JP3251082B2 - A method for forming a lubricating film on an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a lubricating film which imparts excellent formability to the surface of an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate (hereinafter abbreviated as "aluminum plate") and provides a lubricating film which is easy to wash and remove after forming. It relates to a forming method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, aluminum plates have been used for home appliances, automobiles,
It is widely used by processing and assembly manufacturers of building materials, etc., and is molded by methods such as pressing and forging according to each application, most of which are molded, assembled, and then painted. . At the time of the forming process, since the workability of the raw material itself is insufficient, a lubricating oil typified by a press oil is applied on site before the processing to cope with the problem.
In the case of applying after assembly after forming, it is essential to remove the remaining lubricating film before the painting step, so a degreasing cleaning operation is required. In recent years, there has been proposed a method in which the use of a press oil in a molding process is omitted by using a material in which a wax-based lubricant has been previously applied to the surface of an aluminum plate for the purpose of saving steps and reducing costs. . However, in an environment where molding is performed using a press oil and a wax-based lubricant, the press oil and wax, etc., scatter to the molding apparatus and its peripheral parts, and in terms of pollution prevention, occupational safety and health, You are in an unfavorable environment.

[0003] On the other hand, conventionally, a metal member having a complicated shape has been assembled after dividing a strongly processed portion into a plurality of processed portions, forming the portion, and forming the portion. However, in recent years, as seen in the shape of an automobile body or the like, there is a tendency that a design using a large number of curved surfaces is desired in order to distinguish the appearance, and a plurality of hard machining parts having a complicated shape are used. The conventional method of dividing into parts to be processed, forming, and then assembling causes a great disadvantage in productivity because the surface smoothness is impaired. Therefore, it has higher lubrication performance, improves the working environment,
There is a strong demand for a lubricant that does not impair the workability of the next steps such as pre-coating and painting. It has been proposed to use a wax-based lubricant as a lubricant corresponding to such a demand, but the environment in press working is improved compared to the case of using press oil or the like, but still not good. Under circumstances.

When a press oil or wax is used as a lubricant during molding, it is necessary to remove a lubricating film containing metal powder remaining after molding with a solvent such as trichloroethylene. However, in recent years, in order to improve the global environment, the use of solvents represented by trichlorethylene and the like has been greatly restricted, and the tendency to completely eliminate them has been increasing, and the development of a lubricating film that can be easily removed with water after molding has been demanded. I have.

[0005] A number of inventions have been disclosed as methods for utilizing waxes as lubricants. For example, JP
In the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-81221, montan wax, carnauba wax, polyethylene oxide wax, and microcrystalline wax are used as the main components of the lubricant, and the lubricant containing a surfactant, metal soap, and a solid lubricant is further changed to aluminum. A method is disclosed in which a metal material such as that described above is applied and dried, a lubricating film is formed on the surface of the metal, and then cold plastic working is performed. Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No.
In the invention of the publication, an ester of a hindered alcohol having a neo skeleton and a saturated fatty acid having 10 to 14 carbon atoms, a synthetic ester wax having an acid value of 5 or less, a hydroxyl value of 10 or less, and a melting point of 50 ° C. or less is used. A method is disclosed in which a main lubricant is applied to a metal material such as aluminum, dried, a lubricating film is formed on the surface of the metal, and then cold plastic working is performed.

[0006] In any of these methods, the wax is a main component, and the lubricating performance is almost dependent on the melting point of the wax as the main component, that is, the high melting point wax is excellent in the lubricating performance. It is known. Therefore, the lubrication performance and the removal performance of the lubricating film are contradictory, and it is difficult to satisfy both performances at the same time. Also, in these methods, the temperature of the mold in the actual continuous pressing operation reaches 80 ° C. or higher due to frictional heat between the tool and the processing material, heat generated by plastic deformation of the processing material, etc., so that the wax softens and melts. The retention of excellent processing performance as a solid lubricating film is reduced, and the melted wax is scattered from the mold and the processing material, giving a disadvantage that contamination around the processing apparatus and the working environment is inevitable.

