JP6165791B2 - Transformer and switching power supply - Google Patents

Transformer and switching power supply Download PDF

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JP6165791B2
JP6165791B2 JP2015020730A JP2015020730A JP6165791B2 JP 6165791 B2 JP6165791 B2 JP 6165791B2 JP 2015020730 A JP2015020730 A JP 2015020730A JP 2015020730 A JP2015020730 A JP 2015020730A JP 6165791 B2 JP6165791 B2 JP 6165791B2
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winding
windings
primary winding
transformer
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JP2016144375A (en
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紘生 小川
紘生 小川
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Tamura Corp
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Tamura Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306—Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
    • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
    • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps

Description

本発明は、トランスとこれを用いたスイッチング電源装置に係り、特に、トランスの構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a transformer and a switching power supply apparatus using the transformer, and more particularly to a structure of the transformer.

電気機器や電気回路を動作させるためには安定した直流電圧が必要であり、これを作るために従来からスイッチング電源装置が用いられている。スイッチング電源装置は、外部電源から供給された電圧を整流及び平滑化し、半導体スイッチング素子によりスイッチングしてトランスの１次巻線に入力し、トランスの２次巻線から平滑化回路による平滑化を介して負荷に直流電圧を供給する。また、出力電圧を監視し、出力電圧が一定に保たれるように、制御回路により半導体スイッチング素子の時比率の調整が行われる。   In order to operate an electric device or an electric circuit, a stable DC voltage is required, and a switching power supply device has been conventionally used to make this. The switching power supply device rectifies and smoothes a voltage supplied from an external power supply, switches it by a semiconductor switching element, inputs it to the primary winding of the transformer, and smoothes it from the secondary winding of the transformer by a smoothing circuit. Supply DC voltage to the load. Also, the output voltage is monitored, and the control circuit adjusts the duty ratio of the semiconductor switching element so that the output voltage is kept constant.

このようなスイッチング電源装置には、従来から多出力のものが知られている。この装置を構成するためにトランスは、コアや当該コアに装着される１次巻線の他に、二つ以上の２次巻線を備えている。   As such a switching power supply device, a multi-output one has been conventionally known. In order to constitute this device, the transformer includes two or more secondary windings in addition to the core and the primary winding mounted on the core.

特開平０５−０４９２５７号公報JP 05-049257 A

二以上の２次巻線が設けられたトランスの場合、負荷がアンバランスになるときに、クロスレギュレーションが発生する場合があった。すなわち、一つの２次巻線に接続された負荷に流れる電流を変化させると、負荷変動に関与しないはずの他の２次巻線の出力電圧が変動し、出力電圧が安定しない場合があった。   In the case of a transformer provided with two or more secondary windings, cross regulation may occur when the load becomes unbalanced. That is, when the current flowing through the load connected to one secondary winding is changed, the output voltage of other secondary windings that should not be involved in the load fluctuation may fluctuate and the output voltage may not be stable. .

本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、負荷をアンバランスにした場合であっても、クロスレギュレーションを低減させるトランス及びそのトランスを用いたスイッチング電源装置を提供することにある。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a transformer that reduces cross regulation even when the load is unbalanced, and a switching power supply device using the transformer. There is.

（１）本発明のトランスは、コアと、前記コアに装着された１次巻線と、前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の２次巻線と、前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の補助巻線と、を備え、前記補助巻線は、前記２次巻線と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、前記補助巻線同士が並列接続され、前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記補助巻線より前記１次巻線の近くに設けられていること、を特徴とする。 (1) The transformer of the present invention includes a core, a primary winding attached to the core, and two or more attached to the core with the same winding axis as the winding axis of the primary winding. A secondary winding, and two or more auxiliary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding. The auxiliary winding includes the secondary winding. The auxiliary windings are provided adjacent to each other, the auxiliary windings are connected in parallel, and the secondary winding is arranged on both sides of the primary winding and the auxiliary windings in the winding axis direction of the primary winding. It is provided near the primary winding .

また、本発明のトランスは、次のような構成を備えていても良い。
（２）前記コアには、前記１次巻線が装着された箇所にギャップが設けられ、前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記ギャップから等距離に設けられていること。
（３）本発明のトランスは、コアと、前記コアに装着された１次巻線と、前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の２次巻線と、前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の補助巻線と、を備え、前記補助巻線は、前記２次巻線と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、前記補助巻線同士が並列接続され、前記コアには、前記１次巻線が装着された箇所にギャップが設けられ、前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記ギャップから等距離に設けられていること、を特徴とする。 The transformer of the present invention may have the following configuration.
(2) The prior SL core, the gap is provided at a position where the primary winding is mounted, said secondary winding, in the winding axis direction of the primary winding, both sides of the primary winding And it should be equidistant from the gap.
(3) The transformer of the present invention includes a core, a primary winding attached to the core, and two or more attached to the core with the same winding axis as the winding axis of the primary winding. A secondary winding, and two or more auxiliary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding. The auxiliary winding includes the secondary winding. The auxiliary windings are connected in parallel, the core is provided with a gap at the location where the primary winding is mounted, and the secondary winding is the primary winding. In the winding axis direction of the winding, it is provided on both sides of the primary winding and equidistant from the gap.

本発明のスイッチング電源装置は、上記（１）の構成を備えるトランスと、前記トランスの１次巻線に接続されたスイッチング素子と、前記スイッチング素子を制御する制御回路と、を備えたことを特徴とする。また、当該トランスは、上記（２）、又は、上記（２）及び（３）の構成を備えるトランスであっても良い。   A switching power supply device according to the present invention includes a transformer having the configuration of (1), a switching element connected to a primary winding of the transformer, and a control circuit that controls the switching element. And Further, the transformer may be a transformer having the configuration of (2) or (2) and (3).

本発明によれば、負荷をアンバランスにした場合であっても、クロスレギュレーションを低減させるトランス及びそのトランスを用いたスイッチング電源装置を得ることができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is a case where load is unbalanced, the switching power supply using the transformer which reduces a cross regulation, and that transformer can be obtained.

