 40 is housed in the housing unit 56. Then, the tapping member 52 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 54 repeatedly strikes the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper, and dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper is promoted by the striking force and the like. At this time, a part of the polyvinyl chloride completely dissociates from the paper. The polyvinyl chloride thus separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is discharged out of the beating unit 50 by a discharge means (not shown).

  The structure of the separation unit 60 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 is a side view showing the separation unit 60. FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a cross-sectional structure along the line IX-IX in FIG. 8. The separation part 60 has a drum 62 (second cylindrical part). The drum 62 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the drum 62 is horizontal. The inner diameter of the drum 62 is, for example, not less than 30 cm and not more than 50 cm.

  A large number of holes 62 a (second holes) are formed in the drum 62. The hole 62 a is formed over substantially the entire drum 62. The hole 62a does not allow the paper contained in the PVC wallpaper struck by the beating unit 50 to pass, but allows the polyvinyl chloride to pass therethrough. The area of the hole 62a in plan view is smaller than the area of the hole 32a in plan view. The diameter of the hole 62a is, for example, not less than 0.2 mm and not more than 2 mm. The separation unit 60 rotates the drum 62 while the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the beating unit 50 is accommodated, thereby separating the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the holes 62a from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper.

  On the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62, a protrusion 64 (second protrusion) is provided. The protrusion 64 extends in the central axis direction of the drum 62. The ridge 64 extends over substantially the entire path from the inlet side (left side in FIG. 8) to the outlet side (right side in FIG. 8) of the drum 62. Further, the protrusion 64 has a substantially triangular cross section. The height of the protrusion 64 (the length in the radial direction of the drum 62) is smaller than the height of the protrusion 34 described above, and is, for example, 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less. Preferably, q protrusions 64 (q: an integer of 3 to 5) are provided. The q protrusions 64 are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 at equal intervals. That is, in a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the drum 62 (the cross section shown in FIG. 9), a line connecting one protrusion 64 and the central axis, and a line connecting the adjacent protrusion 64 and the central axis. The angle β formed by the minute is approximately equal to 360 ° / q. In the present embodiment, q = 4 and β = 90 °.

  A rotating rod 66 and a screw member 68 are provided inside the drum 62. The rotating rod 66 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is provided so as to be rotatable around its central axis. The central axis of the rotating rod 66 coincides with the central axis of the drum 62. However, the rotating rod 66 rotates independently of the drum 62. The outer diameter of the rotating rod 66 is, for example, not less than 15 cm and not more than 25 cm.

  A screw member 68 is provided around the rotating rod 66 so as to draw a spiral. The screw member 68 is fixed to the rotating rod 66 and rotates together with the rotating rod 66. A plurality of teeth 69 are formed on the screw member 68. The end portion of the tooth 69 is constituted by a side 69a and a side 69b in a front view (see FIG. 9).

  The side 69 a extends in the radial direction of the drum 62 and the rotating rod 66. The inner end of the side 69 a (the end closer to the rotating rod 66) exists at a position separated from the rotating rod 66. Similarly, the outer end of the side 69 a (the end closer to the drum 62) exists at a position away from the drum 62. The interval between the outer end of the side 69a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 is smaller than the interval between the outer end of the side 39a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32, and is, for example, 3 mm or more and 10 mm or less. However, the distance between the outer end of the side 69 a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 is set larger than the height of the protrusion 64. The side 69 b connects the outer end of the side 69 a and the inner end of the side 69 a of the adjacent tooth 69. The side 69b is longer than the side 69a. The ratio of the length of the side 69b to the length of the side 69a is, for example, 2 or more and 2.5 or less.

  The rotating rod 66 and the screw member 68 rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise) in FIG. That is, in the tooth 69, the side 69b is located in the front in the rotational direction, and the side 69a is located in the rear in the rotational direction. The rotation direction of the drum 62 described above may be the same as or opposite to the rotation direction of the rotation rod 66 and the screw member 68. When these rotational directions are the same, it is preferable that the rotational speeds of the rotating rod 66 and the screw member 68 are larger than the rotational speed of the drum 62.

