JP6161973B2 - Agricultural machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an agricultural machine that can prevent a guide body from being damaged.

  Conventionally, for example, an agricultural machine described in Patent Document 1 is known.

  This conventional farm work machine is, for example, a machine body connected to the rear part of a traveling vehicle such as a tractor, a cutting means that is rotatably provided on the machine body and cuts an object to be cut (sweet vine vine) while rotating, And a guide (guiding arm) for guiding an object to be cut toward the cutting means.

  The guide body is inserted into a cylindrical holder portion fixed to the reinforcing beam of the airframe, and is attached to the holder portion with, for example, two bolts.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-287517 (FIG. 2)

  However, in the conventional agricultural machine, for example, when a foreign object such as a stone in the soil collides with the front end portion of the guide body, an excessive load (external force) acts on the guide body, and the guide body is excessively large. May be damaged by the load.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a point, and it aims at providing the agricultural machine which can prevent damage to a guide body.

The agricultural machine according to claim 1 is a cutting means for cutting an object to be cut, a guide body for guiding the object to be cut toward the cutting means, a support shaft serving as a rotation center of the guide body, and the guide A one-way rotation restricting body that restricts the rotation of the body in one direction around the support shaft, and an other-direction rotation that restricts the rotation of the guide body in the other direction around the support shaft. a regulating body, through the cutting means and a cover side plate portion spaced apart facing each other, wherein one of the unidirectional rotation restricting member and the other direction rotation restricting member receives a predetermined or more force and breakage consists in the easy breakage member to permit rotation of the guide body, the other one of said unidirectional rotation restricting member and the other direction rotation restricting member is to connect the cover plate portions It is comprised by the reinforcement member reinforced .

The agricultural machine according to claim 2 is a cutting means for cutting an object to be cut, a guide body for guiding the object to be cut toward the cutting means, a support shaft serving as a rotation center of the guide body, and the guide A one-way rotation restricting body that restricts the rotation of the body in one direction around the support shaft, and an other-direction rotation that restricts the rotation of the guide body in the other direction around the support shaft. An easily breakable member that includes a restricting body, and at least one of the one-direction turning restricting body and the other-direction turning restricting body breaks when receiving a force of a predetermined level or more and allows the guide body to turn. are composed of a farm machine, the guide body is inserted and removed capable inserted through said support shaft to one of the height adjusting hole portion selected from among a plurality of height adjustment holes through, it mounted on the guide member mounting part, the easy breakage member, this being inserted into the height adjusting hole portion Rather, those attached to the guide member mounting portion.

Agricultural machine according to claim 3, wherein, in claim 1 or 2 agricultural machine described in the easy breakage members are those which are shear bolts or shear pins.

The agricultural machine according to claim 4 is the agricultural machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the guide body is inclined with an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal direction, and the inclination angle of the guide body is changed. Is possible.

  According to the present invention, for example, when a foreign object collides with the guide body, the guide body rotates about the support shaft, so that the guide body can be prevented from being damaged.

It is a side view of the agricultural working machine which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of an agricultural working machine same as the above. It is a partial side view of an agricultural working machine same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a farm work machine same as the above. It is a partial side view of the agricultural machine based on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial side view of the agricultural machine based on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial side view of the agricultural machine based on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the guide body of an agricultural working machine same as the above, (a) is a figure of the state which made the inclination angle of a guide body small, (b) is a figure of the state which made the inclination angle of a guide body large.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the figure, 1 is an agricultural machine, and this agricultural machine 1 is connected to the rear part of a tractor (not shown), which is a traveling vehicle, for example, while moving forward (traveling direction) on the field by forward traveling of the tractor, It is a flare mower that performs cutting work (chopping work) that is agricultural work.

  That is, the farm work machine 1 cuts unnecessary stems and leaves of a crop (not shown), for example, crops (eg, sweet potatoes and potatoes) vegetated on the straws a in the field while moving forward on the field.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, etc., the farm work machine 1 has a machine body 2 that is releasably connected to a three-point hitch part (work machine lifting support part) at the rear of the tractor, and is rotatable to the machine body 2 Cutting means 3 that cuts the object to be cut (for example, unnecessary stalks and leaves of crops) while rotating in a predetermined direction, and guides the object to be cut toward the cutting means 3 by scooping up the fallen cut object A plurality of, for example, a pair of left and right guide bodies (dividers) 4 that are spaced apart from each other are provided.

