JP6147598B2 - Leaf spring deflection suppressing structure and deflection suppressing member - Google Patents

Description

  The technology of the present disclosure is applied to a vehicle equipped with a trunnion-type suspension, and relates to a leaf spring deflection suppressing structure and a deflection suppressing member that suppress the deflection of a leaf spring that deflects toward a side frame.

  Conventionally, as in Patent Document 1, for example, a trunnion-type suspension is known as a suspension for a tandem axle. The trunnion-type suspension includes a leaf spring extending along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the side frame extending along the front-rear direction of the vehicle and the leaf spring are arranged along the vehicle width direction. The trunnion type suspension includes a trunnion shaft extending along the vehicle width direction, and the trunnion shaft supports a rotation base that can rotate about the trunnion shaft. The leaf spring is connected to the trunnion shaft via the rotation base, and the trunnion shaft is connected to the side frame.

  The trunnion shaft is located between a pair of axles arranged in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In the leaf spring, the central portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle is connected to the rotation base, the front end portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle supports the front axle, and the rear end portion in the front-rear direction of the vehicle is the rear axle. Support. Here, when the axle and the side frame relatively move along the vehicle width direction, in the leaf spring, the end portion supporting the axle and the central portion connected to the rotation base move relatively along the vehicle width direction. . As a result, the leaf spring is bent toward the side frame with the central portion as a fulcrum so that the interval between the leaf spring and the side frame is narrowed. Therefore, in order to suppress contact between the side frame and the leaf spring, a flat plate-shaped bending suppressing member for suppressing such bending is attached to the side frame between the side frame and the leaf spring.

JP 2010-173529 A

  By the way, the bending suppression member is suppressing contact with a leaf spring and a side frame by contact | abutting with a bending suppression member and a leaf spring. For this reason, when the deflection suppressing member wears due to contact between the leaf spring and the deflection suppressing member, the deflection suppressing member needs to be replaced in order to maintain the accuracy of the deflection permitted by the leaf spring.

  On the other hand, since the degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member varies greatly depending on the travel history of the vehicle, it is preferable to determine whether or not the deflection suppressing member needs to be replaced based on the thickness of the deflection suppressing member. However, since the degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member is not necessarily uniform in the deflection suppressing member, the evaluation result of the degree of wear varies depending on the thickness measurement site.

  An object of the technology of the present disclosure is to provide a leaf spring deflection suppressing structure and a deflection suppressing member that can suppress the occurrence of variations in the evaluation result of the degree of wear.

A structure for suppressing the deflection of a leaf spring that solves the above problem is configured to be attached to the side frame in a gap between a leaf spring of a trunnion suspension and the leaf spring and a side frame of a vehicle, A leaf spring bending restraining member that restrains a contact surface, which is a side surface facing the side frame, of the leaf spring from being bent toward the side frame by contact with the contact surface; the bending prevention member is a flat plate portion having a flat plate shape, the flat portion one of the pair of plate surfaces that face in the thickness direction of the flat plate portion is set to a facing surface that faces the abutment surface And projecting along the plate surface direction of the flat plate portion from the edge surface of the flat plate portion to form a step along the thickness direction of the flat plate portion on the opposite surface side And a projection.

A leaf spring deflection suppressing member that solves the above-described problem is configured to be attached to the side frame in a gap between a leaf spring of a trunnion suspension and a side frame of a vehicle. A leaf spring bending suppression member that suppresses a contact surface, which is a side surface facing the side frame, from being bent toward the side frame by contact with the contact surface, and has a flat plate shape. A flat plate portion, wherein one of a pair of plate surfaces facing each other in the thickness direction of the flat plate portion is set as a facing surface facing the contact surface, and the flat plate from the edge surface of the flat plate portion A protrusion that protrudes along the plate surface direction of the portion and forms a step along the thickness direction of the flat plate portion on the opposite surface side.

  According to these structures, the edge surface of a flat plate part has a level | step difference along the thickness direction of a flat plate part. The shape of the step changes when the flat plate portion wears. Therefore, by visually checking the shape of the step, the degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member is grasped, and the evaluation result of the degree of wear is less likely to vary. It is possible to determine whether or not the deflection suppressing member needs to be replaced.

  In the leaf spring deflection suppressing structure, the trunnion-type suspension includes a trunnion shaft disposed between a pair of axles arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the flat plate portion is disposed on the axle more than the trunnion shaft. A first edge end surface that is closer to the trunnion shaft than the axle, and the first edge end surface and the second edge end surface are arranged along a vehicle front-rear direction. The edge surface is preferably the edge surface.