第１の実施形態に係るトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。It is a typical sectional view showing the whole transformer composition concerning a 1st embodiment. 第１の実施形態に係るスイッチング電源装置の回路図である。1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply device according to a first embodiment. 第１の実施形態に係るトランスの各２次巻線からの出力電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the output voltage from each secondary winding of the transformer concerning a 1st embodiment. 第２の実施形態に係るトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。It is a typical sectional view showing the whole transformer composition concerning a 2nd embodiment. 第２の実施形態に係るスイッチング電源装置の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply device concerning a 2nd embodiment. 第１の実施形態に係るトランスにおいて、負荷バランスを変えた場合における各２次巻線からの出力電圧（整流後）の時間変化を示すグラフである。In the transformer according to the first embodiment, it is a graph showing the time change of the output voltage (after rectification) from each secondary winding when the load balance is changed. 第２の実施形態に係るトランスにおいて、負荷バランスを変えた場合における各２次巻線からの出力電圧（整流後）の時間変化を示すグラフである。In the transformer according to the second embodiment, it is a graph showing the time change of the output voltage (after rectification) from each secondary winding when the load balance is changed. 整流前の２次巻線の出力電圧波形であり、（ａ）は、２次巻線１２に流れる電流を０Ａ（無負荷）、２次巻線１３に流れる電流を０．１Ａとしたものであり、（ｂ）は、その逆で、２次巻線１２に流れる電流を０．１Ａ、２次巻線１３に流れる電流を０Ａ（無負荷）とした場合のものである。It is the output voltage waveform of the secondary winding before rectification, and (a) shows the current flowing through the secondary winding 12 as 0 A (no load) and the current flowing through the secondary winding 13 as 0.1 A. On the contrary, (b) shows the case where the current flowing through the secondary winding 12 is 0.1 A and the current flowing through the secondary winding 13 is 0 A (no load). 負荷バランスを変えた場合における第１の実施形態に係る補助巻線の電圧時間変化を示すグラフであり、（ａ）は一方の２次巻線の電流を０．１Ａ、他方の２次巻線の電流を０Ａとしたものであり、（ｂ）は、その逆にしたものであり、一方の２次巻線の電流を０Ａ、他方の２次巻線の電流を０．１Ａとしたものである。It is a graph which shows the voltage time change of the auxiliary | assistant winding which concerns on 1st Embodiment at the time of changing load balance, (a) is the current of one secondary winding 0.1A, and the other secondary winding (B) is the reverse of this, and the current of one secondary winding is 0A and the current of the other secondary winding is 0.1A. is there. 第２の実施形態に係るトランスの各補助巻線の電圧時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the voltage time change of each auxiliary winding of the transformer concerning a 2nd embodiment. ２次巻線１２の電流を０Ａ、２次巻線１３の電流を０．１Ａとしたときの電圧波形（整流前）である。It is a voltage waveform (before rectification) when the current of the secondary winding 12 is 0A and the current of the secondary winding 13 is 0.1A. 他の実施形態に係るトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。It is typical sectional drawing which shows the whole structure of the trans | transformer which concerns on other embodiment. 他の実施形態に係るスイッチング電源装置の回路図である。It is a circuit diagram of the switching power supply concerning other embodiments. 従来のトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。It is a typical sectional view showing the whole composition of the conventional transformer. 従来のトランスの各２次巻線からの出力電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the output voltage from each secondary winding of the conventional transformer. 従来のトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。It is a typical sectional view showing the whole composition of the conventional transformer. 従来のトランスの各２次巻線からの出力電圧の時間変化を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the time change of the output voltage from each secondary winding of the conventional transformer.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態のトランス及びこれを用いたスイッチング電源装置について説明する。まず、本トランスについて説明し、次いで、本トランスを用いたスイッチング電源装置の構成を説明する。   Hereinafter, a transformer and a switching power supply apparatus using the transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the present transformer will be described, and then the configuration of the switching power supply device using the present transformer will be described.

［１．第１の実施形態］
［１−１．構成］
図１は、本実施形態に係るトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。トランスＴは、外部電源から供給された電圧を変圧し、トランスＴに接続された回路又は外部機器などの負荷に電力供給する。このトランスＴは、図１に示すように、コア１０と、コア１０に装着された１次巻線１１、二以上の２次巻線１２、１３（ここでは二つ）、及び補助巻線１４を備える。 [1. First Embodiment]
[1-1. Constitution]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the transformer according to the present embodiment. The transformer T transforms a voltage supplied from an external power source and supplies power to a load such as a circuit connected to the transformer T or an external device. As shown in FIG. 1, the transformer T includes a core 10, a primary winding 11 attached to the core 10, two or more secondary windings 12 and 13 (two in this case), and an auxiliary winding 14. Is provided.

コア１０は、その中央部分に直線形状の中脚部１０ａが設けられている。この中脚部１０ａには、各巻線１１〜１４の巻軸が同一直線Ｃ上となるように各巻線１１〜１４が装着されている。コア１０の１次巻線１１が装着された箇所には、ギャップ１５が設けられている。すなわち、中脚部１０ａにギャップ１５が設けられている。なお、２次巻線１２、１３及び補助巻線１４は、１次巻線１１と極性を逆にして中脚部１０ａ周りに巻回され、コア１０、各巻線１１〜１４はそれぞれ不図示の樹脂等の絶縁材料から構成されたボビンにより絶縁されている。     The core 10 is provided with a linear middle leg portion 10a at the center thereof. The windings 11 to 14 are mounted on the middle leg portion 10a so that the winding axes of the windings 11 to 14 are on the same straight line C. A gap 15 is provided at a location where the primary winding 11 of the core 10 is mounted. That is, the gap 15 is provided in the middle leg portion 10a. The secondary windings 12 and 13 and the auxiliary winding 14 are wound around the middle leg portion 10a with the polarity reversed from that of the primary winding 11, and the core 10 and the windings 11 to 14 are not shown. It is insulated by a bobbin made of an insulating material such as resin.

１次巻線１１は、外部電源と接続され、２次巻線１２、１３、補助巻線１４に給電する。２次巻線１２、１３は、その両端子間が外部回路又は外部機器などの負荷に接続され、１次巻線１１から受電した電力をこれらの回路や負荷に接続する。２次巻線１２、１３は、例えば、ＩＧＢＴやＭＯＳ等を動作させるためのバッファ回路と接続される。   The primary winding 11 is connected to an external power source and supplies power to the secondary windings 12 and 13 and the auxiliary winding 14. The secondary windings 12 and 13 have their terminals connected to a load such as an external circuit or an external device, and connect the power received from the primary winding 11 to these circuits and the load. The secondary windings 12 and 13 are connected to a buffer circuit for operating, for example, an IGBT or a MOS.

