JP6144518B2 - Tillage work machine - Google Patents
Tillage work machine Download PDFInfo
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- JP6144518B2 JP6144518B2 JP2013072319A JP2013072319A JP6144518B2 JP 6144518 B2 JP6144518 B2 JP 6144518B2 JP 2013072319 A JP2013072319 A JP 2013072319A JP 2013072319 A JP2013072319 A JP 2013072319A JP 6144518 B2 JP6144518 B2 JP 6144518B2
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- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 48
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Description
本発明は、反転耕起を行って作物生育域土壌の風化を促進して有効な作物生育土壌を形成できる耕起作業機に関する。 The present invention relates to a tilling work machine capable of forming an effective crop-growing soil by performing reverse tillage to promote weathering of the crop-growing region soil.
従来、例えば、米の収量を増加させるには、土を深く耕して稲が生育しやすいように有効な土の量を増やす必要がある。深耕と同時に反転させて、太陽光や風により土を乾かすと、稲の好む地力チッソが発生し養分の保有量が増えて養分供給が持続することや、深耕により透水性を助け根の張る範囲が拡大されることが知られている。また、野菜等の栽培においても同様で、圃場の深耕や反転により耕土を空気にさらすことによって土の風化を進め、作物の残り株や堆肥などの分解を促進するとともに、土壌微生物もよく繁殖し、土壌の団粒化も進んで根の生育にとって有効とされている。このようなことから、プラウ耕や犂などにより深耕反転を行うことが行われている。例えば、特開昭５９−１３５８０２号公報（従来技術１）、特開昭５９−１４３５０１号公報（従来技術２）、特開２００４−２２９５７４号公報（従来技術３）に記載の耕起作業機が公知である。 Conventionally, for example, in order to increase the yield of rice, it is necessary to increase the amount of effective soil so that rice can be easily grown by deeply plowing the soil. Inverting at the same time as deep plowing and drying the soil with sunlight and wind will generate a geological chisso that rice prefers, increasing the amount of nutrients retained and sustaining nutrient supply, and deep plowing to help permeability and root Is known to be magnified. The same applies to the cultivation of vegetables, etc., by promoting soil weathering by exposing the soil to air by deep plowing and inversion of the field, promoting the decomposition of remaining crops and compost, and soil microorganisms also propagate well. Soil agglomeration has also progressed and is effective for root growth. For this reason, deep plowing reversal is performed by plow plowing, plowing, or the like. For example, a tilling work machine described in JP-A-59-135802 (conventional technology 1), JP-A-59-143501 (conventional technology 2), or JP-A-2004-229574 (conventional technology 3) is disclosed. It is known.
従来技術の様なプラウ耕や犂などにより深耕反転を行う場合、下方にある土壌と上方の土壌を上下反転することができるが、反転後の土を乾燥させるための空気に触れる表面積が十分とは言えない問題がある。また、耕耘後の圃場は凹凸が大きくなり、乾燥後の砕土均平作業が容易に行えないことや、耕耘跡に溝状の開放口が形成される等圃場の土の移動する量が多いため、圃場の均平性を維持するには作業に熟練を要するなどの問題がある。また、水田等の比較的浅い耕盤を壊さずに作業するのには不向きで適さない問題がある。さらに、乾燥後の砕土均平作業には、別な作業機による作業が必要となり、経済的にも負担が大きいため、作業の必要性は理解しているが、この様な作業があまり行われていないのが現状である。 When deep plowing reversal is performed by plow plowing or plowing as in the prior art, the lower soil and the upper soil can be flipped up and down, but there is enough surface area to touch the air to dry the soil after reversal There is a problem that cannot be said. In addition, the field after plowing has large irregularities, so that the soil leveling work after drying is not easily performed, and the amount of soil movement in the field is large, such as the formation of a groove-shaped opening in the plowing trace. In order to maintain the levelness of the field, there is a problem that the work requires skill. Moreover, there is a problem that it is unsuitable and unsuitable for working without breaking a relatively shallow cultivator such as paddy fields. In addition, the soil leveling work after drying requires work with a separate work machine, which is economically burdensome, so we understand the necessity of the work, but such work is rarely performed. The current situation is not.
