JP6120378B2 - Tank ventilation valve - Google Patents

Tank ventilation valve Download PDF

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JP6120378B2
JP6120378B2 JP2014231483A JP2014231483A JP6120378B2 JP 6120378 B2 JP6120378 B2 JP 6120378B2 JP 2014231483 A JP2014231483 A JP 2014231483A JP 2014231483 A JP2014231483 A JP 2014231483A JP 6120378 B2 JP6120378 B2 JP 6120378B2
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space
closing member
pressure
line
membrane
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JP2015096728A (en
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ティマー マルクス
ティマー マルクス
ベッカー シュテハン
ベッカー シュテハン
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0872—Details of the fuel vapour pipes or conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7758—Pilot or servo controlled
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7837—Direct response valves [i.e., check valve type]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)

Description

本発明は、請求項１に記載のタンクの換気用の弁に関する。   The present invention relates to a valve for ventilating a tank according to claim 1.

（特許文献１）に、燃料の脱ガス（ベント量）の増加に伴うタンクの漏れを診断するための方法およびデバイスが開示されている。このデバイスには、弁が設けられ、弁を通してタンクおよび／またはフィルタに新鮮な空気を供給することができる。   (Patent Document 1) discloses a method and a device for diagnosing tank leakage accompanying an increase in fuel degassing (venting amount). The device is provided with a valve through which fresh air can be supplied to the tank and / or filter.

独国特許第１０１ ２６ ５２１ Ｂ４号明細書German Patent No. 101 26 521 B4

本発明の目的は、改良されたタンク換気用弁を提供することである。   It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved tank ventilation valve.

本発明の目的は、請求項１に記載の弁によって達成される。弁のさらなる有利な実施形態は、従属請求項に示される。   The object of the invention is achieved by a valve according to claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the valve are given in the dependent claims.

上述した弁の利点は、フィルタ内の圧力に応じて弁の開放挙動に影響を及ぼすことができることである。これは、選択される実施形態によっては、弁をより迅速におよび／またはより大きく開放することを可能にする。   The advantage of the valve described above is that it can affect the opening behavior of the valve depending on the pressure in the filter. This allows the valve to open more quickly and / or more depending on the embodiment selected.

弁をより大きく開放することによって、閉止部材と封止座部との間に微粒子が堆積されないことが保証され、それにより、時間と共に弁が気密でなくなるのを防止する。   Opening the valve more greatly ensures that no particulates are deposited between the closure member and the sealing seat, thereby preventing the valve from becoming airtight over time.

一実施形態では、閉止部材は、フィルタへの供給ライン内の負圧に応じて開放プロセス中に補助される。さらなる実施形態では、有利には、開放プロセスを補助するために、フィルタ内の圧力が使用される。   In one embodiment, the closure member is assisted during the opening process in response to a negative pressure in the supply line to the filter. In a further embodiment, the pressure in the filter is advantageously used to assist the opening process.

さらなる実施形態では、開放挙動を補助するために、内燃機関の吸気管への供給ライン内の負圧に応じた閉止部材の開放挙動が使用される。したがって、閉止部材を開位置に移動させるために、より大きな力が利用可能である。   In a further embodiment, the opening behavior of the closing member in response to negative pressure in the supply line to the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine is used to assist the opening behavior. Therefore, a greater force can be used to move the closing member to the open position.

一実施形態では、弁が圧力空間を備え、圧力空間内に、この圧力空間内の圧力に応じて可動の作動手段が設けられ、作動手段の移動が閉止部材に伝達される。したがって、圧力空間の圧力と閉止部材との間の単純で確実な動作接続が設けられる。   In one embodiment, the valve includes a pressure space, and in the pressure space, an operating means that is movable according to the pressure in the pressure space is provided, and the movement of the operating means is transmitted to the closing member. A simple and reliable operating connection is thus provided between the pressure in the pressure space and the closing member.

一実施形態では、作動手段が、圧力空間を封止する膜の形態で設計され、膜が、ロッドを介して閉止部材に動作可能に接続される。これは、費用対効果が高く確実な作動手段を提供する。   In one embodiment, the actuation means is designed in the form of a membrane that seals the pressure space, and the membrane is operatively connected to the closure member via a rod. This provides a cost-effective and reliable actuating means.

選択される実施形態によっては、さらなる圧力空間が設けられることもあり、このさらなる圧力空間は、フィルタに接続される。このさらなる圧力空間は、第２の膜によって画定され、第２の膜は第１の空間に隣接する。このさらなる圧力空間内にスイッチが設けられ、第２の膜は、このさらなる圧力空間内で所定の負圧が生じた場合にスイッチを作動させるように設計される。   Depending on the chosen embodiment, an additional pressure space may be provided, which is connected to the filter. This additional pressure space is defined by the second membrane, which is adjacent to the first space. A switch is provided in this further pressure space, and the second membrane is designed to actuate the switch when a predetermined negative pressure occurs in this further pressure space.

