JP6163234B1 - Function expansion control device for load connected to AC power line - Google Patents

Abstract

A control device for controlling a load connected to an AC power line by operating a plurality of switches is provided. Each time a plurality of switches are operated, the voltage drop of the non-linear elements connected in series and parallel or the information of the combination of the switch operations in the “turn-on phase time point” or “turn-off phase time point” changed thereby. Transmits information to be mapped and controlled. Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and microcontrollers may be used to replace non-linear elements such as DIACs and Zener diodes. [Selection] Figure 5

Description

  The present invention can be further expanded from the function of a simple on / off control switch and a switch connected in series to an AC power line to be used for various load control applications, or a large number of loads can be selected and controlled. If so, the present invention relates to a technology and an apparatus which are economically performed by adding some elemental technologies to existing switches and loads.

  The embedded wall switch and ceiling lighting are connected in series via indoor wiring, and the brightness is adjusted by the number of flashing lightings by replacing one existing lighting with multiple lightings. When trying to do so, multiple wall switches must be provided, and if each switch is intended to control lighting in a way that interrupts the power going to the lighting, it will match the lighting added in series in the existing indoor wiring. There is an inconvenience that only the track has to be added.

  If you want to control lighting by adding switches and lighting without replacing or adding existing indoor wiring, or in addition to turning on / off each lighting control function with multiple switch operations, For example, it is a technique that can cope with the case where control content such as blinking, brightness, hue, operation time, or operation mode is to be expanded.

  It is not limited to lighting, but is useful for controlling various electrical equipment that uses AC electricity. Especially, equipment that uses wall switches controls existing indoor wiring as it is. is there.

  In some cases, you can select and control multiple motors for motorized windows and screens, ceiling fans, air conditioners, motorized valves, boilers, etc., and adjust the temperature as desired by controlling the heating element. Including.

In the present invention, lighting, a motor, a solenoid, and a heating element, which are loads to which one or more AC power lines are connected and supplied with power, are controlled. First, lighting will be described as an example.

Wall switches are frequently used for lighting control applications, and most methods control the power supplied to the lighting by mechanical contact interruptions, and the on / off operation using relays and switch electrical elements remains. It is normal. In addition to on / off, various functions such as adjusting the brightness of light, adjusting the hue of light emitting diode (LED) lighting, adjusting the timer, and operating mode are difficult to perform with existing switches.

In addition to the wall switch, when the illumination is controlled from the outside using a remote controller, a mobile phone, or an IoT device, it is necessary to provide the receiver of these wireless communication control means in the illumination or to the wall switch. is there. When the receiver of the wireless communication means is provided in the illumination, the power supply itself is cut off to the circuit of the wireless communication means when the power supply is cut off by an existing switch that interrupts the power supply. Must be used, which is costly and troublesome.

In order to avoid this, instead of using an existing switch system that interrupts the power supply, a switch having a structure in which power supply is always maintained is applied, and switching means for controlling the load is provided on the load side. Means must be provided to remotely receive operational information and operate the load.

On the other hand, when the receiving unit of the wireless communication control unit is disposed near the switch, the power control of the load can be performed by the wireless communication control unit through lighting on / off and phase control via the power line. However, in addition to this, in order to control various loads, a separate communication line is installed, or a load control signal is sent to the switching means provided on the load side using a power line between the switch and the lighting. It is necessary to add a transmission method. Electric power is transmitted through the switch, and the electrical contact switch of the existing system generally has a difficulty in generating a power source for the receiving unit of the wireless communication control means and the control circuit.

The method of installing a separate communication line is excluded because of its cost, and there are several types of methods for transmitting the illumination control information via the power line. The brightness of an incandescent lamp can be controlled by controlling the amount of power supplied by a phase control method using a classic Triac element, but it has a non-linear characteristic such as a fluorescent lamp or a light emitting diode (LED). Many new technical methods for linearly adjusting the brightness of the illumination load have been put on the market, but this method is limited to the adjustment of the brightness of the illumination.

