JP6172701B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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JP6172701B2
JP6172701B2 JP2012255397A JP2012255397A JP6172701B2 JP 6172701 B2 JP6172701 B2 JP 6172701B2 JP 2012255397 A JP2012255397 A JP 2012255397A JP 2012255397 A JP2012255397 A JP 2012255397A JP 6172701 B2 JP6172701 B2 JP 6172701B2
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pipe
header
tube
hairpin
heat exchanger
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JP2014102052A (en
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賢 渡邉
賢 渡邉
橋本　功
功 橋本
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Thermal Systems Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0475—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits having a single U-bend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

本発明は、空気調和機や冷凍機等に用いられる熱交換器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat exchanger used for an air conditioner, a refrigerator, or the like.

従来から、ガスヘッダと外部流体との間に複数の伝熱管が設けられ、各伝熱管の間に設けられたフィンに流体を通過させることによって、伝熱管を通過する流体とフィンを通過する流体との熱交換を行う熱交換器が知られている。   Conventionally, a plurality of heat transfer tubes are provided between the gas header and the external fluid, and a fluid passing through the heat transfer tubes and a fluid passing through the fins by passing the fluid through the fins provided between the heat transfer tubes. There is known a heat exchanger that performs heat exchange.

ガスヘッダには複数本の配管が接続され、それらがヘアピンチューブと接続されることで、熱交換器に対する冷媒の分流を実現している。   A plurality of pipes are connected to the gas header, and they are connected to the hairpin tube, thereby realizing a flow of refrigerant to the heat exchanger.

ガスヘッダに冷媒を導く配管に比べてガスヘッダは体積が大きいため、所定よりも高い圧力や温度とされた冷媒が流入すると急激に熱膨張する。これにより、熱交換器に固定されているヘアピンチューブを引っ張る形でガスヘッダが伸びることで、ヘアピンチューブに応力がかかり、ヘアピンチューブを亀裂されるおそれがあった。これにより、熱交換器の寿命が短くなるというおそれがあった。   Since the gas header has a larger volume than the pipe that guides the refrigerant to the gas header, the refrigerant expands rapidly when a refrigerant whose pressure or temperature is higher than a predetermined amount flows. As a result, the gas header is stretched in such a manner that the hairpin tube fixed to the heat exchanger is pulled, so that stress is applied to the hairpin tube and the hairpin tube may be cracked. Thereby, there existed a possibility that the lifetime of a heat exchanger might become short.

このような対策について開示された文献として、下記特許文献１がある。   As a document disclosing such a measure, there is the following Patent Document 1.

特許文献１には、補助連結管のうち幅方向中央部または両側部の補助連結管の少なくとも一方は湾曲して形成されているために、縮み変形または延び変形が生じ、これによって下部ヘッダータンクの曲がりによる応力の発生が防止されることが示されている。   In Patent Document 1, since at least one of the auxiliary connecting pipes in the width direction center part or both side parts of the auxiliary connecting pipes is formed in a curved shape, shrinkage deformation or extension deformation occurs, which causes the lower header tank to be deformed. It has been shown that the generation of stress due to bending is prevented.

特開平１０−１４８４８２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-148482

特許文献１には、補助連結管のうち幅方向中央部または両側部の補助連結管の少なくとも一方は湾曲して形成されているために、縮み変形または延び変形が生じ、これによって下部ヘッダータンクの曲がりによる応力の発生を防ぐ方法が記載されている。しかし、設備の構造上、補助連結管を湾曲させて設けるだけのスペースがないことから、ストレートとされた短い連結管しか設けることができないという問題がある。   In Patent Document 1, since at least one of the auxiliary connecting pipes in the width direction center part or both side parts of the auxiliary connecting pipes is formed in a curved shape, shrinkage deformation or extension deformation occurs, which causes the lower header tank to be deformed. A method for preventing the occurrence of stress due to bending is described. However, there is a problem that only a short short connecting pipe can be provided because there is not enough space for the auxiliary connecting pipe to be bent due to the structure of the equipment.

