JP6157259B2 - Lubricant composition for impact press processing, metal workpiece and coating method - Google Patents
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- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 142
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 82
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 82
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims description 58
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008207 working material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- SWSBIGKFUOXRNJ-CVBJKYQLSA-N ethene;(z)-octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(N)=O SWSBIGKFUOXRNJ-CVBJKYQLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;octadecanamide Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ZJOLCKGSXLIVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KVPQFVHBQUTWLQ-CVBJKYQLSA-N (z)-docos-13-enamide;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O KVPQFVHBQUTWLQ-CVBJKYQLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decoxydecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCC LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VESQWGARFWAICR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dihydroxyoctadecanamide;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)(O)C(N)=O VESQWGARFWAICR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIGIPJGWVLNDAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methyl-1-(8-methylnonoxy)nonane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOCCCCCCCC(C)C WIGIPJGWVLNDAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- GKAWAQNIMXHVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanamide;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCC(N)=O GKAWAQNIMXHVNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- VJJBJJBTUXPNEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanamide;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O VJJBJJBTUXPNEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFQOFGWPGYRLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide;ethene Chemical compound C=C.CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O GFQOFGWPGYRLAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003670 easy-to-clean Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001002 functional polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
本発明は、金属加工材をインパクトプレス加工で加工する際に使用する潤滑剤組成物、金属加工の表面に前記潤滑剤組成物がコーティングされた金属加工材、及びコーティング方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a lubricant composition used when processing a metal workpiece by impact pressing, a metal workpiece in which the lubricant composition is coated on the surface of metal processing, and a coating method.
金属加工における塑性加工は、優れた加工精度及び生産性によりさまざまな分野で実施されている。近年、リチウムイオン電池の需要増大にともない、その電池筐体を高精度に高速でかつ低コストで製作することが求められ、塑性加工法のひとつであるインパクトプレス加工が注目されている（非特許文献１）。インパクトプレス加工は、一般的な絞り(薄板から加工)と違い、材料(スラグ)にパンチで衝撃(インパクト)を与え、スラグがパンチに沿って伸び上がってくることを利用した加工方法である。 Plastic processing in metal processing is performed in various fields due to excellent processing accuracy and productivity. In recent years, as the demand for lithium-ion batteries has increased, it has been required to manufacture battery casings with high accuracy at high speed and at low cost, and impact pressing, which is one of the plastic working methods, has attracted attention. Reference 1). Unlike general drawing (processing from a thin plate), the impact press processing is a processing method that uses a material (slag) to give an impact (impact) with a punch and the slag extends along the punch.
電池筐体のような薄肉で深い筒状の金属部品をインパクトプレス加工工法で製作しようとした場合、一工程あたりの材質の変形率が深絞り工法などと比べて著しく大きいため、加工時の破断、表面のキズなどの加工不良が生じやすく、また、加工時の負荷による金型破損などが生じやすいという問題がある。そのため、通常、材料と金型が触れる箇所、すなわち加工変形する箇所に潤滑剤を適用することで、摩擦抵抗による加工時の破断、表面のキズの発生等を防ぐとともに加工の負荷を軽減して金型寿命の延長がはかられている。 When trying to produce a thin and deep cylindrical metal part such as a battery casing by impact press processing, the deformation rate of the material per process is significantly larger than deep drawing, etc. There are problems that processing defects such as scratches on the surface are likely to occur, and that the mold is easily damaged by a load during processing. Therefore, by applying a lubricant to the part where the material and the mold come into contact with each other, that is, the part to be deformed by machining, it is possible to prevent breakage at the time of machining due to frictional resistance, generation of surface scratches, etc. Extends the mold life.
プレス加工等の塑性加工用潤滑剤として、さまざまな潤滑剤が開発され、使用されている（特許文献１、２、３及び４等）。しかし、これらの塑性加工用潤滑剤は、特に加工条件の厳しいインパクトプレス加工においてそのまま使用できるものではない。 Various lubricants have been developed and used as lubricants for plastic working such as press working (Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4). However, these plastic working lubricants cannot be used as they are, particularly in impact press working with severe processing conditions.
現在、インパクトプレス加工には、ステアリン酸の金属塩を主成分とする粉体状の潤滑剤が用いられている（非特許文献２及び３等）。このステアリン酸金属塩粉体は、予め金属加工材表面にバレル処理によって凹凸をつけ、その凹部になすりつけるように塗布して用いられる。しかし、潤滑剤としてステアリン酸金属塩を用いた場合、粉体であることに起因する作業環境の悪化、加工終了後に筐体表面に残存するステアリン酸金属塩を除去する必要があること、残存したステアリン酸金属塩の後工程への不具合などの問題点が指摘されている。 Currently, a powdery lubricant mainly composed of a metal salt of stearic acid is used for impact pressing (Non-patent Documents 2 and 3, etc.). This metal stearate powder is used by applying an irregularity to the surface of a metal workpiece in advance by barrel treatment and rubbing the concave portion. However, when metal stearate is used as a lubricant, the working environment is deteriorated due to the powder, and it is necessary to remove the metal stearate remaining on the housing surface after the processing is finished. Problems such as defects in the post-process of metal stearate have been pointed out.
さらに、ステアリン酸金属塩のような金属元素を含む潤滑剤を電池筐体の製作に使用した場合、仮に加工終了後に潤滑剤残分を洗浄したとしても、洗浄不足があった場合、微量な金属成分によって電池特性に悪影響を及ぼすことが懸念される。 Furthermore, when a lubricant containing a metal element such as a metal stearate salt is used for manufacturing a battery casing, even if the lubricant residue is washed after the processing is finished, if there is insufficient washing, a trace amount of metal There is a concern that the battery characteristics may be adversely affected by the components.