従来技術１は、回転駆動する円盤状ローターにより土壌を切断し反転した土壌により平坦な広幅畦を成形して土壌を乾燥させることができる耕耘装置が開示されている。しかしながら、畦と畦との間には凹状の開口溝が形成されるため、後作業の均平作業が容易ではなく、ローターの回転駆動のための動力が必要であり、重量も重くなり大型のトラクタでの作業となる問題がある。従来技術２は、すき先とすきへらを左右に反転する双用すきの技術が開示されているが、プラウ耕と同じく耕耘跡に溝状の開放口が形成される等圃場の土の移動する量が多いため、圃場の均平性を維持するには作業に熟練を要するとともに、別な作業機による砕土均平が必要となる。従来技術３のサブソイリングディガープラウは、圃場にスリット状の空間を形成し、排水性を高めることはできるが、部分的な土壌の深耕と反転であり、作物成育域土壌全体の深耕と反転は行われず、作物の有効生育土壌を増やすことには効率的に有効ではない。 Prior Art 1 discloses a tilling device that can dry a soil by forming a flat wide ridge with the inverted soil after cutting the soil with a disk-shaped rotor that is driven to rotate. However, since a concave opening groove is formed between the eaves, it is not easy to perform leveling work in the subsequent work, and power for rotating the rotor is required. There is a problem that becomes work with the tractor. Prior art 2 discloses a double plow technique that flips the tip and peg to the left and right. However, as in plow plowing, a groove-like opening is formed in the tillage track, and soil in the field moves. Since the amount is large, skill is required for the work to maintain the levelness of the field, and ground breaking by another work machine is required. The sub-soiling digger plow of the prior art 3 can form a slit-like space in the field and enhance drainage, but it is a partial plowing and reversal of the soil. Is not effective and is not efficient in increasing the effective growing soil of crops.
このため本発明は、このような問題を解決すべくなされたもので、土の風化を促進して有効な作物生育土壌を容易に形成できる耕起作業機であるとともに、均平作業も行える耕起作業機を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and is a tilling work machine that can easily form an effective crop-growing soil by promoting the weathering of the soil, and can also perform leveling work. The purpose is to provide a working machine.
上記課題を解決するために、請求項１記載の耕起作業機は、トラクタに装着する作業機フレームと、該作業機フレームから下方に伸びる複数のビームと、該ビーム下方端部に取付けられている犂体とを備え、トラクタの牽引により耕起する耕起作業機において、前記犂体は、進行方向と平行且つ側面視前方が低く後上がりに傾斜した一つの回動軸芯を有した回動軸を介してビームにそれぞれ取付けられていて、該回動軸を中心に前記犂体は回動及び固定が可能であり、前記犂体が前記回動軸を中心に１８０度以上回動可能で、正面及び裏面を使用して耕起作業が可能であり、前記犂体を任意の位置に回動してそれぞれ固定させることにより、右反転耕起作業状態と左反転耕起作業状態と畝盛り耕起作業状態と畝崩し耕起作業状態とに切換可能であることを特徴とした耕起作業機である。 In order to solve the above-described problem, a tilling work machine according to claim 1 is provided with a work machine frame attached to a tractor, a plurality of beams extending downward from the work machine frame, and attached to the lower end of the beam. in there a plow body, plowing work machine for plowing by traction of the tractor, the Scythians is parallel to the traveling direction and a side view front had one rotational axis which is inclined rearwardly upwards low dose be attached respectively to the beam through a shaft, the Scythian around the pivot shaft is capable of rotating and stationary, the plow body is rotatable over 180 degrees around the rotating shaft Thus, plowing work is possible using the front and back surfaces, and by rotating and fixing each of the rods to arbitrary positions, a right reverse tillage work state, a left reverse tillage work state, and a dredge Mori plowing work state and the ridge break can be switched in and plowing work state Is plowing working machine is characterized in that there.
請求項２記載の耕起作業機は、犂体を端部に設けたビームは、犂体を下方に位置させた作業位置と、作業機フレームに対し回動させ犂体を上方に位置させた被作業位置とに切換可能であることを特徴とした請求項1記載の耕起作業機である。 The tilling work machine according to claim 2 is configured such that the beam provided with the frame at the end portion is rotated with respect to the work position where the frame is positioned downward and the frame of the work machine and the frame is positioned upward. 2. The tilling working machine according to claim 1 , wherein the working machine can be switched to a work position .
請求項１に係る発明によれば、犂体は、一つの回動軸芯を有した回動軸を介してビームにそれぞれ取付けられていて、回動軸を中心に犂体は回動及び固定が可能であり、犂体を任意の位置に回動してそれぞれ固定させることにより、畝盛り耕起作業状態と畝崩し耕起作業状態とに切換可能であることにより、一つの作業機によって深耕反転耕起作業と畝を崩しての均平作業が可能である為、複数の作業機を必要とせずに経済的に負担が少なく、容易に作物の有効生育土壌を増やす作業を行なうことができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the casings are respectively attached to the beams via the rotating shaft having one rotating shaft core, and the casing is rotated and fixed around the rotating shaft. It is possible to switch between the plowing plowing work state and the crushing plowing work state by rotating the skeleton body to an arbitrary position and fixing it to each other. Since it is possible to perform reverse plowing work and leveling work by breaking the ridges, it is possible to easily increase the effective growing soil of crops without the need for multiple work machines and with less economic burden. .