  The airframe 2 has a three-point connecting portion 6 that is releasably connected to a three-point hitch portion at the rear of the tractor. The three-point connecting portion 6 is connected to the upper link of the three-point hitch portion of the tractor via the top pin 7 and connected to the lower link of the three-point hitch portion of the tractor via the lower pin 9. The left and right lower arms 10 are configured.

  The airframe 2 has an input shaft support portion 11 at the center in the left-right direction, and the input shaft 12 in the front-rear direction is rotatably supported by the input shaft support portion 11. The input shaft 12 is connected to the PTO shaft of the tractor via a joint, and power output from the PTO shaft is input to the input shaft 12. The input shaft 12 is connected to power transmission means (not shown) that transmits the input power to the cutting means 3.

  The power transmission means includes, for example, a gear in the input shaft support portion 11, a transmission shaft in the frame pipe portion 13, a transmission belt in the transmission case portion 14, and the like.

  Further, the airframe 2 has a pair of left and right cover side plates 16 which are spaced apart from each other via the cutting means 3, and the left and right rotary shafts 31 of the cutting means 3 can be rotated by these two cover side plates 16. It is supported by.

  The airframe 2 has a substantially curved plate-like cover portion 17 that covers the upper portion of the cutting means 3, and the upper end portion of the cover side plate portion 16 is fixed to both ends of the cover portion 17 in the left-right direction. A front cover 18 projects forward from the front end portion of the cover portion 17, and a rubber plate 19, which is an elastic plate that can be elastically deformed, is attached to the front end portion of the front cover 18. It is arranged.

  A rubber cover 20, which is an elastically deformable elastic plate that covers the rear portion of the cutting means 3, is attached to the rear end portion of the cover portion 17. Cutouts 20a are formed on the left and right sides of the rubber cover 20, and the guide body 4 is inserted into each cutout 20a.

  Further, the airframe 2 has a square pipe portion (reinforcing member) 21 that is a horizontal and longitudinal reinforcing portion that is connected to the rear end portions of both cover side plate portions 16 to reinforce them. The square pipe portion 21 is formed of a hollow pipe member having a square cross section, and one end portion in the longitudinal direction is fixed to the rear end portion of the left cover side plate portion 16, and the other end portion in the longitudinal direction is the right cover side plate portion. It is fixed to the rear end of 16.

  And the guide body attaching part 22 is each fixedly provided in the right-and-left both sides (location corresponding to the notch part 20a) of the square pipe part 21. As shown in FIG. Each guide body mounting portion 22 is composed of a pair of left and right mounting plates 23 which are fixed to the outer peripheral side of the square pipe portion 21 by welding or the like and are spaced apart from each other. The distance between the mounting plates 23 is substantially the same as the width of the guide body 4, and a part of the guide body 4 is disposed between the mounting plates 23.

  As shown in FIG. 3, each mounting plate 23 includes a square pipe hole 25, a circular hole 1 for a mounting pin (support hole) 26, and a circular shape. The second hole portion is a shear bolt hole portion (easy breakable member hole portion) 27.

  A square pipe portion 21 is inserted into the pipe hole portion 25, and a predetermined portion of the square pipe portion 21 is fixed by welding or the like. The mounting pin hole 26 is formed at the center rear side of the mounting plate 23, and the shear bolt hole 27 is formed at the lower front side of the mounting plate 23. That is, the shear bolt hole 27 is formed in the mounting plate 23 so as to be positioned in front of the mounting pin hole 26. The pipe hole 25 is formed in the upper part of the mounting plate 23.

  The airframe 2 also has a gauge ring frame portion 29 connected to the rear end portions of both cover side plate portions 16 via a connecting plate 28. On both the left and right sides of the gauge wheel frame 29, gauge wheels 30 are attached which are grounded and run on the field scene b between the ridges a adjacent to each other on the left and right. The height of the gauge wheel 30 can be adjusted by operating the handle 36.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the cutting means 3 includes a left and right rotary shaft 31 installed between the cover side plate portions 16 of the machine body 2, and a shackle 33 or the like on a claw mounting portion of the rotary shaft 31. And a claw body 32 that is a plurality of cutting blades that cut the workpiece while rotating integrally with the rotary shaft body 31.