On the other hand, as a countermeasure to reduce the contamination of the surroundings of the processing equipment and the working environment due to the scattering of the lubricant contained in the oil-based or wax-based lubricant, the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-37966 is disclosed. A method is disclosed in which polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol are used as a lubricating film and polyethylene oxide is used as a lubricating additive.
However, polyvinyl alcohol is hard and brittle as a film, and its water solubility is not sufficient. Therefore, in the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-37966, polyethylene glycol is used in combination to achieve compatibility with the removability of the lubricating film. However, the use of polyethylene glycol can improve the removability of the lubricating film, but hinders the formation of the lubricating film, so that the lubricating performance and the removability of the lubricating film have not been satisfied at the same time.

[0008]

As described above, in the lubricating film forming method according to the prior art, a material which simultaneously satisfies the formability of the aluminum plate, the removability of the lubricating film after the forming and the coating property is obtained. Absent. In order to solve these problems, the present invention has excellent moldability and lubricity on the surface of the aluminum plate, and removes a lubricating film after molding, that is, removes by lubrication. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a lubricating film on an aluminum plate which is easy to perform and does not adversely affect the subsequent coating pretreatment step and coating step.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors diligently provide a lubricant composition and a method of forming a lubricating film which simultaneously satisfy excellent moldability, lubricity, and removability of a lubricating film by water after the forming. As a result of repeated studies, as a resin component on the surface of the aluminum plate, at least one selected from water-soluble celluloses, at least one selected from water-soluble polyamides, and waxes having a melting point of 50 to 130 are selected. It has been found that a lubricant composition comprising at least one kind of water and water is dried after coating to form a lubricating film which can be easily removed by washing with water, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, according to the present invention, (a) at least one kind selected from water-soluble celluloses, (b) at least one kind selected from water-soluble polyamides, and (c) ) 50 melting point
At least one selected from waxes having a temperature of up to 130 ° C.
And (d) water, and (a) / (b) =
A lubricant composition having a weight ratio of 1/1 to 20/1 and a content of (c) of 3 to 90 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of (a) + (b) in total is dried after application. , On the surface.
Provided is a method for forming a lubricating film on an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate, which comprises forming a film of 1 to 2.0 g / m ² .

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail. The lubricant composition of the present invention contains the component (a) and the component (b) as resin components, and specific examples of the water-soluble cellulose as one of the components (a) include the following general formula (1) At least one of the following:

[0012]

Embedded image In the general formula (1), R represents H, CH ₃ , [—CH ₂ —
CH ₂ -O] _n -H, _{[- CH 2 -CH (CH 3)} -O ] _n
At least one group selected from —H groups, where n is an integer of 1 or more.

Specific examples of the water-soluble polyamide (b) which is another resin component include those having a tertiary amine in the main chain, the side chain or both the main chain and the side chain, or the main chain. And those having a polyalkylene glycol structure. Polyamides having a tertiary amine in the main chain, side chain or both the main chain and the side chain include polymers of diamines such as bisaminopropylpiperazine and aminoethylpiperazine and dicarboxylic acids such as adipic acid and sebacic acid. And lactams and copolymers thereof with α-diaminomethyl-ε-caprolactam and other lactams. Examples of those having a polyalkylene glycol structure in the main chain include polymers of diamine or hexamethylene diamine obtained from polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 200 to 4,000 and a dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid or sebacic acid, or And at least one selected from copolymers of lactams.

When the weight ratio of the water-soluble celluloses (a) as the resin component to the water-soluble polyamides (b) in the present invention is less than (a) / (b) = 1/1, the surface of the aluminum plate is Since the strength of the formed lubricating film is insufficient, the lubricating performance deteriorates, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the weight ratio exceeds 20/1, the lubricating performance of the lubricating film formed on the surface of the aluminum plate is sufficiently exhibited, but the film removability with an aqueous cleaning agent is insufficient, which is not preferable. In order to obtain better lubrication performance and film removal performance, the weight ratio of (a) / (b) should be 1/1 to 2
It is preferably 0/1.