また、補助連結管とガスヘッダ部が接続されることから、設備が大型化するという問題がある。   Moreover, since an auxiliary | assistant coupling pipe and a gas header part are connected, there exists a problem that an installation enlarges.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、分岐管の熱伸びによる応力の影響を、よりコンパクトな構造により軽減させることができる熱交換器を提供することを目的とする。   This invention is made in view of such a situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the heat exchanger which can reduce the influence of the stress by the thermal elongation of a branch pipe by a more compact structure. .

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の熱交換器は以下の手段を採用する。
本発明の熱交換器は、内部を流通する冷媒と外部の流体とを熱交換する熱交換部と、前記熱交換部の端部に設けられるとともに該熱交換部内を流通する前記冷媒の出口または入口となる複数のヘアピンチューブと、複数の前記ヘアピンチューブのそれぞれに対して、一端が接続される複数の接続管と、複数の前記接続管の他端が接続されるヘッダー管と、を備え、複数の前記接続管は、それぞれ、前記ヘアピンチューブと前記ヘッダー管とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成された迂回部を有し、前記迂回部は、前記ヘアピンチューブから前記熱交換部の長手方向に直線状に延びて前記ヘアピンチューブから見て前記ヘッダー管を通り越した後に１８０°以上折り返しＵ字形状部を形成し、該Ｕ字形状部を形成した後に前記ヘッダー管に接続されることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the heat exchanger of the present invention employs the following means.
The heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a heat exchanging part that exchanges heat between a refrigerant flowing inside and an external fluid, and an outlet of the refrigerant that is provided at an end of the heat exchanging part and circulates in the heat exchanging part or A plurality of hairpin tubes serving as inlets, a plurality of connection tubes connected at one end to each of the plurality of hairpin tubes, and a header tube connected at the other end of the plurality of connection tubes, Each of the plurality of connection pipes has a detour portion that is bent so that a pipe length is longer than a linear distance that connects the hairpin tube and the header pipe, and the detour portion extends from the hairpin tube to the in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchange portion extends linearly to form a folded U-shaped portion 180 ° or more after past the header pipe as viewed from the hairpin tube, the f after forming the U-shaped portion Characterized in that it is connected to the loaders tube.

複数のヘアピンチューブのそれぞれに対して、一端が接続される複数の接続管と、複数の接続管の他端がヘッダー管に接続されている。また、複数の接続管は、それぞれがヘアピンチューブとヘッダー管とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成された迂回部が設けられている。これにより、ヘッダー管に、所定よりも高い圧力や温度の冷媒が流入した場合であっても、ヘアピンチューブと、ヘッダー管との距離を長くとっているため、ヘアピンチューブにかかる応力を軽減することができる。また、曲成された迂回部を設けることとしたので、直線で形成する場合と比べて設備をコンパクトにすることができる。   For each of the plurality of hairpin tubes, a plurality of connection tubes connected at one end and the other ends of the plurality of connection tubes are connected to the header tube. Further, each of the plurality of connecting pipes is provided with a detour portion that is bent so that the pipe length is longer than the linear distance connecting the hairpin tube and the header pipe. This reduces the stress on the hairpin tube because the distance between the hairpin tube and the header tube is long even when a refrigerant with a pressure or temperature higher than the specified amount flows into the header tube. Can do. In addition, since the bent detour portion is provided, the equipment can be made compact as compared with the case where it is formed in a straight line.

接続管の迂回部がヘアピンチューブから見てヘッダー管を通り越した後に折り返してヘッダー管へと向かうＵ字形状に曲成されることとしたので、直線距離よりも配管長を長くすることができる。これにより、設備をコンパクトにすることができる。   Since the bypass portion of the connecting pipe passes through the header pipe as viewed from the hairpin tube and is bent into a U shape toward the header pipe, the pipe length can be made longer than the linear distance. Thereby, an installation can be made compact.

