JP6147496B2 - Maximum displacement recorder - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a maximum displacement recorder for recording the maximum relative displacement between two points generated when a ground or a structure is deformed due to an earthquake, wind or impact.

  Conventionally, when a building is damaged by an earthquake, the maximum displacement value is recorded in order to determine the degree of damage of the building from the magnitude of deformation that occurred in the building during the earthquake (patented) Reference 1-4 etc.).

  For example, in Patent Document 1, when two blocks are connected with a slender thread or the like, the thread slides when a tensile force greater than the static friction resistance acts on one block, and the protruding length of the thread A maximum value measuring method for recording a change in length as a maximum deformation amount between two points is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, the maximum strain memory sensor and an elastic deformable body such as a coil spring are combined in order to record a larger maximum displacement beyond the limit due to the extension length measurable by the maximum strain memory sensor. A maximum displacement storage device is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the wire is formed in a stepwise manner depending on the size of the deformation, and when the deformation occurs, the wire is sequentially cut by the blade portion. A sensor for detecting the maximum deformation amount is disclosed.

Japanese Patent No. 3230205 JP 2009-186308 A Japanese Patent No. 3403840 Japanese Patent No. 3527558

  The long object connecting between the blocks of the maximum value measuring method disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a material that is rigid with respect to tensile force and does not stretch, and is not rigid with respect to compressive force and immediately buckles. However, the material exemplified as a long object is a thread, a string, etc., and it cannot be said that it does not stretch at all with respect to the tensile force. However, if the long object is extended, the displacement between the blocks cannot be measured accurately.

  Further, the maximum displacement recorder disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 4 uses a sensor that electrically detects the amount of displacement as an essential component, and therefore the apparatus itself tends to be large and expensive. Furthermore, because monitoring that uses electrical sensors is a configuration that requires a power source, it must always be running in order to be prepared for an event that cannot be predicted when it occurs, such as an earthquake, Requires high running costs and frequent maintenance.

  And in the maximum deformation amount detection sensor disclosed in Patent Documents 3 and 4, the wire is sequentially cut according to the magnitude of the displacement, and therefore cannot be used repeatedly.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a maximum displacement recorder that can accurately record the maximum relative displacement in at least one of the directions in which two points are separated or approached with a simple configuration and can be used repeatedly. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the maximum displacement recorder of the present invention is a maximum displacement recorder for recording at least one maximum relative displacement in a direction in which two points are separated from each other and a direction in which the two points approach each other. An arm portion fixed to one point and projecting toward the second point, and a receiving portion fixed to the second point and installed in a state in which the movement of the arm portion in the axial direction is not hindered And a pair of recording bodies that move with the relative displacement of the arm part with respect to the receiving part, and a measuring unit for measuring the amount of movement of the recording body.

  Here, the recording body is a pair, the first recording body records the maximum relative displacement in the separating direction, and the second recording body is the maximum relative displacement in the approaching direction. It can be configured to record a value.

  The measurement unit may be a scale unit that enables reading of the moving amount of the recording body. Further, the measurement unit may be a displacement meter that electrically measures the moving amount of the recording body.

  In addition, the arm portion has a protruding portion that protrudes in a direction intersecting the axial direction, and the recording body is disposed on at least one side of the protruding portion in the receiving portion, and the recording body is disposed on the protruding portion. It can be set as the structure which is pushed and moves.

  Furthermore, a groove extending in the axial direction can be provided in the receiving portion, and the arm portion can be inserted into the groove. The receiving portion may be formed in a cylindrical shape extending in the axial direction, and the protruding portion of the arm portion and the recording body may be disposed in the inner space of the cylinder.

  On the other hand, the arm portion is inserted into the receiving portion, and the recording body is disposed on at least one side of the receiving portion in the arm portion, and the recording body is moved by being pushed by the receiving portion. It can also be. Here, it can be set as the structure which makes the said recording body contact the outer surface of the said receiving part. Moreover, the structure which makes the said recording body contact the inner surface of the said receiving part may be sufficient.

  A conversion mechanism for enlarging or reducing the relative displacement can be provided between the first and second points and the measurement unit. Furthermore, it can also be set as the structure provided with the reset mechanism which returns the said recording body to the original position.

  The maximum displacement recorder of the present invention configured as described above includes a recording body that moves in accordance with the relative displacement of the arm portion and the receiving portion that are respectively installed at two points. Then, the recording body records the maximum value of the relative displacement of at least one of the direction in which the two points are separated from each other or the approaching direction.

  Thus, the maximum relative displacement generated between two points can be recorded by a simple combination of the arm portion, the receiving portion, and the recording body that moves in accordance with the relative displacement thereof. Further, the recording medium can be repeatedly used by returning it to the original position.

  Furthermore, by arranging a pair of recording bodies, it is possible to simplify the configuration in which not only one of the separating direction and the approaching direction but also the relative displacement in two directions can be recorded.

  In addition, the arm portion is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes in a direction crossing the axial direction, and the recording body is pushed by the protruding portion, or the recording medium is pushed into the receiving portion by inserting the arm portion into the receiving portion. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to reliably move the recording body as the relative displacement increases.

  Furthermore, a small displacement can be accurately recorded by providing a conversion mechanism that enlarges the relative displacement. In addition, by providing a conversion mechanism that reduces the relative displacement, the measurement range can be expanded and recorded reliably even for large displacements.