２次巻線１２、１３は、１次巻線１１の巻軸方向において、１次巻線１１の両側に設けられている。換言すれば、各２次巻線１２、１３は、両者が共に１次巻線１１と隣接して設けられている。１次巻線１１の巻軸方向において、１次巻線１１から等距離に設けられることが好ましい。また、各２次巻線１２、１３は、１次巻線１１の巻軸方向において、ギャップ１５から等距離に設けられている。   The secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided on both sides of the primary winding 11 in the winding axis direction of the primary winding 11. In other words, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are both provided adjacent to the primary winding 11. It is preferable that the primary winding 11 is provided at an equal distance from the primary winding 11 in the winding axis direction. Further, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided at equal distances from the gap 15 in the winding axis direction of the primary winding 11.

本実施形態では、２次巻線１２、１３は、１次巻線１１の巻軸方向において、１次巻線から等距離であり、かつ、ギャップ１５からも等距離である。すなわち、２次巻線１２、１３は、１次巻線１１を中心として対称、かつ、ギャップ１５を中心としても対称に設けられる。   In the present embodiment, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are equidistant from the primary winding and equidistant from the gap 15 in the winding axis direction of the primary winding 11. That is, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided symmetrically about the primary winding 11 and symmetrically about the gap 15.

補助巻線１４は、後述するスイッチング素子を制御する制御回路と接続される。補助巻線１４は、１次巻線１１から受電し、制御回路の駆動用電源電圧を供給する。補助巻線１４は、２次巻線１３の脇に巻軸方向を同じにして設けられているが、他方の２次巻線１２の脇に設けられていても良い。   The auxiliary winding 14 is connected to a control circuit that controls a switching element to be described later. The auxiliary winding 14 receives power from the primary winding 11 and supplies a driving power supply voltage for the control circuit. The auxiliary winding 14 is provided on the side of the secondary winding 13 with the same winding axis direction, but may be provided on the side of the other secondary winding 12.

上記の構成を有するトランスＴは、スイッチング電源装置に用いられる。図２は、本トランスＴを用いたスイッチング電源装置の回路図である。トランスＴの２次巻線１２、ｌ３が複数（ここでは二つ）設けられているので、本実施形態のスイッチング電源装置は、多出力の電源装置である。本スイッチング電源装置は、例えばフライバック方式のスイッチング電源であり、半導体をスイッチングさせるために用いられる。   The transformer T having the above configuration is used in a switching power supply device. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply device using the transformer T. Since a plurality (two in this case) of the secondary windings 12 and 13 of the transformer T are provided, the switching power supply device of this embodiment is a multi-output power supply device. This switching power supply device is a flyback switching power supply, for example, and is used for switching a semiconductor.

本スイッチング電源装置は、具体的には、トランスＴと、スイッチング素子２１と、スイッチング素子２１を制御する制御回路２２と、ダイオード２３、２４と、コンデンサ２５、２６とを備える。当該装置は整流・平滑回路を備えていても良い。整流・平滑回路は、外部電源とトランスＴの１次巻線１１との間に接続され、外部電源から供給された電圧を整流及び平滑化する。   Specifically, the switching power supply device includes a transformer T, a switching element 21, a control circuit 22 that controls the switching element 21, diodes 23 and 24, and capacitors 25 and 26. The apparatus may include a rectifying / smoothing circuit. The rectification / smoothing circuit is connected between the external power supply and the primary winding 11 of the transformer T, and rectifies and smoothes the voltage supplied from the external power supply.

スイッチング素子２１は、ＦＥＴ等の半導体スイッチング素子である。スイッチング素子２１は、トランスＴの１次巻線１１に接続されており、１次巻線１１への入力電圧を制御する。制御回路２２は、ＩＣを含み構成され、出力側に設けられた補助巻線１４及びスイッチング素子２１と接続されており、補助巻線１４から電源電圧供給を受けて、１次巻線１１への入力電圧の制御のため、スイッチング素子２１のオン・オフの時比率を制御する。すなわち、制御回路２２は、２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧をそれぞれ所定の電圧に保つために制御する。   The switching element 21 is a semiconductor switching element such as an FET. The switching element 21 is connected to the primary winding 11 of the transformer T and controls the input voltage to the primary winding 11. The control circuit 22 includes an IC and is connected to the auxiliary winding 14 and the switching element 21 provided on the output side. The control circuit 22 receives power supply voltage from the auxiliary winding 14 and supplies the power to the primary winding 11. In order to control the input voltage, the on / off time ratio of the switching element 21 is controlled. That is, the control circuit 22 performs control to keep the output voltages of the secondary windings 12 and 13 at predetermined voltages.

例えば、制御回路２２は、補助巻線１４の電圧を検出する電圧モニタ手段と、補助巻線１４からの出力電圧を平滑化するコンデンサ等の平滑化手段と、発光素子及び受光素子からなるフォトカプラと、ＩＣとを含み構成される。この場合、制御回路２２が行う制御の一例を示すと、まず、平滑化手段を介して電圧モニタ手段が検出した補助巻線１４からの出力電圧値がＩＣに入力される。ＩＣは、当該電圧値と補助巻線１４と２次巻線１２、１３との巻数比とから２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧を算出し、この電圧に基づき２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧を安定化させるための制御信号を生成する。そしてＩＣはこの制御信号を、ＩＣと接続されたフォトカプラの発光素子に出力する。発光素子は入力された制御信号を光信号に変換し、当該光信号をスイッチング素子２１に接続された受光素子に出力する。さらに、この受光素子は入力された光信号を電気信号に変換し、当該信号を受けてスイッチング素子２１の時比率を変更する。   For example, the control circuit 22 includes a voltage monitoring unit that detects the voltage of the auxiliary winding 14, a smoothing unit such as a capacitor that smoothes the output voltage from the auxiliary winding 14, and a photocoupler that includes a light emitting element and a light receiving element. And an IC. In this case, when an example of the control performed by the control circuit 22 is shown, first, the output voltage value from the auxiliary winding 14 detected by the voltage monitoring means is input to the IC via the smoothing means. The IC calculates the output voltage of the secondary windings 12 and 13 from the voltage value and the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding 14 and the secondary windings 12 and 13, and based on this voltage, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are calculated. A control signal is generated to stabilize the output voltage. Then, the IC outputs this control signal to the light emitting element of the photocoupler connected to the IC. The light emitting element converts the input control signal into an optical signal, and outputs the optical signal to the light receiving element connected to the switching element 21. Further, the light receiving element converts the input optical signal into an electric signal, and receives the signal to change the time ratio of the switching element 21.