前述のとおり、加工条件の厳しいインパクトプレス加工において用いられているステアリン酸金属塩の粉体を、他の潤滑剤に置き換えようとしても、既存の潤滑剤では十分な加工性が発揮できないという致命的な問題がある。そのため、前述した作業環境の悪化、洗浄に関する問題などを抱えながらもステアリン酸金属塩の使用が継続されている。 As mentioned above, even if the metal stearate powder used in impact press processing, which has severe processing conditions, is replaced with other lubricants, it is fatal that existing lubricants cannot provide sufficient processability. There is a problem. Therefore, the use of the metal stearate is continued while having the above-described deterioration of the working environment and problems related to cleaning.
本発明は、ステアリン酸金属塩粉体に起因する上記の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、加工性に優れ、作業環境に粉塵が舞うことがなく、加工終了後の潤滑剤残分の洗浄が容易で、さらに加工部品を電池筐体として使用する場合に潤滑剤成分が仮に残存しても電池特性に悪影響を及ぼす不安の少ないインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物（以下、単に「潤滑剤組成物」という場合もある）、それがコーティングされた金属加工材及びコーティング方法を提供しようとするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems caused by the metal stearate powder, has excellent processability, does not cause dust in the work environment, and has a residual lubricant after processing. This is an easy-to-clean lubricant composition for impact press processing (hereinafter simply referred to as “lubrication”). It is intended to provide a coated metal workpiece and a coating method.
本発明は、以下のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物、金属加工材、及びコーティング方法に関する。 The present invention relates to the following impact press working lubricant composition, metal workpiece, and coating method.
項１． 粉体潤滑剤を５〜３５重量％、造膜剤を０．５〜５重量％及び界面活性剤を５重量％以下の量で含有する水系潤滑剤組成物であって、
前記粉体潤滑剤は、融点が１２０℃〜１７０℃であり、レーザー回折により測定した平均粒子径（メディアン径）が２０μｍ以下であるワックスからなり、
前記造膜剤は、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸重合体及び高分子多糖類からなる群から選択される１種又は２種以上の水溶性高分子からなり、
前記粉体潤滑剤、造膜剤及び界面活性剤は、いずれも金属元素を含まない、インパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物。
項２． 前記粉体潤滑剤が、ポリエチレンワックス、変性ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス及び変性ポリプロピレンワックスから選択される少なくとも１種である上記項１に記載のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物。
項３． 金属加工材の表面に固形潤滑被膜を有する金属加工材であって、前記固形潤滑被膜が、前記金属加工材の表面に塗布された上記項１又は２に記載のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発することにより２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量で形成された膜である、金属加工材。
項４． 前記金属が、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金である、上記項３に記載の金属加工材。
項５． ５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱した金属加工材と、上記項１又は２に記載のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物とを接触させ、前記金属加工材の余熱で前記潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発することによって前記金属加工材の表面に固形潤滑被膜を形成する、コーティング方法。
Item 1. An aqueous lubricant composition containing 5 to 35% by weight of a powder lubricant, 0.5 to 5% by weight of a film-forming agent, and 5% by weight or less of a surfactant,
The powder lubricant comprises a wax having a melting point of 120 ° C. to 170 ° C. and an average particle diameter (median diameter) measured by laser diffraction of 20 μm or less.
The film-forming agent is one or more water-soluble substances selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylic acid soda, polyacrylic acid polymer, and polymer polysaccharide. Made of functional polymer,
The powder lubricant, the film forming agent, and the surfactant are all lubricant compositions for impact press working, which do not contain a metal element.
Item 2. Item 2. The lubricant composition for impact press processing according to Item 1, wherein the powder lubricant is at least one selected from polyethylene wax, modified polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, and modified polypropylene wax.
Item 3. Item 3. The lubricant composition for impact press processing according to Item 1 or 2, wherein the metal workpiece has a solid lubricant film on the surface of the metal workpiece, and the solid lubricant film is applied to the surface of the metal workpiece. Metal processing material which is a film | membrane formed in the quantity of 2-20 g / m < 2 > by the water | moisture content evaporating from.
Item 4. Item 4. The metal workpiece according to Item 3, wherein the metal is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Item 5. The metal working material heated to 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. is brought into contact with the lubricant composition for impact press working according to the above item 1 or 2, and moisture is generated from the lubricant composition by the residual heat of the metal working material. A coating method of forming a solid lubricating film on the surface of the metal workpiece by evaporating.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、粉体潤滑剤、造膜剤及び界面活性剤を水に分散又は溶解させたものであることから、作業環境が粉体粉塵によって悪化することがなく、一工程あたりの材質の変形率が深絞り工法等と比べて著しく大きいインパクトプレス加工において、材質の破断、表面のキズ等を防ぐことができ、加工終了後の潤滑剤残分を容易に洗浄除去することができる。さらに、本発明の潤滑剤組成物に含まれる化合物は、いずれも金属元素を含まないことから、本発明の潤滑剤組成物が仮に電池筐体の加工に用いられて潤滑剤成分が残存した場合においても、電池特性に金属元素に起因する悪影響を及ぼす可能性が低い。 Since the lubricant composition of the present invention is obtained by dispersing or dissolving a powder lubricant, a film-forming agent and a surfactant in water, the working environment is not deteriorated by powder dust, and one step is performed. It is possible to prevent material breakage, surface scratches, etc. in impact press processing where the deformation rate of the material is significantly larger than deep drawing method, etc., and easily remove the residual lubricant after processing Can do. Furthermore, since none of the compounds contained in the lubricant composition of the present invention contains a metal element, the lubricant composition of the present invention is temporarily used for processing a battery casing and the lubricant component remains. However, there is a low possibility that the battery characteristics are adversely affected by the metal element.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、インパクトプレス加工で金属加工材を加工する場合に、あらかじめ金属加工材の表面（全面）に固形潤滑被膜を形成するためのものである。 