  The amount of deflection of the leaf spring is greater in the region closer to the axle than in the region closer to the trunnion shaft. According to the said structure, the level | step difference is provided in the 1st edge end surface corresponding to the site | part with a large deflection amount in a leaf spring. As a result, the shape of the step is visually confirmed, so that the thickness of the thinnest portion of the deflection suppressing members can be grasped with high accuracy. As a result, variations in the evaluation result of the degree of wear are less likely to occur, and the reliability of determining whether or not the deflection suppressing member needs to be replaced based on the shape of the step is improved.

In the leaf spring deflection suppressing structure, the deflection suppressing member is preferably plane-symmetric with respect to a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the flat plate portion.
When the deflection suppressing member disposed in front of the vehicle with respect to the trunnion shaft is a front deflection suppressing member, and the deflection suppressing member disposed in the rear is a rear deflection suppressing member, the deflection suppressing members having the above configuration are different plates. By making the surface face the leaf spring, it can be applied as a front side deflection suppressing member or a rear side deflection suppressing member. That is, since the shapes of the front side deflection suppressing member and the rear side deflection suppressing member are made common, the productivity of the deflection suppressing member can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

In the leaf spring deflection suppressing structure, the deflection suppressing member is preferably plane-symmetric with respect to a plane including a thickness direction of the flat plate portion.
According to this configuration, the deflection suppressing member can be applied to both the front deflection suppressing member and the rear deflection suppressing member only by being attached to the side frame in a state in which the portion where the step is formed is disposed on the leaf spring side. It is. That is, the workability regarding the replacement work of the deflection suppressing member is improved.

The side view of the trunnion type suspension with which one Embodiment of the bending suppression member of the leaf spring in the technique of this indication was applied. The top view which shows the planar structure of a bending suppression member. Sectional drawing which shows the cross-section of the bending suppression member in the 3-3 line of FIG. (A) The figure which shows typically the state by which the bending suppression member before abrasion was attached to the side frame, (b) The figure which shows typically the bending suppression member in the state which the level | step difference lose | disappeared by abrasion.

Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 1-4, one Embodiment of the bending suppression structure of a leaf spring in this indication and a bending suppression member is described.
As shown in FIG. 1, the trunnion suspension 10 includes a trunnion shaft 13 extending in the vehicle width direction between a pair of axles 11 and 12 arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The trunnion shaft 13 is connected to the side frame 15 via a trunnion bracket 14. A rotation base 16 is connected to the trunnion shaft 13 so as to be rotatable about the trunnion shaft 13 as an axis. A center portion of a leaf spring 17 is connected to the rotating base 16 by a pair of U bolts 18 extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The leaf spring 17 is formed by stacking a plurality of leaf springs and bundling them, and supports the front axle 11 at one end and the axle 12 at the other end. The pair of axles 11 and 12 are positioned in the front-rear direction of the vehicle by a plurality of torque rods 19. A side surface of the leaf spring 17 that faces the side frame 15 is a contact surface 17a (see FIG. 4B).

  A pair of bending suppression members 20 that suppress the bending of the leaf springs 17 toward the side frame 15 are attached to the side frames 15 by bolts (not shown). The pair of deflection suppressing members 20 have the same shape. In the present embodiment, the deflection suppressing member 20 disposed on the axle 11 side among the pair of deflection suppressing members 20 is a front deflection suppressing member disposed on the front side of the vehicle with respect to the trunnion shaft 13. Further, of the pair of bending suppression members 20, the bending suppression member 20 disposed on the axle 12 side is a rear side bending suppression member disposed on the rear side of the vehicle with respect to the trunnion shaft 13.