コンデンサ２５、２６は、２次巻線１２、１３と接続されている。ダイオード２３、２４は、２次巻線１２、１３とコンデンサ２５、２６との間に接続されており、２次巻線１２、１３からの出力電圧を整流する。また、コンデンサ２５、２６により、整流された電圧が平滑化され、直流電圧が生成される。   The capacitors 25 and 26 are connected to the secondary windings 12 and 13. The diodes 23 and 24 are connected between the secondary windings 12 and 13 and the capacitors 25 and 26, and rectify the output voltage from the secondary windings 12 and 13. Further, the rectified voltage is smoothed by the capacitors 25 and 26, and a DC voltage is generated.

［１−２．作用効果］
（１）本実施形態のトランスＴは、コア１０と、コア１０に各巻軸を同じにして装着された１次巻線１１及び二つ以上の２次巻線１２、１３と、を備え、コア１０には、１次巻線１１が装着された箇所にギャップ１５が設けられ、２次巻線１２、１３は、巻軸Ｃの方向の両側かつギャップ１５から等距離に設けるようにした。これにより、各２次巻線１２、１３のインダクタンスの差及び１次巻線１１との結合係数の差を小さくし、図３に示すように、各２次巻線１２、１３からの出力電圧が安定した時に乖離するのを抑制することができる。 [1-2. Effect]
(1) The transformer T of the present embodiment includes a core 10, a primary winding 11 and two or more secondary windings 12 and 13 that are mounted on the core 10 with the same winding axis. 10, a gap 15 is provided at a position where the primary winding 11 is mounted, and the secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided on both sides in the direction of the winding axis C and equidistant from the gap 15. Thereby, the difference in inductance between the secondary windings 12 and 13 and the difference in coupling coefficient with the primary winding 11 are reduced, and the output voltage from each secondary winding 12 and 13 is reduced as shown in FIG. Can be prevented from deviating when is stable.

より詳細に、本実施形態による効果を従来技術と比較しつつ説明する。図１４に示す１次巻線１１１の両側に設けた２次巻線１１２、１１３がギャップ１１５から等距離にない従来のトランスの場合、一例を挙げると、２次巻線１１２、１１３のインダクタンス値が数十μＨのオーダーの場合で１の位のオーダーで異なるとすると、図１５に示すように、２次巻線１１２、１１３からの出力電圧が乖離する。これは、２次巻線１１２、１１３のインダクタンス値の差が大きいことに起因する。図１４の例では、インダクタンス値が１０の位までしか等しくならないのに対し、本実施形態のトランスＴの２次巻線１２、１３のインダクタンス値は、１０−１の桁まで等しくでき、インダクタンス値の一致には二桁も違いがある。 In more detail, the effect by this embodiment is demonstrated, comparing with a prior art. In the case of a conventional transformer in which the secondary windings 112 and 113 provided on both sides of the primary winding 111 shown in FIG. 14 are not equidistant from the gap 115, for example, the inductance values of the secondary windings 112 and 113 are given. Is in the order of tens of μH, and the order of 1 is different, the output voltages from the secondary windings 112 and 113 diverge as shown in FIG. This is because the difference in inductance value between the secondary windings 112 and 113 is large. In the example of FIG. 14, the inductance value is equal only to the order of 10, whereas the inductance values of the secondary windings 12 and 13 of the transformer T of this embodiment can be equal to the order of 10 −1. There is a two-digit difference in matching.

また、図１６に示すように、各２次巻線１１２、１１３の配置箇所をギャップ１１５からの距離を等距離としても、１次巻線１１１からの距離が異なる従来のトランスの場合、２次巻線１１２、１１３のインダクタンス値が数十μＨのオーダーの場合で、１０−１の位のオーダーで異なるとすると、図１７に示すように２次巻線１１２、１１３からの出力電圧が乖離する。これは、両インダクタンス値はほぼ等しいが、１次巻線１１１との結合に差があることに起因する。図１６の例では、インダクタンス値が１の位までしか等しくならない。また、各２次巻線１１２、１１３の１次巻線１１１との結合係数は、１０−１の位までしか等しくならない。一方、本実施形態のトランスＴの２次巻線１２、１３のインダクタンス値は、１０−１の桁まで等しくでき、インダクタンス値の一致には一桁違いがある。また、本実施形態のトランスＴの１次巻線１１との結合係数は１０−２のオーダーまで等しく、結合係数の一致には、一桁の違いがある。 Further, as shown in FIG. 16, in the case of a conventional transformer in which the distance from the primary winding 111 is different even if the distance from the gap 115 is equal to the arrangement location of each secondary winding 112, 113, the secondary If the inductance values of the windings 112 and 113 are on the order of several tens of μH, and if they differ on the order of 10 −1 , the output voltages from the secondary windings 112 and 113 diverge as shown in FIG. . This is because both inductance values are substantially equal, but there is a difference in coupling with the primary winding 111. In the example of FIG. 16, the inductance value is equal only to the order of 1. The coupling coefficient between the primary winding 111 of the secondary winding 112 and 113, not only equal to the nearest 10 -1. On the other hand, the inductance values of the secondary windings 12 and 13 of the transformer T of this embodiment can be made equal to the order of 10 −1 , and there is an order of magnitude difference in matching of the inductance values. Further, the coupling coefficient with the primary winding 11 of the transformer T of the present embodiment is equal to the order of 10 −2 , and there is a one-digit difference in matching of the coupling coefficients.

以上のように、本実施形態によれば、各２次巻線１２、１３のインダクタンスの差及び１次巻線１１との結合係数の差を小さくできるので、各２次巻線１２、１３からの出力電圧が乖離するのを相乗的に抑制することができるトランス及びこれを用いたスイッチング電源装置が得られる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, the difference in inductance between the secondary windings 12 and 13 and the difference in coupling coefficient with the primary winding 11 can be reduced. A transformer capable of synergistically suppressing the deviation of the output voltage and a switching power supply device using the transformer are obtained.

