JP6145914B2 - Separation method of foreign materials mixed soil - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a foreign matter mixed soil sorting method for separating foreign matter mixed earth and sand such as dredged soil and sand mixed with foreign matters such as dust and wood pieces into foreign matter and reusable sand and the like.

  When dredging is carried out in a water area where a lot of foreign matter such as dust and bark has accumulated on the bottom of the water, the dredged sand contains a lot of foreign matter such as dust and bark. In order to regenerate, it is necessary to separate the dredged sand mixed with the foreign matter into sand or the like and foreign matter such as dust or wood pieces and remove the foreign matter.

  Conventionally, as a method for separating such earth and sand from foreign matter, a separation method using a filtration device (see, for example, Patent Document 1), and the box while stirring the dredged earth and sand in the box installed at the bottom of the water. A method of sucking the earth and sand with a sand pump, passing the sucked earth and sand through a screen and taking out only the sand (see, for example, Patent Document 2), and separating using the specific gravity difference between sand contained in dredged earth and foreign matter (For example, refer to Patent Document 3).

  In addition, foreign matter contained in dredged soil has a high possibility that mud or silt with high viscosity will stick, and it is difficult to remove only foreign matter. Employs a method in which a jet water stream is sprayed toward a foreign substance, thereby removing mud and silt stuck to the foreign substance (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-137910 JP 2005-163364 A JP 2002-254063 A JP 2005-279454 A

  However, dredged soil contains foreign materials with different sizes and specific gravities, such as wood chips, garbage, wires, and other illegally dumped items. The conventional technology as described above sufficiently separates dredged soil from foreign materials and sediment. Therefore, in addition to the separation work as described above, separation by human power may be required, which increases the work time and work cost, and reduces the separation accuracy of foreign matter. There was a fear.

  On the other hand, in the method using the jet water flow as described above, the position adjustment of the jet injection nozzle is complicated, and in some cases, it is necessary to land the foreign matter and work on land. There was a problem of taking time.

  Furthermore, in such a method using a jet water flow, when the work is carried out underwater, the jet water flow scatters mud and silt stuck to foreign matter and winds up surrounding soil and thereby pollutes the surrounding water area. There was a risk of causing.

  Therefore, in view of such a conventional problem, the present invention provides a method for separating foreign matter mixed earth and sand that can efficiently separate dredged earth and sand into foreign matters such as wood chips and dust and reusable earth and sand. It was made as a purpose.

The feature of the invention described in claim 1 for solving the conventional problems as described above is that a bottomed cylindrical earth-and-sand separation basket having a transmission portion made of a net-like material and the earth-and-sand separation basket can be moved up and down. The earth and sand separation device provided with a vertical movement device supported on the earth and sand, and the earth and sand mixed with foreign matter was put into the earth and sand separation basket, and the bottom of the earth and sand separation basket was set to a position exposed on the water surface. The earth-and-sand separation basket is repeatedly moved by the vertical movement device between an upper limit position and a lower-limit position set in water, and the earth and sand mixed with the foreign substances are converted into foreign substances and earth and sand using the water flow accompanying the movement. While separating, only the separated earth and sand is dropped to the bottom of the water through the permeation section, and then the foreign substance mixed earth and sand separating method is used to remove the foreign substances remaining in the earth and sand separating basket.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of the first aspect, a swirling blade member is provided at an outer peripheral portion of the earth and sand separating basket with a space in a cylindrical circumferential direction, and the swirling blade member is The earth and sand separating slag is rotated around the center axis of the cylinder by receiving a water flow accompanying the vertical movement of the earth and sand separating slag.

The feature of the invention of claim 3 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1 or 2 , a crane device is used for the vertical movement device, and the middle of the wire fed from the jib of the crane device or the earth and sand separating dredger The connecting portion between the suspension member that holds and supports the wire and the wire is provided with a universal connection member including a pair of rotation members that are rotatably connected to each other around the wire axis.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of any one of the first to third aspects , a cylindrical anti-pollution frame that is opened up and down with the upper end protruding above the water is installed in the water. The lower limit position is set in the pollution prevention frame.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the fourth aspect, a cylindrical antifouling film is provided in a lower part of the antifouling frame so that a lower edge settles on the water bottom.