  Subsequently, the operation of the separation apparatus 1 will be described. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper that is the object to be processed is first shredded by the shredder 10. The PVC wallpaper shredded by the shredder 10 is transferred to the beating unit 20. For the transfer, for example, a belt conveyor or a screw conveyor can be used. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the beating unit 20 is beaten by the beating member 22 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 24 while being accommodated in the containing unit 26. This promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the beating unit 20 is transferred to the separation unit 30. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the separation unit 30 is pushed out from the inlet side (left side in FIG. 4) to the outlet side (right side in FIG. 4) of the drum 32 by the rotating screw member 38. In the meantime, the polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper pieces is discharged out of the drum 32 through the holes 32a due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the drum 32 or the like. Thereby, a part of polyvinyl chloride is separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper after separation by the separation unit 30 is transferred to the shredding unit 40 and further shredded. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the shredder 40 is transferred to the beating unit 50. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the beating unit 50 is beaten by the beating member 52 that rotates together with the rotating shaft 54 while being accommodated in the containing unit 56. This promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the beating unit 50 is transferred to the separation unit 60. The polyvinyl chloride wallpaper transferred to the separation unit 60 is pushed out from the inlet side (left side in FIG. 8) of the drum 62 to the outlet side (right side in FIG. 8) by the rotating screw member 68. Meanwhile, the polyvinyl chloride dissociated from the paper pieces is discharged out of the drum 62 through the holes 62a due to centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the drum 62. This separates the remaining polyvinyl chloride from the PVC wallpaper.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of the water-absorbing treatment material according to the present invention. The water-absorbing treatment material 70 is a water-absorbing treatment material that absorbs liquid, and includes a granular core portion 72 (granulated product) and a coating layer portion 74. The water absorption treatment material 70 is an excrement treatment material for pets such as cats and dogs, for example.

  The granular core portion 72 is formed into a granular shape. Examples of the shape of the granular core portion 72 include a sphere, an ellipsoid, and a cylinder. The granular core portion 72 has a function of absorbing and retaining a liquid such as urine. As the material of the granular core portion 72, paper obtained from a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper using the separating device 1 described above (that is, paper from which polyvinyl chloride is separated) is used. The granular core part 72 may be comprised only from the said paper, and may be comprised including materials other than the said paper.

  The covering layer portion 74 covers the granular core portion 72. The covering layer portion 74 may cover the entire surface of the granular core portion 72 or may cover only a part of the surface of the granular core portion 72. The covering layer portion 74 has a function of adhering the water-absorbing treatment materials 70 that have absorbed liquids such as urine during use to solidify them. As a material (coating material) of the coating layer portion 74, for example, paper powder and a water-absorbing polymer can be used.

  Then, an example of the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material 70 is demonstrated as one Embodiment of the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material by this invention. This manufacturing method includes a separation step, a granulation step, a coating step, a sizing step, and a drying step. In the separation step, the separation device 1 is used to separate paper and polyvinyl chloride contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper.

  In the granulation step, the granulated material including the paper obtained in the separation step is granulated. For granulation, for example, an extrusion granulator can be used. At this time, if necessary, water is added to the granulated material before granulation. Thereby, the granular core part 72 is obtained.

  In the coating step, a coating material is attached to the surface of the granular core portion 72 formed in the granulation step. The coating material can be attached, for example, by spraying or spraying using a coating apparatus. Thereby, the coating layer part 74 is obtained.

  In the sizing step, the water-absorbing material produced in the previous step is passed through a sieve having a sieve with a predetermined size. Thereby, only the water absorption processing material which satisfy | fills a predetermined specification is extracted.

  In the drying step, the water-absorbing treatment material extracted in the previous step is dried with a dryer. The moisture content of the granular core part 72 is appropriately adjusted by drying. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the moisture in the granular core portion 72 from transitioning to the coating layer portion 74 and reducing the water absorption capability, and to prevent the occurrence of mold and the like when the water absorption treatment material 70 is stored.