In this technology, a plurality of switches are used so as to selectively control a plurality of loads or perform various controls on one load, and a waveform of AC power according to a combination of operation states of the switches. The control information is transmitted to the load side via the AC power line by a method of transforming the AC voltage waveform using an element having non-linear characteristics within a half cycle or one cycle, and the “control receiver” on the load side is transmitted. The information is decoded with reference to the voltage waveform of the AC power source to determine the combination of the operation states of the plurality of switches, and based on the determination, the load is selected and controlled as previously promised, or in advance The load is controlled in various ways as promised.

In control or communication, the power line communication technology that uses a power line and transmits a high-frequency signal waveform on the AC basic frequency waveform is already well known, and the waveform is modified by controlling the phase of the AC power supply. Then, the data bit of “0” or “1” is made to correspond, and each phase of “0” or “1” is serially corresponded to the phase control of a large number of waveforms flowing according to time, and information is loaded on the power line and transmitted. A phase control communication system is also known.

The present invention is a parallel concept in which all combination information of operation states of a large number of switches is reflected in a half-cycle voltage waveform or a single-cycle voltage waveform unlike a power line communication because a high-frequency signal waveform is not mounted. This method has other advantages and disadvantages as compared to the phase angle control communication in which information is transmitted using the above waveform.

The present invention uses a plurality of switches, but the number of cases in which control is attempted by switch operation is less than or equal to a predetermined number, so that control information to be transmitted is limited, and a half-cycle waveform or Since all the information of the control content is included in one period waveform and transmitted via the power line, additional controls other than turning on / off lighting and motors are typically performed by operating several switches with a finger. In the case where the control is performed by selecting from a plurality of control objects, there is an economic and technical advantage.

As an example of a method of sending a control signal on a power line without connecting a separate communication line, there is a method described in Korean Patent No. 10-1278125, etc., but in the case of such classic power line communication, Is expensive and difficult to install in the form of an existing wall switch, and it is difficult to supply power.

With reference to a power line communication device using the phase of alternating current described in Korean Patent No. 10-1187729 and Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 10-2014-0127193, digital communication information to be transmitted using a microcomputer It can be seen that, depending on the value, the voltage is deformed in the zero crossing area where the AC electric waveform is continuous, and the information is transmitted for use in communication.

The patent uses a variation of an electrical waveform that maps 0 or 1 for each half-wave or one-wavelength of a continuous waveform of AC electricity to transmit data serially using waveforms of multiple periods. A structure that performs communication, and there is a problem in transmitting the operation combination of multiple switches on the wall as information at a single point using communication means connected in series with a load, and securing the power supply necessary for circuit operation There is a problem with the method.

An incandescent lamp or a fluorescent lamp connected in series with a switch with a direct current load or an alternating current power line such as a light emitting diode (LED) lighting or a direct current motor or solenoid connected with a switch with an alternating current power line and driven through an AC / DC converter It is trying to control various functions without simply turning on / off an AC load such as a light or heat transfer device or an AC motor.

Control of various functions includes, for example, adjusting the brightness of lighting, changing the hue of light-emitting diode (LED) lighting, adjusting the timer for lighting control, and the motor rotating direction, rotating amount, rotating time In other words, the control of fluctuation of the rotation pattern according to the rotation speed and time.

Nichrome wire and other heating elements that use electricity can be applied to indirect control using a change in the target temperature value in addition to turning on / off the operation. This includes controlling the amount of control in a step-by-step manner, and includes selectively controlling a plurality of lighting, motors, heating elements, and solenoids.

In order to control such various functions, it is necessary to use a plurality of switches in order to input an intention to control, and to control various functions corresponding to combinations of operation states of the switches. set to target.

The plurality of switches may be switches operated by hand, may be a plurality of touch sensors, or may be touch signal sensing means for a plurality of coordinates on one touch pad. When a combination of operation states of a plurality of switches is made to correspond to an angle at which a rotating knob or volume or a jog shuttle having a restoring force during rotation is rotated by hand, such a rotating knob, volume or When the jog shuttle is used as an input means, it is recognized that it corresponds to a plurality of switches.

The present invention is for selectively controlling a plurality of loads connected to an AC power line, or performing various controls other than ON / OFF for a single load by a combination of operating states of a plurality of switches. Thus, in addition to the application of a plurality of switches, a method for transmitting and controlling various control contents on an AC power line without laying a plurality of separate control communication lines or power lines is realized.