  Further, if a reset mechanism is provided, even if the maximum displacement recorder is installed in a place where it is difficult to reach, it can be easily returned to the initial state and repeated measurement can be performed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining the maximum displacement recorder of embodiment of this invention, Comprising: (a) is the figure which showed the initial state, (b) is the state which has recorded the displacement of the direction which separates two points. (C) is a diagram showing a state in which the maximum relative displacement in a direction in which two points are separated from each other is recorded. (D) is a diagram in which a displacement in a direction in which two points are approaching is recorded. FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining the maximum displacement recorder of Example 1, Comprising: (a) is sectional drawing which showed the structure of the maximum displacement recorder, (b) is the top view which showed the structure of the maximum displacement recorder, (c) ) Is a cross-sectional view seen in the direction of arrows AA in (b). 6 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a maximum displacement recorder of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a maximum displacement recorder according to Example 3, wherein (a) is a diagram illustrating an initial state, and (b) is a diagram illustrating a state in which displacement in a direction in which two points are separated is recorded. (C) is the figure which showed the state which recorded the maximum relative displacement of the direction in which two points are spaced apart, (d) is the figure which showed the state which has recorded the displacement of the direction in which two points approach. It is. FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway view showing a configuration of a maximum displacement recorder of Example 4. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a conversion mechanism for enlarging displacement according to a fifth embodiment, where (a) is a side view illustrating the configuration of a maximum displacement recorder provided with the conversion mechanism, and (b) illustrates the configuration of the conversion mechanism. It is a top view for doing. It is the side view which showed the structure of the maximum displacement recorder provided with the conversion mechanism which reduces the displacement of Example 5. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a maximum displacement recorder according to Example 6, wherein (a) shows a state after the recording body has moved, and (b) shows a state in which the recording body is returned to the initial position by a return needle. FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the maximum displacement recorder 2 described in the present embodiment, including operating states.

  The maximum displacement recorder 2 is installed in any place such as a building such as a building or a house, or a civil engineering structure such as a bridge, a dam or a tunnel. Used to record maximum relative displacement.

  In the present embodiment, the description will be made as if there is a gap (slit) between the two measurement objects 11 and 12 for easy understanding, but the present invention is not limited to this. Between 12 may be continued up to the surface.

  In the maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, a distance between the first point 11a on the measurement object 11 and the second point 12a on the measurement object 12 is between. Recording is performed in both directions in the case of relative displacement in the separating direction and in the case of relative displacement in the approaching direction.

  Here, the “maximum relative displacement” is set as the recording object when the first point 11a and the second point 12a are displaced in the same direction (absolute displacement) while maintaining a space therebetween. This is because it is considered that stress and deformation that cause damage between the two points do not occur. That is, when the two points 11a and 12a are separated from each other or approach each other, a tensile stress, a compressive stress, or a seam opening occurs between the two points 11a and 12a, and the measurement objects 11 and 12 are damaged. there is a possibility. For this reason, the maximum relative displacement in the direction in which the two points are separated from each other and the approaching direction are recorded, and the tensile force, compressive force, and opening / closing amount received by the structure (measurement objects 11 and 12) are estimated and the damage It will be used for evaluation.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment includes an arm portion 21 that is fixed to the first point 11a and projects toward the second point 12a, A receiving portion 22 fixed to the point 12a, a pair of recording bodies 23A and 23B that move in accordance with the relative displacement of the arm portion 21 with respect to the receiving portion 22, and a measurement for measuring the amount of movement of the recording bodies 23A and 23B. It is mainly provided with scale parts 24A and 24B as parts.

  The arm portion 21 includes a column 21a that is built perpendicular to the surface of the first point 11a, an arm 21b that extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the column 21a, and the tip of the arm 21b. And a protruding portion 21 c protruding from the receiving portion 22 toward the receiving portion 22.

  For example, the arm 21b protrudes directly above the second point 12a, and the protrusion 21c protrudes downward substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the arm 21b. The protruding portion 21 c is disposed immediately above the receiving portion 22.

  The receiving portion 22 includes a support 22a that is built perpendicularly to the surface at the second point 12a, and a base 22b that extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the support 22a. Yes. The support portion 22a is joined to the lower surface in the middle of the base 22b in the axial direction, whereby the receiving portion 22 is formed in a T shape in a side view.

  The upper surface of the base 22b and the lower surface of the protruding portion 21c are separated so as not to hinder the movement of the arm portion 21 in the axial direction. Then, the first recording body 23A and the second recording body 23B are arranged with the protrusion 21c interposed therebetween.

  The maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated is recorded by the first recording body 23A. On the other hand, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach is recorded by the second recording body 23B.

  The frictional resistance between the recording bodies 23A and 23B and the surface of the base 22b is set to such an extent that the recording bodies 23A and 23B do not move except when pressed by the protrusion 21c.

  The upper limit of the frictional resistance is set such that the arm 21 is not deformed by the projection 21c pressing the recording bodies 23A and 23B, and the deformation of the measurement objects 11 and 12 is not hindered. In addition, when the building or the civil engineering structure is used as the measurement objects 11 and 12, since the force that causes the deformation is large, even if the frictional resistance increases to some extent, the deformation is not hindered.