［２．第２の実施形態］
［２−１．構成］
第２の実施形態について、図４〜図１１を用いて説明する。第２の実施形態は、第１の実施形態と基本構成は同じである。よって、第１の実施形態と異なる点のみを説明し、第１の実施形態と同じ部分については同じ符号を付して詳細な説明は省略する。 [2. Second Embodiment]
[2-1. Constitution]
A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The basic configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, only a different point from 1st Embodiment is demonstrated, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the same part as 1st Embodiment, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

図４は、第２の実施形態に係るトランスの全体構成を示す模式的断面図である。図５は、第２の実施形態のトランスＴを用いたスイッチング電源装置の回路図である。第１の実施形態と異なる点は、二つ以上（ここでは二つ）の補助巻線１４、１６を設けた点にある。   FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of the transformer according to the second embodiment. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply device using the transformer T of the second embodiment. The difference from the first embodiment is that two or more (two in this case) auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are provided.

すなわち、補助巻線１４、１６は、各巻線１１〜１３の巻軸方向において、２次巻線１２、１３と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、補助巻線１４、１６同士が並列接続されている点にある。本実施形態では、補助巻線１４、１６は、巻軸方向において、ギャップ１５からの距離を等距離とし、ギャップ１５に対して対称に設けられている。但し、補助巻線１４、１６は、ギャップ１５に対して必ずしも対称に設けられていなくても良い。   That is, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are respectively provided adjacent to the secondary windings 12 and 13 in the winding axis direction of the windings 11 to 13, and the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are connected in parallel. It is in. In the present embodiment, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are provided symmetrically with respect to the gap 15 with the distance from the gap 15 being the same distance in the winding axis direction. However, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are not necessarily provided symmetrically with respect to the gap 15.

また、本実施形態では、２次巻線１２、１３は、補助巻線１４、１６より１次巻線１１の近くに設けられている。なお、各巻線１１〜１６は、樹脂等の絶縁材料からなるボビンにより絶縁されている。また、図５に示すように、補助巻線１４、１６は、制御回路２２とも並列に接続されている。   In the present embodiment, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided closer to the primary winding 11 than the auxiliary windings 14 and 16. Each winding 11-16 is insulated by a bobbin made of an insulating material such as resin. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are also connected in parallel with the control circuit 22.

［２−２．作用効果］
（１）本実施形態の作用効果を、例として第１の実施形態と比較しながら説明する。本実施形態は、２次巻線１２、１３にそれぞれ異種の負荷を接続する場合など、負荷のバランスがアンバランスである場合であっても、２次巻線１２、１３からの出力電圧の変動を抑制することができるものである。なお、本実施形態の構成は１次巻線と二つ以上の２次巻線を備えるトランスであれば適用可能である。 [2-2. Effect]
(1) The operational effects of the present embodiment will be described by way of example in comparison with the first embodiment. In this embodiment, even when loads of different loads are connected to the secondary windings 12 and 13, respectively, even when the load balance is unbalanced, the output voltage variation from the secondary windings 12 and 13 varies. Can be suppressed. In addition, the structure of this embodiment is applicable if it is a transformer provided with a primary winding and two or more secondary windings.

まず、第１の実施形態の構成において、負荷のバランスを変えたときの２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧の波形を図６に示す。具体的には、図６は、２次巻線１２の電流を０Ａ、２次巻線１３の電流を０．１Ａとした場合の出力電圧波形（整流後）の例である。図６の点線間の幅は、２次巻線１２の最大出力電圧と２次巻線１３の最小出力電圧の間の幅であり、その間隔が約４．２５Ｖであることが分かる。   First, FIG. 6 shows waveforms of output voltages of the secondary windings 12 and 13 when the load balance is changed in the configuration of the first embodiment. Specifically, FIG. 6 is an example of an output voltage waveform (after rectification) when the current of the secondary winding 12 is 0A and the current of the secondary winding 13 is 0.1A. The width between the dotted lines in FIG. 6 is the width between the maximum output voltage of the secondary winding 12 and the minimum output voltage of the secondary winding 13, and the interval is about 4.25V.

一方、本実施形態では、コア１０と、コア１０に装着された１次巻線１１と、コア１０に、巻軸を１次巻線１１の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の２次巻線１２、１３と、コア１０に、巻軸を１次巻線１１の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の補助巻線１４、１６と、を備え、補助巻線１４、１６は、２次巻線１２、１３と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、補助巻線１４、１６同士を並列接続するようにした。これにより、負荷のバランスをアンバランスにした場合であっても、クロスレギュレーションの問題を改善することができる。例えば、図７は、負荷のバランスを変えたときの２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧の波形（整流後）を示し、図６の場合と同様、２次巻線１２の電流を０Ａ、２次巻線１３の電流を０．１Ａとした場合の例である。図７に示すように、２次巻線１２、１３の最大出力電圧と最小出力電圧の一点鎖線間の幅は、約２．２５Ｖであり、図６の点線間の幅（約４．２５Ｖ）より狭く、出力電圧の変動は小さい。すなわち、出力電圧の安定性が向上し、クロスレギュレーションが改善されていることが分かる。   On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the core 10, the primary winding 11 attached to the core 10, and two or more attached to the core 10 with the same winding axis as the winding axis of the primary winding 11. Secondary windings 12 and 13, and two or more auxiliary windings 14 and 16 mounted on the core 10 with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding 11. , 16 are provided adjacent to the secondary windings 12, 13, respectively, and the auxiliary windings 14, 16 are connected in parallel. Thereby, even when the load balance is unbalanced, the problem of cross regulation can be improved. For example, FIG. 7 shows the waveform of the output voltage (after rectification) of the secondary windings 12 and 13 when the load balance is changed, and the current of the secondary winding 12 is set to 0 A, as in FIG. In this example, the current of the secondary winding 13 is 0.1 A. As shown in FIG. 7, the width between the alternate long and short dash lines of the maximum output voltage and the minimum output voltage of the secondary windings 12 and 13 is about 2.25V, and the width between the dotted lines in FIG. 6 (about 4.25V). Narrower and less output voltage fluctuation. That is, it can be seen that the stability of the output voltage is improved and the cross regulation is improved.