Control the illumination, motor, solenoid or heating element load with a wireless communication means such as infrared remote control, RF remote control, ZigBee, Z-Wave, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, 3G modem, LTE modem, or IoT, or Control in response to the detection values of sensors such as human body sensors and doorway door opening / closing sensors, or automatically control the brightness of lighting in the area by using illuminance sensors, or use a clock or timer When the control is performed according to the time condition, the problem that occurs when the existing wall switch method is applied is also improved. The biggest problem is the power supply problem of the circuits for starting these wireless communication means or sensors or timers.

Since the existing wall switch adopts a system that performs on / off control by intermittently supplying the power directed to the load, when a load side wireless communication means or a sensor or timer is provided when the power is cut off, the power to the operating circuit is provided. Therefore, the control using the wall switch and the wireless communication provided on the load side or the control using the sensor or timer are difficult to use together.

In order to use both of these, power to the load side is not cut off by the operation of the switch, so power must be supplied to the “control receiver” that controls the load. The combination information of the operation of the operated switch is transmitted to the “control receiver” via the AC power line, and the “control receiver” must be able to restore the combination information and use it for load control. Provide the means.

In short, the present invention utilizes existing power lines as they are without additional installation of additional power lines or communication lines, and controls lighting using a plurality of switches or their equivalents, or is controlled by a motor. Such as electric blinds, electric curtains, electric windows, electric valves, etc., to move the object by a specific displacement, or adjust the rotational speed of the fan suspended from the ceiling, or use a solenoid It provides an economical method of adjusting the room temperature by controlling the actuator displacement or direction or controlling the air conditioner or boiler or heater via a motor or a heat generating device.

In order to perform various controls other than on / off of the lighting, motor, solenoid or heating element, or to select and control from a plurality of control targets, the control target should be recognized or controlled. A plurality of switches are used as means for inputting the above.
The switch is not limited to an A-type or B-type contact switch that is pressed by hand, and any switch that can perform a toggle switch, slide switch, or other intermittent function can be used. It is also possible to adopt a switch that inputs signals recognized at multiple coordinate touch points to a microcontroller on a single touchpad, and a rotary knob or a jog shuttle with volume or restoring force This includes a case where a part or all of the switches are replaced by corresponding a combination of a plurality of switch operations to the rotation angle.

In the case of a switch that is intermittently switched by hand, a DIAC or a Zener diode is directly connected to the switch by using a plurality of switches and a plurality of DIACs or Zener diodes (hereinafter, the expression “Zener diode” also includes a TVS Zener diode). Various combinations of circuit connections are made by connecting in parallel and connecting the series-parallel pairs again in series-parallel.

A DIAC or a Zener diode can be used as the non-linear element. However, in the case of the DIAC, only a low forward bias voltage is applied when switching to an off state or an on state until a brake over phenomenon occurs. When a direct current power supply device is essential, such as a light emitting diode (LED) illumination that mainly uses direct current, a low power factor for a predetermined time after the phase is converted Considering this, there is an advantage that there is almost no power consumption.

When operating each switch connected in the circuit, a brake over phenomenon occurs when a predetermined voltage is applied in the case of DIAC, depending on the switch turned off in each pair, and in the forward direction in the case of a Zener diode. A voltage drop or reverse breakdown voltage drop occurs and the overlap effect appears across the circuit. This circuit is referred to as a “switch unit”.

As a result, both ends of the “switch section” replace the combination information of the operation states of the plurality of switches with the state of voltage drop across the both ends. The circuit must be constructed with a good combination of switches and DIAC or Zener diodes so that a drop pattern appears at both ends. When n switches are used, a combination of 2 to the power of n is possible, but among them, the voltage drop across the “switch section” depends on the combination that operates the switch by an amount corresponding to the desired number of control types. The circuit is configured so that the aspects are identified differently.

The “switch unit” is connected in series with a “control receiving unit” that controls the load and an AC power line, and a combination of pressing of each switch of the “switch unit” is selected for selection of a plurality of control targets or control contents. The voltage drop generated at both ends of the “switch unit” and the “control receiver unit” divide the power supply voltage into divided voltages, so the “control receiver unit” is the difference between the voltage drop of the “switch unit”. When the value is analyzed, the combination of pressing each switch of the “switch unit” can be discriminated also in the “control receiving unit” connected in series. The “control receiving unit” controls the load corresponding to the combination.