  The scale parts 24A and 24B are attached along the side surface or the upper surface of the base 22b. The first scale portion 24A is extended in the moving direction of the recording body 23A (the direction from the second point 12a toward the first point 11a) so that the movement amount of the first recording body 23A can be measured. The On the other hand, the second scale portion 24B faces the moving direction of the recording body 23B (the direction from the first point 11a toward the second point 12a) so that the movement amount of the second recording body 23B can be measured. Stretched.

  Next, a method for recording the maximum relative displacement using the maximum displacement recorder 2 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, two points slightly apart of the measurement objects 11 and 12 for which the maximum relative displacement is to be recorded are set as the first point 11a and the second point 12a. And the support | pillar 22a of the receiving part 22 is fixed to the 2nd point 12a, and the support | pillar 21a of the arm part 21 is fixed to the 1st point 11a.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 1A, the recording mediums 23A and 23B are arranged on the base 22b in a state where the side surfaces of the recording bodies 23A and 23B are in contact with the side surfaces of the protruding portions 21c. At this time, the recording bodies 23A and 23B are at the 0 position of the scale portions 24A and 24B.

  When an earthquake or the like occurs in such a state and a displacement occurs in a direction in which the first point 11a is separated from the second point 12a as shown in FIG. 1B, the first point 11a The arm portion 21 that moves integrally is also separated from the receiving portion 22 that moves integrally with the second point 12a.

When the arm portion 21 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 22 in this manner, the recording body 23A moves in the first point 11a direction by being pushed by the side surface of the protruding portion 21c on the first point 11a side. This relative displacement X _A recorded by the recording body 23A which moves to rub the base 22b upper surface, increases as long as the movement in this direction continues.

  When the displacement is reversed as shown in FIG. 1C, the protrusion 21c is separated from the first recording body 23A. At this time, the value that can be read by the scale portion 24A from the position where the recording body 23A is left is the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1D, when a displacement in the direction in which the first point 11a approaches the second point 12a occurs, the first point 11a moves together. The arm portion 21 also approaches the receiving portion 22 that moves integrally with the second point 12a.

  When the arm portion 21 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 22 in this manner, the recording body 23B moves in a direction away from the second point 12a by being pushed by the side surface on the second point 12a side of the protruding portion 21c. To do.

This relative displacement X _B recorded by the recording body 23B which move to rub the base 22b upper surface, increases as long as the movement in this direction continues. When the displacement is reversed, the protrusion 21c is separated from the second recording body 23B, and the recording body 23B is left as it is. The value that can be read by the scale portion 24B from the position where the recording body 23B is left is the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach each other.

  Next, the operation of the maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment will be described.

  The maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment configured as described above has a pair of recording bodies 23A that move in accordance with the relative displacement of the arm portion 21 and the receiving portion 22 installed at the two points 11a and 12a, respectively. 23B. Then, the pair of recording bodies 23A and 23B respectively record the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated from each other and in the direction in which they approach each other.

  In this way, the maximum relative displacement in two directions generated between the two points 11a and 12a is recorded by a simple combination of the arm portion 21 and the receiving portion 22 and the recording bodies 23A and 23B that move with the relative displacement thereof. be able to.

  For example, in the event of a major earthquake, is it possible to enter the building by reading the maximum relative displacement from the maximum displacement recorder 2 installed in the building or bridge, etc., and performing analysis based on that value? It is possible to quickly determine whether or not a bridge can pass. Furthermore, when making a post-earthquake recovery plan, an accurate recovery plan can be created based on the recorded maximum relative displacement data.

  In such analysis and judgment of damage level, if the maximum relative displacement that the structure has actually deformed can be quantitatively known, the earthquake at the nearest point installed by the Japan Meteorological Agency or public organization A much more accurate analysis is possible than using the data obtained from the meter.

  Further, the maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment does not require wiring for power supply, and thus has a high degree of freedom in installation location, and has a simple mechanical configuration, so there is a large temperature difference outdoors. It can operate stably even in harsh environments.

  Furthermore, since the maximum displacement recorder 2 of the present embodiment has a simple configuration, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, by returning the recording bodies 23A and 23B to their original positions, they can be used repeatedly.

  Furthermore, if the scale portions 24A and 24B that enable reading of the movement amounts of the recording bodies 23A and 23B are provided, the maximum relative displacement can be easily grasped visually.

  Further, if the arm portion 21 is provided with a projection 21c that protrudes toward the receiving portion 22 and the recording bodies 23A and 23B are pushed by the projection 21c, the recording body 23A is surely associated with an increase in relative displacement. , 23B can be moved.

  Next, a maximum displacement recorder 3 of a form different from the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the above embodiment will be described with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In the above-described embodiment, the maximum displacement recorder 2 including the scale portions 24A and 24B that are visible as the measurement unit has been described. However, in the first embodiment, the maximum displacement including the displacement meter 340 that electrically measures the movement amount is described. The recorder 3 will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A to 2C, the maximum displacement recorder 3 according to the first embodiment includes an arm portion 31 that is fixed to the first point 11a and projects toward the second point 12a. The receiving portion 32 fixed to the second point 12a, the pair of recording bodies 33A and 33B that move with the relative displacement of the arm portion 31 with respect to the receiving portion 32, and the movement amounts of the recording bodies 33A and 33B are measured. It mainly includes a displacement meter 340 as a measuring unit.