  The effect of this embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, the beating unit 20 performs the beating before the separation unit 30 performs the separation. This tapping promotes the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride from the paper. That is, tapping by the beating unit 20 dissociates part of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper, thereby reducing the amount of polyvinyl chloride attached to the paper. This contributes to a reduction in processing load on the separation unit 30. Furthermore, the polyvinyl chloride that could not be dissociated from the paper in the beating unit 20 is also in a state of being easily dissociated due to a decrease in adhesion to the paper due to the striking force of the beating. Thereby, since it becomes easy to isolate | separate polyvinyl chloride from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the isolation | separation part 30, isolation | separation efficiency improves.

  Regarding the beating unit 20, the beating member 22 is attached around the rotation shaft 24. With this configuration, the tapping member 22 can be rotated together with the rotating shaft 24. Thereby, the hitting of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by the hitting member 22 can be performed efficiently.

  The beating unit 20 is provided with a plurality of tapping members 22 that are radially attached around the rotating shaft 24. Thereby, since the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is struck by the plurality of tapping members 22 during one rotation of the rotating shaft 24, the tapping member 22 can be struck more efficiently.

  The tapping member 22 has a plate shape and is configured to strike a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface. By hitting with the plate surface of the hitting member 22 in this way, a strong hitting force can be given to the PVC wallpaper.

  The beating portion 20 is provided with an accommodating portion 26 so as to surround the beating member 22 and the rotating shaft 24. For this reason, a part of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the striking member 22 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 26. Thereby, in the beating unit 20, in addition to the striking force acting on the PVC wallpaper when beaten by the beating member 22, the frictional force acting on the PVC wallpaper when rubbing against the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 26 is also from the paper. This contributes to the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride. Further, a part of the PVC wallpaper is hit by the hitting member 22 and collides with the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 26 and the like. The impact force acting on the PVC wallpaper at this time also contributes to the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  With respect to the separation unit 30, a protrusion 34 is provided on the drum 32. When the protrusion 34 is not provided, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper tends to gather at the lower part of the drum 32 due to the influence of gravity. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the drum 32 can easily reach the upper portion of the drum 32 by being scooped up by the protrusions 34. Such a scooping action spreads the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper over a wide range of the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32, so that the separation by the separation unit 30 is promoted. In addition, the impact of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper falling from the top of the drum 32 promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. Furthermore, since the protrusion 34 becomes an obstacle when the PVC wallpaper is pushed forward by the screw member 38, the time during which the PVC wallpaper stays in the drum 32 becomes long. Thereby, more polyvinyl chloride can be separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  A screw member 38 is provided inside the drum 32. When being pushed out by the screw member 38, a part of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the drum 32 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32. The frictional force at that time also promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. Further, since the protrusion 34 is provided, the PVC wallpaper may be rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 while being caught by the protrusion 34. In this case, since the force is difficult to escape, the frictional force applied to the PVC wallpaper increases, thereby further promoting the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The screw member 38 rotates with the side 39b having an obtuse angle instead of the side 39a having a substantially right angle with the rotation direction (tangential direction of the rotation rod 36) (see FIG. 5). Thereby, it is possible to prevent the PVC wallpaper from being excessively caught on the teeth 39 of the screw member 38.

  In the present embodiment, the shredding by the shredding unit 10, the beating by the beating unit 20, and the separation by the separating unit 30 are followed by shredding by the shredding unit 40, beating by the beating unit 50, and separation by the separating unit 60. . Thus, separation efficiency is further improved by performing shredding, beating and separation twice.

  By the way, when chopping a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper continuously for a long time, the polyvinyl chloride may be melted by heat at the time of chopping. Then, it becomes difficult to separate the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. In this respect, by chopping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper stepwise as in this embodiment, the time required for one chopping can be shortened and the melting of polyvinyl chloride can be prevented. From this point of view, shredding, beating and separation may be performed three times or more. When shredding, beating and separation are performed three times each, the hole diameter of the screen in the first, second and third shredding is, for example, 30 mm to 100 mm, 10 mm to 30 mm, and 0.3 mm to 3 mm, respectively. It can be as follows.