The lubricant composition for impact press processing of the present invention is for forming a solid lubricant film on the surface (entire surface) of a metal workpiece in advance when processing the metal workpiece by impact press processing.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、粉体潤滑剤、造膜剤及び界面活性剤を水に分散又は溶解させた水系の組成物である。潤滑剤を水に分散又は溶解させたものを金属加工材に適用するので、従来の粉体状の潤滑剤を塗布する場合のように作業環境が粉体粉塵によって悪化することがない。 The lubricant composition of the present invention is an aqueous composition in which a powder lubricant, a film-forming agent and a surfactant are dispersed or dissolved in water. Since the material in which the lubricant is dispersed or dissolved in water is applied to the metal workpiece, the working environment is not deteriorated by powder dust as in the case of applying a conventional powdery lubricant.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、その中に含まれる粉体潤滑剤の融点が１２０〜１７０℃であることが大きな特徴である。粉体潤滑剤のより好ましい融点は１３０〜１６０℃である。この粉体潤滑剤はインパクトプレス加工（塑性変形）が始まると加工熱によって液状化し、液体潤滑剤として作用する。粉体潤滑剤の融点が１２０℃より低いと加工点温度（１２０〜１７０℃程度）に至る前（加工初期）に液状化し、必要な加工点での潤滑剤供給が不足する。粉体潤滑剤の融点が１７０℃よりも高いと、インパクトプレス加工に必要な加工点温度で液状化せず、液体潤滑剤として作用しない可能性がある。 A major feature of the lubricant composition of the present invention is that the melting point of the powder lubricant contained therein is 120 to 170 ° C. A more preferable melting point of the powder lubricant is 130 to 160 ° C. When the impact press working (plastic deformation) starts, the powder lubricant is liquefied by processing heat and acts as a liquid lubricant. When the melting point of the powder lubricant is lower than 120 ° C., the powder liquefies before reaching the processing point temperature (about 120 to 170 ° C.) (initial stage of processing), and the supply of lubricant at the required processing point is insufficient. If the melting point of the powder lubricant is higher than 170 ° C., the powder lubricant may not be liquefied at the processing point temperature required for impact press processing and may not function as a liquid lubricant.
また、粉体潤滑剤として、レーザー回折により測定される平均粒子径（メディアン径：ｄ５０）が２０μｍ以下のものを用いる。これより大きな粉体を用いると、水系潤滑剤組成物とする場合に均質に分散させることが困難になり、固形潤滑被膜中に粉体潤滑剤が偏在し、安定的に均一な潤滑性を付与することが困難になる。粉体潤滑剤の平均粒子径が２０μｍ以下であれば、粉体が潤滑剤組成物中に均質に分散し、かつ、固形潤滑被膜中においても均質に分布することができる。よって、特に最小粒子径は定めない。 In addition, a powder lubricant having an average particle diameter (median diameter: d50) measured by laser diffraction of 20 μm or less is used. If a powder larger than this is used, it will be difficult to disperse homogeneously in the case of an aqueous lubricant composition, and the powder lubricant will be unevenly distributed in the solid lubricant film, giving stable and uniform lubricity. It becomes difficult to do. If the average particle size of the powder lubricant is 20 μm or less, the powder can be uniformly dispersed in the lubricant composition and can be evenly distributed in the solid lubricant film. Therefore, the minimum particle size is not particularly defined.
粉体潤滑剤は、金属元素を含まないことを特徴とする。潤滑剤として、従来用いられているステアリン酸亜鉛、ステアリン酸アルミニウムなどの粉体を使用した場合には、加工完了後の筐体表面に粉体潤滑剤が残存し、その金属成分が筐体に悪影響を及ぼすことが懸念されるのに対し、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、金属元素を含まない粉体潤滑剤を使用するので、筐体に悪影響を及ぼす可能性が低い。 The powder lubricant does not contain a metal element. When a conventionally used powder such as zinc stearate or aluminum stearate is used as the lubricant, the powder lubricant remains on the surface of the housing after the processing is completed, and the metal component thereof remains in the housing. While there is concern about adverse effects, the lubricant composition of the present invention uses a powder lubricant that does not contain a metal element, and therefore has a low possibility of adversely affecting the housing.
このような粉体潤滑剤としてワックスが挙げられる。具体的なワックスとして、例えば、ポリエチレンワックス、ポリプロピレンワックス等が挙げられる。ポリエチレンワックスは、融点及び平均粒子径が上記の範囲であれば特に限定されるものではなく、ポリエチレン製造時に副生成物として生じるもの、ポリエチレンの熱分解によるもの、エチレンからの直接重合によるもの等、各種のポリエチレンワックスを使用することが可能である。ポリプロピレンワックスも、ポリエチレンワックスと同様に融点及び平均粒子径が上記の範囲であれば特に限定されるものではなく、ポリプロピレン製造時に副生成物として生じるもの、ポリプロピレンの熱分解によるもの、プロピレンからの直接重合によるもの等、各種のポリプロピレンワックスを使用することが可能である。さらに、これらのワックスに酸化変性、酸変性等を行って極性基を導入した変性ワックスを用いることもできる。変性ポリエチレンワックスの具体例として、エチレンビスオレイン酸アマイド、エチレンビスエルカ酸アマイド、エチレンビスラウリン酸アマイド、エチレンビスステアリン酸アマイド、エチレンビスヒドロキシステアリン酸アマイド、エチレンビスカプリン酸アマイド、エチレンビスベヘン酸アマイド等のアミド変性ポリエチレンワックス；カルボン酸変性ポリエチレンワックス等が挙げられる。また、ポリプロピレンワックスをポリエチレンワックスと同様に変性した、変性ポリプロピレンワックスを使用することもできる。これらは１種単独で又は２種以上を混合して用いることができる。 An example of such a powder lubricant is wax. Specific examples of the wax include polyethylene wax and polypropylene wax. The polyethylene wax is not particularly limited as long as the melting point and the average particle size are in the above ranges, such as those generated as by-products during polyethylene production, those due to thermal decomposition of polyethylene, those due to direct polymerization from ethylene, Various polyethylene waxes can be used. Polypropylene wax is not particularly limited as long as the melting point and the average particle diameter are in the above ranges, as in the case of polyethylene wax, and is produced as a by-product during the production of polypropylene, due to thermal decomposition of polypropylene, or directly from propylene. Various polypropylene waxes such as those obtained by polymerization can be used. Furthermore, modified waxes in which polar groups have been introduced by subjecting these waxes to oxidative modification, acid modification and the like can also be used. Specific examples of the modified polyethylene wax include ethylene bisoleic acid amide, ethylene biserucic acid amide, ethylene bislauric acid amide, ethylene bisstearic acid amide, ethylene bishydroxystearic acid amide, ethylene biscapric acid amide, ethylene bisbehenic acid amide. Amide-modified polyethylene wax such as carboxylic acid-modified polyethylene wax. A modified polypropylene wax obtained by modifying polypropylene wax in the same manner as polyethylene wax can also be used. These can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.