本発明によれば、複数のヘアピンチューブとヘッダー管を接続する接続管は、それぞれ、前記ヘアピンチューブと前記ヘッダー管とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成された迂回部が設けられている。これにより、ガスヘッダに、所定よりも高い圧力や温度の冷媒が流入した場合であっても、ヘアピンチューブと、ヘッダー管との距離を長くとっているため、ヘアピンチューブにかかる応力を軽減することができる。また、曲成された迂回部を設けることとしたので、直線で形成する場合と比べて設備をコンパクトにすることができる。   According to the present invention, each of the connection pipes connecting the plurality of hairpin tubes and the header pipe has a detour portion that is bent so that a pipe length is longer than a linear distance connecting the hairpin tube and the header pipe. Is provided. As a result, even when a refrigerant with a pressure or temperature higher than a predetermined amount flows into the gas header, the distance between the hairpin tube and the header tube is long, so the stress applied to the hairpin tube can be reduced. it can. In addition, since the bent detour portion is provided, the equipment can be made compact as compared with the case where it is formed in a straight line.

本発明の一実施形態に係る熱交換器を示した側面図である。It is the side view which showed the heat exchanger which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る熱交換器を示した上面図である。It is the top view which showed the heat exchanger which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る熱交換器を示した上面図である。It is the top view which showed the heat exchanger which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の一実施形態に係る熱交換器を示した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which showed the heat exchanger which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

以下に、本発明に係る熱交換器の一実施形態について、図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明に係る熱交換器の一実施形態に係る熱交換器を示した側面図である。
熱交換器１は、図示されないフィンとヘアピンチューブ３とを密着させて熱交換率を高める様に熱交換部２を構成すると共に、複数のヘアピンチューブ３は接続部４ａにて接続管４と接続され、各々のヘアピンチューブ３が連続する一体物として接続され冷媒回路を構成している。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heat exchanger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the present invention.
The heat exchanger 1 configures the heat exchanging unit 2 so as to increase the heat exchange rate by bringing a fin (not shown) and the hairpin tube 3 into close contact with each other. Then, each hairpin tube 3 is connected as a continuous unit to constitute a refrigerant circuit.

図２に示されるように、接続管４の一端は、接続部４ａでヘアピンチューブ３と接続される。また、接続管４の他端と、ヘッダー管５の図示されない冷媒供給口とが接続部４ｂでされる。接続方法としては、例えば、突き合わせ溶接などの配管溶接が用いられる。また、複数の接続管４は、それぞれ、ヘアピンチューブ３とヘッダー管５とを結ぶ直線距離よりも接続管４の配管長が長くなるように曲成される。また、曲成される接続管４は、ヘアピンチューブ３から見てヘッダー管５を通り越した後に折り返してヘッダー管５へと向かうＵ字形状部を設けている。接続管４のＵ字形状は、例えば、略直線形状とされる配管と、Ｕ字配管が、互いの端部を突き合わせて溶接されて形成される。   As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the connecting pipe 4 is connected to the hairpin tube 3 by a connecting portion 4a. Further, the other end of the connecting pipe 4 and a refrigerant supply port (not shown) of the header pipe 5 are connected by the connecting portion 4b. As a connection method, for example, pipe welding such as butt welding is used. Each of the plurality of connecting pipes 4 is bent so that the pipe length of the connecting pipe 4 is longer than the linear distance connecting the hairpin tube 3 and the header pipe 5. In addition, the bent connecting pipe 4 is provided with a U-shaped portion that turns back after passing through the header pipe 5 as viewed from the hairpin tube 3 and heads toward the header pipe 5. The U-shape of the connecting pipe 4 is formed by, for example, a pipe having a substantially linear shape and a U-shaped pipe being welded with each other being butted.