  The arm portion 31 includes a column 31a built perpendicular to the surface at the first point 11a, and an arm 31b connected to the column 31a via a universal joint 31d such as a universal joint that can be freely changed in angle. It has a projection 31c that protrudes upward from the tip of the arm 31b substantially perpendicular to the axial direction.

  The arm 31b is formed in a flat hexagonal column shape as shown in FIG. Further, since the end of the arm 31b is connected to the support 31a via the universal joint 31d, the protruding second point 12a side is lowered if the receiving portion 32 is not provided.

  On the other hand, the receiving part 32 includes a column 32a that is built perpendicularly to the surface at the second point 12a, and a base 32b whose end is connected to the column 32a via a universal joint 32d in the same manner as the arm 31b. The base 32b has a groove 32c extending in the axial direction, and a pair of guide portions 32e and 32e provided substantially parallel to the upper surface of the base 32b with the groove 32c interposed therebetween.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, the groove 32c of the base 32b is formed in an inner shape that is slightly larger than the outer shape of the cross section of the arm 31b. Then, the arm 31b is inserted into the inner space of the groove 32c. Since the base 32b provided with the groove 32c and the arm 31b are connected to the columns 31a and 32a via the universal joints 31d and 32d, respectively, the upper inclined surface of the arm 31b comes into contact with the upper inner surface of the groove 32c, thereby Become supportive.

  When the arm 31b is inserted into the groove 32c in this way, the arm 32b is only opened when the relative displacement in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated or approached in the axial direction of the arm 31b occurs. 31b slides. Even if a displacement other than the direction to be measured (axial direction) occurs, if the universal joints 31d and 32d are connected, the arm 31b and the base 32b can be prevented from being damaged by acting on the bias pressure. it can.

  Further, the guide portions 32e and 32e provided on both sides of the groove 32c are formed in an inverted L-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. The recording bodies 33A and 33B move in the axial direction on the upper surface of the base 32b along the guide portions 32e and 32e. Here, the first recording body 33A and the second recording body 33B are arranged with the protrusion 31c interposed therebetween.

  The displacement meter 340 of the maximum displacement recorder 3 includes resistance rails 34A and 34A (34B and 34B) and resistance rails 34A and 34A (34B and 34B) which are resistors attached to the inner surfaces of the guide portions 32e and 32e. It is mainly comprised by the slide contact 341 spanned between.

  The slide contact 341 is fixed to the upper surface of the recording body 33A (33B). As shown in FIG. 2C, the upper surfaces of both ends of the slide contact 341 are the lower surfaces of the resistance rails 34A, 34A (34B, 34B). Contact.

  When the recording body 33A (33B) moves, the slide contact 341 straddling the resistance rails 34A, 34A (34B, 34B) moves, and the electrical resistance changes as the distance between terminals (not shown) changes. The amount of change in electrical resistance is measured as the amount of movement (relative displacement) of the recording body 33A (33B).

  Further, the displacement meter 340 includes a storage unit (not shown) that records the measured movement amount. A storage medium such as a flash memory, a RAM (Random Access Memory), a hard disk, or an optical disk can be used for the storage unit.

  The displacement meter 340 is connected to a communication network (not shown) such as the Internet, and sequentially transmits the movement amount data recorded in the storage unit to a totaling device (not shown) installed at a remote location. Can be made.

  As described above, if the displacement meter 340 that electrically measures the moving amount of the recording bodies 33A and 33B is provided, the maximum relative displacement update record can be recorded each time, and remote recording can be performed. Collection is also possible.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Next, a maximum displacement recorder 4 of a form different from the above embodiment and Example 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or Example 1 will be given with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the maximum displacement recorder 4 according to the second embodiment is fixed to the first point 11a and protrudes toward the second point 12a, and to the second point 12a. A fixed receiving portion 42, a pair of recording bodies 43A and 43B that move with the relative displacement of the arm portion 41 with respect to the receiving portion 42, and a scale as a measuring portion for measuring the amount of movement of the recording bodies 43A and 43B. 44A and 44B are mainly provided.

  The arm portion 41 includes a support column 41a built perpendicular to the surface at the first point 11a, and an arm 41b connected to the support column 41a via a universal joint 41d such as a universal joint that can be freely changed in angle. And a disc-shaped protrusion 41c attached to the tip of the arm 41b.

  The arm 41b has a configuration in which a rod-shaped tip arm 41e having a diameter smaller than that of the main body is connected to the end surface of the columnar main body. And the edge part of the front-end | tip arm 41e is fixed to the center of the disk-shaped projection part 41c. The protruding portion 41c protrudes in all directions substantially orthogonal to the axial direction of the arm 41b, but there is a gap between the protruding portion 41c and the inner surface of a cylindrical portion 42b described later.

  On the other hand, the receiving portion 42 includes a column 42a that is built perpendicularly to the surface at the second point 12a, and a cylindrical portion 42b that is connected to the column 42a through the universal joint 42d in the same manner as the arm 41b. have.

  The cylindrical portion 42b is formed in a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the main body of the arm 41b. And the arm 41b is inserted from the opening 42c of the cylinder part 42b. The cylindrical portion 42b is formed of a transparent material so that the positions of the recording bodies 43A and 43B accommodated in the inner space can be visually recognized from the outside.