  Note that the claw body 32 and the guide body 4 are positioned so as to overlap each other in a side view, but the claw body 32 and the guide body 4 do not interfere with each other. At the time of work, an object to be cut such as a foliage of a crop is scooped up by the guide body 4 and guided toward the nail body 32.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, etc., the guide body 4 is composed of an elongated member having a rectangular cross section having bent portions 41 and 42 at two intermediate positions, for example, along the inclined direction in a side view. It is located in a straight line. That is, the guide body 4 is positioned in an inclined shape with a front and a rear height with an inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal front-rear direction which is the horizontal direction.

  The front end portion of the guide body 4 is formed in a tapered shape and is positioned in front of the gauge wheel 30. For this reason, during the cutting operation, the lower end side, which is the front end side of the guide body 4, moves in front of the gauge wheel 30 and between the adjacent ridges a.

  Further, on the upper end side, which is the rear end side of the guide body 4, a plurality of (for example, five) height adjusting hole portions 43 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the guide body 4 are provided on the left and right sides. It is formed so as to penetrate both side surfaces.

  The guide body 4 can be attached to and detached from the guide body mounting portion 22 of the machine body 2 via a mounting pin 45 which is a left and right support shaft serving as the center of rotation of the guide body 4 in the vertical direction. It is attached as possible.

  That is, each guide body 4 is detachably inserted into one height adjusting hole 43 selected from the plurality of height adjusting holes 43 and is inserted into the mounting pin hole 26 of the mounting plate 23. It is attached to the mounting plate 23 of the guide body mounting portion 22 via a mounting pin 45 that is a single fixed pin inserted and removed.

  For this reason, the guide body 4 can be adjusted in height with respect to the guide body mounting portion 22 so as to correspond to the height of the flange a. That is, the height of the guide body 4 can be adjusted by changing the height adjusting hole 43 into which one mounting pin 45 is inserted. The height adjusting hole 43 and the mounting pin 45 inserted through the mounting pin hole 26 that are coincident with each other are prevented from coming off by the retaining member 46.

  Here, the guide body 4 attached to the guide body attachment portion 22 through the attachment pin 45 in this manner is normally rotated in one direction around the attachment pin 45 (the lower end of which the front end side is directed downward). Movement) is restricted by the one-way rotation restricting body 51, and turning in the other direction around the mounting pin 45 (upward turning where the front end side is upward) is restricted by the other-direction turning restricting body 52. ing.

  Then, at least one of the one-direction rotation restricting body 51 and the other-direction rotation restricting body 52, that is, for example, the one-way rotation restricting body 51 breaks (shears) when receiving a force (shearing force) of a predetermined level or more. The shear body 53 is an easily breakable member that allows the guide body 4 to rotate around the mounting pin 45. On the other hand, the other-direction rotation restricting body 52 is configured by a square pipe portion (contact member) 21 that contacts the guide body 4 and restricts the rotation of the guide body 4.

  Thus, the guide body 4 is positioned and fixed at a desired height by the three points of the mounting pin 45, the shear bolt 53, and the square pipe portion 21. In this state, the upper surface of the guide body 4 is fixed to the square pipe portion 21. The guide body 4 is in contact with a predetermined portion (guide body contact portion), and the lower surface of the guide body 4 is in contact with the shear bolt 53.

  The shear bolt 53 is detachably attached to the mounting plate 23 of the guide body mounting portion 22 without being inserted through the height adjusting hole 43 of the guide body 4. That is, the shear bolt 53 is detachably inserted into and attached to the shear bolt hole portion 27 of the mounting plate 23 so as to contact the lower surface of the guide body 4 and support a predetermined portion of the lower surface from below. A nut 54 is screwed to the distal end side of the screw shaft portion of the shear bolt 53.

  If the nut 54 is removed from the shear bolt 53, the shear bolt 53 can be pulled out from the shear bolt hole 27 of the mounting plate 23 to the side. Further, the shear bolt 53 is formed with a concave easily breakable portion that breaks when a predetermined force is applied, for example.

  Next, the operation and the like of the farm work machine 1 will be described.

  For example, when performing a cutting operation for cutting unnecessary stalks and leaves of a crop planted on the ridge a of the field by using the agricultural machine 1, the agricultural machine 1 is connected to the rear part of the tractor so that the tractor moves forward on the field. While moving in the traveling direction, the rotary shaft body 31 of the cutting means 3 is rotated at a high speed in a predetermined direction by the power from the tractor side.

  Then, the plurality of claws 32 of the cutting means 3 chop the stalks and leaves of the vegetation planted on the cocoon a while rotating at high speed in the predetermined rotation direction together with the rotating shaft 31.

