JP6155030B2 - Concrete block manufacturing method, manufacturing apparatus, formwork and concrete block laying method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method, a manufacturing apparatus, and a manufacturing apparatus for a paving stone-like floor surface forming block used for forming a paving stone-like floor surface on a road such as a sidewalk, a roadway, a ground such as a park or a plaza, a floor of a building, a wall, etc. The present invention relates to a method for laying a formwork and a concrete block.

  In general, asphalt and concrete are often used as paving materials for pavement such as roads and open spaces such as sidewalks, roadways, etc., but the pavement surface by these pavement materials is unattractive and lacks design. .

  On the other hand, natural stone is processed into a flat shape to form a paving stone, and this paving stone is paved by paving this paving stone. This paving method using paving stones has a problem that the masonry lays the paving stones while cutting them into a predetermined shape, so that even if a quaint paving surface can be obtained, the construction is difficult and requires a lot of time.

  Therefore, it has been proposed that instead of using natural stone as a paving stone, a concrete block having a predetermined shape is prepared as a unit element, and by combining this, the work efficiency when laying the concrete block as a paving stone is improved ( (For example, see Patent Documents 1 to 4)

  However, although the conventional concrete block can improve the workability, the shape of the block is complicated or it is necessary to prepare a concrete block with a different shape. There is a problem that it is not possible to dramatically improve workability because it is necessary to combine blocks so as to play a jigsaw puzzle while considering which side of each other matches. Further, the conventional method has room for improvement in view of the production cost and production efficiency of the concrete block.

JP 2001-232613 A JP 2007-154530 A JP 2008-169636 A JP 2002-285504 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is to produce a concrete block suitable for paving stones at low cost, and it has the taste of being finished with natural stone even if it is not an expert. A method and apparatus for producing a concrete block capable of easily laying a paved surface. It is to provide a method for laying a formwork and a concrete block.

(1) A plurality of basic blocks of the same shape having a side face shape that forms a plurality of concrete blocks simultaneously on a metal plate serving as a bottom mold and abuts without causing a gap when they are abutted against each other. A mold is formed on the outside of the basic block, and the auxiliary block having a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two is formed so that a block aggregate composed of the basic block and the auxiliary block is formed into a square shape as a whole. A method for producing a concrete block, comprising: a step, a molding step in which a concrete material is put into the mold, and a demolding step in which the concrete block is demolded from the mold onto the metal plate.
(2) After the demolding step, the concrete block is cured, and a plurality of the cured concrete blocks on the metal plate are pressed in a horizontal direction to gather them together so that the concrete blocks adhere to each other, and the cured concrete the collection of blocks and clamped by clamping device, placing the assembly of concrete blocks in a plurality of stages in the secondary curing drying or transferred replacing steps on a pallet for shipment by repeating a plurality of times said pallet (1) The method for producing a concrete block according to (1).
(3) A metal plate to be a bottom mold and a mold frame that is placed on the metal plate and simultaneously molds a plurality of concrete blocks, and has a side shape that abuts without causing a gap when they are abutted against each other. A plurality of basic blocks having the same shape and an auxiliary block having a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two parts outside the basic block are formed so that the block aggregate composed of the basic block and the auxiliary block has a rectangular shape as a whole. An apparatus for producing a concrete block, comprising: a mold frame to be removed; and a demolding means for demolding the concrete block from the mold frame.
(4) Furthermore, the concrete blocks on the metal plate are pressed and gathered in the horizontal direction to bring the concrete blocks into close contact with each other, and the aggregated concrete blocks are sandwiched and transferred onto the pallet. The concrete block manufacturing apparatus according to (3), further comprising: clamping means; and means for transferring the pallet on which the concrete block is placed to the drying means.
(5) A formwork for simultaneously molding a plurality of concrete blocks, wherein a plurality of basic blocks having the same shape having side surfaces that come into contact with each other without generating a gap when they are brought into contact with each other; 2. The method for producing a concrete block according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary block having a shape obtained by dividing the block into two is formed so that a block aggregate including the basic block and the auxiliary block has a square shape as a whole. Formwork used for.
(6) A concrete block aggregate composed of a basic block and an auxiliary block, manufactured by the method for manufacturing a concrete block according to (1) or (2).
(7) A paving stone laying method using a concrete block aggregate formed by the formwork described in (5), wherein two auxiliary blocks that form the basic block by combining two auxiliary blocks are combined into one A method for laying paving stones, characterized in that linear joints are prevented from appearing on paving stones by replacing basic blocks as units.

  According to the method for producing a concrete block of the present invention, the production efficiency of a concrete block for paving stones can be increased and the production cost of the concrete block can be reduced.

It is a figure which shows the state after demolding of the concrete block manufactured by the method of this invention. It is a figure which shows a state when the concrete block aggregate | assembly in the method of this invention is shape | molded with the type | mold. It is a figure which shows an example laid using the concrete block manufactured by the method of this invention as a paving stone. It is a figure which shows the state which replaced the concrete block of a part of concrete block aggregate | assembly shown by FIG. It is a figure which shows the state after demolding of the concrete block manufactured by the conventional method.