  As described above, the method for separating foreign matter-mixed earth and sand according to the present invention includes a bottomed cylindrical earth-and-sand separation basket having a transmission portion made of a net-like material, and vertical movement that supports the earth-and-sand separation basket so as to be movable up and down A soil separation device equipped with a device, and the soil and sand separating slag are put into the soil separating slag, the soil separation slag is set to a desired upper limit position and the lower limit set by the vertical movement device Moving between the positions, using the water flow associated with the movement to separate the soil mixed with foreign matter into foreign matter and soil, while dropping only the separated soil into the bottom of the water through the permeation part, Thereafter, by removing the foreign matter remaining in the earth and sand separation basket, the earth and sand in which the foreign matter is mixed can be efficiently separated into foreign matter and earth and sand.

  Further, in the present invention, by setting the upper limit position to a position where the bottom of the earth and sand separating basin is exposed on the water surface, the earth and sand separating ridge passes through the water surface every time it moves up and down, and the impact at that time A high separation effect can be obtained by acting on earth and sand mixed with foreign matters.

  Further, in the present invention, a swirl vane member is provided at an outer peripheral portion of the earth and sand separating ridge at intervals in the cylinder circumferential direction, and the swirl vane member receives a water flow accompanying the vertical movement of the earth and sand separating dredge. By rotating the earth and sand separating rod around the cylinder central axis, when the earth and sand separating rod moves up and down in the water, a swirling flow around the cylinder central axis is generated in addition to the water flow caused by the vertical movement, and a high separation effect is obtained. Can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, a crane device is used for the vertical movement device, and the connecting portion between the wire and the suspension member that supports and supports the earth-and-sand separation rod is suspended in the middle of the wire fed from the jib of the crane device. When a rotational force is applied to the earth-and-sand separating basket by interposing a universal connecting member composed of a pair of rotating members that are rotatably connected to each other around the wire axis, Wire twist can be prevented.

  Further, in the present invention, by installing a cylindrical pollution prevention frame that opens up and down with the upper end protruding above the water, and setting the lower limit position within the pollution prevention frame, Pollution due to scattering of earth and sand can be prevented.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, it is possible to prevent contamination of the surrounding water area at the bottom of the water by installing a cylindrical anti-pollution film so that the lower edge bottoms on the bottom of the water.

It is a side view which shows an example of the sorting apparatus used for the classification method of the foreign material mixed earth and sand which concerns on this invention. (A) is a top view which shows an example of the soil-and-sand separation basket same as the above, (b) is the front view. It is a perspective view of the earth-and-sand separation gutter typically shown in order to explain an operation of a blade member for rotation, (a) is a figure at the time of descent, and (b) is a figure showing a state at the time of ascent. (A)-(d) is a front view which shows simply each process of the classification method of the foreign material mixed earth and sand which concerns on this invention. It is a side view which shows another example of the classification device used for the classification method of the foreign material mixed earth and sand which concerns on this invention. It is a top view same as the above.

  Next, an embodiment of the foreign matter mixed earth and sand sorting method according to the present invention will be described based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of the state of use of the earth and sand sorting apparatus 1 used in the method of the present invention. In the figure, symbol A is a water bottom, symbol B is a water surface, and symbol C is a quay.

  This earth and sand separation device 1 includes an earth and sand separating rod 2 having a transmission part made of a net-like material, and an up and down moving device 3 made of a crane device and the like. The earth and sand separating rod 2 can be moved up and down by an up and down moving device 3. It is supported.

  As the vertical movement device 3, for example, a crane device installed on a quay C as shown in FIG. 1 is used, and earth and sand are attached to the lower end of the wire 5 fed from the tip of the jib 4 of the crane device via a suspension member 6. The separation basket 2 is suspended and supported, and the earth and sand separation basket 2 moves up and down by feeding and winding the wire 5.