請求項２に係る発明によれば、犂体が回動軸を中心に１８０度以上回動可能で、正面及び裏面を使用して耕起作業が可能であり、右反転耕起作業状態と左反転耕起作業状態と畝盛り耕起作業状態と畝崩し耕起作業状態とに切換可能であることにより、一台の機械により、容易に複数の作業の切換が可能であり経済的である。また、反転耕起方向が左右に切換できるため、複数組み合わせることにより、空気への接触面積の多い畝を容易に形成することができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the frame can be rotated 180 degrees or more around the rotation axis, and can be cultivated using the front and back surfaces. Since it is possible to switch between the inverted tillage work state, the heaping tillage work state, and the crushing tillage work state, a plurality of works can be easily switched by one machine, which is economical. Moreover, since the reverse tillage direction can be switched to right and left, a combination of a plurality can easily form a ridge having a large contact area with air.
請求項３に係る発明によれば、犂体を端部に設けたビームは、作業位置と被作業位置とに切換可能であることにより、作業状態の犂の数や耕耘反転方向を選択することにより多彩な作業が可能となる。また、低馬力のトラクタで作業する場合においても作業状態の犂の数を選択して牽引抵抗を調整して作業が可能となる。 According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, the beam which provided the frame at the edge part can switch the working position and the work position, and can select the number of the working state hooks, and the cultivation reversal direction. A variety of work becomes possible. Further, even when working with a low horsepower tractor, it is possible to work by selecting the number of rods in the working state and adjusting the traction resistance.
実施の一形態を、図１乃至図１３に基づいて説明する。本発明の耕起作業機１は、犂体４を複数設けて、犂体４を回動又は作業状態や被作業状態にすることで多様な作業が可能であるが、本実施の形態は、畝盛り耕起作業状態と畝崩し耕起作業状態の場合の実施例を説明する。 One embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. The plowing work machine 1 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of chassis 4 and can perform various operations by turning the chassis 4 into a working state or a working state. An embodiment in the case of the plowing tillage working state and the crushing tillage working state will be described.
耕起作業機１は、作業機フレーム２と、作業機フレーム２に取り付けられたビーム３と、ビーム３下方端部に取り付けられている犂体４によって構成されている。 The tilling work machine 1 includes a work machine frame 2, a beam 3 attached to the work machine frame 2, and a frame 4 attached to a lower end portion of the beam 3.
作業機フレーム２には、前方部にトラクタ３点リンク機構（図示せず）に装着できるように装着部が設けられていて、装着部は前方中央上方部にトラクタ３点リンク機構のトップリンク装着用のトップリンクピン孔２０及びその下方左右両側に同じくロワリンクへ装着するための左右水平方向に向けたロアリンクピン２１が設けられている。 The work machine frame 2 is provided with a mounting portion on the front portion so that it can be mounted on a tractor three-point link mechanism (not shown), and the mounting portion is mounted on the front center upper portion of the tractor three-point link mechanism. A top link pin hole 20 and a lower link pin 21 oriented in the horizontal direction for mounting on the lower link are also provided on the left and right sides of the top link pin hole 20.
装着部後方には、進行方向と直行する方向に水平に設けられた角パイプ状のフレームが前後に離間して２本設けられていて、このフレームにビーム３が下方に延設され取り付けられる。前方部が第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２で、後方部が第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３である。本例においては、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２及び第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３にはそれぞれ３箇所にビーム３が取付けられている。 Two square pipe-like frames horizontally provided in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction are provided behind the mounting portion, and are separated from each other in the front-rear direction. The beam 3 extends downward and is attached to this frame. The front part is the first beam mounting frame 22 and the rear part is the second beam mounting frame 23. In this example, the beam 3 is attached to each of the first beam attachment frame 22 and the second beam attachment frame 23 at three locations.
ビーム３は、図７に示すようにホルダー３０を介して第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２及び第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３に取り付けられ下方に延設されている。ホルダー３０は、板状のビーム３を左右方向から挟み込むように保持していて、ビーム３の上方端部に設けた左右水平方向のビーム回動ピン３００が係合するフック状の係合孔とその下方に離間して設けたビーム固定ボルト３０１用の孔が設けられ、ビーム回動ピン３００をフック状の係合孔に係合させビーム固定ボルト３０１用の孔にビーム３側の孔を重合させビーム固定ボルト３０１を挿入して締付け固定することによりビーム３はホルダー３０に取付けられる。ビーム３を上方に回動する場合は、ビーム回動ピン３００を回動中心として上方に回動させ、上方に設けたビーム固定ボルト３０１用の孔にビーム固定ボルト３０１を挿入して締付けて固定する。ビーム３を上方に位置させると被作業状態となる。 As shown in FIG. 7, the beam 3 is attached to the first beam attachment frame 22 and the second beam attachment frame 23 via the holder 30 and extends downward. The holder 30 holds the plate-like beam 3 so as to be sandwiched from the left and right directions, and has hook-like engagement holes with which the left and right horizontal beam rotation pins 300 provided at the upper end of the beam 3 are engaged. A hole for the beam fixing bolt 301 that is spaced apart below is provided, and the beam rotating pin 300 is engaged with the hook-shaped engagement hole, and the hole on the beam 3 side is overlapped with the hole for the beam fixing bolt 301. The beam 3 is attached to the holder 30 by inserting and fixing the beam fixing bolt 301. When the beam 3 is rotated upward, the beam rotation pin 300 is rotated upward with the beam rotation pin 300 as a rotation center, and the beam fixing bolt 301 is inserted into a hole for the beam fixing bolt 301 provided above and tightened to be fixed. To do. When the beam 3 is positioned upward, a work state is entered.