An example of the shape of a concrete block (hereinafter also simply referred to as a block) in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
What is shown in FIG. 1 is a figure which shows the aggregate | assembly of the unit block of the state removed from the formwork manufactured by the manufacturing method of the concrete block of this invention.

In FIG. 1, each unit block is shown as type 1-12. The gaps between the unit blocks and the outer periphery of the block aggregate indicate the locations where the molds have been removed. This block aggregate is formed on an iron plate by placing a mold on an iron plate to be a bottom mold, filling a mold with concrete, and removing the mold after press molding.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which a concrete block aggregate is formed using a mold in the manufacturing method of the present invention.
At the time of molding, the mold frame 21 is placed on the bottom mold 22 made of an iron plate, the concrete is filled into the mold frame 21 and pressed, and then the concrete block aggregate 5 is placed on the bottom mold by die cutting. Form.

Types 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, and 12 are basic blocks having the same shape. The shape of the side surface of each side of the basic block has a shape that makes contact with another side of the basic block without causing a gap.
The shape of the basic block shown in FIG. 1 is an irregular hexagon, and two adjacent sides are set as one set, and three sets are combined to form the outer periphery. Each pair of adjacent two sides has a shape and size in which one side is reversed with respect to the other side so as to form a complementary shape so that no gap is generated when the two sides are abutted. In addition, each set of two adjacent shapes is different from the shape and size of two adjacent sides of another set.
The narrow groove-like lines on the surfaces of types 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, and 12 are pseudo joints (joint finish grooves) formed as recesses on the block surface, and the pseudo joints finish the floor surface in a turbulent paving stone style. Is for.

As shown in FIG. 1, centering on type 1, six basic blocks of types 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, and 12 have one side that can be butt-contacted with one side of type 1 of type 1. It is formed so as to face one side.
The types 5-1, 5-2, 6-1, 6-2, 7-1, 7-2, 8-1, 8- are provided so as to surround the types 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 12. 2, 9-1 and 9-2 are formed.
The types 5-1 and 5-2 are shapes obtained by dividing the type 2 into two in the vertical direction, the types 8-1 and 8-2 are shapes obtained by dividing the type 11 into two in the vertical direction, and the type 7-1. 7-2 is a shape obtained by dividing Type 1 into two in the vertical direction.
In addition, types 6-1 and 6-2 and types 9-1 and 9-2 have shapes obtained by dividing type 1 into two in the horizontal direction.
Hereinafter, types 5-1, 5-2, 6-1, 6-2, 7-1, 7-2, 8-1, 8-2, 9-1 and 9-2 are referred to as auxiliary blocks.
The pseudo joint can be given an appropriate shape for each basic block and each auxiliary block.

The present invention is characterized in that the basic block and the auxiliary block are simultaneously formed by a single molding operation.
That is, in the conventional molding method, as shown in FIG. 5, only the basic block is molded by a single molding operation. The reason is that the auxiliary block is useful as a curb block for curbs or a corner block for corners, but its demand is much less than that of the basic block. This is because there is a lot of waste. For this reason, the curb block or the corner block is actually produced by cutting the basic block on site.

The present invention pays attention to the fact that the auxiliary block has a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two, and intends to effectively use this as an equivalent to the basic block.
That is, for example, regarding type 5-1 and type 5-2 auxiliary blocks, type 5-1 and type 5-2 each have a shape obtained by dividing a type 2 basic block into two. Therefore, when the type 5-1 and the type 5-2 are abutted with the respective divided surfaces facing each other, the shape of the basic block is obtained.

Similarly, a combination of type 6-1 and type 6-2, a combination of type 7-1 and type 7-2, a combination of type 8-1 and type 8-2, a type 9- A combination of 1 and type 9-2 also has the shape of a basic block.
Hereinafter, basic blocks of types 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, and 12 are referred to as basic blocks A, and a basic block shape formed by combining two auxiliary blocks is referred to as a basic block B. The arrangement of the basic block A and the basic block B in the upper left block of FIG.

  If a plurality of block assemblies shown in FIG. 1 are connected as they are in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, the area of the paving stone portion of the basic block shape can be increased. Such a state is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of block assemblies are directly connected in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, linear joints a and b are formed between the block assemblies. Such straight joints impair the taste of turbulent paving stones.

For this reason, when laying the basic block B, the basic block A is used in place of the basic block A so that the straight joints do not appear.
FIG. 4 replaces some of the blocks in the four block aggregates shown in FIG. 3 so that straight joints do not appear. Double arrows in FIG. 4 indicate that the blocks are exchanged.
As is clear from the comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, there is no linear joint appearing on the paving stone attached by replacing the basic block B with the basic block A, and the line of the butted portion of the basic block B is Since it has the same effect as a pseudo joint, it does not impair the taste of turbulent paving stones.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 1, by simultaneously forming the basic block and the auxiliary block, not only the advantages in the manufacturing process as follows, but also the area of the block to be formed at a time increases, so the manufacturing cost is reduced. It can be greatly reduced. This advantage will be described below.