選択される実施形態によっては、さらなる圧力空間が設けられることもあり、このさらなる圧力空間は、フィルタに接続される。このさらなる圧力空間は、第２の膜によって画定され、第２の膜は第１の空間に隣接する。第２の膜は、このさらなる圧力空間内で所定の負圧が生じた場合に閉止部材を開位置に移動させるように設計される。   Depending on the chosen embodiment, an additional pressure space may be provided, which is connected to the filter. This additional pressure space is defined by the second membrane, which is adjacent to the first space. The second membrane is designed to move the closing member to the open position when a predetermined negative pressure occurs in this further pressure space.

本発明を、図面を参照して、以下により詳細に説明する。   The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

フィルタおよび弁を備えるタンク換気システムの概略図である。1 is a schematic view of a tank ventilation system comprising a filter and a valve. 弁の第２の実施形態の概略図である。FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of a valve. 図２からの弁の部分詳細拡大図である。FIG. 3 is a partial detail enlarged view of the valve from FIG. タンク換気システム用のさらなる弁の一実施形態を第１の動作状態で示す図である。FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a further valve for a tank ventilation system in a first operating state. さらなる弁を第２の動作状態で示す図である。FIG. 5 shows the further valve in a second operating state. さらなる弁を第３の動作状態で示す図である。FIG. 7 shows the further valve in a third operating state. さらなる弁を第４の動作状態で示す図である。FIG. 7 shows a further valve in a fourth operating state.

図１に、タンク換気システムを概略図で示す。ここで、ライン（図示せず）を通して内燃機関に燃料を供給するタンク１１が設けられる。さらに、タンク１１は、例えば活性炭を充填されたフィルタ７に換気ライン１２を介して接続される。フィルタ７は、活性炭を使用して、気流から気体燃料をフィルタリングする。フィルタ７の燃料のための貯蔵容量は、限られている。したがって、フィルタ７を時折パージしなければならない。   FIG. 1 schematically shows a tank ventilation system. Here, a tank 11 for supplying fuel to the internal combustion engine through a line (not shown) is provided. Furthermore, the tank 11 is connected to a filter 7 filled with activated carbon, for example, via a ventilation line 12. The filter 7 filters the gaseous fuel from the airflow using activated carbon. The storage capacity for the fuel of the filter 7 is limited. Therefore, the filter 7 must be purged from time to time.

この目的のために、フィルタ７には、第１のライン２、弁１、および第２のライン３を通して新鮮な空気が供給される。新鮮な空気の流れは、フィルタ７を通して流れる。貯蔵されている燃料は活性炭から取り出され、供給ライン１５を通して内燃機関の吸気管に流れる。供給ライン１５は切替弁１６を含む。切替弁１６は、制御デバイスによる作動に応じて、開位置または閉位置に切替え可能である。吸気管内には負圧が生じ、この負圧は、切替弁１６が開くときにフィルタ７に伝達される。   For this purpose, the filter 7 is supplied with fresh air through the first line 2, the valve 1 and the second line 3. A fresh air stream flows through the filter 7. The stored fuel is removed from the activated carbon and flows through the supply line 15 to the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine. The supply line 15 includes a switching valve 16. The switching valve 16 can be switched to an open position or a closed position according to the operation by the control device. A negative pressure is generated in the intake pipe, and this negative pressure is transmitted to the filter 7 when the switching valve 16 is opened.