  Further, the vertical movement device 3 can control the vertical position of the earth and sand separating basket 2 by controlling the feeding amount and winding amount of the wire 5, and the feeding speed and winding speed of the wire 5. By controlling the above, the vertical movement speed of the earth and sand separating ridge 2 can be controlled.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the earth-and-sand separation basket 2 is formed in a bottomed octagonal cylinder shape having an earth-and-sand inlet 10 opened at the upper end, and the permeation parts 11 and 12 made of a net-like material on the peripheral wall part and the bottom part. Is formed.

  The earth and sand separating basket 2 includes an octagonal cylindrical bowl main body 13 that is opened up and down, and a pair of opening and closing lids 14 and 14 disposed on the bottom surface of the bowl main body 13. Is closed by the open / close lids 14 and 14 so as to be openable and closable.

  Although not shown in the drawing, the top surface of the earth and sand separating basket 2 is closed so that it can be opened and closed by the open / close lids 14 and 14 in the same manner as the lid or bottom made of a detachable mesh material, and foreign matter is scattered from the top surface opening. It is preferable not to do so.

  The eaves body 13 includes an octagonal frame-like upper frame 15 and lower frame 16 that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction, and a plurality of vertical beam members 17, 17... Connecting the upper and lower frames 15, 16. A frame is formed by combining a plurality of horizontal beam members 18, 18... Connecting the adjacent vertical beam members 17, 17, and an octagon is formed by supporting the steel peripheral wall mesh member 11 a on the frame. A transmission portion 11 is formed over the entire circumference of the cylindrical peripheral wall portion.

  In consideration of the buoyancy acting on the entire heel in water, the heel body 13 has a center of gravity located on the bottom side by attaching a weight (not shown) to the bottom, or by configuring the lower frame 16 with a heavy material. It is formed in such a way that it can maintain a stable posture even in water and can descend at a speed above a certain level.

  The mesh member 11a for the peripheral wall is formed with a mesh so that foreign matters such as bark cannot pass through and only earth and sand can pass through.

  A plurality of blade members 19, 19... For turning are provided at an outer peripheral portion of the earth-and-sand separating casket 2, that is, an outer peripheral portion of the cocoon main body 13 at intervals in the cylinder circumferential direction.

  Each of the swirling blade members 19, 19 ... is formed into an elongated plate shape with a steel plate or the like, and one side edge portion thereof is fixed to each side surface portion of the rod main body 13 formed in an octagonal cylindrical shape, and is outward. And is disposed in a state in which the surface of the turning blade member 19 is inclined at a desired angle θ with respect to the vertical direction. .

  The installation angle (attack angle) θ of the swirling blade members 19, 19 ... and the surface area of the swirling blade members 19, 19 ... are the set swirling amount, the vertical movement speed by the vertical movement device 3, and the environment of the working water area. It is set based on various conditions such as.

  The swirling blade members 19, 19... Configured as described above receive a water flow generated when the earth and sand separating basket 2 is moved up and down in water from the upper surface side or the lower surface side, and lift in the cylinder circumferential direction. Acts, thereby turning the earth and sand separating cage 2 around the center axis of the cylinder.

  That is, when the dredging descends, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), the swirling blade members 19, 19,... Receive the water flow from the lower surface side and the earth and sand separating trough 2 swivels counterclockwise to raise the dredging. Sometimes, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the swirling blade members 19, 19,... Receive the water flow from the upper surface side so that the earth and sand separating cage 2 swivels clockwise.

  The shape of the swirling blade members 19, 19... Is not limited to the shape as described above, and is formed, for example, in a wing shape having an asymmetric blade cross-sectional shape in the cylinder circumferential direction. Lifting force that causes a difference in flow velocity between the water flows in the cylinder circumferential direction separating the swirling blade members 19, 19.. It is also possible to obtain the above.

  On the other hand, a plurality of suspending tools 20, 20... Are fixed to the upper surface portion of the upper frame 15 constituting the main body 13. The lower ends of the suspension wires 21, 21... Are connected.

  The upper ends of the suspension wires 21, 21... Are connected to the wires 5 fed from the jib 4 of the crane via the universal connection members 22, and the earth and sand separation basket 2 moves up and down via the suspension members 6. The device 3 is suspended and supported.