Conventionally, only the basic block is formed as shown in FIG.
After this molding process, the molded body is transferred to a drying room (curing room) while being placed on the iron plate, and then the basic block is transferred from the iron plate to the pallet for drying.
As the pallet, a secondary curing drying pallet may be used, or a shipping pallet also serving as a drying pallet may be used. Moreover, as a material of the pallet, a wooden pallet or a plastic pallet can be preferably used.
When moving the basic blocks from the iron plate to the pallet, the basic blocks on the iron plate were pressed and gathered from the side to close the basic blocks without gaps formed by the formwork, and then gathered together The basic block aggregate is pressed and clamped from the side by a clamping device and loaded on a pallet. At this time, in order to improve work efficiency, the basic block aggregates collected on another iron plate are further stacked on the basic block aggregates loaded on the pallet to form a two-tiered stack. There are also cases where they are pressed together in the horizontal direction.

In the case of performing transfer by pressing and clamping with the clamping device in this way, the block assembly is composed of only the basic blocks as shown in FIG. It is not easy to press and hold or to stack two or more layers.
On the other hand, the block aggregate composed of the basic block and the auxiliary block shown in FIG. 1 has a linear shape and a substantially square outer edge, so that the block aggregate can be easily pressed and clamped by a clamping device. It becomes possible to stack more than one step.

In the above description, the concrete block having the shape shown in FIG. 1 has been described as a specific example, but the shape of the block is not limited to this.
The shape of the basic block has a shape in which one side can be matched with one side of another basic block, and when the concrete block is molded so that the whole is a square shape, the central part has a plurality of identical shapes. As long as the auxiliary block in the peripheral portion has a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two, it is sufficient.
For example, what is shown in FIG. 1 is an irregular hexagonal shape, but may be a regular hexagonal shape or a hexagonal shape having a major axis and a minor axis.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Basic block 2 Auxiliary block 3 Pseudo joint 5 Block aggregate 21 Form 22 Bottom type A Basic block A
B Basic block B
a, b Straight joint

Claims (7)

  A plurality of basic blocks of the same shape having a side surface shape that abuts without forming a gap when they are abutted against each other, a mold for simultaneously forming a plurality of concrete blocks on a metal plate to be a bottom mold; A step of placing a mold that is outside the block and that forms an auxiliary block having a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two so that a block aggregate including the basic block and the auxiliary block has a rectangular shape as a whole; A method for producing a concrete block, comprising: a molding step of putting a concrete material into the mold and molding; and a demolding step of demolding the concrete block from the mold on the metal plate. After the demolding step, a concrete block is cured, and a plurality of cured concrete blocks on a metal plate are pressed together in a horizontal direction to bring the concrete blocks into close contact with each other, and a set of the cured concrete blocks body and clamped by the clamping device, and characterized by placing a collection of concrete blocks in a plurality of stages in the secondary curing drying or transferred replacing steps on a pallet for shipment by repeating a plurality of times said pallet The method for producing a concrete block according to claim 1.   A metal plate that is a bottom mold and a mold that is placed on the metal plate and simultaneously molds a plurality of concrete blocks, and has the same shape having a side shape that abuts without causing a gap when they are abutted against each other. Forming a plurality of basic blocks and an auxiliary block outside the basic block into a shape obtained by dividing the basic block into two so that a block aggregate composed of the basic block and the auxiliary block has a rectangular shape as a whole. And a demolding means for demolding the concrete block from the mold.   Furthermore, a collecting means for pressing and collecting the concrete blocks on the metal plate in the horizontal direction and bringing the concrete blocks into close contact with each other, and a holding means for holding the aggregate of the collected concrete blocks and transferring them to the pallet The apparatus for producing a concrete block according to claim 3, further comprising means for transferring the pallet on which the concrete block is placed to a drying means.   A formwork for simultaneously molding a plurality of concrete blocks, and a plurality of basic blocks of the same shape having side shapes that contact each other without generating a gap when they are brought into contact with each other, and two basic blocks outside the basic blocks. The method for producing a concrete block according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the divided auxiliary blocks are formed so that a block aggregate composed of the basic blocks and the auxiliary blocks has a rectangular shape as a whole. The formwork to use.   The concrete block aggregate which consists of a basic block and an auxiliary block manufactured by the manufacturing method of the concrete block of Claim 1 or 2.   A paving stone laying method using a concrete block aggregate formed by the mold according to claim 5, wherein two auxiliary blocks that form a basic block by combining two auxiliary blocks are basically used as a unit. A method for laying paving stones, characterized in that no linear joints appear on the paving stones by replacing them with blocks.

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