その理由について、第１の実施形態を踏まえて説明する。まず、第１の実施形態では、負荷をアンバランスにすると、無負荷側の２次巻線の出力電圧波形に歪みが生じる。その一例を図８に示す。図８は、整流前の２次巻線の電圧波形である。図８（ａ）は、２次巻線１２に流れる電流を０Ａ（無負荷）、２次巻線１３に流れる電流を０．１Ａとした場合の出力電圧波形であり、図８（ｂ）は、負荷アンバランスを逆にしたもので、２次巻線１２に流れる電流を０．１Ａ、２次巻線１３に流れる電流を０Ａ（無負荷）とした場合の出力電圧波形である。このように、無負荷側の出力電圧波形が歪むということは、この歪みの分だけ出力電圧が変化することを意味する。   The reason will be described based on the first embodiment. First, in the first embodiment, when the load is unbalanced, distortion occurs in the output voltage waveform of the secondary winding on the no-load side. An example is shown in FIG. FIG. 8 is a voltage waveform of the secondary winding before rectification. FIG. 8A shows an output voltage waveform when the current flowing through the secondary winding 12 is 0 A (no load) and the current flowing through the secondary winding 13 is 0.1 A. FIG. The output voltage waveform when the load imbalance is reversed and the current flowing through the secondary winding 12 is 0.1 A and the current flowing through the secondary winding 13 is 0 A (no load). Thus, the distortion of the output voltage waveform on the no-load side means that the output voltage changes by the amount of the distortion.

なお、２次巻線の出力電圧波形に歪みが生じると、これに伴い当該２次巻線に隣接する補助巻線１４の電圧波形にも歪みが生じる。例えば、図９（ａ）に示すように、補助巻線１４から遠い２次巻線１２、補助巻線１４から近い２次巻線１３に流れる電流がそれぞれ０Ａ、０．１Ａの場合の補助巻線１４の電圧波形に対し、図９（ｂ）に示すように、補助巻線１４から遠い２次巻線１２、補助巻線１４から近い２次巻線１３に流れる電流がそれぞれ０．１Ａ、０Ａの場合の補助巻線１４の電圧波形は、時間２６０〜２６２μｓの区間において波形の形状が異なっており、図９（ｂ）の波形で歪みが生じている。補助巻線１４は、２次巻線１２からは遠く、２次巻線１３からは近くに配置されているから、補助巻線１４と各２次巻線１２、１３との結合係数がそれぞれ異なる。そのため、補助巻線１４の磁界を介した各２次巻線１２、１３への作用の仕方が異なり、クロスレギュレーションを改善することにはなりにくい。   When the output voltage waveform of the secondary winding is distorted, the voltage waveform of the auxiliary winding 14 adjacent to the secondary winding is also distorted. For example, as shown in FIG. 9A, the auxiliary winding in the case where the currents flowing in the secondary winding 12 far from the auxiliary winding 14 and the secondary winding 13 close to the auxiliary winding 14 are 0 A and 0.1 A, respectively. With respect to the voltage waveform of the line 14, as shown in FIG. 9B, the current flowing through the secondary winding 12 far from the auxiliary winding 14 and the secondary winding 13 near from the auxiliary winding 14 is 0.1A, The voltage waveform of the auxiliary winding 14 in the case of 0 A has a different waveform shape in the section of time 260 to 262 μs, and the waveform shown in FIG. 9B is distorted. Since the auxiliary winding 14 is arranged far from the secondary winding 12 and close to the secondary winding 13, the coupling coefficient between the auxiliary winding 14 and each of the secondary windings 12 and 13 is different. . Therefore, the way of acting on the secondary windings 12 and 13 via the magnetic field of the auxiliary winding 14 is different, and it is difficult to improve the cross regulation.

一方、本実施形態では、コア１０に装着された二つの補助巻線１４、１６を設け、これらの巻線１４、１６を並列接続するようにした。このため、補助巻線１４、１６同士は短絡し、補助巻線１４、１６の電圧波形は同じようになる。例えば、図１０は、２次巻線１２の電流を０Ａ、２次巻線１３の電流を０．１Ａとしたときの補助巻線１４、１６の電圧波形であり、両波形が同じようになっていることが分かる。また、補助巻線１４を２次巻線１３に、補助巻線１６を２次巻線１２にそれぞれ隣接して設けることで、補助巻線１４、１６から発生した磁界が隣接する２次巻線１２、１３に作用する。   On the other hand, in this embodiment, two auxiliary windings 14 and 16 attached to the core 10 are provided, and these windings 14 and 16 are connected in parallel. For this reason, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are short-circuited, and the voltage waveforms of the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are the same. For example, FIG. 10 shows voltage waveforms of the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 when the current of the secondary winding 12 is 0 A and the current of the secondary winding 13 is 0.1 A. Both waveforms are the same. I understand that Further, the auxiliary winding 14 is provided adjacent to the secondary winding 13 and the auxiliary winding 16 is provided adjacent to the secondary winding 12 so that the magnetic field generated from the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 is adjacent to the secondary winding. 12 and 13.

すなわち、負荷がアンバランスになったとき、一方の２次巻線１２、１３の電圧波形は正常であるが、他方の２次巻線１２、１３の電圧波形には歪みが生じる。これに伴い、歪んだ２次巻線１２、１３側の補助巻線１４、１６の電圧波形も歪む。しかし、正常な２次巻線１２、１３側の補助巻線１４、１６側の電圧波形は正常であり、両補助巻線１４、１６は短絡しているので、歪んだ２次巻線１２、１３側の補助巻線１４、１６の電圧波形も正常になる。この正常な電圧波形となる補助巻線１４、１６が歪んだ電圧波形となる２次巻線１２、１３に作用し、正常な電圧波形となり、歪みが軽減される。その一例として、図１１に整流前の２次巻線１２、１３の電圧波形を示す。図１１は、２次巻線１２の電流を０Ａ、２次巻線１３の電流を０．１Ａとしたときの電圧波形である。図１１の丸点線部に示すように、２次巻線１２の電圧波形の突出した部分（図中約２０Ｖ）が、図８（ａ）の２次巻線１２の突出した部分（図中約２１Ｖ）と比較して下がっており、歪みが改善されていることが分かる。このように、整流前の２次巻線１２、１３の両電圧波形が同様になるように改善されているため、クロスレギュレーションを低減させることができる。   That is, when the load is unbalanced, the voltage waveform of one of the secondary windings 12 and 13 is normal, but the voltage waveform of the other secondary windings 12 and 13 is distorted. Accordingly, the distorted voltage waveforms of the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 on the secondary windings 12 and 13 side are also distorted. However, since the voltage waveforms on the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 on the normal secondary windings 12 and 13 side are normal and the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are short-circuited, the distorted secondary windings 12 and 16 are short-circuited. The voltage waveforms of the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 on the 13th side also become normal. The auxiliary windings 14 and 16 having a normal voltage waveform act on the secondary windings 12 and 13 having a distorted voltage waveform to obtain a normal voltage waveform, thereby reducing distortion. As an example, FIG. 11 shows voltage waveforms of the secondary windings 12 and 13 before rectification. FIG. 11 shows voltage waveforms when the current of the secondary winding 12 is 0A and the current of the secondary winding 13 is 0.1A. As shown by the round dotted line in FIG. 11, the protruding portion of the voltage waveform of the secondary winding 12 (about 20 V in the figure) is the protruding portion of the secondary winding 12 in FIG. 21V), the distortion is improved. As described above, since the voltage waveforms of the secondary windings 12 and 13 before rectification are improved to be the same, cross regulation can be reduced.