弁１は、第１の空間１７を有するハウジング２１を有する。第１の空間１７内に第１のライン２が通じている。さらに、弁１は第２の空間１８を有する。第２の空間１８は、制御開口１９を介して第１の空間１７に接続される。封止座部５は、制御開口１９を例えば環状に取り囲む。さらに、第２のライン３が、第３の接続ライン３５を介して第３の圧力空間３６に接続される。第３の圧力空間３６は、膜４６によって第１の空間１７から分離される。第２の空間１８は閉止部材４を含む。閉止部材４は、ばね６によって封止座部５の方向に予張力を付与されて、閉位置になっている。ばね６は、例えば螺旋ばねとして設計され、ハウジング２１の底部２０で支持される。閉止部材４は、端面に封止面５０を有する。封止面５０は、閉じた状態では封止座部５上に位置し、制御開口１９を閉じる。さらに、閉止部材４はスリーブ部分２２を有する。スリーブ部分２２は、封止状態において案内スリーブ２３内で案内される。閉止部材４は、片側で閉じたスリーブを成す。案内スリーブ２３は、底部２０まで延びている。閉止部材４と案内スリーブ２３が、案内空間４５を画定する。底部２０に接続ライン２４が接続される。接続ライン２４は、案内空間４５を供給ライン１５に接続する。接続ライン２４は、ある種のバイパスチャネルを成す。接続ライン２４と案内空間４５が、さらなる圧力に応じて閉止部材４を開位置に移動させるために閉止部材４に力を及ぼす手段を成す。   The valve 1 has a housing 21 having a first space 17. The first line 2 communicates with the first space 17. Furthermore, the valve 1 has a second space 18. The second space 18 is connected to the first space 17 via the control opening 19. The sealing seat 5 surrounds the control opening 19 in an annular shape, for example. Furthermore, the second line 3 is connected to the third pressure space 36 via the third connection line 35. The third pressure space 36 is separated from the first space 17 by the membrane 46. The second space 18 includes the closing member 4. The closing member 4 is pretensioned in the direction of the sealing seat 5 by the spring 6 and is in the closed position. The spring 6 is designed as a spiral spring, for example, and is supported at the bottom 20 of the housing 21. The closing member 4 has a sealing surface 50 on the end surface. The sealing surface 50 is located on the sealing seat 5 in the closed state, and closes the control opening 19. Furthermore, the closing member 4 has a sleeve portion 22. The sleeve portion 22 is guided in the guide sleeve 23 in the sealed state. The closing member 4 forms a sleeve closed on one side. The guide sleeve 23 extends to the bottom 20. The closing member 4 and the guide sleeve 23 define a guide space 45. A connection line 24 is connected to the bottom portion 20. The connection line 24 connects the guide space 45 to the supply line 15. The connection line 24 forms a kind of bypass channel. The connecting line 24 and the guide space 45 form a means for exerting a force on the closing member 4 in order to move the closing member 4 to the open position in response to further pressure.

図１によるタンク換気デバイスは、以下のように機能する。切替弁１６が開かれる場合、内燃機関の吸気管内の負圧が、供給ライン１５内の負圧を生成する。前記負圧は、接続ライン２４を通して案内空間４５に、また、フィルタ７および第２のライン３を通して第２の空間１８に伝達される。第１のライン２は、周囲圧に接続される。第１の空間１７と第２の空間１８との間、または第１の空間１７と案内空間４５との間の圧力差により、閉止部材４は、ばね６の予張力に反して、底部２０の方向に引っ張られる。このプロセス中、制御開口１９が開かれる。接続ライン２４を設けることによって、閉止部材４の開放速度を高めることができる。さらに、案内空間４５内の負圧は第２の空間１８内よりも大きく、したがって全体として、より大きな力が閉止部材４に作用する。したがって、閉止部材４は、接続ライン２４が設けられない場合よりも遠くまで封止座部５から下方向に引き離される。さらに、閉止部材４は、所定の開位置に移動される。この開位置は、好ましくは、制御開口１９を通してフィルタ７内に吸入される体積流とは無関係である。したがって、閉止部材４は、弁が開かれるときには常に、封止座部５から最小距離だけ離される。好ましくは、閉止部材４は、開放操作時に常に最大開放位置に移動される。   The tank ventilation device according to FIG. 1 functions as follows. When the switching valve 16 is opened, the negative pressure in the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine generates a negative pressure in the supply line 15. The negative pressure is transmitted to the guide space 45 through the connection line 24 and to the second space 18 through the filter 7 and the second line 3. The first line 2 is connected to ambient pressure. Due to the pressure difference between the first space 17 and the second space 18 or between the first space 17 and the guide space 45, the closing member 4 is against the pretension of the spring 6, Pulled in the direction. During this process, the control opening 19 is opened. By providing the connection line 24, the opening speed of the closing member 4 can be increased. Furthermore, the negative pressure in the guide space 45 is larger than that in the second space 18, so that a larger force acts on the closing member 4 as a whole. Therefore, the closing member 4 is pulled downward from the sealing seat 5 farther than when the connection line 24 is not provided. Furthermore, the closing member 4 is moved to a predetermined open position. This open position is preferably independent of the volume flow drawn into the filter 7 through the control opening 19. Accordingly, the closing member 4 is separated from the sealing seat 5 by a minimum distance whenever the valve is opened. Preferably, the closing member 4 is always moved to the maximum opening position during the opening operation.