  The arm 41b and the cylindrical portion 42b connected to the support columns 41a and 42a through the universal joints 41d and 42d, respectively, have a relative displacement in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated or approached in the axial direction of the arm 41b. Only when the tip arm 41e and the protrusion 41c slide in the inner space of the tube portion 42b.

  And the 1st recording body 43A and the 2nd recording body 43B are arrange | positioned on both sides of the projection part 41c. Here, the center of the recording body 43A is perforated, and the tip arm 41e is inserted into the hole. That is, the recording body 43A is attached to the tip arm 41e in a state where a clearance is secured, and does not move with the movement of the tip arm 41e, but only moves when pushed by the protrusion 41c. It is configured.

  In addition, the recording bodies 43A and 43B are formed on the outer periphery having substantially the same size as the inner periphery of the cylindrical portion 42b. The frictional resistance between the recording bodies 43A and 43B and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder portion 42b is set to such an extent that the recording bodies 43A and 43B do not move except when pressed by the projection 41c.

  Then, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated is recorded by the first recording body 43A. On the other hand, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach is recorded by the second recording body 43B.

  As described above, if the recording bodies 43A and 43B are accommodated in the cylindrical portion 42b, there is a risk that the recording bodies 43A and 43B are displaced or moved except when the relative displacement between the two points 11a and 12a occurs. Can be reduced.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Next, a maximum displacement recorder 5 of a form different from the above embodiment and examples will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or other examples will be given with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In the above embodiment and Examples 1 and 2, the case where the recording body is arranged on the receiving portions 22, 32, 42 side has been described. In Example 3, the recording bodies 53A, 53B are arranged on the arm portion 51 side. The case where it will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4A, the maximum displacement recorder 5 according to the third embodiment includes an arm portion 51 that is fixed to the first point 11a and projects toward the second point 12a, A receiving portion 52 fixed to the point 12a, a pair of recording bodies 53A and 53B that move in accordance with the relative displacement of the arm portion 51 with respect to the receiving portion 52, and a measuring portion for measuring the amount of movement of the recording bodies 53A and 53B. Are mainly provided with scale portions 54A and 54B.

  The arm portion 51 includes a support column 51a that is built perpendicular to the surface of the first point 11a, and an arm 51b that extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the support column 51a. .

  The receiving part 52 has a support column 52a built perpendicularly to the surface at the second point 12a, and an annular part 52b fixed to the support column 52a. The annular portion 52b has an inner hole formed in the center that is slightly larger than the outer shape of the arm 51b, and the arm 51b is inserted through the hole.

  And the 1st recording body 53A and the 2nd recording body 53B are arrange | positioned on both sides of the cyclic | annular part 52b. Here, the centers of the recording bodies 53A and 53B are perforated, and the arm 51b is inserted into the hole.

  The frictional resistance between the holes of the recording bodies 53A and 53B and the surface of the arm 51b is set so that the recording bodies 53A and 53B do not move except when pressed by the annular portion 52b.

  Then, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated is recorded by the first recording body 53A. On the other hand, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach is recorded by the second recording body 53B.

  The scale portions 54A and 54B are attached along the side surface or the upper surface of the arm 51b. The first scale portion 54A is extended in the moving direction of the recording body 53A (the direction from the first point 11a toward the second point 12a) so that the movement amount of the first recording body 53A can be measured. The On the other hand, the second scale portion 54B faces the moving direction of the recording body 53B (the direction from the second point 12a toward the first point 11a) so that the movement amount of the second recording body 53B can be measured. Stretched.

  Next, a method for recording the maximum relative displacement using the maximum displacement recorder 5 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, two points slightly apart of the measurement objects 11 and 12 for which the maximum relative displacement is to be recorded are set as the first point 11a and the second point 12a. And the support | pillar 51a of the arm part 51 is fixed to the 1st point 11a, and the support | pillar 52a of the receiving part 52 is fixed to the 2nd point 12a through the annular part 52b to the arm 51b.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4A, one side surface of the recording bodies 53A and 53B is brought into contact with the side surface of the annular portion 52b. At this time, the recording bodies 53A and 53B are at the 0 position of the scale portions 54A and 54B.

  When an earthquake or the like occurs in such a state and a displacement in a direction in which the second point 12a is separated from the first point 11a as shown in FIG. 4B, the second point 12a The receiving part 52 that moves integrally is also separated from the arm part 51 that moves integrally with the first point 11a.

When the arm portion 51 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 52 in this manner, the recording body 53A is separated from the first point 11a by being pushed by the side surface opposite to the first point 11a side of the annular portion 52b. Move in the direction. This relative displacement X _A recorded by the recording body 53A which moves to rub the arm 51b is gradually increased as long as the movement in this direction continues.

  When the displacement is reversed as shown in FIG. 4C, the annular portion 52b is separated from the first recording body 53A. At this time, the value that can be read by the scale portion 54A from the position where the recording medium 53A is left is the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4D, when a displacement in the direction in which the second point 12a approaches the first point 11a occurs, the first point 11a moves together with the second point 12a. The receiving part 52 also approaches the arm part 51 that moves integrally with the first point 11a.

  Thus, when the arm portion 51 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 52, the recording body 53B moves in a direction approaching the first point 11a by being pushed by the side surface on the first point 11a side of the annular portion 52b. To do.