ホルダー３０の作業機フレーム２側への取付け部はビーム３取付け部前方側に設けられ、取付け部である第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２及び第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３に係合させる為の側面視下方が開放したコ字状の係合部３０４が設けられている。第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２及び第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３にそれぞれ係合部３０４を上方より挿入し、係合部３０４解放端側下方部を進行方向と平行に設けたホルダー固定ボルト３０３により締め上げて固定する。左右方向の取付け位置は、ホルダー固定ボルト３０３を緩めるとフレームに対し任意の位置に移動可能である為、ビーム３下方部に設けた犂体４の左右方向位置を調整することができる。 The attachment portion of the holder 30 to the work machine frame 2 side is provided on the front side of the beam 3 attachment portion, and a lower side view for engaging with the first beam attachment frame 22 and the second beam attachment frame 23 which are attachment portions is shown in the side view. An open U-shaped engagement portion 304 is provided. The engaging portion 304 is inserted into the first beam mounting frame 22 and the second beam mounting frame 23 from above, and the engaging portion 304 release end side lower portion is tightened by the holder fixing bolt 303 provided in parallel with the traveling direction. Fix it. Since the mounting position in the left-right direction can be moved to an arbitrary position with respect to the frame when the holder fixing bolt 303 is loosened, the position in the left-right direction of the housing 4 provided at the lower part of the beam 3 can be adjusted.
ビーム３下方端部には、犂体４取付け用の回動ボス３０２が固着されている。回動ボス３０２は、進行方向と平行且つ側面視前方が低く後上がりに傾斜した犂体４の回動軸４２を挿入可能な孔を有している。本例における傾斜角度は２２度に設定されている。 A rotating boss 302 for attaching the housing 4 is fixed to the lower end of the beam 3. The rotating boss 302 has a hole into which the rotating shaft 42 of the housing 4 that is parallel to the traveling direction and inclined forward and low in front view can be inserted. The inclination angle in this example is set to 22 degrees.
犂体４は、前方端部に掘削刃４０が、後方側に掘削土を誘導する撥土板４１が設けられ、掘削刃４０は平面視左右中央部にＶ字状に前方に突出した中央刃先部４００と中央刃先部４００から左右且つ後方に向け中央刃先部４００より緩い角度で傾斜した前方刃先部４０１を有し、正面視中央刃先部４００を水平にして左右の前方刃先部４０１は上方斜めに１５度以下に折れ曲がりを設けている。撥土板４１は中央部に前方に突設した前後方向の稜線部４１０から左右方向になだらかな凹部面を形成して前記前方刃先部４０１に連結されている。各掘削刃前端部は鋭角に加工されていて、掘削刃４０により掘削土壌に食込み掘削された土壌は撥土板４１の凹面部により左右方向に誘導され反転される。反転度合は、一般的なプラウによる反転度合より少なくして上方に盛り上げる効果を重視して凹面を形成して、牽引抵抗を少なくし全体の掘削幅を広くできるようにすると、作業効率が向上する。 The casing 4 is provided with a digging blade 40 at the front end and a soil repellent plate 41 for guiding the digging soil on the rear side, and the digging blade 40 is a central cutting edge protruding forward in a V shape in the left and right central portions in plan view. Part 400 and front edge part 401 inclined from the central edge part 400 to the left and right and rearward from the central edge part 400 at a gentler angle than the central edge part 400, and the front edge part 401 on the left and right sides are inclined upwards with the central edge part 400 viewed from the front. Are bent at 15 degrees or less. The soil repellent plate 41 is connected to the front cutting edge 401 by forming a smooth concave surface in the left-right direction from a ridge line portion 410 in the front-rear direction projecting forward at the center. The front end portion of each excavation blade is processed at an acute angle, and the soil excavated into the excavated soil by the excavation blade 40 is guided and reversed in the left-right direction by the concave surface portion of the soil repellent plate 41. If the degree of inversion is less than the degree of inversion by a general plow and the concave surface is formed with emphasis on the effect of raising upward, the traction resistance can be reduced and the overall excavation width can be increased, so that the work efficiency is improved. .