  The universal connecting member 22 is composed of a pair of rotating members 23 and 24 that are connected to each other so as to be rotatable around the axis of the wire 5, and by interposing the universal connecting member 22, It is designed to prevent twisting.

  The opening / closing lids 14 and 14 are provided with frame bodies 25 and 25 each having an octagonal bottom surface portion divided into two, and a steel bottom mesh member 12a is supported in the frame bodies 25 and 25 by A transmission part 12 is formed on the bottom part.

  The bottom-surface mesh member 12a is formed with a finer mesh than the mesh of the peripheral wall mesh member 11a, so that foreign matter such as bark cannot be transmitted, and only earth and sand can be transmitted.

  Each frame 25, 25 has an outer edge parallel to the center line part butted against each other pivotally supported at the lower end surface of the bag body 13, that is, the lower surface of the lower frame 16. As shown in FIG. 2, the opening is made downward, and the opening / closing operation is performed by an opening / closing means (not shown).

  The opening / closing means is constituted by, for example, a wire connected to each of the frame bodies 25, 25, and is opened and closed by feeding and winding the wire.

  A method for separating earth and sand mixed with foreign matters (hereinafter referred to as foreign matter mixed earth and sand) 30 using this sorting apparatus 1 will be described below. In addition, let each position of the up-down direction of the earth-and-sand separation basket 2 in an Example be a height position from the water bottom surface on the basis of the lower end of the earth-and-sand separation basket 2.

  First, the crane device constituting the vertical movement device 3 is moved to the quay part C adjacent to the separation processing area partitioned into a desired water area, and a suspension member is attached to the lower end of the wire 5 fed out from the tip of the jib 4 of the crane device. 6 and the universal connecting member 22 are used to suspend and support the earth and sand separating cage 2.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the vertical movement device 3 is operated to place the earth and sand separating rod 2 at a desired earth and sand loading work position P0, and a backhoe 31 smaller than the earth and sand transport ship (not shown) at that position. The earth and sand 30 in which foreign matters such as wood chips are mixed is introduced from the upper end opening of the earth and sand separating basket 2 and the upper end opening is closed with a lid as necessary.

  Thereafter, the wire 5 is wound up by the up-and-down moving device 3, and the earth-and-sand separating basket 2 into which the earth and sand 30 mixed with this foreign matter is put up is raised to the upper limit position Pu shown in FIG.

  The upper limit position Pu is not particularly limited as long as the upper limit position Pu is located above the lower limit position Pd described later, but is preferably a height position at which the bottom of the earth and sand separation basket 2 is exposed on the water surface, and more preferably from the water surface. It is desirable to set the height position at a certain height.

  And after lifting up the earth and sand separation basket 2 to the upper limit position Pu, as shown in FIGS. 4B to 4C, the vertical movement device 3 controls the descending speed of the earth and sand separation basket 2 Then, the wire 5 is fed out to reach the lower limit position Pd installed in water.

  At this time, by setting the upper limit position Pu on the water surface B, the earth and sand separating basket 2 passes through the water surface, and the impact at that time acts on the foreign substance mixed earth and sand 30 in the basket through the transmission parts 11 and 12. The foreign matter 32 and the earth and sand 33 are separated by the impact.

  In addition, when the earth and sand separation basket 2 descends in water, a relatively upward water flow acts on the earth and sand separation basket 2, and the foreign substance mixed earth and sand 30 in the basket is stirred by the water flow, whereby the foreign substance 32. And earth and sand 33.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, the swirling blade members 19, 19... Receive a water flow accompanying the descent of the dredging, whereby the earth and sand separating dredger 2 is swung around the center axis of the cylinder. In addition to the upward water flow, the swirl direction flow acts on the foreign substance mixed earth and sand 30 in the basket, and the separation into the foreign substance 32 and the earth and sand 33 is promoted.

  Then, the earth and sand 33 having a large specific gravity and a small outer shape settles while moving to the center of the ridge, and further falls to the water bottom B through the transmission parts 11 and 12. On the other hand, the foreign matter 32, 32,..., Such as bark having a small specific gravity and a large outer shape, cannot pass through the transmission parts 11, 12, but stays in the earth and sand separation basket 2 or accumulates on the inner bottom.