本発明の潤滑剤組成物中の粉体潤滑剤の含有量は、多すぎると加工材表面に形成される固形潤滑被膜に多く取り込まれすぎ、粉体潤滑剤の占める体積によって加工時の寸法が狂うなどの不具合が生じる。また、少なすぎると十分な潤滑性（加工性）を付与することができない。そのため、本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、粉体潤滑剤を５〜３５重量％、好ましくは１０〜２５重量％含有する。 If the content of the powder lubricant in the lubricant composition of the present invention is too large, it will be incorporated too much into the solid lubricant film formed on the surface of the work material, and the dimensions during processing will depend on the volume occupied by the powder lubricant. Problems such as going crazy occur. Moreover, when there is too little, sufficient lubricity (workability) cannot be provided. Therefore, the lubricant composition for impact press working of the present invention contains 5 to 35% by weight, preferably 10 to 25% by weight, of a powder lubricant.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、融点が１２０〜１７０℃であり、レーザー回折による測定で得られる平均粒子径（メディアン径）が２０μｍ以下であって金属元素を含まないワックスの粉体潤滑剤を５〜３５重量％含有することにより、高潤滑性を有することができ、これを含む固形潤滑被膜を加工材表面に形成すると、加工材と金型等との界面において摩擦摩耗を軽減し、優れた加工性を付与することができる。 The impact press working lubricant composition of the present invention has a melting point of 120 to 170 ° C., an average particle diameter (median diameter) obtained by measurement by laser diffraction of 20 μm or less, and does not contain a metal element. By containing 5 to 35% by weight of the body lubricant, it can have high lubricity, and when a solid lubricant film containing this is formed on the surface of the workpiece, frictional wear is caused at the interface between the workpiece and the mold. It can be reduced and excellent workability can be imparted.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物に含まれる造膜剤は、粉体潤滑剤を金属加工材表面に均質に固定するために用いられる。造膜剤は、水系潤滑剤組成物に完全に溶解し、水分が蒸発することによって造膜することが必要であるため、水溶性高分子化合物を使用する。水溶性高分子化合物として、具体的には、ポリビニルアルコール（以下、PVA）、ポリビニルピロリドン（以下、PVP）、メチルセルロース、（以下、MC）、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース（以下、HEC）、カルボキシメチルセルロース（以下、CMC）、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸重合体、高分子多糖類等が挙げられる。これらは１種単独で又は２種以上を混合して用いることができる。また、これらは、粉体潤滑剤と同様に金属元素を含まないことを特徴とする。 The film-forming agent contained in the impact press working lubricant composition of the present invention is used to uniformly fix the powder lubricant on the surface of the metal workpiece. The film-forming agent is required to form a film by completely dissolving in the water-based lubricant composition and evaporating water, and therefore a water-soluble polymer compound is used. Specific examples of the water-soluble polymer compound include polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter referred to as PVA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (hereinafter referred to as PVP), methyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as HEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (hereinafter referred to as CMC). ), Polyacrylic acid soda, polyacrylic acid polymer, high molecular polysaccharides, and the like. These can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types. Moreover, these are characterized by not containing a metal element like a powder lubricant.
PVA、PVP、MC、HEC、CMC、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸重合体、高分子多糖類の分子量、重合度などは、特に規定するものではなく、水溶性かつ造膜性を有するものであればよい。 The molecular weight, degree of polymerization, etc. of PVA, PVP, MC, HEC, CMC, polyacrylic acid soda, polyacrylic acid polymer, and high molecular polysaccharide are not particularly specified, and are water-soluble and film-forming. I just need it.
造膜剤の含有量は０．５〜５重量％である。造膜剤の含有量が、多すぎると加工材表面に形成される固形潤滑被膜が厚くなりすぎ、造膜された膜の占める体積によって加工時の寸法が狂うなどの不具合を生じる。また、少なすぎると十分な被膜ができず、固形潤滑被膜中への潤滑剤粉体の巻き込みが不十分になる。より好ましい造膜剤の含有量は０．５〜３重量％である。 The content of the film forming agent is 0.5 to 5% by weight. If the content of the film-forming agent is too large, the solid lubricating film formed on the surface of the work material becomes too thick, resulting in problems such as distorted dimensions during processing due to the volume occupied by the formed film. On the other hand, when the amount is too small, a sufficient film cannot be formed, and the lubricant powder is not sufficiently entrained in the solid lubricating film. The content of the film forming agent is more preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、PVA、PVP、MC、HEC、CMC、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸重合体及び高分子多糖類からなる群から選択される１種又は２種以上の水溶性高分子化合物からなる造膜剤を０．５〜５重量％含有することにより、加工材表面から潤滑剤中の水が蒸発した際に、粉体潤滑剤を巻き込みつつ均一な固形潤滑被膜を加工材表面に形成することができる。 The lubricant composition for impact press processing of the present invention is one or two selected from the group consisting of PVA, PVP, MC, HEC, CMC, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid polymer and polymer polysaccharide. By containing 0.5 to 5% by weight of the film-forming agent comprising the above water-soluble polymer compound, when the water in the lubricant evaporates from the surface of the work material, a uniform solid is obtained while entraining the powder lubricant. A lubricating coating can be formed on the workpiece surface.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、粉体潤滑剤を水に均一に分散又は溶解させるため、分散剤である界面活性剤を含有する。界面活性剤を用いることにより、加工完了後の製品を洗浄する際に、水もしくは水系洗浄剤に潤滑剤残分が溶け出しやすくなり、洗浄性の向上につながる。また、粉体潤滑剤及び造膜剤と同様に界面活性剤は金属元素を含まないことを特徴とする。 The lubricant composition for impact press processing of the present invention contains a surfactant as a dispersant in order to uniformly disperse or dissolve the powder lubricant in water. By using a surfactant, when a product after processing is cleaned, the lubricant residue is easily dissolved in water or an aqueous cleaning agent, which leads to an improvement in cleaning properties. Further, like the powder lubricant and the film forming agent, the surfactant does not contain a metal element.