図２は、タンクを換気し、フィルタ７をパージするためのデバイスを示す。このデバイスは、実質的に図１のデバイスに従って構成される。第２の（第２例の）弁２５が、第１のライン２と第２のライン３の間に配置される。第２の弁２５は、実質的に図１の弁１に従って構成されるが、閉止部材４は、プルロッド２６を介して膜２７に接続される。膜２７は、圧力空間２８を画定する。圧力空間２８は、第２の接続ライン３１を介して第２のライン３に接続される。閉止部材４は、両側で閉じられたパイプとして設計される。   FIG. 2 shows a device for venting the tank and purging the filter 7. This device is constructed substantially in accordance with the device of FIG. A second (second example) valve 25 is arranged between the first line 2 and the second line 3. The second valve 25 is configured substantially according to the valve 1 of FIG. 1, but the closing member 4 is connected to the membrane 27 via a pull rod 26. The membrane 27 defines a pressure space 28. The pressure space 28 is connected to the second line 3 via the second connection line 31. The closing member 4 is designed as a pipe closed on both sides.

プルロッド２６は、閉止部材４の底部３２にある穴３４を通して案内され、自由端で、閉止部材４の内部にストップ面３３を有する。プルロッド２６の移動とは無関係に閉止部材４をハウジングの底部２０の方向に移動させることができるように、プルロッド２６はストップ面３３を介して閉止部材４の底部３２に接続される。さらに、閉止部材４の位置およびプルロッド２６の位置に応じて、ストップ面３３は、閉止部材４の底部３２に接触し、閉止部材４を封止座部５から下方向へ底部３０の方向に引っ張ることができる。圧力空間２８の負圧によって、閉止部材４の開放挙動は、第１の空間１７と第２の空間１８との差圧がより小さい場合でさえ、閉止部材が特に最大距離まで封止座部５から引き離されるように補助される。圧力空間、膜、およびプルロッドが、さらなる圧力に応じて閉止部材４を開位置に移動させるために閉止部材４に力を及ぼす手段を成す。膜の代わりにピストンを設けることもでき、このピストンの位置は、圧力空間内の圧力に応じて変えられる。   The pull rod 26 is guided through a hole 34 in the bottom 32 of the closing member 4 and has a stop surface 33 inside the closing member 4 at the free end. The pull rod 26 is connected to the bottom 32 of the closing member 4 via a stop surface 33 so that the closing member 4 can be moved in the direction of the bottom 20 of the housing independently of the movement of the pull rod 26. Further, depending on the position of the closing member 4 and the position of the pull rod 26, the stop surface 33 comes into contact with the bottom portion 32 of the closing member 4 and pulls the closing member 4 downward from the sealing seat portion 5 toward the bottom portion 30. be able to. Due to the negative pressure of the pressure space 28, the opening behavior of the closing member 4 is such that the closing member 5 reaches the maximum distance even when the differential pressure between the first space 17 and the second space 18 is smaller. Assisted to be pulled away from. The pressure space, the membrane, and the pull rod provide a means to exert a force on the closing member 4 to move the closing member 4 to the open position in response to further pressure. A piston can be provided instead of the membrane, and the position of this piston can be changed according to the pressure in the pressure space.

図３は、閉止部材４の下端部の部分詳細拡大図を示す。閉止部材４はスリーブ形状を有する。底部３２に、プルロッド２６が通されて案内される穴３４が設けられる。   FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged detail view of the lower end portion of the closing member 4. The closing member 4 has a sleeve shape. The bottom portion 32 is provided with a hole 34 through which the pull rod 26 is guided.

次いで切替弁１６が開かれる場合、内燃機関の吸気管内の負圧によって、フィルタ７内および第２のライン３内で負圧が発生する。したがって、第２の空間１８内にも対応する負圧が生じる。第１のラインが周囲圧に接続されるので、第１の空間１７内は周囲の圧力となる。   Next, when the switching valve 16 is opened, a negative pressure is generated in the filter 7 and in the second line 3 due to the negative pressure in the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine. Accordingly, a corresponding negative pressure is also generated in the second space 18. Since the first line is connected to the ambient pressure, the pressure in the first space 17 is the ambient pressure.