また、掘削刃４０の裏面側には、掘削刃４０の前端縁から前端縁がほぼ平行に後方に離間したフロントサポートプレート４４が貼り合わされている。フロントサポートプレート４４は、掘削刃４０とほぼ同形状に成形されていて、前方端縁は掘削刃４０側から後方に向う傾斜状に加工されている。フロントサポートプレート４４に続く後方には平板状のサポートプレート４５が前記撥土板４１の裏面に貼り合わされている。 In addition, a front support plate 44 is attached to the back side of the excavating blade 40 so that the front end edge of the excavating blade 40 is spaced substantially rearward from the front end edge. The front support plate 44 is formed in substantially the same shape as the digging blade 40, and the front end edge is processed to be inclined from the digging blade 40 side toward the rear. On the rear side following the front support plate 44, a flat support plate 45 is bonded to the back surface of the soil repellent plate 41.
犂体４中央部には、進行方向と平行な後方に突設した回動軸４２が備えられていて、前記ビーム３下方端部に設けた前記回動ボス３０２に挿入され、ビーム３に犂体４は取付けられる。回動軸４２を回動ボス３０２前方側から挿入して、後方の他端から端部を突出させ、突出部にストッパー４２１を挿入固着させて犂体４が前方に抜けないように保持する。回動軸４２は回動ボス３０２に対し回動自在に嵌合されていて、本例では３６０度回動自在である。 In the central part of the housing 4, there is provided a rotating shaft 42 that protrudes rearward in parallel with the traveling direction, and is inserted into the rotating boss 302 provided at the lower end of the beam 3. The body 4 is attached. The rotating shaft 42 is inserted from the front side of the rotating boss 302, the end is protruded from the other rear end, and the stopper 421 is inserted and fixed to the protruding portion to hold the housing 4 so as not to come out forward. The rotation shaft 42 is rotatably fitted to the rotation boss 302, and is rotatable 360 degrees in this example.
回動ボス３０２と回動軸４２の回動を固定する回動固定部３０５が設けてあり、回動固定部３０５を図１２及び図１３により説明する。図１３は図１２のＸ−Ｘ断面を示す。回動軸４２には、軸芯と直交する方向の軸芯からオフセットした位置にＵ字状の固定ミゾ４２０が軸周方向に複数設けられている。一方、回動ボス３０２には前記固定ミゾ４２０に重合する位置に回動固定ピン４３が挿入される孔が設けられていて、回動固定ピン４３を挿入することにより、回動軸４２即ち犂体４の回動を固定することができる。挿入後回動固定ピン４３の突出した端部に抜け止めピン４３０を挿入して抜け止めを行う。 A rotation fixing portion 305 that fixes the rotation of the rotation boss 302 and the rotation shaft 42 is provided. The rotation fixing portion 305 will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 and 13. FIG. 13 shows an XX cross section of FIG. The rotating shaft 42 is provided with a plurality of U-shaped fixing grooves 420 in the axial circumferential direction at positions offset from the axis in the direction orthogonal to the axis. On the other hand, the rotation boss 302 is provided with a hole into which the rotation fixing pin 43 is inserted at a position where it overlaps with the fixing groove 420. The rotation of the body 4 can be fixed. After the insertion, the retaining pin 430 is inserted into the protruding end of the rotation fixing pin 43 to prevent it from coming off.
犂体４を畝盛り耕起作業状態とする場合、回動軸４２を中心に犂体４を回動させ、掘削刃４０を上面側に位置させ、片方の前方刃先部４０１の前縁が図６に示すような正面視略水平となる位置に固定する。掘削刃４０により掘削された土壌は図６に示す撥土板４１の左側半分により左側に移動反転され盛土される。撥土板４１の中央の稜線部４１０は正面視左側に傾斜した状態となる。土壌の反転を右側にする場合は、左右対称の右側位置となるように回動させ固定する。回動固定位置は予め回動軸４２に前記固定ミゾ４２０をこの角度となるように設けておくことで容易に変更固定することが可能となる。畝状に盛土を行う場合は、右側反転状態と左側反転状態とに回動した状態の犂体４を畝両側に配置して両側より盛土する。 In the case where the casing 4 is put into the plowing work state, the casing 4 is rotated around the rotation shaft 42, the excavating blade 40 is positioned on the upper surface side, and the front edge of one front cutting edge 401 is illustrated. 6 is fixed at a position that is substantially horizontal when viewed from the front. The soil excavated by the excavating blade 40 is moved and reversed to the left by the left half of the soil repellent plate 41 shown in FIG. The central ridge line portion 410 of the soil repellent plate 41 is inclined to the left when viewed from the front. When the soil is reversed on the right side, it is rotated and fixed so that the right side position is symmetrical. The rotation fixing position can be easily changed and fixed by providing the fixing groove 420 on the rotation shaft 42 at this angle in advance. When embankment is performed in a bowl shape, the chassis 4 in a state rotated to the right side inversion state and the left side inversion state is arranged on both sides of the cage and is embanked from both sides.