FIG. 1 shows an example of a “switch unit” in which four switches and Zener diodes are connected in parallel to each other and then connected in series again. In this case, the waveform of the voltage applied to the “control receiving unit” by the operation of the “switch unit” is shown in the left diagram of FIG. 2 (an example in which the control receiving unit has a linear characteristic like a resistor).

When there is no operation of the “switch unit”, a normal sine wave power supply voltage is applied to the “control receiving unit” like a dotted waveform, but by pressing each switch of the “switch unit”, A voltage drop of the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode connected in parallel with it occurs, and as a result of the overlap, a voltage drop occurs at both ends of the `` switch part '', and the `` control receiving part '' is in series with the `` switch part '' In order to divide the AC electric voltage by being connected to each other, the divided waveform is shown. (The forward bias voltage drop that occurs according to the polarity is a relatively low value and is ignored.)

Refer to the time at which the voltage at the time when the polarity is changed to 0 V in order to determine the combination of the switch operation states of the “switch unit” in the voltage waveform of the half cycle or one cycle of AC electricity divided by the “control receiver” Is the most convenient way to actually do it.

It can be confirmed from the waveform diagram of FIG. 2 that the waveform divided by the voltage drop of the “switch unit” is reduced in size, so that the width of a section called zero crossing becomes wider. The voltage is converted into a digital signal around the zero crossing interval of 0V by various means such as a photocoupler, and is input again to the microcontroller port, and the repetition cycle of the zero crossing signal generated periodically is stored. 2 can be inferred from the phase difference of the phases when the inputs are different from each other, as shown in FIG.

Since the information of the combination of the operation states of each switch can be mapped by the fluctuation of the phase time point of the zero crossing section, it is different from the existing “switch unit” configured by a combination of a plurality of Zener diodes and switches. Means for the structure and also causing variations in the zero-crossing interval are conceivable. As a result, the AC electric voltage waveform sensed in the “control receiver” is as shown in the right diagram of FIG. The difference is that instead of the voltage drop of the “switch part” occurring in the entire waveform of a half cycle or one cycle, there is a voltage change only in the zero crossing interval.

Based on the combination information of the switch operation states, the voltage of the whole period is reduced by the Zener diode as shown in the left waveform diagram of FIG. 2, or by the DIAC element as shown in the right waveform diagram. The waveform at the time of the occurrence of the brake over is deformed. More conveniently, a microcontroller is used to input a plurality of switches, and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or a triac is switched according to the operation of the switches. It is possible to change the turn-on time of the AC power that controls the element.

A metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) with a parasitic diode in the reverse direction may be used as a switching element, or two may be connected in series in the reverse direction, and one metal may be connected via a bridge diode. Any device that performs a bidirectional switching operation using an oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) is included.

Further, in the case of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) that switches at substantially the same voltage as that of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), it is mainly used for high-voltage power supply switching. This seems to be unsuitable for use, but this is not excluded.

In the case of a normal transistor, the base current driving method is also used, but there is a problem that when the transistor is turned on, it has a higher impedance than a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Since it functions like a field effect transistor (MOSFET), it is included in the content of the present invention without additional reference. Similarly, a bridge diode and an SCR may be used instead of Triac, and two SCRs may be used in the reverse direction.

If the switching element is controlled to be turned on and off at a predetermined time close to zero crossing based on the combination information of the plurality of switch operation states input in this way, the phase time point of the start or end of the zero crossing phase interval The combination information of the operation state of each switch can be mapped to the “control receiving unit”, and the information can be shared. Such a means is called a “switch function unit”, unlike the “switch unit”, and the “switch unit” and the “switch function unit” may be selectively applied.

As shown in FIG. 5, the “switch function unit” may use a microcontroller and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) element. As shown in FIG. 4, a logic gate circuit or a timer IC and a metal oxide are used. A film semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) element may be used, or a combination circuit of a transistor and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) may be used. As shown in FIG. You may comprise so that the same function may be performed.