界面活性剤を多量に用いると、粉体潤滑剤及び／又は造膜剤の機能を阻害するおそれがあるため、界面活性剤の含有量は５重量％以下であり、好ましくは１〜３重量％である。 If a surfactant is used in a large amount, the function of the powder lubricant and / or the film-forming agent may be impaired. Therefore, the surfactant content is 5% by weight or less, preferably 1 to 3% by weight. It is.
使用する界面活性剤は、金属元素を含まない限り、特に制約はない。非イオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤、アニオン性界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤等を用いることができ、特に、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル等の非イオン性界面活性剤が好ましい。界面活性剤のＨＬＢ値は、１５以下が好ましく、泡の発生を抑えるためには５〜１５程度がより好ましい。 The surfactant to be used is not particularly limited as long as it does not contain a metal element. Nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants and the like can be used, and nonionic surfactants such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether are particularly preferable. The HLB value of the surfactant is preferably 15 or less, and more preferably about 5 to 15 in order to suppress the generation of bubbles.
本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は、粉体潤滑剤を水に均一に分散又は溶解させた水系潤滑剤組成物である。水として、水道水、工業用水、イオン交換水、蒸留水、純水等を使用することができる。本発明のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物は潤滑剤の原液であり、実際に使用する場合には水で希釈して使用してもよい。水系の潤滑剤組成物であるため、水による希釈が容易である。添加する水の量を調整することによって、粉体潤滑剤の被膜量をコントロールすることができる。 The lubricant composition for impact press working of the present invention is an aqueous lubricant composition in which a powder lubricant is uniformly dispersed or dissolved in water. As water, tap water, industrial water, ion exchange water, distilled water, pure water, or the like can be used. The lubricant composition for impact press processing of the present invention is a stock solution of lubricant, and when actually used, it may be diluted with water. Since it is an aqueous lubricant composition, dilution with water is easy. By adjusting the amount of water to be added, the coating amount of the powder lubricant can be controlled.
このように、本発明によれば、粉体潤滑剤のとして、融点が１２０℃〜１７０℃であり、レーザー回折により測定した平均粒子径（メディアン径）が２０μｍ以下のワックスを用いることで、加工条件の厳しいインパクトプレス加工工法において、ステアリン酸金属塩と同等の優れた潤滑性が得られ、加工時の破断、表面のキズ等を防ぐことができる。また、水系の潤滑剤組成物とすることで、作業環境を悪化させず、水又は水系洗浄剤で洗浄することによって容易に潤滑剤成分を除去することができる。さらに、本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、いずれの成分も金属元素を含まないので、仮に電池筐体の製作に利用され、洗浄不足で潤滑剤成分が残存した場合でも電池特性に悪影響を及ぼす可能性が低い。 Thus, according to the present invention, the powder lubricant has a melting point of 120 ° C. to 170 ° C. and a wax having an average particle diameter (median diameter) measured by laser diffraction of 20 μm or less. In an impact press working method with severe conditions, excellent lubricity equivalent to that of metal stearate can be obtained, and breakage during processing, surface scratches, and the like can be prevented. Moreover, by using a water-based lubricant composition, the lubricant component can be easily removed by washing with water or a water-based cleaning agent without deteriorating the working environment. Furthermore, since the lubricant composition of the present invention does not contain any metal element, it can be used for the manufacture of a battery case, and even if the lubricant component remains due to insufficient cleaning, the battery characteristics can be adversely affected. The nature is low.
本発明は、また、金属加工材の表面に固形潤滑被膜を有する金属加工材であって、前記固形潤滑被膜が、前記金属加工材の表面に被膜された前記インパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発することにより２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量で形成された膜であるものを提供する。この金属加工材は、インパクトプレス加工される素材となる金属加工材の全面に、前記インパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物に含まれる固形分を２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量となるようにコーティングした金属加工材である。 The present invention also relates to a metal workpiece having a solid lubricant film on the surface of the metal workpiece, wherein the solid lubricant film is coated on the surface of the metal workpiece with the lubricant composition for impact press processing. Provided is a film formed in an amount of 2 to 20 g / m 2 by evaporation of moisture. In this metal processed material, the entire surface of the metal processed material to be subjected to impact press processing was coated with a solid content contained in the lubricant composition for impact press processing so as to have an amount of 2 to 20 g / m 2 . It is a metal processed material.
金属加工材の表面に形成される固形潤滑被膜は、２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量で形成される。ここで、２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量は、ほぼ２〜２０μｍの膜厚に対応する。固形潤滑被膜の厚みが薄すぎると、粉体潤滑剤が加工性を発揮することが難しくなる。被膜量が多すぎると、寸法精度の悪化、又は金属流れを阻害することにより破断が生じる。さらに、被膜量が多すぎると、後工程の洗浄において粉体潤滑剤が容易に除去できないなどの不具合が生じる。 The solid lubricant film formed on the surface of the metal workpiece is formed in an amount of 2 to 20 g / m 2 . Here, an amount of 2-20 g / m 2 corresponds to a film thickness of approximately 2-20 μm. When the thickness of the solid lubricant film is too thin, it becomes difficult for the powder lubricant to exhibit workability. If the coating amount is too large, the dimensional accuracy is deteriorated, or the metal flow is hindered to break. Furthermore, when the amount of the coating is too large, problems such as the powder lubricant cannot be easily removed in the subsequent cleaning process occur.