This relative displacement X _B recorded by the recording body 53B which moves to rub the arm 51b is gradually increased as long as the movement in this direction continues. When the displacement is reversed, the annular portion 52b is separated from the second recording body 53B and the recording body 53B is left as it is. The value that can be read by the scale portion 54B from the position where the recording body 53B is left is the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach each other.

  As described above, when the arm portion 51 is inserted into the receiving portion 52 and the recording bodies 53A and 53B are pushed by the receiving portion 52, the recording bodies 53A and 53B are reliably moved as the relative displacement increases. Can be made.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Next, a maximum displacement recorder 6 of a form different from the above embodiment and examples will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or other examples will be given with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In the third embodiment, the case where the recording bodies 53A and 53B are brought into contact with the outer surface of the annular portion 52b has been described. In the fourth embodiment, the case where the recording bodies 63A and 63B are brought into contact with the inner surface of the receiving portion 62 will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the maximum displacement recorder 6 of the fourth embodiment is fixed to the first point 11a and protrudes toward the second point 12a, and to the second point 12a. A fixed receiving portion 62, a pair of recording bodies 63A and 63B that move in accordance with the relative displacement of the arm portion 61 with respect to the receiving portion 62, and a scale as a measuring portion for measuring the amount of movement of the recording bodies 63A and 63B. Mainly provided are parts 64A and 64B.

  The arm portion 61 includes a support 61a that is built perpendicular to the surface of the first point 11a, and an arm 61b that extends in a direction substantially perpendicular to the extending direction of the support 61a. .

  The receiving portion 62 includes a support column 62a that is built perpendicular to the surface of the second point 12a, and a cylindrical portion 62b that is fixed to the support column 62a. The cylindrical portion 62b is formed of a transparent material so that both end portions are closed and the side wall or the upper surface portion is visible.

  Inner openings 62c and 62c that are slightly larger than the outer shape of the arm 61b are formed at both ends of the cylindrical part 62b, and the arm 61b is inserted into the openings 62c and 62c. And the 1st recording body 63A and the 2nd recording body 63B are each arrange | positioned so that the inner surface of the both ends of the cylinder part 62b may be contact | connected. Here, the centers of the recording bodies 63A and 63B are perforated, and the arm 61b is inserted into the hole.

  The frictional resistance between the holes of the recording bodies 63A and 63B and the surface of the arm 61b is set such that the recording bodies 63A and 63B do not move except when pressed against the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 62b.

  Then, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated is recorded by the first recording body 63A. On the other hand, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach is recorded by the second recording body 63B.

  The scale parts 64A and 64B are attached along the side surface or the upper surface of the arm 61b. And the wall surface of the cylinder part 62b of the surface side in which the scale parts 64A and 64B were provided is formed with a transparent material.

  The first scale portion 64A is extended in the moving direction of the recording body 63A (the direction from the first point 11a toward the second point 12a) so that the movement amount of the first recording body 63A can be measured. The On the other hand, the second scale portion 64B is directed toward the moving direction of the recording body 63B (the direction from the second point 12a toward the first point 11a) so that the moving amount of the second recording body 63B can be measured. Stretched.

  And when an earthquake etc. generate | occur | produce and the displacement of the direction in which the 2nd point 12a separates with respect to the 1st point 11a generate | occur | produces, the receiving part 62 which moves integrally with the 2nd point 12a will also be 1st. The arm portion 61 that moves together with the point 11a is separated.

  When the arm portion 61 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 62 in this way, the recording body 63A is separated from the first point 11a by being pushed by the inner surface of the end portion of the cylindrical portion 62b on the first point 11a side. Move in the direction.

  On the other hand, when the displacement in the direction in which the second point 12a approaches the first point 11a occurs, the receiving portion 62 that moves integrally with the second point 12a also has the first point 11a. The arm unit 61 that moves as a unit is approached.

  When the arm portion 61 moves in the axial direction with respect to the receiving portion 62 in this manner, the recording body 63B is pushed by the inner surface of the end portion on the opposite side of the cylindrical portion 62b from the first point 11a side. Move in the direction approaching.

  As described above, if the recording bodies 63A and 63B are accommodated in the cylindrical portion 62b, there is a risk that the recording bodies 63A and 63B are displaced or moved except when the relative displacement between the two points 11a and 12a occurs. Can be reduced.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Next, an embodiment provided with a conversion mechanism for enlarging or reducing the relative displacement generated between the two points 11a and 12a will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or other examples will be given with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In Example 5, even when the magnitude of the relative displacement to be measured is very small, for example, several millimeters, or even when it is very large, such as several meters, the maximum displacement recorder 2 described in the above embodiment and Examples is used. A conversion mechanism for enabling use of 3, 4, 5, and 6 will be described. In the following description, the maximum displacement recorder 6A having a form similar to that of the maximum displacement recorder 6 described in the fourth embodiment will be described, but the same applies to the other maximum displacement recorders 2, 3, 4, and 5 described above. Can be applied to.

  First, the enlargement / conversion mechanism 7 as a conversion mechanism for enlarging the relative displacement generated between the two points 11a and 12a will be described with reference to FIG. The expansion conversion mechanism 7 is supported by universal joints 72 and 72 on the pillars 71 and 71 built at the two points 11a and 12a, respectively. Long joints 73 and 73 are connected to the universal joints 72 and 72, respectively.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6A, the diagonal members 73, 73 intersect at a position lower than the center and are joined by the hinge portion 74A. The hinge portions 74A and 74B are joint portions that allow the diagonal members 73 and 73 to rotate in the plane.