  The lower limit position Pd is set to a height that is underwater and at a certain distance from the bottom of the water, and the separated earth and sand 33 passes through the permeation part 12 at the bottom of the earth and sand separation basket 2 to a desired position of the water bottom A. It is set to deposit without splashing.

  Then, when the lower limit position Pd is reached, the wire 5 is wound up while controlling the ascending speed in the order of FIGS. 4C to 4B, and the earth and sand separating rod 2 is reached until the upper limit position Pu is reached. To raise.

  At this time, when the earth and sand separation basket 2 rises in the water, a relatively downward water flow acts on the earth and sand separation basket 2, and the foreign-material mixed earth and sand 30 in the basket is stirred by the water flow, thereby The foreign matter 32 and the earth and sand 33 are separated.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when the swirling blade members 19, 19... Receive the water flow accompanying the rising of the dredge, the earth and sand separating dredge 2 is lowered around the center axis of the cylinder. A force that swirls in the opposite direction acts, and a flow in the reverse swirl direction acts on the foreign matter-containing soil 30 in the basket in addition to the upward water flow, and the separation of the foreign matter-containing soil 30 into the foreign matter and the sand is promoted.

  Furthermore, the bottom of the earth-and-sand separation basket 2 passes through the water surface, and the impact at that time acts on the foreign-material mixed earth and sand 30 in the basket through the transmission parts 11 and 12, and is separated into the earth and sand 32 and the foreign substance 33 by the impact. The

  Then, the earth and sand 32 having a large specific gravity and a small outer shape are separated and fall into the water through the transmission parts 11 and 12 and further settle on the bottom B. On the other hand, foreign matter 32, 32,..., Such as bark having a small specific gravity and a large outer shape, cannot pass through the transmission parts 11, 12, but accumulates and remains in the earth and sand separation basket 2.

  4 (b) to FIG. 4 (c) and FIGS. 4 (c) to 4 (b) are repeatedly moved up and down by the desired number of times in order, and the separation of the foreign matter 32 and the earth and sand 33 is sufficiently performed. When done, as shown in FIG. 4 (d), the vertical movement device 3 is operated to move the earth and sand separating dredger 2 onto the transport vessel 34 for removing foreign matter, and the opening and closing lids 14 and 14 are released at that position. Then, the foreign matter 32, 32... Such as wood chips remaining in the earth and sand separation basket 2 is reloaded onto the transport ship 34, and the series of separation work steps is completed.

  After the foreign matter in the earth and sand separating basket 2 is discharged, both the opening and closing lid bodies 14 and 14 are closed to close the bottom of the earth and sand separating bowl 2 and the state returns to the state shown in FIG. A series of sorting operations are repeated while moving through the work area.

  In the method of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a cylindrical anti-pollution frame 40 opened up and down with the upper end protruding above the water is installed in the water, and the lower limit position Pd is set to be polluted. After setting in the prevention frame 40, the above-described series of separation work is performed to prevent the earth and sand 33 discharged from the earth and sand separating basket 2 from passing through the permeation parts 11 and 12 from being scattered in the surrounding water area. It is preferable not to occur. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated to the structure similar to the above-mentioned Example.

  The pollution prevention frame 40 is formed in a cylindrical shape such as a cylindrical shape opened up and down with a steel material, and can be installed in a state of being floated in water with the upper end opening protruding above the water by the buoyancy adjusting means 41. Yes.

  The pollution prevention frame 40 is installed in the water with the upper end opening protruding above the water, thereby blocking the inside and the outside of the pollution prevention frame 40 and passing through the transmission parts 11 and 12 from the inside of the earth and sand separation basket 2. The discharged earth and sand are prevented from scattering into the surrounding water area, thereby preventing the surrounding water area from being polluted. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the example in which the pollution prevention frame 40 is an octagonal cylinder has been described. However, a cylindrical shape or other polygonal cylinders may be used.

  The buoyancy adjusting means 41 includes, for example, a cylindrical buoyancy adjustment tubular body 42 opened up and down, and supports the pollution prevention frame 40 inside the buoyancy adjustment tubular body 42 to thereby support the buoyancy adjustment tubular body. By adjusting the buoyancy of 42, the pollution prevention frame 40 can be installed at a desired water depth position.