金属加工材の材質は、インパクトプレス加工工法で加工することができる金属であり、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金が挙げられる。アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金としては、リチウムイオン電池筐体の材料として一般的なＡ３００３のほかＡ１０５０（ＪＩＳ Ｈ４０００：１９９９、ＩＳＯ２１０７：１９８３）などを例示することができる。本発明の潤滑剤組成物は、鉄又は銅合金に比べて一般的に延性又は展性に乏しく深絞り加工が難しいとされているアルミニウム合金のインパクトプレス加工に特に有効である。 The material of the metal processed material is a metal that can be processed by an impact press processing method, and examples thereof include aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Examples of the aluminum or aluminum alloy include A1050 (JIS H4000: 1999, ISO2107: 1983) as well as A3003, which is a general material for a lithium ion battery casing. The lubricant composition of the present invention is particularly effective for impact press working of an aluminum alloy which is generally poor in ductility or malleability and difficult to deep-draw as compared with iron or copper alloy.
本発明のコーティング方法は、上述したインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発して均一な固形潤滑被膜が形成される方法であればいかなる方法を使用してもよい。例えば、金属加工材を５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱し、その温められた金属加工材と潤滑剤組成物とを接触させることで固形潤滑被膜を形成する方法が挙げられる。５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱した金属加工材と、上述したインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物とを接触させ、金属加工材の余熱で前記潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発することによって金属加工材の表面に固形潤滑被膜が形成される。金属加工材を５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱することで固形潤滑被膜の形成が容易になる。加熱する温度が５０℃未満では実質的に加熱の効果が得られにくく、１００℃以上に加熱すると潤滑剤組成物と接触したときに水が沸騰することで固形潤滑被膜の均一性又は均質性を損なう懸念がある。 As the coating method of the present invention, any method may be used as long as moisture is evaporated from the above-described lubricant composition for impact press processing to form a uniform solid lubricating film. For example, a method of forming a solid lubricating film by heating a metal workpiece to 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. and bringing the warm metal workpiece into contact with a lubricant composition can be mentioned. A metal workpiece that is heated to 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. is brought into contact with the above-described lubricant composition for impact press processing, and moisture is evaporated from the lubricant composition by the residual heat of the metal workpiece, thereby the metal workpiece. A solid lubricating film is formed on the surface. Heating the metal workpiece to 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. facilitates formation of the solid lubricating film. If the heating temperature is less than 50 ° C., the effect of heating is hardly obtained, and if heated to 100 ° C. or higher, the water boils when it comes into contact with the lubricant composition, so that the uniformity or homogeneity of the solid lubricating coating is achieved. There is a concern to lose.
潤滑剤組成物を金属加工材に接触させる方法は、特に限定されないが、潤滑剤組成物に金属加工材を浸漬した後にそれを引き上げる方法、金属加工材に潤滑剤組成物をスプレー塗布する方法などが例示できる。具体的なコーティング方法として、５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱した金属加工材を、潤滑剤組成物もしくは該潤滑剤組成物をさらに水で薄めた希釈液に浸漬し、引き上げ、水分蒸発によって均一な固形潤滑被膜を形成させる方法；５０℃以上１００℃未満に加熱した金属加工材に、潤滑剤組成物もしくは該潤滑剤組成物をさらに水で薄めた希釈液をスプレー塗布し、水分蒸発によって均一な固形潤滑被膜を形成させる方法等が挙げられる。また、固形潤滑被膜を得る方法は、金属加工材の余熱によって水分を蒸発させる自然乾燥に限られず、潤滑剤組成物を金属加工材に接触させた後に加熱して強制乾燥させてもよい。 The method of bringing the lubricant composition into contact with the metal workpiece is not particularly limited, but a method of pulling the metal workpiece after immersing the metal workpiece in the lubricant composition, a method of spraying the lubricant composition onto the metal workpiece, etc. Can be illustrated. As a specific coating method, a metal workpiece heated to 50 ° C. or higher and lower than 100 ° C. is immersed in a lubricant composition or a diluted solution obtained by further diluting the lubricant composition with water, and then pulled up and uniformly evaporated by moisture evaporation. A method for forming a solid lubricant film; a metal composition heated to 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C. is spray-coated with a lubricant composition or a diluted solution obtained by further diluting the lubricant composition with water, and uniform by evaporation of water Examples thereof include a method of forming a solid lubricating film. The method for obtaining the solid lubricant film is not limited to natural drying in which moisture is evaporated by the residual heat of the metal workpiece, and the lubricant composition may be heated and forcedly dried after contacting the metal workpiece.
このように、本発明によればインパクトプレス加工工法で加工を行う際に、加工性に優れ、加工時の破断及び表面のキズを防ぐとともに、加工後は容易に除去することができる固形潤滑被膜を有する金属加工材を提供することができる。 Thus, according to the present invention, when processing by impact press processing method, it is excellent in workability, prevents breakage during processing and scratches on the surface, and can be easily removed after processing. It is possible to provide a metal workpiece having the following.
以下、本発明の実施例にかかるインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤及びそれをコーティングした金属加工材について説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によってのみ限定されるものではない。本例では、本発明の実施例として１９種類の試料（実施例１〜１９）を作製し、比較例として６種類の試料（比較例１〜６）を作製し、それらの特性を評価した。 Hereinafter, although the lubricant for impact press processing concerning the Example of this invention and the metal workpiece which coated it are demonstrated, this invention is not limited only by these Examples. In this example, 19 types of samples (Examples 1 to 19) were produced as examples of the present invention, and 6 types of samples (Comparative Examples 1 to 6) were produced as comparative examples, and their characteristics were evaluated.