Next, with reference to FIG.2 and FIG.3, the structure of the bending suppression member 20 is demonstrated using a rear side bending suppression member.
As shown in FIG. 2, the deflection suppressing member 20 is made of a metal such as ductile cast iron. The flat plate portion 21 of the deflection suppressing member 20 has a pair of plate surfaces 21 a and 21 b (see FIG. 3 for the plate surface 21 b) facing each other, and one of the pair of plate surfaces 21 a and 21 b is the leaf spring 17. And the other of the pair of plate surfaces 21 a and 21 b is set as an attachment surface attached to the side frame 15. The flat plate portion 21 is formed in a plane symmetric shape with respect to the plane 22 including the thickness direction. The flat plate portion 21 includes a pair of edge portions 23 and 24 that are edge portions arranged in the front-rear direction of the vehicle in a state where the deflection suppressing member 20 is attached to the side frame 15 (hereinafter simply referred to as “attached state”). Prepare. Further, the flat plate portion 21 has a narrower plate width as it approaches the lower edge portion 25, and the edge portion 23 is disposed closer to the axle 12 at a portion farther from the lower edge portion 25, and the lower edge portion 24 at the edge end portion 24. A portion closer to 25 is disposed on the axle 12 side.

  The flat plate portion 21 is formed with four mounting portions 26, 27, 28, and 29 with which bolts for mounting the deflection suppressing member 20 to the side frame 15 are screwed. These attachment portions 26 to 29 penetrate the flat plate portion 21 in the thickness direction, and are formed at positions that do not face the leaf spring 17 in consideration of the movable range of the leaf spring 17 in the vertical direction of the vehicle. The formation position of the attachment portion 26 and the formation position of the attachment portion 28 are symmetric with respect to the plane 22, and the formation position of the attachment portion 27 and the formation position of the attachment portion 29 are also symmetric with respect to the plane 22.

  The deflection suppressing member 20 protrudes along the plate surface direction of the flat plate portion 21 from the protrusion 31 protruding along the plate surface direction of the flat plate portion 21 to the edge end surface 21c of the flat plate portion 21 and the edge end surface 21d of the flat plate portion 21. And a projecting portion 32. The protrusions 31 and 32 are formed so as to follow the edge of the flat plate portion 21 facing the leaf spring 17 in the attached state. Similar to the flat plate portion 21, the protrusions 31 and 32 are formed in a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 22.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the deflection suppressing member 20 has a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to a plane 33 that is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the flat plate portion 21 and passes through the protrusions 31 and 32. A step 34 on the plate surface 21 a side and a step 35 on the plate surface 21 b side are formed as steps in the thickness direction by the flat plate portion 21 and the protrusion 31 in the bending suppressing member 20. Further, a step 36 on the plate surface 21 a side and a step 37 on the plate surface 21 b side are formed on the deflection suppressing member 20 by the flat plate portion 21 and the protrusion 32. That is, the edge surface 21 c of the flat plate portion 21 is a step surface in which steps 34 and 35 are formed by the protrusion 31, and the edge surface 21 d of the flat plate portion 21 is a step in which steps 36 and 37 are formed by the protrusion 32. Surface.

  In addition, when the deflection suppressing member 20 has a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 33, the surface 31a of the protrusion 31 is set at a position where the inter-surface distance with respect to the plate surface 21b is L1. Further, the surface 31b of the protrusion 31 is set at a position where the inter-surface distance with reference to the plate surface 21a is L1. Further, the protruding amounts of the protrusions 31 and 32 are determined based on the positional relationship between the leaf spring 17 and each member, the connection position of the leaf spring 17 with respect to the rotation base 16, and the design items of the vehicle including these. The amount of protrusion of the leaf spring 17 is suppressed by the flat plate portion 21.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, the operation of the bending suppression member 20 having the above-described configuration will be described. In addition, the bending suppression member 20 in FIG. 4 is a rear side bending suppression member in which a plate surface 21 a is set as an opposing surface that faces the leaf spring 17.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), the bending suppression member 20 is a rear side bending suppression member in which the plate surface 21a is set as an opposing surface, so that the edge portion 23 is disposed on the axle 12 side, The end portion 24 is disposed on the trunnion shaft 13 side. Therefore, the edge surface 21c is set as the first edge surface, and the edge surface 21d is set as the second edge surface.

  When the leaf spring 17 bends toward the side frame 15 by the relative movement of the axle 12 and the side frame 15, the leaf spring 17 bends with a portion connected to the rotation base 16 as a fulcrum. That is, the amount of bending of the leaf spring 17 becomes larger as it is closer to the axle 12 as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. Therefore, the step 34 is preferentially worn by the contact with the contact surface 17 a of the leaf spring 17.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, as the wear of the step 34 progresses, the step 34 disappears. That is, by checking the shape of the step 34 by visual observation, the degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member 20 is grasped, and it is possible to determine whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced. And as long as the level | step difference 34 is confirmed, as for the plate | board thickness of the flat plate part 21, the surface distance L1 is ensured.