また、第２の接続ライン３１により、圧力空間２８内にも負圧が生じる。膜２７の上方の領域内は大気圧であるので、膜２７は、下方向に、すなわち封止座部５から離れるように移動する。それに対応して、膜２７はプルロッド２６を下方向に移動させる。ストップ面３３は閉止部材４の底部３２と接触し、同様に、閉止部材４を閉止座部５から下方向に引き離す。さらに、第１の空間１７内の大気圧も、閉止部材４の端面に作用する。閉止部材４は、第１の空間１７と第２の空間１８との間、または上側圧力空間２９と下側圧力空間３０との間の圧力差に応じて、封止座部５から下方向に引き離される。膜２７にプルロッド２６を設けることによって、閉止部材４は、好ましくは、制御開口１９を通って流れる体積流とは無関係に封止座部５から所定の距離だけ引き離される。好ましくは、閉止部材４は、開放プロセス時に常に最大開放位置まで引っ張られる。したがって、閉止部材は、圧力空間２８に膜２７が設けられない場合よりも遠くまで封止座部５から引き離される。切替弁１６が閉じられる場合、圧力差が再びなくされ、閉止部材４が、ばね６によって封止座部５に押圧されて閉位置になる。   Further, a negative pressure is also generated in the pressure space 28 by the second connection line 31. Since the pressure in the region above the film 27 is atmospheric pressure, the film 27 moves downward, that is, away from the sealing seat 5. Correspondingly, the membrane 27 moves the pull rod 26 downward. The stop surface 33 contacts the bottom 32 of the closing member 4 and similarly pulls the closing member 4 downward from the closing seat 5. Furthermore, the atmospheric pressure in the first space 17 also acts on the end surface of the closing member 4. The closing member 4 is moved downward from the sealing seat 5 in accordance with a pressure difference between the first space 17 and the second space 18 or between the upper pressure space 29 and the lower pressure space 30. Torn apart. By providing a pull rod 26 in the membrane 27, the closure member 4 is preferably pulled away from the sealing seat 5 by a predetermined distance irrespective of the volume flow flowing through the control opening 19. Preferably, the closing member 4 is always pulled to the maximum open position during the opening process. Therefore, the closing member is pulled away from the sealing seat 5 farther than when the membrane 27 is not provided in the pressure space 28. When the switching valve 16 is closed, the pressure difference is eliminated again, and the closing member 4 is pressed against the sealing seat 5 by the spring 6 to be in the closed position.

図４は、第３の（第３例の）弁４０を通る拡大断面図を示す。第３の弁４０は、図１または図２に従って設計することができ、さらなる圧力に応じて閉止部材４を開位置に移動させるために閉止部材４に力を及ぼす対応する手段（図示せず）を有する。図４に、第３の圧力空間３６の設計がより詳細に示されている。第３の弁４０は、ハウジング２１を有する。ハウジング２１内に第１の空間１７が形成される。第１の空間１７は、第１のライン２を通して周囲圧に接続される。第１の空間１７は、制御開口１９を通して第２の空間１８に接続される。制御開口１９は封止座部５によって取り囲まれる。封止座部５には閉止部材４が割り当てられる。閉止部材４は、第２の空間１８内に配置される。閉止部材４は、第２の空間１８内で、移動軸４１上で変位可能に配置される。閉止部材４は、端面でプレート状の設計であり、ばね６によって封止座部５に対して予張力を付与される。図示される閉位置では、閉止部材４は、制御開口１９を閉じる。   FIG. 4 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view through the third (third example) valve 40. The third valve 40 can be designed according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 and corresponding means (not shown) that exert a force on the closing member 4 to move the closing member 4 to the open position in response to further pressure. Have FIG. 4 shows the design of the third pressure space 36 in more detail. The third valve 40 has a housing 21. A first space 17 is formed in the housing 21. The first space 17 is connected to the ambient pressure through the first line 2. The first space 17 is connected to the second space 18 through the control opening 19. The control opening 19 is surrounded by the sealing seat 5. A closing member 4 is assigned to the sealing seat 5. The closing member 4 is disposed in the second space 18. The closing member 4 is disposed so as to be displaceable on the moving shaft 41 in the second space 18. The closing member 4 has a plate-like design at the end face, and a pretension is applied to the sealing seat 5 by a spring 6. In the closed position shown, the closing member 4 closes the control opening 19.

第２の空間１８は、第２のライン３に接続される。第２のライン３が、例えば図１による燃料タンクまたはフィルタに第２の空間１８を接続する働きをする。さらに、第２のライン３は、第３の接続ライン３５を介して第３の圧力空間３６に接続される。第３の圧力空間３６は、第２の膜４６によって第１の空間１７から分離される。第２の膜４６は、移動軸４１上に位置する中心に、作動要素３８を有する。作動要素３８は、第１の空間１７内に配置される。作動要素３８とは反対側で、閉止部材４は、端面側にピン３７を有する。図示される状況では、作動要素３８は、ピン３７から離隔される。図示される状況では、第１の空間１７内は大気圧となる。第２の空間１８および第３の圧力空間３６内には、実質的に大気圧以上の圧力が生じる。したがって、第２の空間１８内の負圧は、第１の空間１７との圧力差に基づいて、ばね６の予張力に反して閉止部材４を封止座部５から引き離すのに十分でない。   The second space 18 is connected to the second line 3. The second line 3 serves for connecting the second space 18 to, for example, a fuel tank or filter according to FIG. Further, the second line 3 is connected to the third pressure space 36 via the third connection line 35. The third pressure space 36 is separated from the first space 17 by the second membrane 46. The second membrane 46 has an actuating element 38 in the center located on the movement axis 41. The actuating element 38 is arranged in the first space 17. On the opposite side to the actuating element 38, the closing member 4 has a pin 37 on the end face side. In the situation shown, the actuating element 38 is spaced from the pin 37. In the situation shown in the figure, the first space 17 is at atmospheric pressure. In the second space 18 and the third pressure space 36, a pressure substantially equal to or higher than the atmospheric pressure is generated. Therefore, the negative pressure in the second space 18 is not sufficient to pull the closing member 4 away from the sealing seat portion 5 against the pretension of the spring 6 based on the pressure difference with the first space 17.