接続管４の配管長が長くなるように曲成されることで、接続管４を迂回させてヘッダー管５へと接続される。接続管４を迂回させるように曲成させる形状としては、接続管４をＵ字形状となるように曲成される。また、それぞれの接続管４は、所定の間隔をもって接続管４同士が略平行に配置される。それぞれの接続管４は、同じ形状になるように曲成され、設備の構造上、同じ形状と出来ない場合は、ヘアピンチューブ３とヘッダー管５とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成されて設けられる。また、それぞれの接続管４は、同一平面上において曲成されている。   The connecting pipe 4 is bent so that the length of the pipe 4 is increased, whereby the connecting pipe 4 is bypassed and connected to the header pipe 5. As a shape to bend so that the connection pipe 4 is detoured, the connection pipe 4 is bent to be U-shaped. In addition, the connection pipes 4 are arranged substantially in parallel with each other with a predetermined interval. Each connecting pipe 4 is bent so as to have the same shape. If the same shape is not possible due to the structure of the equipment, the pipe length is longer than the linear distance connecting the hairpin tube 3 and the header pipe 5. It is provided by being bent. Each connecting pipe 4 is bent on the same plane.

次に、上記構成の動作について説明する。
上記構成において、外部流体よりも高温とされる冷媒流体側のヘアピンチューブ３内に熱供給を行なう冷媒が流される。熱交換部２には、熱交換部２を貫通する複数のヘアピンチューブ３の間に図示されない冷媒流体よりも低温とされる外部流体側のフィンが設けられている。ヘアピンチューブ３とフィンに流体を通過させることによって、ヘアピンチューブ３を通過する流体とフィンを通過する流体との熱交換が行われる。 Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described.
In the above-described configuration, the refrigerant for supplying heat flows into the hairpin tube 3 on the refrigerant fluid side, which has a higher temperature than the external fluid. The heat exchanging unit 2 is provided with fins on the external fluid side that are lower in temperature than the refrigerant fluid (not shown) between the plurality of hairpin tubes 3 that penetrate the heat exchanging unit 2. By passing the fluid through the hairpin tube 3 and the fin, heat exchange between the fluid passing through the hairpin tube 3 and the fluid passing through the fin is performed.

本実施形態によれば、以下の作用効果を奏する。
複数の接続管は、それぞれがヘアピンチューブ３とヘッダー管５とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成された迂回部が設けられている。これにより、ヘッダー管５に、所定よりも高い圧力や温度の冷媒が流入して熱膨張した場合であっても、ヘアピンチューブ３と、ヘッダー管５との距離を長くとっているため、ヘアピンチューブ３にかかる応力を軽減することができる。 According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects.
Each of the plurality of connecting pipes is provided with a detour portion that is bent so that the pipe length is longer than the linear distance connecting the hairpin tube 3 and the header pipe 5. Thereby, even when a refrigerant having a pressure or temperature higher than a predetermined amount flows into the header tube 5 and thermally expands, the hairpin tube 3 and the header tube 5 are kept at a long distance. 3 can be reduced.

また、曲成された迂回部を設けることとしたので、接続管４を直線で形成する場合と比べて設備をコンパクトにすることができる。   In addition, since the bent detour portion is provided, the equipment can be made compact compared to the case where the connecting pipe 4 is formed in a straight line.

また、図３に示されるように、接続管４の配管長が長くなるように接続管４が丸みを帯びるように曲成されるようにしてもよい。接続管４は、ヘアピンチューブ３から見てヘッダー管５を通り越した後に折り返してヘッダー管５へと向かうＵ字形状に曲成される。また、接続管４は、ヘアピンチューブ３と接続される接続部４ａから、ヘッダー管５に接続される接続部４ｂに到達するまでに、接続管４の配管長をかせぐように設けられている。ヘッダー管５の外周に接続管４を延ばして設けることで、接続管４が丸みを帯びた形状となって、接続部４ｂへと到達して接続される。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the connecting pipe 4 may be bent so as to be rounded so that the pipe length of the connecting pipe 4 becomes long. The connection tube 4 is bent into a U shape after passing through the header tube 5 as viewed from the hairpin tube 3 and turning toward the header tube 5. Further, the connecting pipe 4 is provided so as to increase the piping length of the connecting pipe 4 from the connecting part 4 a connected to the hairpin tube 3 to the connecting part 4 b connected to the header pipe 5. By extending the connecting pipe 4 on the outer periphery of the header pipe 5, the connecting pipe 4 has a rounded shape and reaches the connecting portion 4b to be connected.

