JP6131130B2 - Battery temperature control device for hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a hybrid vehicle including two types of power sources having different characteristics, that is, an internal combustion engine and a motor generator, in which a battery that drives the motor generator or stores electric power generated by the motor generator is stored in a storage chamber. The present invention relates to a battery temperature adjusting device.

  In recent years, hybrid vehicles equipped with two types of power sources having different characteristics such as an internal combustion engine and a motor generator have been developed and put into practical use. In this hybrid vehicle, the driving forces of the two types of power sources described above are optimally combined depending on the situation, so that the advantages of each power source are utilized to compensate for the disadvantages.

  On the other hand, such a hybrid vehicle is provided with a battery that drives a motor generator or stores electric power generated by the motor generator. The battery is known to generate heat during charging and to generate heat when used to drive a motor generator, i.e. during discharge. And the battery is normally accommodated in the sealed battery storage chamber. For this reason, it is thought that the battery mounted in such a hybrid vehicle becomes quite high temperature.

  However, when the battery used in such a hybrid vehicle is at a certain temperature or higher, for example, 50 ° C. or higher, not only the performance is deteriorated but also the life is significantly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to cool the battery.

  Therefore, when the outside air is introduced into the battery storage chamber and the battery is cooled by the outside air (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or in the case of an electric vehicle equipped with an air conditioning device, the air conditioning device It has been proposed to directly cool or heat the battery (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-52-35023 JP-A-5-262144

  However, the battery usage environment also exists at the lower limit. That is, the battery cannot exhibit its performance unless it is above a predetermined temperature. For this reason, in order to start the vehicle efficiently when it is cold, it is necessary to heat the battery first. However, cooling the battery with outside air has a problem that even if the battery can be cooled, the battery cannot be heated. On the other hand, cooling or heating a battery directly by an air conditioner can be heated as well as cooled. However, since it is an electric vehicle, the air conditioner is connected to the battery because of the large heat capacity of the battery. There is a problem that the energy consumed for cooling or heating is relatively large.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a battery temperature control device for a hybrid vehicle that can cool or heat a battery without significantly consuming energy.

  The present invention relates to a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine, a motor generator connected to the internal combustion engine, and a battery that is housed in a battery housing chamber and that drives the motor generator or stores electric power generated by the motor generator. It is an improvement.

  The characteristic configuration is that the absorption liquid is heated by the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine to separate the gas phase to relatively increase the concentration of the absorption liquid, and the regenerator is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with the battery. A first condensing evaporator that condenses the vapor phase separated from the liquid to form a condensed liquid or evaporates the condensed liquid to form a vapor; A second condensing evaporator for condensing the separated gas phase to form a condensate or evaporating the condensate to form a vapor, a second condensing evaporator and a first condensing evaporator, The condensate formed by the two condensing evaporator is supplied to the first condensing evaporator, or the condensate formed by the first condensing evaporator is supplied to the second condensing evaporator, and the communication passage The decompressor provided and the gas phase fraction in the regenerator The gas phase is absorbed into the absorption liquid by bringing the liquid phase absorption liquid relatively concentrated by contact with the gas phase evaporated in either the second condensing evaporator or the first condensing evaporator. And an absorber that is relatively diluted, an absorption liquid circulation means that circulates the absorption liquid in a circulation path that connects the regenerator and the absorber, and a second condensing evaporator that separates the gas phase separated from the absorption liquid in the regenerator Or a gas phase switching valve that supplies one of the first condensing evaporator and an introduction switching valve that supplies the gas phase evaporated in either the second condensing evaporator or the first condensing evaporator to the absorber. It is in the place with.

  In the battery temperature control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle of the present invention, if the gas phase switching valve supplies the gas phase separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator to the first condensing evaporator, the first condensing evaporator is The gas phase is condensed to form a condensate. The first condensing evaporator can heat a plurality of batteries by exchanging heat with latent heat of condensation generated when the gas phase is condensed.

  On the other hand, if the gas phase switching valve supplies the gas phase separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator to the second condensing evaporator, the gas phase is condensed in the second condensing evaporator, and the condensate is It will evaporate in a 1st condensation evaporator. Then, the first condensing evaporator exchanges heat with the battery when the condensate evaporates, and takes heat of vaporization from the battery, so that the plurality of batteries can be cooled.