However, the resin component having such a configuration alone is not sufficient to satisfy the intended lubricity. In general, known additives for improving lubricity include known hydrocarbons, fatty acid amides, esters, alcohols, metal soaps, inorganics, and the like. As a result, the friction between the surface of the molded product and the mold is reduced by selecting and using a substance that exists on the resin film surface, rather than dispersing the additive in the formed resin film. It has been found that this is a way to maximize the lubrication effect.

Wax is a good component for imparting such properties to the film. (C) used in the present invention
As the wax, those having a melting point in the range of 50 to 130 ° C. are preferable, and one or more of these waxes are used. If the melting point of the wax is less than 50 ° C., and 13
If it exceeds 0 ° C., lubricity is insufficient. As the type of wax, an aqueous emulsion of polyethylene wax is more preferably used. It is preferable to add 3 to 90 parts by weight of the wax to 100 parts by weight of the resin component. If the wax content is less than 3 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin component, the intended lubricating performance cannot be obtained, and
If the amount exceeds the weight part, the lubricating performance is satisfactory, but the film-removability with an aqueous cleaning agent is insufficient, which is not preferable.

The lubricant composition of the present invention is a water-based lubricant, and the amount of water used in (d) is as described in (a) and (b) above.
The total remaining amount of the components (c) and (c) is not particularly limited, but varies depending on the film formation amount.

The lubricant composition of the present invention may be added to the lubricant composition.
Additives that can be used are added to ordinary aqueous resin paints,
Additives used, such as leveling agents, wetting agents, thickeners, etc., can also be added to the lubricant composition. Further, in order to improve the weldability, one or more selected from metal powders such as zinc powder, powdered nickel, and stainless steel powder, and inorganic compound-based conductive agents such as ITO can be added and used.

Next, a method for forming a lubricating film which is easy to wash and remove on the surface of an aluminum plate using the above-mentioned lubricant composition will be described below. 0.1 to 2.0 g by applying the lubricant composition to the surface of an aluminum plate and then drying
/ M ² . If it is less than 0.1 g / m ² , the lubricity is insufficient, and if it exceeds 2.0 g / m ² , the lubricating performance is satisfactory, but the film removability is undesirably reduced. The pre-coating treatment of the aluminum plate is not particularly limited, but the surface is preferably pre-cleaned by alkali degreasing or other appropriate cleaning means, which prevents cissing at the time of applying the lubricant composition. It is effective to do. In addition, in order to improve the corrosion resistance after coating removal, the coating adhesion, and the like, reactive chromate (phosphate chromate type, chromic chromate type), coating type chromate (trivalent chromium-6 hexavalent chromium type, trivalent chromium The lubricant may be applied to a surface which has been subjected to a surface treatment such as hexavalent chromium-phosphate or zinc phosphate, and then dried to form a film.

[0020]

EXAMPLES The effects of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and comparative examples. 1. Preparation of Test Specimen (1) Test Material Commercially available aluminum alloy with a thickness of 1.0 mm (JISA
5053) The plate material was processed in the following steps, and various performance tests were performed.

(2) Step: Alkaline degreasing Fine cleaner 359 (manufactured by Nippon Parkerizing Co., Ltd.) Concentration: 20 g / L Liquid temperature: 60 ° C. Spray: 60 seconds ↓: Rinse with tap water: 20 seconds ↓: Roll squeezing ↓ ： Draining drying ↓ ： Various lubricant application Bar coater No. Using # 3, 5 mL / m ² was applied. However, the amount of the film was adjusted by the solid content in the lubricant. ↓: drying It was dried at an atmosphere temperature of 260 ° C. for 10 seconds.
150 ° C)

2. Performance test (1) Workability (lubricity) Using a high-speed cylindrical deep drawing tester, wrinkle holding pressure = 0.7 T
ON, a cylindrical deep drawing test was performed under the conditions of a deep drawing speed of 10 m / min, and evaluated by a limit drawing ratio. For example, the blank diameter = 88 mmφ, the punch diameter = 40 mmφ, and the limit drawing ratio at this time is 2.20. <Evaluation Criteria> ：: Limit aperture ratio = 2.20 or more ：: Limit aperture ratio = 2.10 or more △: Limit aperture ratio = 2.00 or more ×: Limit aperture ratio = less than 2.00

(2) Film Removal Test A test plate cut to a size of 70 × 150 (mm) was used as a fine cleaner 359 (Nippon Parkerizing Co., Ltd.).
): 20 g / L, liquid temperature: 60 ° C., spraying: 60 seconds, and after removing the film, the amount of carbon remaining on the surface (mg /
m ² ) was measured to evaluate the film removability (removal rate).