（２）本実施形態では、２次巻線１２、１３は、巻軸の方向において、１次巻線１１の両側かつ補助巻線１４、１６より１次巻線１１の近くに設けるようにした。これにより、各２次巻線１２、１３と１次巻線１１との結合係数を大きくすることができ、トランスとしての変換効率を向上させることができる。 (2) In the present embodiment, the secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided on both sides of the primary winding 11 and closer to the primary winding 11 than the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 in the direction of the winding axis. . Thereby, the coupling coefficient of each secondary winding 12 and 13 and the primary winding 11 can be enlarged, and the conversion efficiency as a transformer can be improved.

［３．他の実施形態］
本発明は、上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、下記に示す他の実施形態も包含する。また、上記実施形態及び下記の他の実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせにより、種々の発明を形成できる。実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除、変更、置換等してもよい。他の実施形態の一例を下記に示す。また、上記実施形態及び下記の他の実施形態又はその組み合わせ等によるトランスを用いたスイッチング電源装置も本発明の範囲に含まれる。 [3. Other Embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as it is, and includes other embodiments described below. In addition, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiment and the following other embodiments. In the implementation stage, the constituent elements can be modified and embodied without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, some components may be deleted, changed, replaced, etc. from all the components shown in the embodiment. An example of another embodiment is shown below. Moreover, the switching power supply device using the transformer according to the above embodiment and the following other embodiments or combinations thereof is also included in the scope of the present invention.

（１）第１及び第２の実施形態では、２次巻線１２、１３を二つ設けたが、三つ以上設けても良い。２次巻線を奇数個設ける場合、例えば３つ設ける場合には、図１２に示すように、二つの２次巻線１２、１３をギャップ１５を基準に対称に設け、三つ目の２次巻線１７は何れか一方の２次巻線１２、１３に層状に重ねて設ける。すなわち、何れか一方の２次巻線１２、１３の外側に巻軸方向を中心とした半径を変えて設ける。但し、樹脂製のボビン等で互いの巻線は絶縁する。 (1) In the first and second embodiments, two secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided, but three or more may be provided. When an odd number of secondary windings are provided, for example, when three secondary windings are provided, as shown in FIG. 12, the two secondary windings 12 and 13 are provided symmetrically with respect to the gap 15, and the third secondary winding is provided. The winding 17 is provided in a layered manner on one of the secondary windings 12 and 13. That is, it is provided outside either one of the secondary windings 12 and 13 while changing the radius around the winding axis direction. However, the windings of each other are insulated with a resin bobbin or the like.

２次巻線を偶数個設ける場合は、ギャップから等距離に設ける。４つ以上設ける場合は、例えば、奇数個設ける場合と同様に層状に重ねて設ける。このように、三つ以上の２次巻線を設ける多出力の形態であっても、上記のように、ギャップ１５を基準に対称、かつ、１次巻線１１との距離を等距離にすることで、インダクタンス値及び１次巻線１１との結合係数をそれぞれ等しくすることができる。従って、多出力の場合であっても、互いの出力電圧値の乖離を抑制できるスイッチング電源装置を得ることができる。   When an even number of secondary windings are provided, they are provided equidistant from the gap. When four or more are provided, for example, they are provided in a layered manner as in the case of providing an odd number. Thus, even in the multi-output configuration in which three or more secondary windings are provided, as described above, the gap 15 is symmetrical with respect to the reference and the distance from the primary winding 11 is equal. Thus, the inductance value and the coupling coefficient with the primary winding 11 can be made equal. Therefore, even in the case of multiple outputs, it is possible to obtain a switching power supply device that can suppress the difference between the output voltage values of each other.

（２）第１及び第２の実施形態では、補助巻線１４、１６及び制御回路２２を１次巻線１１と絶縁して設けていたが、図１３に示すように、１次巻線１１に接続するように補助巻線１４、１６及び制御回路２２を設けても良い。スイッチング素子２１の制御について、図１３の場合で説明すると、制御回路２２は、補助巻線１４の電圧を分圧する抵抗と、分圧された電圧を検出する電圧モニタ手段と、ＩＣとを備える。ＩＣは、入力された分圧値、分圧比、及び補助巻線１４と２次巻線１２、１３との巻数比とから２次巻線１２、１３の出力電圧を算出し、所定の電圧になるように制御信号を生成し、スイッチング素子２１に出力する。 (2) In the first and second embodiments, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 and the control circuit 22 are provided insulated from the primary winding 11, but as shown in FIG. The auxiliary windings 14 and 16 and the control circuit 22 may be provided so as to be connected to each other. The control of the switching element 21 will be described with reference to FIG. 13. The control circuit 22 includes a resistor that divides the voltage of the auxiliary winding 14, a voltage monitoring unit that detects the divided voltage, and an IC. The IC calculates the output voltage of the secondary windings 12 and 13 from the input voltage dividing value, the voltage dividing ratio, and the turns ratio of the auxiliary winding 14 and the secondary windings 12 and 13, and sets the voltage to a predetermined voltage. A control signal is generated and output to the switching element 21.