  The separation of the gas phase from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator is performed by exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine. As described above, in the battery temperature adjustment device for a hybrid vehicle according to the present invention, the battery is cooled or heated using the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the air conditioning apparatus that does not use such exhaust heat directly supplies the battery. As compared with the case of cooling or heating the battery, the battery can be maintained within a desired temperature range without significantly consuming energy.

It is a block diagram which shows the battery temperature adjustment apparatus of the hybrid vehicle of this invention embodiment. It is a block diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 which shows the state which heats a battery with the battery temperature control apparatus. It is a block diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 which shows the state which cools a battery with the battery temperature control apparatus.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the battery temperature adjusting device 20 of the present invention is mounted on a hybrid vehicle 10. The hybrid vehicle 10 includes an internal combustion engine 11 and a motor generator 12 connected to the internal combustion engine 11. The internal combustion engine 11 is provided in the front part of the vehicle 10, and the motor generator 12 is connected to the internal combustion engine 11 directly or via a clutch (not shown). The motor generator 12 is controlled by a controller 16, and the controller 16 is configured to optimally combine the driving forces of the internal combustion engine 11 and the motor generator 12 in accordance with the traveling state.

  Further, the hybrid vehicle 10 has a battery housing chamber 13 formed on the floor thereof, and the battery housing chamber 13 houses a plurality of batteries 14 that drive the motor generator 12 or store the generated power. . The battery temperature adjusting device 20 of the present invention used for such a hybrid vehicle 10 includes a regenerator 21, a first condensing evaporator 23, a second condensing evaporator 22, and an absorber 24.

  The regenerator 21 is a heat exchanger that is provided with a liquid-phase absorption liquid therein and heats the absorption liquid. The regenerator 21 is provided in an open space outside the vehicle. In order to heat the absorption liquid in the regenerator 21 by the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11, high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the internal combustion engine 11 (for example, 400 to 900). A part or all of the exhaust passage 11a through which the temperature (° C.) flows is configured to be able to pass through the inside thereof. Here, as the absorbing solution, a solution obtained by dissolving a halogen and an alkali metal compound in a solvent can be used. For example, examples of the absorbing liquid include an aqueous lithium bromide solution and an aqueous lithium iodide solution.

  When the absorption liquid is heated in the regenerator 21 by the high-temperature exhaust gas that is the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11, the absorption liquid boils, and the water vapor (gas phase) is separated from the liquid absorption liquid (liquid phase). Thus, the concentration of the absorbing solution is relatively increased. Then, the liquid absorption liquid is accumulated on the bottom side of the regenerator 21, and vapor-phase water vapor is accumulated above the liquid surface of the absorption liquid. Accordingly, the regenerator 21 is connected to the upper end 26a of a gas phase discharge pipe 26 for discharging water vapor (gas phase) at the upper portion thereof, and to the lower portion of the first supply passage 27 for discharging the absorption liquid having a high concentration. One end 27a is connected.

  The first condensing evaporator 23 and the second condensing evaporator 22 have the same structure, and the water vapor separated from the absorbing liquid is condensed to form a condensate (liquid phase water), or as such The condensate formed is evaporated again to form a vapor. Accordingly, the first condensing evaporator 23 and the second condensing evaporator 22 are connected by the communication passage 28 for guiding the condensate formed in either one to the other. The communication passage 28 is provided with a decompressor (capillary) 29, and is configured to guide the condensate formed in either one while reducing the pressure.

  When the first condensing evaporator 23 and the second condensing evaporator 22 condense the water vapor to form a condensate (liquid phase water), the condensing latent heat generated when the water vapor condenses is released to the surroundings. Composed. On the contrary, when the condensate is evaporated again to form a vapor, when the condensate evaporates, the heat of vaporization is absorbed from the surroundings and the surroundings can be cooled. Then, the second condensing evaporator 22 performs heat exchange with the outside air and releases the condensed latent heat to the atmosphere or absorbs the heat of vaporization from the atmosphere so that the second condensing evaporator 22 is exposed to the atmosphere. Is provided. On the other hand, the 1st condensation evaporator 23 is provided in the battery storage chamber 13 so that heat exchange with the battery 14 is possible. That is, the first condensing evaporator 23 has a battery 14 inside the battery housing chamber 13 so as to release the latent heat of condensation into the battery housing chamber 13 or absorb the heat of vaporization from the inside of the battery housing chamber 13. It is provided with.