各試料を作製するに当たっては、まず、基材としてアルミニウム合金製のスラグ（材質Ａ３００３）を準備した。インパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤の実施例１〜１９、及び比較例１〜６の調製方法としては、粉体潤滑剤、純水、界面活性剤、造膜剤を順不同で投入し、粉体潤滑剤が液に馴染むまで３時間を目安として混合した。 In preparing each sample, first, an aluminum alloy slag (material A3003) was prepared as a base material. As examples of methods for preparing impact press working lubricants in Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, powder lubricant, pure water, surfactant and film-forming agent were added in any order, and powder lubricant The mixture was mixed for about 3 hours until it became familiar with the liquid.
そして上記基材を、９０℃の恒温槽に５分以上放置することで加熱した。次いで、加熱したスラグを治具に入れ、別途調製した実施例１〜１９及び比較例１〜６の各試料（水分散系潤滑剤、常温）に治具ごと全浸漬し、速やかに引き上げた後静置し、スラグの余熱により水を蒸発させることで固形潤滑被膜を形成した。（約１分で水が蒸発し固形潤滑被膜が得られた。） And the said base material was heated by leaving it to stand in a 90 degreeC thermostat for 5 minutes or more. Next, the heated slag was put into a jig, and the whole jig was fully immersed in each sample (aqueous dispersion lubricant, normal temperature) of Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 prepared separately, and then quickly pulled up. The solid lubricating film was formed by leaving still and evaporating water with the residual heat of slag. (Water was evaporated in about 1 minute, and a solid lubricating film was obtained.)
表１〜表５に、用いた材料の特性、および試料の組成、さらにスラグ表面に形成した固形潤滑被膜の状態を示す。固形潤滑被膜の状態は、被膜量（ｇ／ｍ２）及び膜の外観を目視観察により評価した（外観の評価基準：○は塗り斑が認められない。△は部分的に塗り斑が認められる。×は全体的に塗り斑が認められる）。 Tables 1 to 5 show the characteristics of the materials used, the composition of the samples, and the state of the solid lubricant film formed on the slag surface. As for the state of the solid lubricating coating, the coating amount (g / m 2 ) and the appearance of the film were evaluated by visual observation (appearance evaluation criteria: ○ indicates no smear. Δ indicates partially smeared. X indicates smears throughout.)
使用した原料は、以下のとおりである。
Ａ１：変性ポリエチレンワックス（クラリアントジャパン株式会社製 ＣＥＲＩＤＵＳＴ９６１５Ａ）
Ａ２：エチレンビスステアリン酸アマイド（花王オレオケミカル製 カオーワックスＥＢ−ＦＦ）
Ａ３：ポリプロピレンワックス（ビックケミー・ジャパン株式会社製 ＣＥＲＡＦＬＯＵＲ（登録商標）−９７０）
Ａ４：エチレンビスオレイン酸アマイド（日本化成株式会社製 スリパックスＯ）
Ａ５：モンタン酸エステルワックス（クラリアントジャパン株式会社製 ＣＥＲＩＤＵＳＴ５５５１）
Ｂ１：ＰＶＡ（日本酢ビ・ポバール株式会社製 ＪＭＲ−１０Ｍ）
Ｂ２：高分子多糖類（株式会社林原商事 食品添加物プルラン）
Ｂ３：ＰＶＰ（第一工業製薬株式会社製 ピッコールＫ−３０）
Ｃ１：ポリオキシアルキレンデシルエーテル（第一工業製薬株式会社 ノイゲンＸＬ−８０）
Ｃ２：ポリオキシエチレンイソデシルエーテル（第一工業製薬株式会社 ノイゲンＳＤ−８０）
The raw materials used are as follows.
A1: Modified polyethylene wax (CERIDUST9615A manufactured by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.)
A2: Ethylene bis stearic acid amide (Kao Wax EB-FF manufactured by Kao Oleo Chemical)
A3: Polypropylene wax (CERAFLOUR (registered trademark) -970, manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.)
A4: Ethylene bis oleic acid amide (Nihon Kasei Co., Ltd. SLIPAX O
A5: Montanate ester wax (CERIDUST 5551 manufactured by Clariant Japan Co., Ltd.)
B1: PVA (JMR-10M manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Poval Co., Ltd.)
B2: High molecular polysaccharide (Hayashibara Shoji Food additive pullulan)
B3: PVP (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Piccol K-30)
C1: Polyoxyalkylene decyl ether (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Neugen XL-80)
C2: Polyoxyethylene isodecyl ether (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Neugen SD-80)
各試料について、加工性および加工後の洗浄性について以下のように評価した。
加工性は、前記の通り固形潤滑被膜を形成させたスラグを、６３０トン冷間鍛造プレス機にて、実施例１〜１９、比較例１〜６を実際に加工し、破断の有無（○：なし、×：あり）、表面のキズ（○：なし、△：軽微、×：著しい）、寸法精度（○：板厚偏差０．１５mm以内、△：０．３ｍｍ以内、×：０．３ｍｍを超える偏差）においてそれぞれ判定し、一つでも×があれば、総合評価として×とし、いずれも×がなければ○とし、一つでも△があれば△と判定した。加工後の洗浄性については、ｐＨ１２．５のアルカリ水溶性洗浄液を用いて洗浄した後の加工品内面のぬれ張力試験法（ＪＩＳ Ｋ６７６８準拠）より、○：５分後にぬれが確認できない（液膜が破裂する）、×：５分後にぬれが確認できる（液膜が破裂しない）、として判定した。
Each sample was evaluated for processability and cleanability after processing as follows.