The “switch unit” or “switch function unit” and “control receiving unit” are connected to the AC power line, and are therefore in the form of voltage division, depending on the operation of multiple switches of the “switch unit” or “switch function unit” Thus, the electricity of the voltage waveform in the right diagram of FIG. 2 is supplied to the “control receiver”.

The combination information of the operation states of a plurality of switches of the “switch unit” or “switch function unit” is mapped to the voltage drop aspect in the “control receiving unit”, or 0 V by phase control near zero crossing. From the normal AC voltage to the normal AC voltage, or to the “turn-off phase time” falling from the normal AC voltage to 0V.

The “control receiver”, when the “switch unit” is applied, determines the voltage drop aspect of the AC electrical voltage waveform transmitted by the divided voltage, or the “turn-on phase point” or “turn-off phase point” The combination of the operation states of a plurality of switches mapped there, and the solenoids of lighting, motors and actuators according to the pre-promised according to the selection of the control object mapped there or the selection of the control content Alternatively, it controls a heating element such as a nichrome wire.

In the “control receiver”, it is possible to easily grasp the combination information of the operation states of a plurality of switches even if only the half-cycle or single-cycle power waveform is analyzed, and the next cycle is used for verification. This also enables reliable control.

Since all the control content information is transmitted in the combination of the states in which a plurality of switches are operated at a certain temporary point, load control information in various cases other than on / off can be easily transmitted.

"Switch function part" which is a combination of a switching element such as a switch and Triac or a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) and an electronic circuit constituted by a microcontroller or logic or transistor, or a nonlinear characteristic element such as a DIAC or a Zener diode It is very economical to transmit the switch operation information to the “control receiving unit” using the “switch unit” configured by the combination of the switch and the switch.

The patent of Korean Patent No. 10-2014-0127193 relates to the use of communications, and transmits data information in a serial manner in a plurality of periodic waveforms (see FIG. 6 of the specification). ) Since the method of the present invention can transmit the combination information of the temporary operation states of a plurality of switches in parallel in the AC electrical waveform of one wavelength, the “control receiving unit” Even if only one period of voltage waveform is analyzed, the intention to control can be sufficiently grasped at an early time, which is efficient.

In the present invention, even if the switch is operated, the power of the entire period is not cut off to the “control receiver” side, so that the basic power necessary for the operation of the “control receiver” is always supplied.

There is no need for additional communication lines for separate control, and the existing power lines that supply power to the load are used as they are. The existing switch is replaced with a "switch part" or "switch function part". The addition of a “control receiver” module for analyzing the applied waveform has the advantage that it is possible to economically control various contents including a selection control of a plurality of loads economically.

In the “control receiving unit”, the load is controlled by a method of controlling a predetermined load based on a determined value of the combination of switch operation states, or additionally, an infrared wireless remote control signal or wireless communication The input signal to the module or the signal on the wired communication that is electrically separated can be selectively controlled, mainly controlling the amount of power flowing to the load or changing the polarity of the current flowing to the load It works like this.