  One end of the horizontal member 75 and one end of the branch member 76 are connected to the upper ends of the diagonal members 73 and 73 via hinges 74B and 74B, respectively. Furthermore, the end of the arm 61 b of the maximum displacement recorder 6 </ b> A is connected to the other end of the horizontal member 75.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6B, the branch member 76 has two branch members 76a and 76a parallel to the maximum displacement recorder 6A side, and the cylindrical portion 62b is sandwiched between the branch members 76a and 76a. Connect with.

  When such an expansion conversion mechanism 7 is interposed, the hinge portion 74A is closer to the measurement objects 11 and 12 than the center of the diagonal member 73, so that the displacement between the upper hinge portions 74B and 74B is the lower universal joint 72. , 72 is greater than the displacement.

  Thus, when the expansion conversion mechanism 7 is interposed between the two points 11a and 12a and the scale portions 64A and 64B, the relative displacement of separation and approach between the lower two points 11a and 12a is amplified. It is transmitted to the upper maximum displacement recorder 6A. For this reason, even when the magnitude of the relative displacement to be measured is very small, for example, several mm, the reading accuracy is improved and the recording can be performed accurately.

  On the other hand, what is described with reference to FIG. 7 is the reduction conversion mechanism 8 as a conversion mechanism for reducing the relative displacement generated between the two points 11a and 12a. The reduction conversion mechanism 8 is supported by universal joints 82 and 82 on support columns 81 and 81 built at two points 11a and 12a, respectively.

  Long joints 83 and 83 are connected to the universal joints 82 and 82, respectively. And as shown in FIG. 7, the diagonal members 83 and 83 cross | intersect at the height position higher than a center, and are joined by the hinge part 84A. The hinge portions 84A and 84B are joint portions that allow the diagonal members 83 and 83 to rotate in the plane.

  One end of the horizontal member 85 and one end of the branch member 86 are connected to the upper ends of the diagonal members 83 and 83 via hinges 84B and 84B, respectively. Furthermore, the end of the arm 61b of the maximum displacement recorder 6A is connected to the other end of the horizontal member 85. The other end of the branch member 86 is connected to the side surface of the cylinder portion 62b of the maximum displacement recorder 6A.

  When such a reduction conversion mechanism 8 is interposed, since the hinge portion 84A is closer to the arm 61b than the center of the diagonal member 83, the displacement between the upper hinge portions 84B and 84B is between the lower universal joints 82 and 82. It becomes smaller than the displacement.

  Thus, when the reduction conversion mechanism 8 is interposed between the two points 11a and 12a and the scale portions 64A and 64B, the relative displacement of separation and approach between the lower two points 11a and 12a is reduced. To the upper maximum displacement recorder 6A.

  For this reason, even if the magnitude of the relative displacement to be measured is very large, for example, several meters, the measurement range can be expanded and recording can be performed reliably without increasing the maximum displacement recorder 6A.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  Next, a maximum displacement recorder 9 of a form different from the above embodiment and examples will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the description of the same or equivalent parts as those described in the embodiment or other examples will be given with the same terms and the same reference numerals.

  In the sixth embodiment, the maximum displacement recorder 9 provided with a reset mechanism 95 for returning the recording bodies 93A and 93B to the initial position (the position of the scale 0) will be described. In the following description, a maximum displacement recorder 9 having a form similar to that of the maximum displacement recorder 6 described in the fourth embodiment will be described. However, the other maximum displacement recorders 2, 3, 4, and 5 described above are used. Can be applied similarly.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the maximum displacement recorder 9 according to the sixth embodiment is fixed to the first point 11a and protrudes toward the second point 12a, and the second point 12a. A fixed receiving portion 92, a pair of recording bodies 93A and 93B that move with the relative displacement of the arm portion 91 with respect to the receiving portion 92, and a scale as a measuring portion for measuring the amount of movement of the recording bodies 93A and 93B. Units 94A and 94B and a reset mechanism 95 are mainly provided.

  The arm portion 91 includes a support column 91a that is built perpendicularly to the surface of the first point 11a, and an arm 91b that extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the support column 91a. .

  The receiving portion 92 includes a support column 92a that is built perpendicularly to the surface of the second point 12a, and a cylindrical portion 92b that is fixed to the support column 92a. The cylindrical portion 92b is closed at both ends, and a slit 92d extending in the axial direction of the arm portion 91 is provided on the upper surface.

  Inner openings 92c, 92c that are slightly larger than the outer shape of the arm 91b are formed at both ends of the cylindrical portion 92b, and the arm 91b is inserted into the openings 92c, 92c. Further, the centers of the first recording body 93A and the second recording body 93B are perforated, and the arm 91b is inserted into the hole.

  Then, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a are separated is recorded by the first recording body 93A. On the other hand, the maximum value of the relative displacement in the direction in which the two points 11a and 12a approach each other is recorded by the second recording body 93B.

  The scale portions 94A and 94B are attached along the side surface or the upper surface of the arm 91b. The wall surface of the cylindrical portion 92b on the surface side where the scale portions 94A and 94B are provided is formed of a transparent material.