（３）第２の実施形態では、二つの補助巻線１４、１６を各巻線１１〜１３の巻軸を同じにし、２次巻線１２、１３よりも１次巻線の遠くに設けるようにしたが、逆にしても良い。すなわち、各巻軸の方向において、１次巻線１１の両側に補助巻線１４、１６を一つずつ設け、さらにその外側に２次巻線１２、１３を設けるようにしても良い。 (3) In the second embodiment, the two auxiliary windings 14, 16 are arranged so that the winding axes of the respective windings 11-13 are the same, and are provided farther from the primary winding than the secondary windings 12, 13. However, it may be reversed. That is, in the direction of each winding axis, one auxiliary winding 14 and 16 may be provided on both sides of the primary winding 11 and the secondary windings 12 and 13 may be provided on the outer sides thereof.

（４）第１及び第２の実施形態では、補助巻線１４、１６を１次巻線１１の巻軸方向において、２次巻線１２、１３と重ならないように同一直線上に設けるようにしたが、巻軸方向を中心とした半径を変えて２次巻線１２、１３に層状に隣接して設けても良い。一例を示すと、２次巻線１３の外側に補助巻線１４を巻回して設け、２次巻線１２の外側に補助巻線１６を巻回して設けることができる。 (4) In the first and second embodiments, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are provided on the same straight line so as not to overlap the secondary windings 12 and 13 in the winding axis direction of the primary winding 11. However, the secondary windings 12 and 13 may be provided adjacent to each other in a layered manner by changing the radius around the winding axis direction. For example, the auxiliary winding 14 can be wound around the outer side of the secondary winding 13, and the auxiliary winding 16 can be wound around the outer side of the secondary winding 12.

（５）第２の実施形態では、補助巻線１４、１６はギャップ１５に対して等距離に設けられ、ギャップ１５に対して対称に設けられていたが、これに限定されない。すなわち、補助巻線１４、１６がギャップ１５に対して等距離でなく非対称に設けられていたとしても、２次巻線１２、１３に均等に作用できれば良い。また、補助巻線１４、１６が、巻軸方向において、２次巻線１２、１３よりも１次巻線１１の近くに設けられていても良い。 (5) In the second embodiment, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are provided equidistantly with respect to the gap 15 and are provided symmetrically with respect to the gap 15. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, even if the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are not equidistant with respect to the gap 15 but are provided asymmetrically, it is sufficient that they can act equally on the secondary windings 12 and 13. Further, the auxiliary windings 14 and 16 may be provided closer to the primary winding 11 than the secondary windings 12 and 13 in the winding axis direction.

（６）第２の実施形態では、補助巻線１４、１６を二つ設けたが、三つ以上設けても良い。例えば、２次巻線が三つ以上設けられる場合に、各２次巻線にそれぞれ補助巻線を隣接配置し、各補助巻線同士は互いに並列接続する。 (6) Although the two auxiliary windings 14 and 16 are provided in the second embodiment, three or more auxiliary windings may be provided. For example, when three or more secondary windings are provided, auxiliary windings are arranged adjacent to each secondary winding, and the auxiliary windings are connected in parallel to each other.

１０ コア
１０ａ 中脚部
１１ １次巻線
１２、１３、１７ ２次巻線
１４、１６ 補助巻線
１５ ギャップ
２１ スイッチング素子
２２ 制御回路
２３、２４ ダイオード（整流手段）
２５、２６ コンデンサ（平滑化手段）
Ｔ トランス
Ｃ １次巻線及び２次巻線の巻軸が一致する直線 10 Core 10a Middle leg 11 Primary winding 12, 13, 17 Secondary winding 14, 16 Auxiliary winding 15 Gap 21 Switching element 22 Control circuit 23, 24 Diode (rectifying means)
25, 26 capacitor (smoothing means)
T Transformer C A straight line where the primary and secondary winding axes coincide.

Claims (4)

コアと、
前記コアに装着された１次巻線と、
前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の２次巻線と、
前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の補助巻線と、
を備え、
前記補助巻線は、前記２次巻線と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、前記補助巻線同士が並列接続され、
前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記補助巻線より前記１次巻線の近くに設けられていること、
を特徴とするトランス。 The core,
A primary winding mounted on the core;
Two or more secondary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding;
Two or more auxiliary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding;
With
The auxiliary windings are respectively provided adjacent to the secondary windings, and the auxiliary windings are connected in parallel ,
The secondary winding is provided on both sides of the primary winding and closer to the primary winding than the auxiliary winding in the winding axis direction of the primary winding;
Transformer characterized by 前記コアには、前記１次巻線が装着された箇所にギャップが設けられ、
前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記ギャップから等距離に設けられていること、
を特徴とする請求項１に記載のトランス。 The core is provided with a gap where the primary winding is mounted,
The secondary winding is provided on both sides of the primary winding and equidistant from the gap in the winding axis direction of the primary winding;
The transformer according to claim 1 . コアと、The core,
前記コアに装着された１次巻線と、A primary winding mounted on the core;
前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の２次巻線と、Two or more secondary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding;
前記コアに、巻軸を前記１次巻線の巻軸と同じにして装着された二つ以上の補助巻線と、Two or more auxiliary windings mounted on the core with the same winding axis as that of the primary winding;
を備え、With
前記補助巻線は、前記２次巻線と隣接してそれぞれ設けられ、前記補助巻線同士が並列接続され、The auxiliary windings are respectively provided adjacent to the secondary windings, and the auxiliary windings are connected in parallel,
前記コアには、前記１次巻線が装着された箇所にギャップが設けられ、The core is provided with a gap where the primary winding is mounted,
前記２次巻線は、前記１次巻線の巻軸方向において、前記１次巻線の両側かつ前記ギャップから等距離に設けられていること、The secondary winding is provided on both sides of the primary winding and equidistant from the gap in the winding axis direction of the primary winding;
を特徴とするトランス。Transformer characterized by 前記請求項１〜前記請求項３の何れか１項に記載のトランスと、
前記トランスの１次巻線に接続されたスイッチング素子と、
前記スイッチング素子を制御する制御回路と、
を備えたこと、
を特徴とするスイッチング電源装置。 The transformer according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A switching element connected to the primary winding of the transformer;
A control circuit for controlling the switching element;
Having
A switching power supply device.
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KR102075417B1 (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-02-10 주식회사 케이피일렉트릭 A main transformer for electric traction vehicle

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