  The buoyancy adjusting cylindrical body 42 includes a cavity 43 that can be sealed inside each peripheral wall constituting the cylinder, and the buoyancy of the buoyancy adjusting cylindrical body 42 is reduced by pouring and draining into the cavity 43. It can be adjusted.

  The buoyancy adjustment means 41 may be supported by a trolley or a float in addition to the structure supported by the buoyancy adjustment cylindrical body 42 as described above, and can be sealed within the peripheral wall of the pollution prevention frame 40. It is also possible to adjust the buoyancy of the pollution prevention frame 40 itself by providing a hollow portion and pouring / draining into the hollow portion.

  Further, in the method of the present invention, the pollution prevention formed into a cylindrical shape such as a cylinder or a skirt by a flexible mesh sheet material so that the lower edge of the pollution prevention frame 40 is attached to the bottom of the water. It is preferable to install the membrane 50.

  Thereby, the earth and sand 33 which fell under the pollution prevention frame 40 is interrupted | blocked by the pollution prevention frame 50, it can prevent that the earth and sand 33 scatters to a surrounding water area, and can prevent pollution.

  In addition, although the above-mentioned Example demonstrated the example which used the crane apparatus installed in the quay part C adjacent to the classification processing area as the vertical movement apparatus 3, when a classification processing area is installed in the offing, A hoist ship may be used as the vertical movement device 3.

A Water bottom B Water surface C Quay part 1 Sediment separation device 2 Sediment separation cage 3 Vertical movement device 4 Jib 5 Wire 6 Lifting member 10 Sediment inlet 11, 12 Transmission part 13 Sag body 14 Opening lid 15 Upper frame 16 Lower frame 17 Vertical beam member 18 Horizontal beam member 19 Swivel blade member 20 Suspension tool 21 Suspension wire 22 Swivel connecting member 23, 24 Rotating member 30 Foreign matter mixed earth and sand 31 Backhoe 32 Foreign matter 33 Earth and sand 34 Foreign matter carrier 40 Contamination prevention frame 41 Buoyancy adjustment means 42 Buoyancy Adjustment cylinder 50 Pollution prevention membrane

Claims (5)

Using a sediment separating apparatus comprising a bottomed cylindrical earth-and-sand separating basket having a transmission part made of a net-like material, and a vertical movement device that supports the earth-and-sand separating basket so as to be movable up and down,
The earth and sand mixed with foreign matter is put into the earth and sand separation basket, and the vertical movement is performed between an upper limit position set at a position where the bottom of the earth and sand separation tank is exposed on the water surface and a lower limit position set in water. Repeating the movement of the earth and sand separating slag by the apparatus , and separating the earth and sand mixed with the foreign matter into the foreign substance and the earth and sand using the water flow accompanying the movement, only the separated earth and sand through the permeation part And then removing the foreign matter remaining in the earth-and-sand separation basket. The earth-and-sand separation basket is provided with a swirling blade member at an outer peripheral portion of the earth-and-sand separating bowl at intervals in the cylinder circumferential direction, and the swirling blade member receives a water flow accompanying the vertical movement of the earth-and-sand separating bowl. The method for separating foreign matter-mixed earth and sand according to claim 1 , wherein the rotating around the central axis of the cylinder. A crane device is used for the vertical movement device, and the wire is fed from the jib of the crane device, or the suspension member for supporting the earth and sand separating rod is suspended and connected to the connecting portion of the wire around the wire axis. The method for separating foreign matter-mixed earth and sand according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a freely connecting member comprising a pair of rotating members rotatably connected is interposed. It was placed in a state of protruding on the water the tubular pollution frame which is opened up and down an upper end in the water, according to the lower limit position to any one of claims 1 to 3, set in the pollution control frame Separation method of foreign matter mixed earth and sand. The method for separating foreign matter mixed earth and sand according to claim 4 , wherein a cylindrical anti-pollution film is installed at a lower part of the anti-contamination frame so that a lower edge is attached to the bottom of the water.

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