  The first scale portion 94A is extended in the moving direction of the recording body 93A (the direction from the first point 11a toward the second point 12a) so that the moving amount of the first recording body 93A can be measured. The On the other hand, the second scale 94B is directed toward the moving direction of the recording body 93B (the direction from the second point 12a toward the first point 11a) so that the moving amount of the second recording body 93B can be measured. Stretched.

  Further, the maximum displacement recorder 9 of the sixth embodiment is provided with a reset mechanism 95 for returning the recording bodies 93A and 93B to their original positions (initial positions). The reset mechanism 95 includes return needles 953A and 953B that push the recording bodies 93A and 93B back to the 0 position of the scale portions 94A and 94B. The return needles 953A and 953B are connected to a linear reciprocating mechanism that is actuated by the electric motors 952 and 952, and the return needles 953A and 953B are moved in predetermined directions by pressing a reset button 951, respectively. .

  Specifically, when the reset button 951 is pressed, the return needle 953A moves in the direction of the first point 11a, and the return needle 953B moves in the direction opposite to the return needle 953A. After the return needles 953A and 953B hit the recording bodies 93A and 93B by this movement, the movement of the return needles 953A and 953B continues until the recording bodies 93A and 93B collide with the inner surfaces of both ends of the cylindrical portion 92b. This position becomes the initial position (position of scale 0) of the recording bodies 93A and 93B.

  The configuration of the reset mechanism 95 is not limited to this. For example, a configuration using an electromagnet is used, and when the reset button 951 is pressed, the recording bodies 93A and 93B are pulled back to a predetermined position and returned. You can also

  If such a reset mechanism 95 is provided, even if the maximum displacement recorder 9 is installed in a place where it is difficult to reach, it can be easily returned to the initial state and repeated measurement can be performed.

  Other configurations and functions and effects are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment or other examples, and thus description thereof is omitted.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment or example, and the design changes are within the scope of the present invention. Are included in the present invention.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment or example, the maximum displacement recorders 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6A, and 9 that record the maximum relative displacement in both the direction in which the two points are separated from each other and the direction in which they approach each other. Although described, the present invention is not limited to this, and a maximum displacement recorder that records only the maximum relative displacement in either the direction in which the two points are separated or the direction in which the two points approach each other may be used.

  In the above-described embodiment or example, the scale units 24A, 24B, 44A, 44B, 54A, 54B, 64A, 64B, 94A, 94B and the displacement meter 340 have been described as measurement units. In 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 9, the scale portion and the displacement meter can be arbitrarily selected.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment or example, the case where the maximum displacement recorders 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6A, and 9 are installed on the upper surfaces of the measurement objects 11 and 12 has been described. For example, by adjusting the magnitude of the frictional resistance so that the recording bodies 23A, 23B, 33A, 33B, 43A, 43B, 53A, 53B, 63A, 63B, 93A, and 93B do not move due to their own weight, for example. The maximum displacement recorders 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6A, and 9 can be installed on the vertical surfaces of the measurement objects 11 and 12 as well.

11a First point 12a Second point 2 Maximum displacement recorder 21 Arm portion 21c Projection portion 22 Receiving portion 23A, 23B Recording body 24A, 24B Scale portion (measurement portion)
3 Maximum Displacement Recorder 31 Arm 31c Protrusion 32 Receiving 32c Groove 33A, 33B Recording Body 340 Displacement Meter (Measurement Unit)
4 Maximum displacement recorder 41 Arm part 41c Protrusion part 42 Receiving part 42b Tube parts 43A, 43B Recording bodies 44A, 44B Scale part (measurement part)
5 Maximum Displacement Recorder 51 Arm 52 Receiving 52b Annular 53A, 53B Recording 54A, 54B Scale (Measurement)
6, 6A Maximum displacement recorder 61 Arm portion 62 Receiving portion 62b Tube portion 63A, 63B Recording body 64A, 64B Scale portion (measurement portion)
7 Enlargement conversion mechanism (conversion mechanism)
8 Reduction conversion mechanism (conversion mechanism)
9 Maximum displacement recorder 91 Arm portion 92 Receiving portion 92b Tube portions 93A, 93B Recording bodies 94A, 94B Scale portion (measurement portion)
95 Reset mechanism X _A relative displacement X _B relative displacement

Claims (2)

The maximum relative displacement of both directions of approaching and direction between two points is spaced a maximum displacement recorder for recording,
An arm portion fixed to the first point and projecting toward the second point;
A receiving portion that is fixed to the second point and is installed in a state that does not hinder the axial movement of the arm portion;
A recording body that moves with relative displacement of the arm portion with respect to the receiving portion;
A measuring unit for measuring the amount of movement of the recording body,
The arm portion has a cylindrical main body , a rod-shaped tip arm, and a protrusion provided at the end of the tip arm, and the receiving portion is a cylindrical transparent material having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the main body. And the arm portion is inserted into the receiving portion,
The recording body is a pair arranged with the protrusion interposed therebetween, and the first recording body records the maximum relative displacement in the separating direction, and the second recording body approaches the approach. Record the maximum relative displacement in the direction,
The tip arm is inserted in a state where a gap is secured in the central hole of the first recording body, and the first and second recording bodies have a gap between the inner surface of the receiving portion. A maximum displacement recorder that is moved by being pushed by a protrusion . The maximum displacement recorder according to claim 1, wherein the arm portion and the receiving portion are connected to the respective points via universal joints.