As for the workability, as described above, the slag having the solid lubricant film formed thereon was actually processed in Examples 1 to 19 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 with a 630-ton cold forging press, and the presence or absence of breakage (O: None, ×: Yes, surface scratches (○: None, Δ: Minor, ×: Remarkable), Dimensional accuracy (○: Thickness deviation within 0.15 mm, Δ: Within 0.3 mm, ×: 0.3 mm) Each deviation was determined, and if there was at least one x, it was judged as x as a comprehensive evaluation, if none, x was marked, and if there was at least one, it was judged as. Regarding the cleanability after processing, from the wet tension test method (based on JIS K6768) of the inner surface of the processed product after cleaning with an alkaline water-soluble cleaning solution having a pH of 12.5: ○: Wetting cannot be confirmed after 5 minutes (liquid film ), X: determined to be wet after 5 minutes (the liquid film does not rupture).
上記表６の結果より、実施例とした試料はいずれも加工性及び洗浄性において良好な結果を示した。なお、融点が１６０〜１７０℃であるワックスを使用した実施例１８は、表面に軽微なキズがあり、寸法精度が０．３ｍｍとなったことから、良品目安の限界と考える。 From the results of Table 6 above, all of the samples used as Examples showed good results in workability and cleanability. In addition, since Example 18 using the wax having a melting point of 160 to 170 ° C. has a slight scratch on the surface and has a dimensional accuracy of 0.3 mm, it is considered to be a limit of a good product standard.
比較例１の試料は、潤滑剤の被膜量が多いことから材料流れの制御が十分に行えず、破断が起こり加工性において不合格となった。比較例２から比較例４の試料も同様に潤滑性の制御が十分に行えず、破断が起こり加工性において不合格となった。比較例５においては、ワックスの融点が低いため、加工点温度に至る前（加工初期）に液状化し、必要な加工点での潤滑剤供給が不足し、潤滑性の制御が十分に行えず、破断が起こり加工性において不合格となった。比較例６においては、潤滑剤の剥離が起きたため、加工性及び洗浄性の評価を行うことができなかった。 In the sample of Comparative Example 1, since the coating amount of the lubricant was large, the material flow could not be sufficiently controlled, and fracture occurred and the workability was unacceptable. Similarly, in the samples of Comparative Examples 2 to 4, the lubricity could not be sufficiently controlled, and breakage occurred and the workability was rejected. In Comparative Example 5, since the melting point of the wax is low, it liquefies before reaching the processing point temperature (initial stage of processing), the supply of lubricant at the required processing point is insufficient, and the lubricity cannot be sufficiently controlled, Breaking occurred and the workability was rejected. In Comparative Example 6, since the lubricant was peeled off, it was not possible to evaluate workability and cleanability.
なお、実施例とした試料はいずれも従来のステアリン酸金属塩粉体のような粉体状で使用する形態ではなく、すべて有効成分を水に溶解もしくは分散した形態で使用しているため、粉塵等の作業環境汚染はない。また、金属元素を成分に含まないため、仮に電池筐体の製作に利用した場合で潤滑剤成分が残存した場合であっても、電池特性に悪影響を及ぼす可能性はステアリン酸金属塩よりも少ない。 Note that all the samples in the examples are not used in the form of powder like the conventional metal stearate powder, but are used in a form in which all the active ingredients are dissolved or dispersed in water. There is no work environment pollution. In addition, since the metal element is not included in the component, even if the lubricant component remains in the case where it is used for the production of the battery casing, the possibility of adversely affecting the battery characteristics is less than that of the metal stearate. .
Claims (5)
前記粉体潤滑剤は、融点が１２０℃〜１７０℃であり、レーザー回折により測定した平均粒子径（メディアン径）が２０μｍ以下であるワックスからなり、
前記造膜剤は、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ポリアクリル酸重合体及び高分子多糖類からなる群から選択される１種又は２種以上の水溶性高分子からなり、
前記粉体潤滑剤、造膜剤及び界面活性剤は、いずれも金属元素を含まない、インパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物。 An aqueous lubricant composition containing 5 to 35% by weight of a powder lubricant, 0.5 to 5% by weight of a film-forming agent, and 5% by weight or less of a surfactant,
The powder lubricant comprises a wax having a melting point of 120 ° C. to 170 ° C. and an average particle diameter (median diameter) measured by laser diffraction of 20 μm or less.
The film-forming agent, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, made of one or more water-soluble polymer is selected from carboxymethyl cellulose, the group consisting of port Riakuriru acid polymers and polymer polysaccharides ,
The powder lubricant, the film forming agent, and the surfactant are all lubricant compositions for impact press working, which do not contain a metal element.
１に記載のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物。 The lubricant composition for impact press processing according to claim 1, wherein the powder lubricant is at least one selected from polyethylene wax, modified polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, and modified polypropylene wax.
前記金属加工材の表面に塗布された請求項１又は２に記載のインパクトプレス加工用潤滑剤組成物から水分が蒸発することにより２〜２０ｇ／ｍ２の量で形成された膜である、金属加工材。 A metal workpiece having a solid lubricant film on the surface of the metal workpiece, wherein the solid lubricant film is
A metal that is a film formed in an amount of 2 to 20 g / m 2 by evaporating water from the lubricant composition for impact press processing according to claim 1 or 2 applied to the surface of the metal workpiece. Processed material.
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| JPH08134487A (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1996-05-28 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Solid lubricant capable of conducting high-speed pressing, preparation thereof, lubricating coating, and lubricated metal plate |
| DE4445993A1 (en) * | 1994-12-22 | 1996-06-27 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Lubricant for metal forming |
| JP2001219498A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Aluminum plated steel panel good in urethane releasability and urethane adhesiveness and excellent in processability |
| JP4054539B2 (en) * | 2001-03-07 | 2008-02-27 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | Method for producing metal material for plastic working having inclined two-layer lubricating film |
| JP5517244B2 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2014-06-11 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Alkali-soluble lubricating metal plate excellent in press formability and alkali film removal property and method for producing the same |
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2013
- 2013-07-30 JP JP2013157956A patent/JP6157259B2/en active Active
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