作動要素３８の反対側で、第２の膜４６は、第２の作動要素４７を有し、第２の作動要素４７は、第３の圧力空間３６内に配置される。第２の作動要素４７の上方で、スイッチ４２がハウジング２１に形成される。スイッチ４２は、第３の圧力空間３６内に突出する。   On the opposite side of the actuating element 38, the second membrane 46 has a second actuating element 47, which is arranged in the third pressure space 36. A switch 42 is formed in the housing 21 above the second actuating element 47. The switch 42 protrudes into the third pressure space 36.

図５は、第２の状態で第３の弁４０を示し、この状態では、第１の空間１７内は大気圧となり、第２の空間１８および第３の圧力空間３６内には負圧が生じる。負圧は、例えば、燃料タンクが冷却されることによって、または吸気管への接続によってフィルタが負圧を供給されることによって発生する。図示される状況では、第３の圧力空間３６および第２の空間１８内の負圧は、例えば、第１の空間１７内の圧力に対して−２．５ｍｂａｒである。この状況では、図４での状況に比べて、第２の膜４６が、スイッチ４２の方向へ上方向に移動される。第２の作動要素４７がスイッチ４２を作動させ、したがって、タンクシステム内に漏れがないことを示す。例えば車両のエンジンが切られた後に、タンク内の燃料の冷却によって負圧が生成される。車両のエンジンが切られた後にスイッチ４２が作動されない場合、すなわち所定の負圧が生成されない場合、タンクシステムは気密でない。   FIG. 5 shows the third valve 40 in the second state. In this state, the first space 17 has an atmospheric pressure, and the second space 18 and the third pressure space 36 have a negative pressure. Arise. The negative pressure is generated, for example, when the fuel tank is cooled or when the filter is supplied with negative pressure by connection to the intake pipe. In the situation shown, the negative pressure in the third pressure space 36 and the second space 18 is, for example, −2.5 mbar relative to the pressure in the first space 17. In this situation, the second membrane 46 is moved upward in the direction of the switch 42 compared to the situation in FIG. The second actuating element 47 activates the switch 42, thus indicating that there are no leaks in the tank system. For example, after the vehicle engine is turned off, the negative pressure is generated by cooling the fuel in the tank. If the switch 42 is not actuated after the vehicle engine has been turned off, i.e. if the predetermined negative pressure is not generated, the tank system is not airtight.

図６は、第３の圧力空間３６および第２の空間１８内の圧力が−６ｍｂａｒであるさらなる状況で第３の弁４０を示す。この状況では、閉止部材４は、封止座部５から既に引き離されており、第１の空間１７から第２の空間１８を通って第２のライン３内に空気が流れる。第１の空間１７と第２の空間１８との圧力差が減少する場合、ばね６の予張力により、閉止部材が再び封止座部５に押圧されて閉位置になる。   FIG. 6 shows the third valve 40 in a further situation where the pressure in the third pressure space 36 and the second space 18 is −6 mbar. In this situation, the closing member 4 has already been pulled away from the sealing seat 5, and air flows from the first space 17 through the second space 18 into the second line 3. When the pressure difference between the first space 17 and the second space 18 decreases, the closing member is again pressed against the sealing seat portion 5 by the pretension of the spring 6 to be in the closed position.