  At this time, the object to be cut lying between the adjacent heels a is scooped up by the guide body 4 moving in the traveling direction and guided toward the claw body 32 side of the cutting means 3.

  Here, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, when a foreign material c such as a stone or a tree root is buried in the soil and the foreign material c collides with the front end portion of the guide body 4, the shear bolt 53 exceeds a predetermined value. The guide bolt 4 is broken by receiving the force, and the rotation restriction of the guide body 4 by the shear bolt 53 is released.

  As a result, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, the guide body 4 rotates downward in one direction around the mounting pin 45, and thereby an excessive load (external force) acts on the guide body 4. Is avoided.

  In this case, if the worker attaches the spare shear bolt 53 to the shear bolt hole 27 of the mounting plate 23, the worker can immediately resume the cutting operation.

  And according to the agricultural machine 1, the one-way rotation which regulates the rotation to the one direction centering on the attachment pin 45 of the guide body 4 by contact | abutting with the one side surface (for example, lower surface) of the guide body 4 is carried out. An other-direction rotation restricting body 52 that restricts the rotation of the guide body 4 around the mounting pin 45 in the other direction by contact with the restricting body 51 and the other surface (for example, the upper surface) of the guide body 4; Since at least one of these rotation restricting bodies 51, 52, that is, for example, only the one-way rotation restricting body 51 is constituted by the shear bolt 53 that is an easily breakable member, for example, at the time of cutting work When a foreign object c such as a stone in the soil collides with the front end side of the guide body 4, the shear bolt 53 breaks and the guide body 4 rotates in the direction in which the front end side is directed downward about the mounting pin 45. Therefore, it is possible to avoid an excessive load from acting on the guide body 4 and to prevent the guide body 4 from being damaged. Kill.

  In addition, since the guide body 4 is attached to the guide body mounting portion 22 of the machine body 2 through one mounting pin 45 that is detachably inserted into the one height adjusting hole 43, the guide body 4 is guided. When adjusting the height of the body 4, only one mounting pin 45 needs to be inserted and removed, and it is not necessary to insert and remove the shear bolt 53, and the height of the guide body 4 can be easily adjusted.

  Furthermore, when the guide body 4 is assembled or replaced, the guide body 4 can be easily assembled or replaced from the rear side by removing one mounting pin 45 and one shear bolt 53. Can do.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the agricultural machine 1 according to the second embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the pipe hole 25 is formed below the mounting plate 23, and the mounting pin hole 26 is mounted on the mounting plate 23. The shear bolt hole 27 is formed on the upper rear side of the mounting plate 23.

  Therefore, a predetermined portion of the square pipe portion 21 inserted into the pipe hole portion 25 abuts on the lower surface of the guide body 4, and the shear bolt 53 inserted into the shear bolt hole portion 27 contacts the upper surface of the guide body 4. It touches. In addition, the other structure of this agricultural working machine 1 is fundamentally the same as the said 1st Embodiment.

  And even with this agricultural work machine 1, it is possible to avoid an excessive load acting on the guide body 4 due to breakage of the shear bolt 53, and to prevent the guide body 4 from being damaged. Similar effects can be obtained.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the agricultural working machine 1 according to the third embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, the mounting plate 23 of the guide body mounting portion 22 is not the square pipe portion 21 but the cover portion 17 of the body 2. It is fixedly erected on the upper surface of the rear end.

  The mounting plate 23 does not have the pipe hole portion 25, and an abutting member 61 that abuts on the upper surface of the guide body 4 and restricts the rotation of the guide body 4 is fixed to the inner surface of the mounting plate 23. ing. For this reason, the abutting member 61 constitutes the other-direction rotation restricting body 52 that restricts the rotation of the guide body 4 in the other direction around the mounting pin 45. In addition, the other structure of this agricultural working machine 1 is fundamentally the same as the said 1st Embodiment.

  And even with this agricultural work machine 1, it is possible to avoid an excessive load acting on the guide body 4 due to breakage of the shear bolt 53, and to prevent the guide body 4 from being damaged. Similar effects can be obtained.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the agricultural machine 1 according to the fourth embodiment, the inclination angle α with respect to the horizontal direction (horizontal front-rear direction) of the guide body 4 at the time of cutting work can be changed within a predetermined range.