  The gas phase discharge pipe 26 having one end 26a connected to the regenerator 21 is provided with a gas phase switching valve 31, and the other end is divided into two. One end 26 b of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 is connected to the second condensing evaporator 22, and the other end 26 c of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 is connected to the first condensing evaporator 23. The gas phase switching valve 31 selectively circulates one or the other end 26b, 26c of the gas phase exhaust pipe 26 divided into two into one end 26a of the gas phase exhaust pipe 26. The gas phase separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 21 is configured to be supplied to either the second condensing evaporator 22 or the first condensing evaporator 23 via the gas phase discharge pipe 26.

  The absorber 24 is a liquid-phase absorption liquid that is relatively concentrated and made highly viscous in the regenerator 21, and water vapor (gas phase) evaporated in the second condensing evaporator 22 or the first condensing evaporator 23. Configured to contact. Therefore, the absorber 24 is connected to one end 32a of a gas phase introduction pipe 32 for introducing water vapor (gas phase) into the absorber 24.

  The gas phase introduction pipe 32 is provided with an introduction switching valve 33, and the other end is divided into two. The other end 32 b of the gas phase introduction pipe 32 is connected to the second condensing evaporator 22, and the other end 32 c of the gas phase introduction pipe 32 is connected to the first condensing evaporator 23. The introduction switching valve 33 is configured to selectively circulate one or the other other end 32b, 32c of the gas phase introduction pipe 32 divided into two into one end 32a of the gas phase introduction pipe 32. The gas phase evaporated in either the two-condenser evaporator 22 or the first condensing evaporator 23 is configured to be supplied to the absorber 24.

  The absorber 24 is configured to absorb water vapor (gas phase) in the highly viscous absorbing liquid and relatively dilute the absorbing liquid to reduce the viscosity. One end 34 a of the second supply passage 34 is connected to the bottom side, and the other end 34 b of the second supply passage 34 is connected to the regenerator 21. The second supply passage 34 is provided with a circulation pump 36 that functions as an absorbing liquid circulation means. When the circulation pump 36 is driven, the absorption liquid diluted and reduced in viscosity by the absorber 24 is configured to be supplied toward the regenerator 21 through the second supply passage 34.

  On the other hand, the other end 27 b of the first supply passage 27 whose one end 27 a is connected to the regenerator 21 is connected to the absorber 24, and thus the first and second supply passages 27 that connect the regenerator 21 and the absorber 24. , 34 constitute a circulation passage for circulating the absorbent. In other words, the circulating pump 36 is configured to be able to circulate the absorption liquid in the circulation passage connecting the regenerator 21 and the absorber 24. Note that the first and second supply passages 27 and 34 constituting the circulation passage are depressurized from the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the absorption liquid heated in the regenerator 21 is boiled, the gas phase is separated and the concentration is relatively increased, and the absorption liquid whose concentration is increased is supplied to the regenerator 21.

  Next, the operation of the battery temperature adjustment device for a hybrid vehicle configured as described above will be described.

  First, the case where the battery 14 is heated will be described. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, the gas phase switching valve 31 causes the other end 26 c of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 to flow to one end 26 a of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 and is separated from the absorbent in the regenerator 21. The gas phase is switched to be supplied to the first condensing evaporator 23 via the gas phase discharge pipe 26. On the other hand, the introduction switching valve 33 switches the one end 32 b of the gas phase introduction pipe 32 to flow through the one end 32 a so that the vapor phase evaporated in the second condensing evaporator 22 is supplied to the absorber 24. Such switching by the gas phase switching valve 31 and the introduction switching valve 33 is automatically performed when the controller 16 that controls the motor generator 12 detects the temperature of the battery 14.