図７は、第２のライン３を通して第２の空間１８および第３の圧力空間３６内に正圧（例えば、第１の空間１７内の圧力に対して＋１ｍｂａｒの正圧）が導入される状況で、第３の弁４０を示す。第２の膜４６は、閉止部材４の圧力面５０よりも大きい表面を有する。第３の圧力空間３６内の正圧により、第２の膜４６が下方向に移動され、作動要素３８はピン３７に接触する。このプロセス中、第２の膜４６は、底部２０の方向に封止座部５から下方向へ閉止部材４を押圧し、したがって制御開口１９を開く。その結果、第２の空間１８から第１の空間１７を通して第１のライン２に空気が逃げることができる。図７に示される状況は、例えば、フィルタ７を介して第２のライン３が燃料タンクに接続される使用形態に対応する。例えば、タンクを再充填することによって、燃料タンク内で負圧を生成することができる。第３の圧力空間３６と第１の空間１７との圧力差が所定の差だけ減少した場合、閉止部材４が、ばね６によって再び封止座部５に押圧される。   FIG. 7 shows a situation in which a positive pressure (for example, a positive pressure of +1 mbar with respect to the pressure in the first space 17) is introduced into the second space 18 and the third pressure space 36 through the second line 3. The third valve 40 is shown. The second film 46 has a surface larger than the pressure surface 50 of the closing member 4. Due to the positive pressure in the third pressure space 36, the second membrane 46 is moved downward and the actuating element 38 contacts the pin 37. During this process, the second membrane 46 presses the closing member 4 downwards from the sealing seat 5 in the direction of the bottom 20 and thus opens the control opening 19. As a result, air can escape from the second space 18 to the first line 2 through the first space 17. The situation shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to, for example, a usage pattern in which the second line 3 is connected to the fuel tank via the filter 7. For example, negative pressure can be generated in the fuel tank by refilling the tank. When the pressure difference between the third pressure space 36 and the first space 17 decreases by a predetermined difference, the closing member 4 is pressed against the sealing seat 5 again by the spring 6.

弁１、第２の弁２５、および第３の弁４０は、第２のライン３内、フィルタ７内、または内燃機関の吸気管への供給ライン１５内の負圧を使用して、閉止部材４の開放挙動を補助する、または弁を通って流れる体積流とは無関係に閉止部材を封止座部から所定の距離だけ引き離されるように設計される。   The valve 1, the second valve 25, and the third valve 40 use a negative pressure in the second line 3, in the filter 7, or in the supply line 15 to the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine. 4 is designed to assist the opening behavior of 4 or to pull the closure member a predetermined distance away from the sealing seat independently of the volume flow flowing through the valve.

１ 弁
２ 第１のライン
３ 第２のライン
４ 閉止部材
５ 封止座部
６ ばね
７ フィルタ
１５ 供給ライン
１７ 第１の空間
１８ 第２の空間
１９ 制御開口
２１ ハウジング
２４ 接続ライン
２６ プルロッド
２７ 膜
２８ 圧力空間
３１ 第２の接続ライン
３５ 第３の接続ライン
３６ 第３の圧力空間
４０ 第３の弁
４５ 案内空間
４６ 第２の膜 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Valve 2 1st line 3 2nd line 4 Closing member 5 Sealing seat part 6 Spring 7 Filter 15 Supply line 17 1st space 18 2nd space 19 Control opening 21 Housing 24 Connection line 26 Pull rod 27 Membrane 28 Pressure space 31 Second connection line 35 Third connection line 36 Third pressure space 40 Third valve 45 Guide space 46 Second membrane

Claims (7)