  Specifically, a square pipe mounting plate (rotating plate) 65 that supports the square pipe portion 21 is rotated on the rear side rear surface of the cover side plate portion 16 of the airframe 2 in the vertical direction around the rotation center axis 66 in the left-right direction. It is mounted so that it can be adjusted dynamically. The square pipe mounting plate 65 has one pin hole 67, and the cover side plate portion 16 has a plurality of (for example, three) adjustments positioned on an imaginary circle centered on the rotation center axis 66. A hole 68 is provided.

  An adjustment pin 70 is inserted into and attached to one adjustment hole 68 and a pin hole 67 selected from the plurality of adjustment holes 68 so as to be removable. That is, by changing the adjustment hole 68 into which the adjustment pin 70 is inserted, the inclination angle α of the guide body 4 can be adjusted (see FIGS. 8A and 8B).

  It should be noted that both end portions of the square pipe portion 21 in the longitudinal direction are fixed to the left and right square pipe attachment plates 65, and a guide body attachment portion 22 is provided on the square pipe portion 21. The other configuration of the agricultural machine 1 is basically the same as that of the first embodiment.

  And even with this agricultural work machine 1, it is possible to avoid an excessive load acting on the guide body 4 due to breakage of the shear bolt 53, and to prevent the guide body 4 from being damaged. Similar effects can be achieved, and the inclination angle α of the guide body 4 can be changed, so that the object to be cut can be appropriately guided to the cutting means 3 side by the guide body 4.

  In any of the above embodiments, the case where the easily breakable member is the shear bolt 53 has been described. However, for example, a shear pin may be used as the easily breakable member.

  Further, only the one-way rotation restricting body 51 is not limited to the one formed by an easily breakable member (such as a shear bolt or a shear pin). For example, the one-way rotation restricting body 51 and the other-direction turn restricting body 52 Both may be configured by an easily breakable member, or only the other-direction rotation restricting body 52 may be configured by an easily breakable member.

  Further, the support shaft serving as the rotation center of the guide body 4 may be a bolt or the like in addition to the mounting pin 45.

  Further, the number of the guide bodies 4 is arbitrary, and for example, a configuration in which the guide bodies 4 are movable and adjustable with respect to the machine body 2 in the left-right direction may be used.

  Furthermore, it is also possible to cut grass such as weeds using the farm work machine 1, and the farm work machine 1 is not limited to a tow type coupled to a traveling vehicle, and may be a self-propelled type equipped with a traveling means. .

  In addition, although several embodiment of this invention was described, it is also possible to combine the structure of each said embodiment suitably in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Farm machine 3 Cutting means 4 Guide body
16 Cover side plate
21 Square pipe part that is a reinforcing member
22 Guide body attachment
43 Height adjustment hole
45 Mounting pin that is a spindle
51 One-way rotation restrictor
52 Other direction rotation restricting body
53 Shear Bolt α Inclination Angle

Claims (4)

Cutting means for cutting an object to be cut;
A guide for guiding the object to be cut toward the cutting means;
A support shaft serving as a rotation center of the guide body,
A one-way rotation restricting body for restricting rotation of the guide body in one direction around the support shaft;
An other direction rotation restricting body for restricting rotation of the guide body in the other direction around the support shaft ;
A cover side plate portion that is spaced from and opposed to each other via the cutting means ,
Wherein one of the unidirectional rotation restricting member and the other direction rotation restricting member is composed of easy-breakage member to permit rotation of the guide body is broken when subjected to a predetermined force or more,
One of the one-direction rotation restricting body and the other-direction rotation restricting body is constituted by a reinforcing member that connects and reinforces the cover side plate portions . Cutting means for cutting an object to be cut;
A guide for guiding the object to be cut toward the cutting means;
A support shaft serving as a rotation center of the guide body,
A one-way rotation restricting body for restricting rotation of the guide body in one direction around the support shaft;
An other direction rotation restricting body for restricting rotation of the guide body in the other direction around the support shaft;
At least one of the one-direction rotation restricting body and the other-direction rotation restricting body is configured by an easily breakable member that breaks when receiving a force of a predetermined level or more and allows the guide body to rotate. A farm machine,
The guide body, via the insertion and removal can be inserted through said support shaft to one of the height adjusting hole portion selected from among the plurality of height adjusting hole portion, attached to the guide member mounting part,
The easy breakage member, said without being inserted to the height adjusting hole portion, agricultural working machine you characterized by being mounted on the guide member mounting portion. The agricultural machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the easily breakable member is a shear bolt or a shear pin. The guide body is positioned in an inclined shape with an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal direction,
The agricultural working machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein an inclination angle of the guide body can be changed.

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