また、犂体４を畝崩し耕起作業状態とするには、回動軸４２を中心に犂体４を回動させ、掘削刃４０面が下方に向き、フロントサポートプレート４４が上面となる方向に回動させ、図９に示すように正面視犂体４が回動軸４２を中心に左右対称となる位置に固定する。畝崩し耕起作業状態の犂体４の側面視は図１０に示すように、中央刃先部４００面が回動軸４２の傾斜角度とほぼ同一となるように設けられている。畝崩し耕起作業時には、中央刃先部４００部が畝中央部に位置して掘削し、後方の左右に緩く傾斜したサポートプレート４５により、左右に土壌を崩して移動させ畝盛状の凹凸を平坦にする。畝崩し耕起作業時には、畝盛り耕起作業時より少ない反転量により土壌を耕起するように犂体４の形状と回動軸４２の角度が設定されている。犂体４の後方の回動軸４２下方部には、垂設され端面を前後方向に向けた板状のガイド体４６が備えてあり、下方端が耕起後の掘削面に当接するように構成されていて、耕起作業時の犂体４の耕起深さを安定させるためのものである。 Further, in order to collapse the casing 4 into a plowing work state, the casing 4 is rotated around the rotation shaft 42, the excavation blade 40 surface is directed downward, and the front support plate 44 is the upper surface. 9, the front view housing 4 is fixed to a position that is symmetrical with respect to the rotation shaft 42 as shown in FIG. 9. As shown in FIG. 10, the side view of the skeleton 4 in the state of crushing and plowing is provided such that the surface of the central cutting edge 400 is substantially the same as the inclination angle of the rotation shaft 42. During plowing and plowing work, the central cutting edge part 400 is excavated at the center of the heddle, and the support plate 45 that is gently inclined to the left and right is used to break up and move the soil left and right to flatten the rugged irregularities. To. The shape of the frame 4 and the angle of the rotating shaft 42 are set so that the soil is cultivated with a smaller amount of reversal than during the plowing plowing work at the time of the plowing plowing work. A plate-shaped guide body 46 is provided at the lower part of the rotating shaft 42 at the rear of the housing 4 and has an end surface directed in the front-rear direction, so that the lower end contacts the excavated surface after plowing. It is comprised and it is for stabilizing the tilling depth of the frame 4 at the time of tillage work.
次に本発明による耕起作業機を用いた作業について説明をする。本例の耕起作業機は前後に設けた第１ビーム取り付けフレーム２２と第２ビーム取り付けフレーム２３にそれぞれ三つの犂体４が取付けられていて、前後の組合せにより畝盛り耕起作業状態と畝崩し耕起作業状態とに切換が可能となっている。 Next, the operation using the tillage working machine according to the present invention will be described. The tilling work machine of this example has three rod bodies 4 mounted on the first beam mounting frame 22 and the second beam mounting frame 23 provided at the front and rear, respectively, and the tilling plowing work state and the hail are combined by the front and rear combinations. Switching to the crushing and plowing work state is possible.
先ず、本発明の耕起作業機１をトラクタの３点リンク機構に装着する。装着には、作業機フレーム２の前方部に設けた装着部の中央上方部のトップリンクピン孔２０にトラクタ３点リンク機構のトップリンクを、その下方左右両側に設けたロアリンクピン２１にロアリンクを連結して装着する。トラクタ３点リンク機構は、トラクタ側の操作により耕起作業機１を上下に移動可能である。 First, the tilling work machine 1 of the present invention is attached to the three-point link mechanism of the tractor. For mounting, the top link pin hole 20 at the center upper portion of the mounting portion provided at the front portion of the work machine frame 2 is provided with the top link of the tractor three-point link mechanism, and the lower link pins 21 provided at the lower left and right sides thereof are provided at the lower link pins 21. Connect the links. The tractor three-point link mechanism can move the tilling work machine 1 up and down by operation on the tractor side.
畝盛り耕起作業を行なうには、犂体４を畝盛り耕起作業状態にするとともに、耕起した土壌が左右から反転して畝盛状となるように、犂体４の左右の位置及び反転方向を設定する。犂体４を畝盛り耕起作業状態にするには、回動軸４２を中心に犂体４を回動させ、掘削刃４０を上面側に位置させ、片方の前方刃先部４０１の前縁が正面視略水平となる位置に固定する。右側反転と左側反転により回動方向を選択する。 In order to perform heaping tillage work, the carcass 4 is brought into the heaping tillage work state, and the left and right positions of the carcass 4 are arranged so that the cultivated soil is inverted from left and right to become heaped. Set the reverse direction. In order to put the rod body 4 in a pile-plowing working state, the rod body 4 is rotated around the rotation shaft 42, the excavation blade 40 is positioned on the upper surface side, and the front edge of one front cutting edge 401 is Fix it to a position that is almost horizontal when viewed from the front. The direction of rotation is selected by right side inversion and left side inversion.