  Regarding the beating portion 50, the beating member 52 is attached around the rotation shaft 54. With this configuration, the hitting member 52 can be rotated together with the rotating shaft 54. Thereby, the hitting of the PVC wallpaper by the hitting member 52 can be performed efficiently.

  The beating unit 50 is provided with a plurality of tapping members 52 that are radially attached around the rotation shaft 54. Thereby, since the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is struck by the plurality of tapping members 52 during one rotation of the rotating shaft 54, the tapping member 52 can be struck more efficiently.

  The tapping member 52 has a plate shape, and is configured to strike a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface. By striking the plate surface of the striking member 52 in this way, a strong striking force can be applied to the PVC wallpaper.

  The beating portion 50 is provided with an accommodating portion 56 so as to surround the beating member 52 and the rotating shaft 54. For this reason, a portion of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper struck by the striking member 52 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 56. Thereby, in the beating unit 50, in addition to the striking force acting on the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper when beaten by the striking member 52, the frictional force acting on the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper when being rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 56 is also obtained from the paper. This contributes to the dissociation of polyvinyl chloride. Further, a part of the PVC wallpaper is hit by the hitting member 52 and collides with the inner peripheral surface of the housing portion 56 and the like. The impact force acting on the PVC wallpaper at this time also contributes to the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 56 and the tip of the tapping member 52 is smaller than the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 26 and the tip of the tapping member 22. That is, in the beating unit 20 that processes a relatively large piece of polyvinyl chloride wallpaper, the space between the accommodation unit 26 and the beating member 22 is relatively large, and in the beating unit 50 that processes a relatively small piece of polyvinyl chloride wallpaper, the beating unit 56 and the beating unit 22 are beaten. The distance from the member 52 is relatively small. As described above, by setting the interval according to the size of the processing object, an appropriate frictional force can be applied to the processing object in any beating portion. However, it is not essential to make the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 56 and the tip of the tapping member 52 smaller than the interval between the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 26 and the tip of the tapping member 22.

  With respect to the separation unit 60, a protrusion 64 is provided on the drum 62. When the ridge 64 is not provided, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper tends to gather under the drum 62 due to the influence of gravity. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper in the drum 62 is likely to reach the upper part of the drum 62 by being scooped up by the ridges 64. Such a scooping action spreads the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper over a wide area on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62, so that the separation by the separation unit 60 is promoted. In addition, the impact of the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper falling from the top of the drum 62 promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. Furthermore, since the protrusion 64 becomes an obstacle when the PVC wallpaper is pushed forward by the screw member 68, the time for the PVC wallpaper to stay in the drum 62 becomes longer. Thereby, more polyvinyl chloride can be separated from the PVC wallpaper.

  The height of the ridge 64 is smaller than the height of the ridge 34. That is, the height of the protrusion 34 is relatively large in the separation unit 30 that processes a relatively large PVC wallpaper piece, and the height of the protrusion 64 is relatively large in the separation unit 60 that processes a relatively small PVC wallpaper piece. small. In this way, by setting the height of the protrusions according to the size of the processing object, the scooping action of the processing object by the protrusions can be sufficiently exerted in any separation part. However, it is not essential to make the height of the ridge 64 smaller than the height of the ridge 34.

  A screw member 68 is provided inside the drum 62. When being pushed out by the screw member 68, a part of the PVC wallpaper in the drum 62 is rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62. The frictional force at that time also promotes the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper. Further, since the protrusions 64 are provided, the PVC wallpaper may be rubbed against the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 while being caught by the protrusions 64. In this case, since the force is difficult to escape, the frictional force applied to the PVC wallpaper increases, thereby further promoting the dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride from the paper.