  In this state, the internal combustion engine 11 is started, and the absorption liquid is circulated in the circulation passages 27 and 34 connecting the regenerator 21 and the absorber 24 by the circulation pump 36. Then, the internal combustion engine 11 operates to release a relatively high temperature exhaust gas. The heat of the exhaust gas is exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11, and in the regenerator 21 through which the exhaust gas passes, the absorption liquid is heated by the exhaust heat. The heated absorption liquid boils in the regenerator 21 and enters a gas-liquid mixed state. Then, the liquid phase and the water vapor (gas phase) of the absorption liquid are separated from each other, and the concentration of the absorption liquid is relatively increased. The liquid-phase absorption liquid relatively concentrated in the regenerator 21 flows from the regenerator 21 to the absorber 24 via the first supply passage 27.

  On the other hand, the water vapor (gas phase) separated from the liquid-phase absorption liquid in the regenerator 21 flows from the regenerator 21 to the first condensing evaporator 23 via the gas phase discharge pipe 26 based on the differential pressure. The water vapor is condensed in the first condensing evaporator 23 to generate condensate latent heat and form a condensate (liquid phase water). The first condensing evaporator 23 releases the latent heat of condensation into the battery housing chamber 13 and raises the temperature inside the battery housing chamber 13. Thus, by raising the temperature inside the battery housing chamber 13, the plurality of batteries 14 housed therein are heated.

  The condensate condensed in the first condensing evaporator 23 then flows to the second condensing evaporator 22 via the communication passage 28 based on the differential pressure, and evaporates in the second condensing evaporator 22. The vapor phase evaporated in the second condensing evaporator 22 flows to the absorber 24 via the vapor phase introduction pipe 32. The absorber 24 has a concentrated liquid-phase absorption liquid, and comes into contact with water vapor supplied from the second condensing evaporator 22 to the absorber 24. Thereby, water vapor (gas phase) is absorbed in the absorber 24 by the concentrated and highly viscous absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid is relatively diluted to reduce the viscosity. The absorption liquid diluted in the absorber 24 flows to the regenerator 21 through the second supply passage 34, and is heated again by the internal combustion engine 11 in the regenerator 21 and boils.

  Next, the case where the battery 14 is cooled will be described. In this case, for example, the controller 16 that controls the motor generator 12 detects the temperature of the battery 14 and switches the gas phase switching valve 31 and the introduction switching valve 33. As shown in FIG. 3, the gas phase switching valve 31 circulates one end 26 b of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 to one end 26 a of the gas phase discharge pipe 26 and is separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator 21. The gas phase is switched to be supplied to the second condensing evaporator 22 via the gas phase discharge pipe 26. On the other hand, the introduction switching valve 33 causes the other end 32 c of the gas phase introduction pipe 32 to flow through the one end 32 a and switches the vapor phase evaporated in the first condensing evaporator 23 to the absorber 24.

  Then, in the regenerator 21 through which the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 11 passes, the absorption liquid is heated and boiled by the exhaust heat, and the water vapor (gas phase) separated from the absorption liquid is regenerated based on the differential pressure. To the second condensing evaporator 22 through the gas phase discharge pipe 26. The water vapor is condensed in the second condensing evaporator 22 to form a condensed liquid (liquid phase water) while generating latent heat of condensation. The condensate condensed in the second condensing evaporator 22 then flows to the first condensing evaporator 23 via the communication passage 28 based on the differential pressure, and evaporates in the first condensing evaporator 23. During the evaporation of the condensate, the first condensing evaporator 23 absorbs the heat of vaporization from the inside of the battery housing chamber 13 and lowers the temperature inside the battery housing chamber 13. Thus, by lowering the temperature inside the battery housing chamber 13, the plurality of batteries 14 housed therein are cooled.

  Thereafter, the vapor phase evaporated in the first condensing evaporator 23 flows to the absorber 24 through the vapor phase introduction pipe 32. The absorber 24 has a concentrated liquid-phase absorption liquid, and comes into contact with water vapor supplied from the first condensing evaporator 23 to the absorber 24. Thereby, water vapor (gas phase) is absorbed in the absorber 24 by the concentrated and highly viscous absorption liquid, and the absorption liquid is relatively diluted to reduce the viscosity. The absorption liquid diluted in the absorber 24 flows to the regenerator 21 through the second supply passage 34, and is heated again by the internal combustion engine 11 in the regenerator 21 and boils.