本例においては、図１乃至図３に示すように前方側の第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２に進行方向右側に耕起土壌が反転する状態の犂体４を３箇所設け、後方側の第２ビーム取り付けフレーム２３には進行方向左側に耕耘土壌が反転する状態の犂体４を３箇所設けている。 In this example, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the front side first beam mounting frame 22 is provided with three chassis 4 in a state where the cultivated soil is reversed on the right side in the traveling direction, and the rear side second beam. The attachment frame 23 is provided with three skeletons 4 in a state where the cultivated soil is inverted on the left side in the traveling direction.
そして、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２と第２ビーム取り付けフレーム２３に取り付けられた、左方向に耕起土壌を反転する犂体４と右方向に耕起土壌を反転する犂体４が一組となり左右方向から耕起土壌を耕起反転させ、一つの畝盛を形成するように左右方向の犂体４の位置をビーム３が保持されているホルダー３０の固定位置を変更して調整する。 Then, the chassis 4 that inverts the cultivated soil in the left direction and the chassis 4 that inverts the cultivated soil in the right direction, which are attached to the first beam mounting frame 22 and the second beam mounting frame 23, form a pair. The cultivated soil is plowed from the direction, and the position of the horizontal frame 4 is adjusted by changing the fixing position of the holder 30 holding the beam 3 so as to form one ridge.
本例の場合、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２の進行方向左端の犂体４の掘削刃４０の前方刃先部４０１の右側前方端部と第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３の進行方向左端の犂体４の掘削刃４０の前方刃先部４０１の左側前方端部とが後面視略同位置となるように固定する。また、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２の中央部の犂体４は、前記第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３の進行方向左端の犂体４同士の回動軸４２中心が一致する位置に固定する。また、第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３の中央部の犂体４は、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２の中央部の犂体４の前方刃先部４０１の右側前方端部と前方刃先部４０１の左側前方端部とが後面視略同位置となるように固定する。さらに、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２の右端の犂体４は、前記第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３の中央部の犂体４同士の回動軸４２中心が一致する位置に固定する。第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３の進行方向右端の犂体４は、前方に位置する第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２の進行方向右端の犂体４の前方刃先部４０１の右側前方端部と前方刃先部４０１の左側前方端部とが後面視略同位置となるように固定する。 In the case of this example, the right front end portion of the front cutting edge 401 of the excavation blade 40 of the left end frame 4 of the first beam mounting frame 22 and the left end frame 4 of the second beam mounting frame 23 are excavated. It fixes so that the left front end part of the front blade edge | tip part 401 of the blade 40 may become a rear view substantially the same position. Further, the housing 4 at the center of the first beam mounting frame 22 is fixed at a position where the centers of the rotation axes 42 of the housings 4 at the left ends in the traveling direction of the second beam mounting frame 23 coincide. In addition, the housing 4 at the center of the second beam mounting frame 23 includes the right front end of the front blade edge 401 and the left front end of the front blade 401 at the center 4 of the first beam mounting frame 22. And are fixed so that they are substantially in the same position in the rear view. Further, the housing 4 at the right end of the first beam mounting frame 22 is fixed at a position where the centers of the rotation axes 42 of the housings 4 at the center of the second beam mounting frame 23 coincide. The housing 4 at the right end in the traveling direction of the second beam mounting frame 23 has a right front end portion and a front cutting edge portion 401 of the front cutting edge portion 401 of the housing 4 at the right end in the traveling direction of the first beam mounting frame 22. The left front end is fixed so that it is substantially in the same position in the rear view.
図３に示すように、後面視において、中央刃先部４００及び前方刃先部４０１により耕起底面が水平状に連結した状態となる。また、左右端に位置する犂体４がトラクタ（後輪)Ａの中央部から同寸法位置となるようにすると、牽引抵抗が左右均一となり直進性が良好となる。上記のように調整後トラクタ３点リンク機構を上下させ掘削刃４０を耕起土壌に貫入させ走行牽引して作業を行なう。耕起後の畝は二点鎖線で示すように、前方側と後方側の犂体４の畝内側へのそれぞれの耕起反転により、一工程で３本の畝盛が形成される。形成される畝は、より高くまた畝数が多いほど表面積が多くなり乾燥効果が良好となる。 As shown in FIG. 3, in the rear view, the tilled bottom surface is connected horizontally by the central cutting edge portion 400 and the front cutting edge portion 401. Further, when the housing 4 positioned at the left and right ends is located at the same dimensional position from the center of the tractor (rear wheel) A, the traction resistance is uniform left and right and the straightness is improved. As described above, after the adjustment, the tractor three-point link mechanism is moved up and down to allow the excavating blade 40 to penetrate the cultivated soil so as to run and tow the work. As shown by the two-dot chain line, the plow after plowing forms three rows in one step by reversing the plowing of the front side and the rear side peg 4 to the inner side of the plow. The higher the wrinkles that are formed and the greater the number of wrinkles, the greater the surface area and the better the drying effect.