  The distance between the outer end of the side 69 a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 is smaller than the distance between the outer end of the side 39 a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32. That is, in the separation unit 30 that processes relatively large PVC wallpaper pieces, the distance between the outer end of the side 39a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 is relatively large, and in the separation unit 60 that processes relatively small PVC wallpaper pieces. The distance between the outer end of the side 69a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 is relatively small. Thus, by setting the said space | interval according to the magnitude | size of a process target object, moderate friction force can be given with respect to a process target object in any separation part. However, it is not essential that the distance between the outer end of the side 69 a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 62 be smaller than the distance between the outer end of the side 39 a and the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32.

  The screw member 68 rotates with the side 69b having an obtuse angle instead of the side 69a having a substantially right angle with the rotation direction (tangential direction of the rotation rod 66) (see FIG. 9). Thereby, it is possible to prevent the PVC wallpaper from being excessively caught on the teeth 69 of the screw member 68.

  In the water-absorbing treatment material 70, the paper obtained in the separation step is used as the material of the granular core portion 72. This makes it possible to effectively use the waste of PVC wallpaper and reduce paper procurement costs. Moreover, since the separation apparatus 1 excellent in separation efficiency is used in the separation step as described above, the ratio of impurities (such as polyvinyl chloride that could not be separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper) mixed in the granular core portion 72 is kept small. be able to.

  Polyvinyl chloride generates dioxins when incinerated and generates chlorine gas when landfilled. Therefore, when the water-absorbing treatment material contains a large amount of polyvinyl chloride, there is a problem that an adverse effect (environmental load) on the environment is large when the water-absorbing treatment material is discarded. In particular, since the water-absorbing treatment material is a product that is often disposable, it is important to keep the environmental load at the time of disposal small. In this respect, in the water-absorbing treatment material 70, paper obtained by separating polyvinyl chloride with high efficiency from a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is used as a material, so that the environmental load at the time of disposal can be kept small.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. In the said embodiment, the example which shreds, beats, and isolate | separates several times was shown. However, shredding, beating and separation may be performed once.

  In the said embodiment, the case where all the some tapping members 22 had the same length was illustrated. However, at least two of the plurality of tapping members 22 may have different lengths. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the plurality of tapping members 22 may include a relatively long tapping member 222 and a relatively short tapping member 224. In this example, the striking members 222 and the striking members 224 are alternately arranged at each location along the central axis of the rotating shaft 24.

  The advantages of this configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. When all of the plurality of tapping members 22 have the same length, the processing object tends to be unevenly distributed in a narrow region R1 in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface of the accommodating portion 26 due to the wind pressure of the tapping member 22 as shown in FIG. become. On the other hand, when the plurality of tapping members 22 have different lengths, as shown in FIG. 13, the processing object easily enters the radial inside of the rotating shaft 24, and thus is dispersed in a wider region R <b> 2. It becomes like this. Therefore, the hitting with the hitting member 22 can be performed more efficiently. That is, more processing objects can be beaten while the rotating shaft 24 makes one rotation.

  Furthermore, in this case, the processing object can be beaten with the tip of the tapping member 22 at a plurality of positions in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 24. In other words, the processing object can be beaten at the distal end portion of the tapping member 222 on the relatively outer side in the radial direction and at the distal end portion of the tapping member 224 on the relatively inner side in the radial direction. In this way, when hitting at the tip of the hitting member 22, the processing object collides with the corner of the tip. Therefore, hitting with the tip of the hitting member 22 is advantageous for giving a strong impact to the object to be processed. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 14, the plurality of tapping members 52 may include a relatively long tapping member 522 and a relatively short tapping member 524.

  The plurality of tapping members 22 may include three types of tapping members having different lengths. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the plurality of tapping members 22 may include a tapping member 226 that is shorter than the tapping member 224 in addition to the tapping members 222 and 224 described above. In this example, the tapping member 222, the tapping member 224, and the tapping member 226 are repeatedly arranged in this order at each location along the central axis of the rotating shaft 24. In the figure, the rotating shaft 24 rotates counterclockwise (counterclockwise). Similarly, as shown in FIG. 16, the plurality of tapping members 52 may include a tapping member 522, a tapping member 524 shorter than the tapping member 522, and a tapping member 526 shorter than the tapping member 524.