FIG. 1 is an example of a plurality of switches, which is an example in which a “switch unit” is configured using four B-contact switches and four Zener diodes having two types of breakdown voltages, and is connected via a single line. Four light emitting diode (LED) lights were loaded and included wireless control elements. The waveform in the left diagram of FIG. 2 shows that when the switches SW1, SW2, SW3, and SW4 of the “switch unit” are pressed in the circuit diagram of FIG. "Shows how it is reflected in the AC voltage waveform of one cycle. The waveform in the right diagram of FIG. 2 shows a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) when a DIAC element is applied to the “switch unit” instead of a Zener diode, or as shown in FIG. ) Or a triac element to turn on / off a predetermined phase section of AC power, and a “switch function unit” that maps control information of combinations of operation states of each switch to the “turn-on phase time point” or “turn-off phase time point” It shows the voltage waveform of AC electricity that appears when it is divided in the “control receiver” when applied. The left and right waveforms in FIG. 2 are examples assuming that the load having the “control receiver” has a linear characteristic such as a resistive load, and is generated by the basic characteristics of the nonlinear elements or switching elements of the entire system. I ignored the minute waveform part. The first circuit in FIG. 3 shows a “switch unit” in which the switch for pressing the A contact and the DIAC element are connected in parallel, and the remaining other circuits are variously connected by using a series-parallel connection between the Zener diode and the switch. The example which comprised the "switch part" is shown. The on / off switch of the second circuit in FIG. 3 is equivalent in the overlapped voltage drop and the result of operating both the up and down switches. In the third circuit of FIG. 3, the A * B switch is equivalent to operating the A and B switches simultaneously, the C * D switch is equivalent to operating C and D simultaneously, and A * The B * C * D switch is equivalent to operating all of the A, B, C, and D switches or operating the A * B switch and the C * D switch simultaneously. The A * B, C * D, or A * B * C * D switch is not an essential element in the invention, but a component added for ease of operation. In the second circuit of FIG. 3, after adding two light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in opposite directions in parallel and adding a resistor in series again, the switch is pressed differently. It is a circuit for displaying as light emitting diode (LED) light, and is used for notifying the position of the switch in a dark environment or notifying whether the switch has been operated correctly. In the lower left of FIG. 3, that is, in the fourth circuit, it is an example of a “switch unit” in which four switches are connected in series and parallel with four Zener diodes. In this case, the breakdown voltages of the four Zener diodes are the same. Even when the switch is used, since the aspect of the voltage drop caused by the operation of the switch is different, there is an advantage that it can be constituted by two kinds of parts, that is, a switch and a Zener diode. FIG. 4 is an example of a “switch function unit” that substitutes the function of a microcontroller using a latch circuit using a transistor or a latch circuit using a gate element and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET). Two metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are used. FIG. 5 shows a “switch function unit” realized by using a microcontroller and a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), and an AC electric waveform divided by the “control receiver unit” has a phase interval of 0V. This is an example in which combination information of operation states of a plurality of switches is mapped to “turn-on phase time point” or “turn-off phase time point”. In this case, only one metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) may be used. A function for generating a sound according to the state of pressing a switch by incorporating a voltage-driven piezoelectric speaker is also shown. FIG. 6 is an example of a circuit that substitutes the function of the microcontroller of the “switch function unit” and the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) using the Triac element, and different capacitances of C1 to C4 according to the operation of the switch. The capacitor plays a role and changes the turn-on time of the Triac to be different.

Since economic and multifunctional effects are in a trade-off relationship with each other, the best mode meets the demands of consumers of products to which the present invention is applied. When economics are prioritized, simply connect about three Zener diodes or DIAC elements and switches connected in parallel so that the voltage at both ends is deformed when the switch is pressed. This is the level to grasp and control. For more functionality or consumer satisfaction, a visual display such as a touch switch on a liquid crystal display (LCD) or organic light emitting diode (LED) or other screen display device and this when touched The function may be performed by recognizing and similarly causing the deformation of the voltage waveform via the microcomputer. The most preferred form is to respond to the user's request.

The "control receiver" that controls the load by causing the deformation of the voltage waveform corresponding to the combination information of multiple switch operations within the half cycle or single cycle waveform of the power supply, and the divided half cycle or single cycle AC The combination of the operation of the plurality of switches is grasped from the deformation pattern of the voltage waveform, and a load corresponding to the combination is controlled in advance and controlled.

At this time, the deformation pattern of the voltage waveform determined by the “control receiver” is a deformation pattern of a voltage drop in a half-cycle of AC electricity or a voltage waveform section of one cycle by a combination of switch operations, or an AC power source is turned on. This is the same as the phase control pattern turned on / off.

Such deformation of the AC electric voltage waveform is performed by a voltage drop corresponding to a reverse breakdown voltage or a forward bias voltage such as a DIAC element or a Zener diode that is not conducted unless a predetermined voltage or more is applied. The phase control method is performed by the drive circuits shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6.

The reason why a nonlinear element such as a DIAC or a Zener diode is used as a voltage drop element in the present invention is not a resistor. The reason for using a linear element such as a resistor is that the amount of voltage drop varies with changes in impedance on the load side every time. This is because there are unstable elements.

A plurality of DIACs or Zener diodes and a plurality of switches that are turned on when a predetermined voltage is reached or cause a reverse voltage drop at the predetermined voltage are connected in various ways such as in series, parallel, or series-parallel. 1 and 3 show such an example.