畝盛り耕起後土壌を乾燥させた後に畝崩し耕起作業を行なうには、犂体４を回動軸４２を中心に回動させ、掘削刃４０面が下方に向き、フロントサポートプレート４４が上面となる方向に回動させ、図９に示すように正面視犂体４が左右対称となる位置に固定する。そして、第１ビーム取付けフレーム２２と第２ビーム取付けフレーム２３に取り付けられたそれぞれ中央部の犂体４を上方に回動して被作業状態とし、図５に示すように残りの前後に位置する犂体４が後方視それぞれ畝Ｂ中央となるように配置する。このときにトラクタ（後輪）Ａが溝部Ｃを通過するように配置すると、走行しやすく作業が安定する。上記のように調整後トラクタ３点リンク機構を上下させ掘削刃４０を畝Ｂ中央部に貫入させ走行牽引して畝崩し耕起作業を行なう。畝崩し耕起作業時には、畝盛り耕起作業時より少ない反転量により土壌を耕起するように犂体４の形状と回動軸４２の角度が設定されているため、耕起され左右に移動された土壌が溝部Ｃに落ちるとともに、溝部Ｃまで移動されなかった耕起土壌は犂体によって膨軟になるとともに空気が入り込み、凸凹状に盛土されていた圃場が平坦状になる。 In order to perform the tillage work after drying the soil after plowing and plowing, the frame 4 is rotated about the rotation shaft 42, the excavation blade 40 surface is directed downward, and the front support plate 44 is By rotating in the direction of the upper surface, as shown in FIG. 9, the front view housing 4 is fixed at a position where it is symmetrical. Then, the central housing 4 attached to the first beam mounting frame 22 and the second beam mounting frame 23 is rotated upward to be in a work state, and is positioned in the remaining front and rear as shown in FIG. It arrange | positions so that the housing | casing 4 may become the center of the cocoon B each in back view. At this time, if the tractor (rear wheel) A is arranged so as to pass through the groove C, it is easy to travel and the work is stabilized. As described above, after the adjustment, the tractor three-point link mechanism is moved up and down, the excavating blade 40 is inserted into the central portion of the ridge B, and the tractor is collapsed to perform the tilling work. At the time of plowing and plowing work, the shape of the frame 4 and the angle of the pivot shaft 42 are set so that the soil is plowed with a smaller amount of reversal than at the time of plowing plowing work. As the applied soil falls into the groove part C, the cultivated soil that has not been moved to the groove part C becomes softened by the skeleton and air enters, and the field that has been embossed unevenly becomes flat.
１ 耕起作業機
２ 作業機フレーム
２０ トップリンクピン孔
２１ ロアリンクピン
２２ 第１ビーム取付けフレーム
２３ 第２ビーム取付けフレーム
３ ビーム
３０ ホルダー
３００ ビーム固定ピン
３０１ ビーム固定ボルト
３０２ 回動ボス
３０３ ホルダー固定ボルト
３０４ 係合部
３０５ 回動固定部
４ 犂体
４０ 掘削刃
４００ 中央刃先部
４０１ 前方刃先部
４１ 撥土板
４１０ 稜線部
４２ 回動軸
４２０ 固定ミゾ
４２１ ストッパー
４３ 回動軸固定ピン
４３０ 抜け止めピン
４４ フロントサポートプレート
４５ サポートプレート
４６ ガイド体
Ａ トラクタ（後輪）
Ｂ 畝
Ｃ 溝部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tillage working machine 2 Working machine frame 20 Top link pin hole 21 Lower link pin 22 First beam mounting frame 23 Second beam mounting frame 3 Beam 30 Holder 300 Beam fixing pin 301 Beam fixing bolt 302 Rotating boss 303 Holder fixing bolt 304 Engagement part 305 Rotation fixing part 4 Housing 40 Excavation blade 400 Central cutting edge part 401 Front cutting edge part 41 Earth repellent plate 410 Ridge part 42 Rotating shaft 420 Fixed groove 421 Stopper 43 Rotating shaft fixing pin 430 Retaining pin 44 Front support plate 45 Support plate 46 Guide body A Tractor (rear wheel)
B 畝 C Groove
Claims (2)
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| US4024921A (en) * | 1975-10-30 | 1977-05-24 | Tibbs Ii Robert C | Field breaking and row plowing implement |
| JPS5791401U (en) * | 1980-11-26 | 1982-06-05 | ||
| JPS6034101A (en) * | 1983-08-04 | 1985-02-21 | 松山株式会社 | Cultivating method and apparatus |
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