  As described above, whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced is determined based on the shape of the step 34 having a large wear amount among the step 34 and the step 36 formed by the plate surface 21a which is the opposing surface. . That is, the step that is a material for determining whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced is a step that faces the leaf spring 17 on the axle 12 side of the trunnion shaft 13. Then, by visually confirming the shape of the step 34, the thickness of the portion of the flat plate portion 21 of the deflection suppressing member 20 where the wear amount is large can be grasped with high accuracy. As a result, the reliability of determining whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced based on the shape of the step 34 is enhanced. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the protrusion 31 has a formation position determined with reference to an inter-surface distance L1 from the plate surfaces 21a and 21b. Therefore, by checking the shape of the step 34, the position where the leaf spring 17 is restrained from being bent with respect to the side frame 15 can be easily grasped.

  Further, the deflection suppressing member 20 has a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 33. Therefore, one bending suppression member 20 can be applied as a rear side bending suppression member by setting the plate surface 21a on the opposing surface, and front side bending suppression by setting the plate surface 21b on the opposing surface. It is applicable also as a member. That is, the shapes of the front side deflection suppressing member and the rear side deflection suppressing member are made common. As a result, the productivity of the deflection suppressing member 20 can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

  Moreover, the bending suppression member 20 has a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 33 and a plane that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 22, and thus includes steps 34 to 37. Therefore, whether it is used as a front side deflection suppressing member or as a rear side deflection suppressing member, the plate surface set as the opposing surface may be either the plate surface 21a or 21b. That is, when attaching the deflection suppressing member 20, the operator only needs to attach the deflection suppressing member 20 to the side frame 15 without considering the plate surface set as the opposing surface. As a result, the workability regarding the replacement work of the deflection suppressing member 20 is improved.

As described above, according to the leaf spring deflection suppressing member and the deflection suppression structure of the above-described embodiment, the effects listed below can be obtained.
(1) By confirming the shape of the step 34 by visual observation, it is possible to suppress variation in the evaluation of the degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member 20. The degree of wear of the deflection suppressing member 20 is grasped by the shape of the step 34, and it is possible to determine whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced.

  (2) The step 34 that is a material for determining whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced is a step that faces the leaf spring 17 on the axle 12 side of the trunnion shaft 13. Therefore, by checking the shape of the step 34 by visual observation, the plate thickness of the portion of the flat plate portion 21 of the deflection suppressing member 20 where the wear amount is large can be grasped with high accuracy. As a result, the reliability of determining whether or not the deflection suppressing member 20 needs to be replaced based on the shape of the step 34 is enhanced.

(3) Since the deflection suppressing member 20 has a shape that is plane-symmetric with respect to the plane 33, the productivity of the deflection suppressing member 20 can be improved and the cost can be reduced.
(4) The deflection suppressing member 20 has a shape symmetric with respect to the plane 33 and has a shape symmetric with respect to the plane 22. As a result, the workability regarding the replacement work of the deflection suppressing member 20 is improved.

  (5) The flat plate portion 21 has a plate width that becomes narrower as it approaches the lower edge portion 25, and a portion farther from the lower edge portion 25 in the edge end portion 23 in the attached state is disposed on the axle 12 side. Thereby, since the part with large abrasion amount among the flat plate parts 21 becomes difficult to form in the site | part near the lower edge part 25, the said part becomes easy to identify.

In addition, the said embodiment can also be suitably changed and implemented as follows.
-The bending suppression member does not need to be a plane-symmetric shape with respect to the plane 22 including the thickness direction. For example, the structure which the protrusion 32 was omitted in the bending suppression member 20 may be sufficient as the bending suppression member. Even if it is such a structure, it can apply to both a front side bending suppression member and a rear side bending suppression member because the protrusion 31 is included in the edge surface 21c of the flat plate part 21. FIG.

  Further, the deflection suppressing member 20 may not be plane symmetric with respect to the plane 33 orthogonal to the thickness direction. For example, the bending suppression member may have a surface that is flush with the plate surface, at which one of the protrusions 31 and 32 in the bending suppression member 20 is an attachment surface.

  From these things, the bending suppression member should just form at least 1 of the level | step differences 34-37 in the bending suppression member 20. As shown in FIG. In other words, the deflection suppressing member only needs to include a protrusion protruding in the plate surface direction on at least one of the edge surfaces 21c and 21d of the flat plate portion 21, and is flush with the plate surface set as the mounting surface. It may have a surface.