さらに、図４に示すように、接続管４の配管長が長くなるように接続管４が三次元的に設けられている。すなわち、ＸＹ座標（２次元）において配管長が長くなるように設けられていた接続管４を、Ｚ軸を用いた３次元とすることで、さらに接続管４の配管長を延ばす自由度を向上させることができる。   Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the connection pipe 4 is provided in a three-dimensional manner so that the pipe length of the connection pipe 4 is increased. That is, the connection pipe 4 provided so that the pipe length is long in the XY coordinates (two dimensions) is made three-dimensional using the Z axis, thereby further improving the degree of freedom of extending the pipe length of the connection pipe 4. Can be made.

１ 熱交換器
２ 熱交換部
３ ヘアピンチューブ
４ 接続管
４ａ 接続部（ヘアピンチューブ側）
４ｂ 接続部（ヘッダー管側）
５ ヘッダー管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat exchanger 2 Heat exchange part 3 Hairpin tube 4 Connection pipe 4a Connection part (hairpin tube side)
4b Connection part (header pipe side)
5 Header tube

Claims (1)

内部を流通する冷媒と外部の流体とを熱交換する熱交換部と、
前記熱交換部の端部に設けられるとともに該熱交換部内を流通する前記冷媒の出口または入口となる複数のヘアピンチューブと、
複数の前記ヘアピンチューブのそれぞれに対して、一端が接続される複数の接続管と、
複数の前記接続管の他端が接続されるヘッダー管と、を備え、
複数の前記接続管は、それぞれ、前記ヘアピンチューブと前記ヘッダー管とを結ぶ直線距離よりも配管長が長くなるように曲成された迂回部を有し、
前記迂回部は、前記ヘアピンチューブから前記熱交換部の長手方向に直線状に延びて前記ヘアピンチューブから見て前記ヘッダー管を通り越した後に１８０°以上折り返しＵ字形状部を形成し、該Ｕ字形状部を形成した後に前記ヘッダー管に接続されることを特徴とする熱交換器。 A heat exchanging section for exchanging heat between the refrigerant circulating inside and the external fluid;
A plurality of hairpin tubes that are provided at an end of the heat exchange unit and serve as outlets or inlets of the refrigerant flowing through the heat exchange unit;
For each of the plurality of hairpin tubes, a plurality of connection tubes connected at one end;
A header pipe to which the other ends of the plurality of connection pipes are connected,
Each of the plurality of connection pipes has a detour portion that is bent so that a pipe length is longer than a linear distance connecting the hairpin tube and the header pipe,
The bypass portion extends linearly from the hairpin tube in the longitudinal direction of the heat exchange portion, passes through the header tube as viewed from the hairpin tube , and forms a U-shaped portion that is folded over 180 °. The heat exchanger is connected to the header pipe after forming the shape portion .
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DE1619703C3 (en) * 1967-04-04 1982-03-18 Gea Luftkuehlergesellschaft Happel Gmbh & Co Kg, 4630 Bochum Discontinuous desublimator and method of operating the same
FR1564900A (en) * 1968-03-14 1969-04-25
SE374600B (en) * 1973-03-23 1975-03-10 A N Alexander
JPS5618866U (en) * 1979-07-19 1981-02-19
JPS5758050A (en) * 1980-09-24 1982-04-07 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Heat exchanger
JPS58138986A (en) * 1982-02-15 1983-08-18 Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd Heat exchanger
JPH02219986A (en) * 1989-02-21 1990-09-03 Matsushita Refrig Co Ltd Heat exchanger
JP3255818B2 (en) * 1995-03-20 2002-02-12 カルソニックカンセイ株式会社 Cooling device for electronic components
JPH10148482A (en) 1996-11-15 1998-06-02 Kobe Steel Ltd Heat-exchange panel of open rack type vaporizing device
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