  In the above embodiment, an opening 22a (first opening) may be formed on the plate surface of the tapping member 22 as shown in FIG. In this example, a plurality of openings 22a are formed. These openings 22a are provided in order to reduce the air resistance when the tapping member 22 rotates. That is, when the tapping member 22 rotates, air escapes through the opening 22a, so that the air resistance received by the tapping member 22 can be reduced. Thereby, while being able to reduce the power consumption of the beating part 20, the wind pressure which a process target receives from the beating member 22 can be restrained small. If the wind pressure is high, the object to be processed moves away from the plate surface of the hitting member 22 before hitting, which causes a weakening of the hitting force of the hitting member 22. Therefore, it is preferable to keep the wind pressure small in order to give a strong striking force to the object to be processed. In addition, you may form the opening part 22a by making substantially the whole hitting member 22 or one part mesh. That is, in that case, the mesh of the tapping member 22 corresponds to the opening 22a. A similar opening 52a (second opening) may also be formed on the plate surface of the tapping member 52 as shown in FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the plate surface of the tapping member 22 may be provided with irregularities as shown in FIG. That is, the plate surface of the tapping member 22 (the surface that strikes the object to be processed) is an uneven surface 22b. As shown by the arrows in the figure, the tapping member 22 and the rotating shaft 24 rotate counterclockwise (counterclockwise). By hitting with such an uneven surface 22b, a stronger impact can be given to the object to be processed than when hitting with a flat surface. As shown in FIG. 20, similar unevenness (uneven surface 52 b) may also be formed on the plate surface of the hitting member 52.

  In the said embodiment, the drum 32 showed the example which is cylindrical shape. However, the drum 32 may be tapered. The same applies to the drum 62.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the central axis of the drum 32 is horizontal is shown. However, the central axis of the drum 32 may be inclined downward from the inlet side toward the outlet side. The same applies to the drum 62.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the hole 32a is formed over substantially the entire drum 32 has been described. However, the hole 32 a may be formed only in a part of the drum 32. Alternatively, the hole 32a may be formed by forming substantially the whole or a part of the drum 32 into a net shape. That is, in this case, the mesh of the drum 32 corresponds to the hole 32a. The same applies to the hole 62a.

  In the said embodiment, the example which the protrusion 34 extended over substantially the whole path | route from the entrance side of the drum 32 to the exit side was shown. However, the protrusion 34 may extend only in a part of the path from the inlet side to the outlet side of the drum 32. The same applies to the ridges 64.

  In the said embodiment, the protrusion 34 which has a substantially triangular cross section was illustrated. However, the protrusion 34 may be flat as shown in FIG. The same applies to the ridges 64.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which four protrusions 34 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 has been shown. However, the number of the protrusions 34 can be an arbitrary number of 1 or more. The same applies to the ridges 64.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the protrusion 34 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the drum 32 has been shown. However, providing the protrusion 34 is not essential. The same applies to the ridges 64.

  In the above embodiment, an example in which the rotating rod 36 and the screw member 38 are provided in the drum 32 has been described. However, providing the rotating rod 36 and the screw member 38 is not essential. The same applies to the rotating rod 66 and the screw member 68.

  In the said embodiment, the water absorption processing material 70 of the multilayer structure which consists of the granular core part 72 and the coating layer part 74 was illustrated. However, providing the covering layer portion 74 is not essential. That is, the water absorption treatment material 70 may have a single-layer structure including only the granular core portion 72.