The “switch unit” is a combination of a plurality of Zener diodes and a plurality of switches that are different in direction according to a predetermined rule, in a series-parallel combination. It was configured so that a wide variety of voltage drops occurred.

Whatever the configuration of the internal circuit of the “switch unit”, both ends of the entire “switch unit” have “overall voltage” in which the voltage drop effect of each zener diode overlaps according to the combination of operation of each switch. It appears as a “drop mode”, and the “total voltage drop mode” depends on the combination of the switches in the “switch unit”. The “total voltage drop aspect” of the “switch unit” divides the voltage of the “control receiving unit” on the load side and the AC electricity, so the combination information of each switch operation is divided by the “control receiving unit” according to the divided voltage. Information will be shared as a voltage waveform.

The criterion of the circuit configuration of the “switch unit” is that the circuit must be configured so that “the overall voltage drop aspect” is also distinguished when the combination of operation of each switch is different. The “total voltage drop appearance” of the “switch unit” is applied to the “control receiving unit” by a divided waveform corresponding to one combination of the states in which the switches are pressed according to the circuit configuration. As long as the “control receiver” analyzes only the half-cycle or single-cycle waveform of AC electricity, the current combination of the operation of each switch of the “switch unit” according to the circuit configuration of the “switch unit” is determined. Judgment can be made.

In order to confirm the voltage at the “control receiver” arranged in the load, the maximum amplitude voltage is read using the voltage dividing circuit and the A / D port of the microcontroller, or the phase is changed according to the characteristics of AC electricity. Since it is cumbersome to check the voltage at a specific time after the change, using a component such as a photocoupler to generate a zero-crossing digital signal and referring to the period and signal width of this signal, that is, It was generated at the "switch part" when it was determined when the "turn-on phase point", which is the time when the zero crossing was extended and ended, or the "turn-off phase point" where the zero crossing was forcibly started in advance The voltage drop amount of the “total voltage drop aspect” can be estimated, and as a result, it is understood what switch is pressed.

When the polarity of the AC power supply changes and the voltage gradually increases to exceed the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode and a breakdown current flows, an element such as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) When the entire “switch unit” is made conductive to minimize the phase interval in which the voltage drop occurs, this becomes the “switch function unit”, and the maximum power can be transmitted to the load.

The same function can be realized with a normal electric circuit, but when the polarity of alternating current changes and exceeds a predetermined voltage, the output of the latch circuit is switched, and the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor of the relevant phase is switched with the switched output When the circuit that conducts (MOSFET) is configured as the two circuits in FIG. 4, the same result can be obtained in the “control receiver”, and a large amount of power can be transmitted to the load.

For the same purpose, a Triac, DIAC, and RC charge / discharge circuit can be applied as in the circuit of FIG. 6, but the resistance value of the RC charge / discharge circuit can be adjusted by a switch. When the capacity is adjustable with a contact switch and the switch is not pressed down, the RC charge / discharge circuit is charged quickly and the triac conducts quickly, and the amount of capacitors connected in parallel by switch operation increases. Although the conduction of the triac occurs lately and there is a merit that more power can be supplied to the load than the circuit in which the zener diode and the switch of the “switch unit” are configured in parallel, the metal oxide semiconductor field effect Element driven by the same voltage as transistor (MOSFET) or insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) Compared takes a lot of turn-on current, a forward bias voltage power for even a large value close to 2V efficiency when conducting the disadvantage that slightly decreases.

For the same purpose, in the case of a “switch section” using a microcontroller as shown in FIG. 5 and receiving a plurality of switch inputs and using a Zener diode, a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor is generated at the time when the breakdown current of the Zener diode flows. The same result is obtained when controlling the (MOSFET) to turn on.

If you continue to monitor the terminal voltage via the microcontroller's input port, you know the exact time when the polarity of the AC power supply changes and uses a timer to calculate the exact time to drive the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) can do.

When using a microcontroller, it is also easy to turn off the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) before a predetermined phase time before the time when the polarity of the AC power source changes, and it is uniquely mapped to that time. Extending the switch is also useful for expanding more switches.