[0024]

(Equation 1)

Table 1 shows the composition, the amount of the coating, and the results of the performance test.

The types of polymers used and the types of wax emulsions are described below. [Symbol: HPC] Hydroxypropylcellulose (trade name: HPC-SL) manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. was used. [Symbol: MC] Methyl cellulose (trade name: Tylose MH20) manufactured by Hoechst Japan Ltd. was used. [Symbol: PA70] Diamine represented by the following chemical formula obtained from polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1,000 as a water-soluble polyamide.

[0027]

Embedded image

(Hereinafter referred to as diamine 1000) adipate (70 parts by weight) and ε-caprolactam (30
(Parts by weight). [Symbol: PA90] A copolymer consisting of aminoethylpiperazine adipate (90 parts by weight) and ε-caprolactam (10 parts by weight) was used. [Symbol: PVA] Product name: PVA10 manufactured by Kureha Corporation
5 (polyvinyl alcohol) was used. [Symbol: EAA] Trade name of Mitsubishi Yuka Co., Ltd .: Yucalon A510W (weight ratio of ethylene / acrylic acid is 80/2)
0 copolymer) was neutralized with ammonia and emulsified in water at a concentration of 20% by weight. [Symbol: WAX1] Product name: K manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
UE-8 (polyethylene wax emulsion, melting point of wax = 105 ° C.) was used. [Symbol: WAX2] JW-150 (ethylene / paraffin wax emulsion, melting point of wax = 104 ° C / 52 ° C) manufactured by Johnson Polymer Co., Ltd. was used.

The working examples 1 to 8 according to the present invention show processability,
Good film removal properties. Comparative Example 1 is an example of the composition of the present invention but having a large amount of the film, and the film has insufficient film removability. Comparative Examples 2 to 6 are examples in which the film composition ratio is different from that of the present invention, and do not satisfy both the workability and the film removability.

[0030]

As described above, by applying the lubricating film forming method of the present invention, the lubricating film having excellent moldability and lubricity, and after press molding, is easily removed by washing with water. In addition, it is possible to provide an aluminum alloy material having a lubricating film that does not adversely affect the coating pretreatment step and the coating step performed in the subsequent steps.

[0031]

[Table 1]

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI C10M 109: 00) C10M 109: 00) C10N 30:00 C10N 30:00 Z 40:24 40:24 A 50:02 50:02 (72) Inventor Yasuhiro Kinoshita 1-15-1, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Japan Parkerizing Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shigeru Ishikawa 2 Takaracho, Kanagawa-ku, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (58) Survey Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10M 173/02

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] (1) at least one member selected from the group consisting of (a) a water-soluble cellulose, (b) at least one member selected from a water-soluble polyamide, and (c) a melting point (D) water and at least one selected from waxes having a temperature of 50 to 130 ° C., and (a) / (b) = 1/1 to 20/1, and (c) (A) + (b) total 10
Excellent lubricity characterized by forming a coating of 0.1 to 2.0 g / m ^{2 on} the surface by applying a lubricant composition in an amount of 3 to 90 parts by weight based on 0 part by weight and drying . And molding
A method for forming a lubricating film on an aluminum plate or an aluminum alloy plate that imparts a lubricating film that is easy to wash and remove after work . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose is at least one kind represented by the general formula (1). Embedded image In the general formula (1), R represents H, CH ₃ , [—CH ₂ —
CH ₂ -O] _n -H, _{[- CH 2 -CH (CH 3)} -O ] _n
At least one group selected from —H groups, where n is an integer of 1 or more.