  As described above, in the battery temperature adjusting device 20 of the hybrid vehicle of the present invention, when the absorption liquid is evaporated by the relatively high temperature exhaust gas that is the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11 to obtain a gas phase, and the gas phase is condensed. The heat exchange with the battery 14 is performed by the latent heat of condensation generated or the vaporization heat absorbed when the condensate evaporates to heat or cool a plurality of batteries housed in the battery housing chamber 13. For this reason, compared with the conventional case where the air conditioning apparatus that does not use such exhaust heat directly cools or heats the battery, the present invention allows the battery to be in a desired temperature range without significantly consuming energy. It can be maintained within.

  In the above-described embodiment, the exhaust heat is used as the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11 that heats the absorption liquid. However, as long as the absorption liquid can be heated, the exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine 11 The heat generated by other internal combustion engines 11 is not limited to heat.

  In the above-described embodiment, the case where the controller 16 that controls the motor generator 12 detects the temperature of the battery 14 and switches the gas phase switching valve 31 and the introduction switching valve 33 has been described. The switching of 31 and the introduction switching valve 33 is not limited to the controller 16 that controls the motor generator 12. For example, another controller may detect the temperature of the battery 14 and switch between them.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the second condensing evaporator 22 for exchanging heat with outside air is provided so as to be exposed to the outside of the vehicle body and in contact with the atmosphere, but heat exchange with outside air is possible. If so, it does not need to be exposed outside the vehicle. For example, although the second condensing evaporator 22 is inside the vehicle body, it may be provided in a passage through which air outside the vehicle flows.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hybrid vehicle 11 Internal combustion engine 12 Motor generator 13 Battery storage chamber 14 Battery 20 Battery temperature control apparatus 21 Regenerator 22 2nd condensation evaporator 23 1st condensation evaporator 24 Absorber 27 1st supply path (circulation path)
28 Communication passage 29 Pressure reducer 31 Gas phase switching valve 33 Introduction switching valve 34 Second supply passage (circulation passage)
36 Circulation pump (absorbing liquid circulation means)

Claims (1)

An internal combustion engine (11), a motor generator (12) connected to the internal combustion engine (11), and the motor generator (12) housed in a battery housing chamber (13) or driving the motor generator (12) In a hybrid vehicle equipped with a battery (14) for storing electric power generated by 12),
A regenerator (21) for relatively increasing the concentration of the absorbing liquid by separating the gas phase by heating the absorbing liquid by exhaust heat of the internal combustion engine (11);
The regenerator (21) provided so as to be capable of exchanging heat with the battery (14) condenses the gas phase separated from the absorbing liquid to form a condensate or evaporates the condensate to form a vapor. 1 condenser evaporator (23),
Second condensate evaporation that is provided so as to be able to exchange heat with outside air and condenses the vapor phase separated from the absorbing liquid in the regenerator (21) to form a condensed liquid or evaporates the condensed liquid to form a vapor. Vessel (22),
The second condensing evaporator (22) and the first condensing evaporator (23) are connected, and the condensate formed in the second condensing evaporator (22) is transferred to the first condensing evaporator (23). A communication passage (28) for supplying or supplying the condensate formed in the first condensing evaporator (23) to the second condensing evaporator (22);
A pressure reducer (29) provided in the communication passage (28), and
In the regenerator (21), the liquid phase absorption liquid relatively concentrated by the separation of the gas phase, and either the second condensing evaporator (22) or the first condensing evaporator (23) An absorber (24) for causing the absorbing liquid to absorb the gas phase and relatively diluting it by contacting the evaporated gas phase;
An absorbing liquid circulating means (36) for circulating an absorbing liquid in a circulation passage (27, 34) connecting the regenerator (21) and the absorber (24);
A gas phase switching valve (31) for supplying the gas phase separated from the absorption liquid in the regenerator (21) to either the second condensing evaporator (22) or the first condensing evaporator (23). When,
An introduction switching valve (33) for supplying the absorber (24) with the gas phase evaporated in either the second condensing evaporator (22) or the first condensing evaporator (23). A battery temperature adjusting device for a hybrid vehicle characterized by

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