Uses a piezoelectric (Piezo) speaker driven by voltage to notify the presence or absence of switch operation by sound, drives a light emitting diode (LED) by displaying a signal, an infrared receiving circuit or an RF receiving circuit, and other wireless communication means Various changes such as performing a remote control function in combination with are possible, and the basic circuit is shown in FIG.

A DC power supply is required to drive the circuit on the left side of FIG. 4 and the microcontroller of FIG. 5, and a high impedance occurs when the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) is turned off to form the DC power supply. After extracting the power supply from the voltage applied to both ends of the switch terminal through the backflow prevention diode and stabilizing it with a smoothing capacitor, a DC power supply is generated, and a high voltage is applied to the low voltage to supply sufficient power. Use a voltage converter to switch to

Light emitting diode (LED) lighting is an essential facility in home or office buildings and must be properly controlled for energy savings, centralized electrical load management, comfortable living and office space. Since the wall switch for existing lighting interrupts the entire lighting load, it is difficult to adjust the illuminance, the color temperature, and the illuminance and hue according to the scenario depending on the situation. There are products that are installed and controlled by a separate communication line, but since this requires cost, there are various in addition to on / off using an appropriate means only with the existing lighting power line as in the present invention. It is beneficial to have a good control.

In addition, when the circuit of the control receiving unit of IoT or remote control is to be arranged directly on the illuminating lamp side instead of the wall switch, the existing economical wall switch method is a power switching method, so the switch When the power is cut off, it is difficult to obtain the driving power of the receiving unit, which is expensive.

In this case, the wall switch is provided with an IoT receiver or a remote controller receiver, but it is difficult to manage a dedicated remote controller. When a TV remote controller is used, the TV and the wall switch are arranged on opposite walls depending on the location. There is an inconvenience of turning the body and controlling the light toward the wall switch due to the orientation problem of the remote control.

Therefore, the present invention utilizes the control of various modes of illuminance, hue, and other scenarios as an economical wall switch, in addition to simply turning on / off lighting, for lighting control without installing a separate communication line. However, when the illumination is controlled by an IoT or a television remote controller, the industrial applicability is high because it enables a product or a service in which the receiver is arranged on the illumination side.

Claims (4)

A control device for controlling a load connected to an AC power line by operating a plurality of switches,
A switch unit having a plurality of DIAC or Zener diode elements and connected to a plurality of switches in a circuit,
A control receiving unit connected in series with the switch unit;
Depending on the shut-off operation of each switch of the switch unit, the associated DIAC is turned on at a predetermined voltage or more, or a combination of reverse breakdown voltage drops occurs at both ends of the associated Zener diode or TVS diode,
A voltage waveform corresponding to the difference between the incoming power supply voltage and the overall voltage drop of the switch unit is input to the control receiving unit,
The control reception unit grasps a combination of switch operations of the switch unit corresponding to a change in a zero-crossing phase section due to a time point when the voltage waveform of a half-cycle or a single-cycle waveform is turned on or a voltage drop,
The control receiving unit is a power line load control device that performs a predetermined load control operation according to a combination of grasped switch operations of the switch unit. A load control device for controlling a load connected by an AC power line by a plurality of switch operations,
Including a switch function unit that transforms an AC power supply half cycle or a one-cycle voltage waveform so as to have an AC power supply "turn-on phase time point" or "turn-off phase time point" corresponding to information of an operation combination of each switch,
Including a control receiver connected in series with the switch function unit;
The control receiving unit grasps combination information of a plurality of switch operations corresponding to a turn-on phase time point or a turn-off phase time point of the voltage waveform of the power supply in a half cycle or one cycle
The control receiving unit is a power line load control device that performs a predetermined load control operation based on grasped combination information of switch operations. Some or all of the switches are of the type in which the microcontroller receives touch signals at multiple coordinate points on multiple touch sensors or touch pads, variable resistance, rotation angle of the rotary knob, or rotation angle signal at the jog shuttle. The power line load control device according to claim 2, wherein In order to create a DC power source for the switch function unit, light emitting diode (LED), external communication circuit, infrared remote control signal generation circuit, or microcontroller for the touch sensor, the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor of the switch function unit ( 3. The power line load control device according to claim 2, further comprising a circuit that generates a DC power source from a voltage applied to both ends of the switch function unit when the operation of the MOSFET or the Triac operation is turned off.