1 Separator 10 Shredded part (first shredded part)
20 Beating part (first beating part)
22 Tapping member (first tapping member)
22a opening (first opening)
22b Uneven surface 24 Rotating axis (first rotating axis)
26 housing part (first housing part)
30 Separation part (first separation part)
32 drums (first cylindrical part)
32a hole (first hole)
34 ridge (first ridge)
36 Rotating rod 38 Screw member 39 Teeth 40 Shredded portion (second shredded portion)
50 Beating part (second beating part)
52 Tapping member (second tapping member)
52a opening (second opening)
52b Uneven surface 54 Rotating axis (second rotating axis)
56 housing part (second housing part)
60 Separation part (second separation part)
62 Drum (second cylindrical part)
62a hole (second hole)
64 ridge (second ridge)
66 Rotating rod 68 Screw member 69 Teeth 70 Water absorption material 72 Granular core (granulated product)
74 Coating layer

Claims (17)

A first shredding section for shredding a polyvinyl chloride wallpaper containing polyvinyl chloride and paper;
From the paper, having a plurality of first tapping members for tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the first shredding portion, and tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the plurality of first tapping members A first beating portion that promotes dissociation of the polyvinyl chloride;
A first tubular portion having a plurality of first holes through which the polyvinyl chloride passes without passing through the paper contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper beaten by the first beating portion; The polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the first hole is separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by rotating the first cylindrical portion in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper beaten by the first beating unit is accommodated. A first separation part
The first beating portion has a first rotating shaft,
The plurality of first striking members are attached radially around the first rotation shaft at the same location along the central axis of the first rotation shaft,
At least two of the plurality of first tapping members have different lengths from each other,
Each of the first tapping members has a plate shape and is disposed so that the thickness direction thereof is orthogonal to the central axis, and the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper is tapped by the plate surface of each of the first tapping members. Separation device characterized by that. The separation device according to claim 1,
The first beating portion is provided so as to surround the plurality of first beating members and the first rotating shaft, and stores the PVC wallpaper shredded by the first shredding portion. A separation apparatus having one storage portion. The separation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A separation device in which a first opening is formed in the plate surface of each of the first tapping members. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
Separators in which irregularities are formed on the plate surface of each of the first tapping members. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
The first separation portion is a separation device having a first protrusion provided on an inner peripheral surface of the first tubular portion and extending in a central axis direction of the first tubular portion. The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A second shredding part for shredding the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper from which the polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the first hole is separated by the first separating part;
A second tapping member for tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredding section, and tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper with the second tapping member, thereby A second beating portion that promotes vinyl dissociation;
Having a second cylindrical portion formed with a plurality of second holes through which the polyvinyl chloride passes without passing through the paper contained in the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper beaten by the second beating portion; The polyvinyl chloride that has passed through the second hole is separated from the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper by rotating the second cylindrical part in a state where the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper beaten by the second beating unit is accommodated. A second separator that
Separation device comprising. The separation device according to claim 6 .
The second beating portion has a second rotation axis,
The second tapping member is a separation device attached around the second rotation shaft. The separation device according to claim 7 ,
The second beating portion has a plurality of the second beating members,
The separation device in which the plurality of second tapping members are radially attached to the periphery of the second rotation shaft. The separation device according to claim 8 ,
A separation device in which at least two of the plurality of second tapping members have different lengths. The separation device according to any one of claims 7 to 9 ,
The second beating portion is provided so as to surround the second beating member and the second rotation shaft, and stores the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper shredded by the second shredding portion. A separation device having a receiving portion. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 10 ,
The second tapping member has a plate shape and is a separation device that tapping the polyvinyl chloride wallpaper on the plate surface. The separation device according to claim 11 ,
A separation device in which a second opening is formed in the plate surface of the second tapping member. The separation device according to claim 11 or 12 ,
A separation device in which irregularities are formed on the plate surface of the second tapping member. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 13 ,
The second separation part is a separation device having a second protrusion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the second cylindrical part and extending in the central axis direction of the second cylindrical part. The separation device according to any one of claims 6 to 14 ,
The separation device has a smaller area in a plan view of the second hole than an area in a plan view of the first hole. A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material that absorbs liquid,
A separation step of separating the paper and the polyvinyl chloride using the separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 15 ;
A granulation step of granulating a granulated material containing the paper obtained in the separation step;
A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material, comprising: In the manufacturing method of the water absorption processing material of Claim 16 ,
A method for producing a water-absorbing treatment material, comprising a covering step of forming a covering layer portion covering the granulated material by attaching a coating material to the surface of the granulated material formed in the granulating step.

Images