タンクの換気用の弁（１、２５、４０）であって、ハウジング（２１）と、閉止部材（４）と、封止座部（５）と、第１の空間（１７）と、第２の空間（１８）とを備え、前記２つの空間が制御開口（１９）を介して互いに接続され、前記封止座部（５）が前記制御開口（１９）を取り囲み、閉位置では前記閉止部材（４）が前記封止座部（５）上に封止状態で位置し、弁（１、２５、４０）がさらに、張力付与手段（６）を備え、前記張力付与手段（６）が、前記閉止部材（４）に予張力を付与して、前記封止座部（５）に当接させて前記閉位置にし、前記閉位置では前記閉止部材（４）が前記制御開口（１９）を閉じ、前記閉止部材（４）が、前記第１の空間（１７）と前記第２の空間（１８）との圧力差により開位置に可動であり、前記開位置では前記閉止部材（４）が前記封止座部（５）から引き離され、前記制御開口（１９）が開かれ、前記第１の空間（１７）が第１のライン（２）に接続され、前記第１のライン（２）が、新鮮な空気に接続可能であり、前記第２の空間（１８）が第２のライン（３）に接続され、前記第２のライン（３）がフィルタ（７）に接続可能であり、さらなる負圧に応じて前記閉止部材（４）を前記開位置に移動させるために前記閉止部材（４）に力を及ぼす手段が設けられる弁（１、２５、４０）。 Tank ventilation valves (1, 25, 40) comprising a housing (21), a closing member (4), a sealing seat (5), a first space (17), and a second The two spaces are connected to each other via a control opening (19), the sealing seat (5) surrounds the control opening (19), and the closing member is in a closed position. (4) is positioned in a sealed state on the sealing seat (5), the valve (1, 25, 40) further comprises tension applying means (6), and the tension applying means (6) Pre-tensioning is applied to the closing member (4) to bring it into contact with the sealing seat (5) to the closed position. In the closed position, the closing member (4) opens the control opening (19). closing the closure member (4) is a movable more open position to a pressure difference between the first space (17) and said second space (18), before In the open position, the closing member (4) is pulled away from the sealing seat (5), the control opening (19) is opened, and the first space (17) is connected to the first line (2). The first line (2) is connectable to fresh air, the second space (18) is connected to the second line (3), and the second line (3) is Valves (1, 25) connectable to a filter (7) and provided with means for exerting a force on the closing member (4) in order to move the closing member (4) to the open position in response to further negative pressure 40). 前記手段が案内空間（４５）を備え、前記閉止部材（４）が前記案内空間（４５）内で封止状態で案内され、接続ライン（２４）が、前記案内空間（４５）と、フィルタ（７）から内燃機関の吸気管への供給ライン（１５）との間に設けられる請求項１に記載の弁。   The means includes a guide space (45), the closing member (4) is guided in a sealed state in the guide space (45), and a connection line (24) is connected to the guide space (45) and a filter ( 7. The valve according to claim 1, provided between 7) and a supply line (15) to the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine. 前記手段が圧力空間（２８）を備え、前記圧力空間（２８）が第２の接続ライン（３１）を介して前記フィルタ（７）または前記第２のライン（３）に接続され、前記圧力空間を封止する可動の作動手段（２７）が前記圧力空間（２８）内に設けられ、前記作動手段（２７）が前記閉止部材（４）に動作可能に接続され、前記作動手段（２７）が前記圧力空間（２８）内の圧力に応じて可動であり、前記作動手段（２７）の移動が前記閉止部材（４）に伝達される請求項１に記載の弁。   Said means comprises a pressure space (28), said pressure space (28) being connected to said filter (7) or said second line (3) via a second connection line (31), said pressure space A movable actuating means (27) is provided in the pressure space (28), the actuating means (27) is operatively connected to the closing member (4), and the actuating means (27) The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve is movable according to the pressure in the pressure space (28), and the movement of the actuating means (27) is transmitted to the closing member (4). 前記作動手段が、前記圧力空間（２８）を封止する膜（２７）の形態で設計され、前記膜（２７）が、前記閉止部材（４）を前記開位置に移動させるためにロッド（２６）を介して前記閉止部材（４）に動作可能に接続される請求項３に記載の弁。   The actuating means is designed in the form of a membrane (27) that seals the pressure space (28), and the membrane (27) moves the rod (26) to move the closing member (4) to the open position. The valve according to claim 3, operatively connected to the closure member (4) via). 前記膜（２７）および前記ロッド（２６）が、前記圧力空間（２８）内の負圧が前記閉止部材を前記開位置に移動させるように設計される請求項４に記載の弁。   The valve according to claim 4, wherein the membrane (27) and the rod (26) are designed such that negative pressure in the pressure space (28) moves the closing member to the open position. さらなる圧力空間（３６）が設けられ、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）が第３の接続ライン（３５）を介して前記第２のライン（３）または前記フィルタ（７）に接続され、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）が第２の膜（４６）によって画定され、前記第２の膜（４６）が前記第１の空間に隣接し、スイッチ（４２）が前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）内に設けられ、前記第２の膜（４６）が、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）内で所定の負圧が生じた場合に前記スイッチ（４２）を作動させるように設計される請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の弁。   A further pressure space (36) is provided, said further pressure space (36) being connected to said second line (3) or said filter (7) via a third connection line (35), said further pressure A space (36) is defined by a second membrane (46), the second membrane (46) is adjacent to the first space, and a switch (42) is provided in the further pressure space (36). The second membrane (46) is designed to actuate the switch (42) when a predetermined negative pressure occurs in the further pressure space (36). The valve according to one item. さらなる圧力空間（３６）が設けられ、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）が第３の接続ライン（３５）を介して前記第２のライン（３）または前記フィルタ（７）に接続され、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）が第２の膜（４６）によって画定され、前記第２の膜（４６）が前記第１の空間に隣接し、前記第２の膜（４６）が、前記さらなる圧力空間（３６）内で所定の正圧が生じた場合に前記閉止部材（４）を開位置に移動させるように設計される請求項６に記載の弁。   A further pressure space (36) is provided, said further pressure space (36) being connected to said second line (3) or said filter (7) via a third connection line (35), said further pressure A space (36) is defined by a second membrane (46), said second membrane (46) is adjacent to said first space, and said second membrane (46) is said further pressure space (36). The valve according to claim 6, which is designed to move the closing member (4) to the open position when a predetermined positive pressure is generated in ().
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