In the bending suppression member 20, the degree of wear may be determined based on the shape of the step 36 disposed on the trunnion shaft 13 side in FIG.
-Moreover, in the bending suppression member 20, the flat plate part 21 does not wear around the four attachment parts 26-29. Therefore, the bending suppressing member 20 is designed so that only the periphery of the step 34 arranged on the axle 12 side of the pair of steps on the opposite surface side is worn by the contact with the leaf spring 17. It can be used in four applications shown in a) to (d).

(A) A rear-side deflection suppressing member in which the plate surface 21a is set as an opposing surface.
(B) A rear-side deflection suppressing member in which the plate surface 21b is set as an opposing surface.
(C) A front-side deflection suppressing member in which the plate surface 21a is set as an opposing surface.
(D) A front-side deflection suppressing member in which the plate surface 21b is set as an opposing surface.
In addition, the bending suppression position of the leaf spring 17 does not change in the above (a) and (b), and similarly, the bending suppression position of the leaf spring 17 does not change in the above (c) and (d).

-The protrusion should just contain the part which opposes the leaf spring 17 in a vehicle width direction, and may be formed over the perimeter of the surrounding side surface of the flat plate part 21. FIG.
In the mounted state, the edge portions 23 and 24 of the flat plate portion 21 may have a shape arranged along the vertical direction, or a shape closer to the lower edge portion 25 toward the axle side. It may be.

  -The attachment part may be an insertion hole through which the bolt is inserted.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Trunnion type suspension, 11, 12 ... Axle, 13 ... Trunnion shaft, 14 ... Trunnion bracket, 15 ... Side frame, 16 ... Rotation base, 17 ... Leaf spring, 17a ... Contact surface, 18 ... U bolt, 19 ... Torque rod, 20 ... Deflection suppressing member, 21 ... Plate portion, 21a, 21b ... Plate surface, 21c, 21d ... Edge surface, 22 ... Plane, 23,24 ... Edge portion, 25 ... Lower edge portion, 26,27 , 28, 29 ... mounting portion, 31 ... projection, 31a, 31b ... surface, 32 ... projection, 33 ... flat surface, 34, 35, 36, 37 ... step.

Claims (5)

The leaf spring of the trunnion type suspension,
The leaf spring is configured to be attached to the side frame in a gap between the vehicle and a side frame of the vehicle, and a contact surface that is a side surface of the leaf spring that faces the side frame is the side frame. A bending suppression member of a leaf spring that suppresses bending toward the surface by contact with the contact surface;
With
The deflection suppressing member is
A flat plate portion having a flat plate shape, and said plate which one of a pair of plate surfaces that face in the thickness direction of the flat plate portion is set to a facing surface that faces the abutment surface,
A leaf spring comprising: a protrusion protruding from an edge surface of the flat plate portion along the plate surface direction of the flat plate portion and forming a step along the thickness direction of the flat plate portion on the opposite surface side. Deflection suppression structure. The trunnion suspension is
A trunnion shaft disposed between a pair of axles arranged along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle,
The flat plate portion is
A first edge face closer to the axle than the trunnion shaft;
A second edge face closer to the trunnion shaft than the axle;
With
The first edge end surface and the second edge end surface are arranged along the front-rear direction of the vehicle,
The leaf spring deflection suppressing structure according to claim 1, wherein the first edge surface is the edge surface. The deflection suppressing member is
The leaf spring deflection suppressing structure according to claim 1, wherein the leaf spring is bent symmetrically with respect to a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the flat plate portion. The deflection suppressing member is
The leaf spring deflection suppressing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the leaf spring is symmetrical with respect to a plane including a thickness direction of the flat plate portion. The leaf spring of the trunnion-type suspension and the side frame of the vehicle are positioned so as to be attached to the side frame, and a contact surface that is a side surface of the leaf spring that faces the side frame is provided. , A leaf spring deflection suppressing member that suppresses bending toward the side frame by contact with the contact surface,
A flat plate portion that have a flat shape, and said plate which one of a pair of plate surfaces that face in the thickness direction of the flat plate portion is set to a facing surface that faces the abutment surface,
A leaf spring comprising: a protrusion protruding from an edge surface of the flat plate portion along the plate surface direction of the flat plate portion and forming a step along the thickness direction of the flat plate portion on the opposite surface side. Deflection suppressing member.

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